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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reduced natriuresis during weightlessness (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 71 (1993), S. 678-686 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Body fluid regulation ; Circadian rhythm ; Natriuresis ; Natriuretic peptide ; Space flight ; Urodilatin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The kidney response to weightlessness was measured in one volunteer during a 1-week space mission. Shortly after entering microgravity and later during the mission, consecutive urine sampling periods were monitored, covering in total about 50% of the inflight time. Preflight references were a sequence of ground-based experiments, which evaluated body fluid metabolism with different degrees of standardization. Additional variables, such as circadian rhythms and cortisol-associated stress, were also monitored. In contrast to current hypotheses, the volunteer showed a pronounced reduction in natriuresis and diuresis during the entire space flight, despite a considerable weight loss. For the first time, the urinary excretion of the renal natriuretic peptide urodilatin was also measured. Both, during the preflight experiments and during weightlessness, close correlations between urodilatin excretion and sodium excretion were observed. However, the correlation between natriuresis and urodilatin excretion was considerably altered during weightlessness. We conclude that the loss of body weight during space flight is not related to an increased renal fluid loss and that urodilatin might counteract the decrease in renal excretion observed in weightlessness.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00209720
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of a small bolus dose of ANF in healthy volunteers and in patients with volume retaining disorders (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 68 (1990), S. 709-717 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Cyclic GMP ; Atrial natriuretic factor ; Platelets ; Receptors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Thirty-seven patients with volume-retaining disorders (liver cirrhosis with ascites,n=8; heart failure NYHA III–IV,n=12; endstage renal failure,n=17) and twelve healthy age-matched controls were given a small dose (33 μg) of hANF (human atrial natriuretic factor). We tested the resulting hemodynamic and renal effects as well as the effect on plasma cyclic GMP levels and compared them with the properties of platelet ANF receptors. The ANF injection evoked an increase in cyclic GMP plasma levels of 19.3±2.2 nM in healthy controls. This increase tended to be smaller in the cirrhosis group (15.5±3.3 nM) and in the heart failure group (16.8±2.3 nM) than in the dialysis group (20.5±2.5 nM). The invasion rates of cyclic GMP were comparable in all groups, but the evasion rates increased more in the heart failure and endstage renal failure groups (27.9±7.7 min and 26.1±3.4 min, respectively) than in the cirrhosis and control groups (14.9±1.9 min and 14.2±1.9 min, respectively). Patients with endstage renal failure and congestive heart failure showed a smaller decrease in diastolic blood pressure than controls and patients with liver cirrhosis. Renal actions of ANF were diminished in cirrhosis and heart failure patients. Binding capacities of platelet ANF receptors were higher in the control group (12.2±1.5 receptors/cell) than in the patient groups (cirrhosis, 7.8±1.2; endstage renal failure, 8.0±0.9; heart insufficiency, 8.0±1.0 receptors/ cell), with no differences among the patient groups. Binding affinities were not significantly different. Correlation analysis showed that the relationship between the actions of ANF and the increases in plasma cyclic GMP levels is loose and cannot predict the hemodynamic or renal effects of exogenous ANF in a given patient. Although the behavior of plasma cyclic GMP levels fails to predict the responsiveness of the body to ANF in a given patient, it does reflect the differences between the patient groups and the control group. In contrast, we found no correlation between the properties of platelet ANF receptors and ANF action.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01647578
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of molsidomine on ex vivo platelet aggregation and plasma guanosine 3′∶5′-cyclic monophosphate levels in healthy volunteers (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 68 (1990), S. 213-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Molsidomine ; SIN 1 ; Guanylate cyclase ; Cyclic GMP ; Platelet aggregation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To find out whether 3-morpholino-sydnonimine (SIN 1), the active metabolite of molsidomine, exerts its antiaggregatory effects not only in vitro but also in vivo, we tested ex vivo aggregation before and after intravenous application of molsidomine in healthy volunteers. We also measured plasma levels of guanosine 3′∶5′-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic GMP) as SIN 1, the bioactive metabolite of molsidomine, becomes effective via activation of soluble guanylate cyclase. In eight out of ten subjects molsidomine had an inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation and a higher threshold concentration of platelet-activating factor was required after molsidomine application to induce irreversible aggregation. Despite the effect on platelets, plasma cyclic GMP levels did not increase. These results suggest that the nitric oxide-containing SIN 1 inhibits platelet aggregation not only in vitro but also in vivo and that this property can be a beneficial effect in antianginal therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01662718
