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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma evolution from laser-driven gold disks. I. Experiments and results (1990)
    New York, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 2 (1990), S. 2437-2447 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Gold disk targets were irradiated with green (λ=0.53 μm) laser light at intensities between 0.5 and 5×1014 W/cm2 using shaped laser pulses. Plasma conditions near and below critical density (nc(approximately-equal-to)4×1021/cm3) were determined from three diagnostics. Streaked one-dimensional images of the M-band emission (2–3.5 keV) along the laser axis yield the peak emission trajectory. Temporally and spatially averaged measurements of the hard x-ray spectrum (4–25 keV) were used to determine the average coronal electron temperature. Holographic interferometry was used to determine the electron density profiles and scale lengths along the laser axis. The peak emission trajectory, electron temperature, and scale lengths are all in good agreement with simulations, but the magnitudes of the electron density profiles are not, as discussed in an accompanying paper [Phys. Fluids B 2, 2448 (1990)].
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.859509
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Myotonic dystrophy and limb girdle muscular dystrophy in one family (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 72 (1994), S. 409-413 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Myotonic dystrophy ; Limb girdle muscular dystrophy ; Genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A family is reported in which a 29-year-old woman showed the clinical features of myotonic dystrophy while her 26-year-old brother presented with the clinical picture of limb girdle syndrome. In the affected female, direct genetic testing for the specific myotonic dystrophy mutation on chromosome 19 revealed abnormal expansion of a repeat unit containing the three nucleotides cytosine, thymine, and guanine (CTG) — typical for myotonic dystrophy — while her diseased brother displayed two normal alleles. This supports the hypothesis of the extremely rare occurrence of two clinically and genetically different myopathies in one family. Genetic analysis of six other family members showed that the father of the diseased siblings as well as all of his three brothers and sisters had a pathological CTG repeat expansion, and that the other two family members tested had a normal allelic pattern. The number of CTG repeats in the diseased women was approximately tenfold higher than in her asymptomatic relatives who revealed an abnormal allelic pattern. The increase in CTG repeats with transmission to a subsequent generation in this family was paralleled by a dramatic increase in the severity of myotonic dystrophy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00252840
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The relationship between Ki-67 labeling and mitotic index in gliomas and meningiomas: demonstration of the variability of the intermitotic cycle time (1991)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 82 (1991), S. 389-394 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Immunohistochemistry ; Brain tumors ; Proliferation kinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The monoclonal antibody (mAb) Ki-67 is a marker for the growth fraction (GF) of tumor cells. The exact relationship between the Ki-67 labeling index (LI) and the conventional diagnostic criterion of the proliferative activity of brain tumors, the mitotic index (MI), is unknown except for some general references. On serial frozen sections Ki-67 LI and MI were determined in nearly identical areas of 32 glioblastomas, 20 grade III astrocytomas, 21 grade II astrocytomas and 20 selected cases of meningioma. The data not only clearly showed different median values of LI and MI for the various malignancy grades, but also similar regression coefficients for each glioma type. A non-linear relationship between the two indices was found for all glioma cases with high significance and high correlation coefficient; (LI)=5.6 (MI)0.59. This results from differing intermitotic cycle times, the variability of which can be estimated from the data given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00296550
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cross-reactivity of monoclonal antibody Leu-19 with some neuroectodermal and other non-immune tissues (1990)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 79 (1990), S. 520-527 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Natural killer cells ; Immunohistochemistry ; Leu-19 antigen ; Brain tumors ; Neuroendocrine cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Leu-19 antigen is a 200–220 kDa surface glycoprotein, initially detected on natural killer (NK) cells exhibiting non-major histocompatibility complex-restricted cytotoxity. Using a monoclonal antibody (mAb) directed against the Leu-19 molecule, we were unable to identify NK cells immunohistologically in cryostat sections of neuroectodermal tumors. Instead, mAb Leu-19 cross-reacted with the surfaces of the tumor cells, except for melanomas. It stained mesodermal tumor cells less intensely and did not stain those of carcinoma metastases. In three plasmocytomas, cells were observed, most likely NK cells, which extend Leu-19-positive cell processes towards to the unstained tumor cells. Furthermore, the Leu-19 antigen was identified on physiological tissues, especially on all neuroendocrine cells analyzed. The cross-reactions observed with Leu-19 mAb were confirmed using mAb NKH-1, which is also directed against the Leu-19 molecule. Thus, the expression of Leu-19 on neuroectodermal cells is another example of antigen sharing between specialized immune cells and the nervous system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00296112
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Supratentorial ependymomas in childhood: Clinicopathological findings and prognosis (1991)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 111 (1991), S. 96-102 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Ependymoma ; childhood tumour ; hemispheric tumour ; ventricular tumour ; radiation therapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Out of 29 supratentorial ependymomas in children under 10 years of age, operated on between 1951 and 1989, 18 were situated in the hemispheres and 11 in the midline. 15 of the 18 hemispheric tumours, but only 4 of the 11 intra- or paraventricular ependymomas allowed complete removal. The operative mortality within the observation period of nearly 40 years was 27% for tumours in the midline and 11% for those in the hemispheres. The grade of malignancy rose with increasing distance from the ventricular level. 5-year survival without recurrence was 75% in grade 2 and 31% in grade 3 ependymomas. The total rate of recurrence was 58%. New tumour growth can be delayed by postoperative irradiation, at least in grade 2 ependymomas. It can be prevented, if at all, only by total resection of the primary tumour.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01400495
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pilocytic astrocytomas of the posterior fossa a follow-up study in 33 patients (1994)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 129 (1994), S. 131-139 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Pilocytic astrocytoma ; posterior fossa ; operative procedure ; neuro-imaging techniques
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The extent of resection in pilocytic astrocytoma of the posterior fossa often remains undefined and the indications for further treatment in incompletely resected tumours are a matter of debate. It has been also realized that the problem of hydrocephalus in patients with pilocytic astrocytoma of the posterior fossa has not yet been solved and the diagnostic impact of postoperative CT findings remains questionable. We retrospectively reviewed the data from 33 patients harbouring a pilocytic astrocytoma of the posterior fossa to evaluate the impact of surgical technique in terms of radicality and of postoperative imaging results upon prognosis and adjunctive treatment. In addition, the issue of hydrocephalus was considered and related to different treatment modalities. Thirty patients underwent surgical treatment whereas 3 had open biopsy of the tumour. Macroscopically gross total resection of the tumour was performed in 20 patients, whereas resection was partial in 10. Follow-up was obtained in 29 patients for a period which ranged between 2 and 184 months (85 months ±56 months). Outcome was good in 24 patients who had only slight neurological deficit and poor in 3 patients, who were severly disabled. Two patients died during the follow-up period. Recurrent tumour growth occurred in 2 cases with incompletely resected tumours. From the series presented, it was concluded that long-term follow-up with CT seems mandatory in cases with contrast-enhancing residual tumour. Recurrent tumour growth should be assumed in postsurgical patients with an enlarging area of enhancement shown in follow-up CT studies. Permanent ventriculoperitoneal shunting is required in certain patients with pre- or postoperative hydrocephalus. While percutaneous irradiation treatment is not curative, the role of radiosurgery has to be defined in the future.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01406492
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparison of transplantable bicoid activity and partial bicoid homeobox sequences in several Drosophila and blowfly species (Calliphoridae) (1993)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 203 (1993), S. 34-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Bicoid activity ; Heterospecific transplantation ; bicoid orthologous homeobox fragments ; Calliphoridae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In order to test for bicoid-like activity in insects other than Drosophila melanogaster, anterior egg cytoplasm from the following species was injected into cleavage stage embryos from mutant D. melanogaster lacking a functional bicoid (bcd) product: six other Drosophila species, the housefly, three blowfly species, the primitive cyclorrhaphic dipteran Megaselia, and the honeybee Apis mellifera; preliminary tests were made with four lower dipterans (Nematocera). Rescue effects were only observed with the drosophilids, housefly, and two of the three blowfly species. Rescue was stronger with the drosophilids than with the other flies as donors. Where checked (D. pseudoobscura), a positive correlation was found between the amount of cytoplasm injected and the number of pattern elements formed, suggesting threshold effects upon target genes as with the endogenous bcd product. By polymerase chain reaction, fragments from a bcd-orthologous homeobox were cloned from the three blowfly species. The derived sequence of 43 amino acids was identical in all blowflies and the housefly but differed at 4 positions from the orthologous D. melanogaster sequence. Localization of the mRNA recognized by the respective fragments in the blowflies Lucilia and Phormia resembled that known from D. melanogaster, while Calliphora — the blowfly species lacking rescue activity —showed remarkable differences of localization in both ovarian follicles and the deposited egg cell. This surprising divergence within a morphologically rather uniform family of cyclorrhaphic dipterans should be of interest from both functional and evolutionary points of view.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00539888
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CT-guided and computer assisted stereotactic biopsy (1993)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 125 (1993), S. 142-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Stereotactic technique ; CT-guided stereotaxy ; computer-assisted treatment planning ; histological diagnosis ; brain neoplasms
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary On the base of a stereotactic device originally described by Riechert and Mundinger a three-dimensional localization and treatment planning system for CT-guided computer assisted stereotactic procedures has been developed. The experience with 338 patients, in which image guided stereotaxy has been used for the assessment of various intracerebral lesions, is presented. In 54 of these patients the cannula was introduced with a 20 MHz Doppler-probe positioned at the tip of the needle. A comparison of tissue specimens taken stereotactically with tissue material after tumour resection and/or autopsy was performed in 35 patients. The accuracy of the histological diagnosis was 88%. Bleeding as a complication due to the stereotactic intervention occurred in 8 patients (2.4%). Two of these patients had a fatal outcome (mortality: 0.6%). The morbidity (transient and permanent deterioration of the clinical status) was 1.2%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01401842
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neues Verfahren zur Berechnung der Kommutierung von Gleichstrommaschinen unter Berücksichtigung der Bürstenübergangswiderstände (1990)
    Springer
    Electrical engineering 73 (1990), S. 69-79 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0487
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents A method of calculation of all current and voltage wave shapes of a de-machine is given. The method is based on a field-harmonic theory which takes all armature reactions between stator and rotor into account. The self- and mutual inductances depend on the rotor position and are obtained by finite element calculations and then resolved into Fourierseries. The switching between brush and commutator is simulated by brush contact resistances which depend on the rotor position and become at times infinity. A simple test machine has been investigated. The results obtained by the field harmonic theory are in good agreement with the measurements. The voltage between adjacent commutator segments seems to be a distinctive quantity to examine the commutation quality.
    Notes: Übersicht Es wird ein Verfahren zur Berechnung des zeitlichen Verlaufes aller Ströme und Spannungen einer Gleichstrommaschine beschrieben. Die Berechnung ist als Oberfeldtheorie aufgebaut, wobei alle Rückwirkungen zwischen Stator und Rotor erfaßt werden. Die ortsabhängigen Selbst-und Gegeninduktivitäten werden unter genauer Berücksichtigung der Geometrie aus numerischen Feldberechnungen gewonnen und in Form von Fourierreihen in die Oberfeld-theoric eingeführt. Der Schaltvorgang zwischen Bürste und Lamelle wird durch rotorpositionsabhängige Bürstenüber-gangswiderstände beschrieben, die zeitweise unendlich werden. Als Anwendungsbeispiel für die Oberfeldtheorie und zum Vergleich mit Messungen dient eine einfache Versuchs-maschine. Die Übereinstimmung zwischen Berechnung und Messung ist als gut zu bezeichnen. Insbesondere die zwischen zwei benachbarten Lamellen auftretende Spannung erscheint zur Beurteilung der Kommutierung geeignet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01573450
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ventricular fibrillation related to coronary spasm in patients without significant coronary or other structural heart disease (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 72 (1994), S. 307-312 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Ventricular fibrillation ; Coronary spasm ; Silent ischemia ; Implantable defibrillator
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We present three patients without significant coronary or other structural heart disease who were resuscitated after ventricular fibrillation attributed to coronary spasm. Angina pectoris was present in two of the cases and silent myocardial ischemia in the third. All patients were given calcium antagonists at discharge. A defibrillator was also implanted in the patient with silent myocardial ischemia because further episodes of ischemia would probably have occurred without premonitory symptoms. Coronary spasm might be a mechanism of ventricular fibrillation in patients without significant structural heart disease. Diagnostic tests should therefore be performed to confirm or exclude coronary spasm in such cases. The implantation of an automatic defibrillator seems justified in selected patients with documented coronary spasm, silent myocardial ischemia, and associated sustained ventricular tachyarrhythmia, although prospective studies are not yet available.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00180046
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