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of graded exercise on blood pressure, heart rate, and plasma hormones in cardiac transplant recipients before and during antihypertensive therapy (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 70 (1992), S. 14-21 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Cardiac transplantation ; Plasma renin activity ; Atrial natriuretic factor ; Cyclic guanosine monophosphate ; Plasma catecholamines ; Arterial hypertension ; Exercise testing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of graded supine ergometry on blood pressure, heart rate, and plasma hormones were studied in 14 hypertensive heart transplant recipients before and after 2 weeks and 6 months of enlapril (20 mg/day) plus furosemide (20–80 mg/day) alone or combined with verapamil (120–360 mg/day). Each time, measurements were obtained at rest and at 25 and 50 W exercise. Anti-hypertensive therapy normalized blood pressure, while heart rate and the blood pressure response to exercise remained unaltered. Pretreatment resting plasma renin activity and catecholamine levels were normal, while atrial natriuretic factor and cyclic guanosine monophosphate concentrations were elevated. All hormones increased significantly with exercise. During treatment, plasma renin activity increased and atrial natriuretic factor and cyclic guanosine monosphosphate levels decreased significantly, with a blunted exercise response; concentration of catecholamines increased significantly, with augmented exercise response. Thus, the chosen regimen allowed effective, lasting BP control in hypertensive transplant patients but was associated with significant changes in plasma hormones. Whereas the rise in plasma renin activity may be attributed to converting enzyme inhibition, the decreases in atrial natriuretic factor and cyclic guanosine monophosphate and increases in catecholamine levels seem to indicate marked changes in resting and particularly exercise hemodynamics during antihypertensive therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00422931
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MIR '92 — a new era in space exploration (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 71 (1993), S. 673-673 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00209718
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of atrial natriuretic factor on anterior pituitary hormone secretion in normal man (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 70 (1992), S. 549-555 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Atrial natriuretic peptides ; Anterior pituitary hormones ; Prolactin, somatotropin, thyrotropin, pituitary gonadotropins ; Adrenocorticotropic hormone, hydrocortisone ; Pituitary function test ; Pituitary hormone-releasing hormones ; Human study
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of intravenous human atrial natriuretic factor ANF(99-126) administration on anterior pituitary hormone secretion have not been extensively investigated in humans. We repeatedly studied 10 healthy volunteers (5 female, 5 male, aged 28±2 years) on 2 occasions, 3 days apart. In randomized, single blind order, subjects received pretreatment with either placebo or intravenous ANF(99–126) (bolus 100 μg/kg, 30-min infusion of 0.1 μg/kg-min). Subsequently, on both occasions subjects received a combined intravenous bolus injection of pituitary releasing hormones (200 pg thyrotropin releasing hormone, 100 μg gonadotropin releasing hormone, 50 μg growth hormone releasing hormone and 100 μg human adrenocorticotropin releasing hormone; Bissendorf, Hannover, FRG). Plasma concentrations of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cortisol, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), growth hormone (GH), thyrotropin (TSH), prolactin, ANF and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (GMP) were determined by radioimmunoassay. ANF(99–126) treatment induced a significant reduction in basal ACTH plasma concentrations and tended to decrease basal plasma cortisol. The TSH response to combined releasing hormone administration was significantly diminished after ANF(99-126) pretreatment. In women, the releasing hormone induced prolactin increase was reduced after ANF(99–126) pretreatment. With the present study design, ANF(99–126) did not alter the basal or releasing hormone stimulated plasma concentrations of cortisol, LH, FSH and GH. Releasing hormone administration did not affect ANF and cyclic GMP plasma levels. In humans, effects of natriuretic peptides on anterior pituitary hormone secretion may have to be considered with investigational or therapeutic administration of ANF analogues or agents interfering with the ANF metabolism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00184789
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Autoradiographic localizatio of [125I]-C-ANP compared to [125I]-ANP in rat tissue (1991)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 96 (1991), S. 317-321 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Whole-body autoradiography demonstrated the different distribution of [125I]-C-ANP and [125I]-ANP to rat tissues. Highest enrichment of radioactivity of both labelled peptides was found in the kidney. In some organs we found remarkable differences between [125I]-ANP and [125I]-C-ANP. In the kidney cortex, especially in the glomeruli, as well as in the endocardium, the zona glomerulosa and the medulla of the adrenal gland, where high levels of radioactivity after [125I]-ANP administration were detected, no or just few radioactivity was found after administration of [125I]-C-ANP. On the other hand in the kidney papilla and the outer subcortical medulla, characteristic blackening was found after [125I]-C-ANP administration. Those differences might be important for the understanding of pharmacological actions of ANP analogues.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00271352
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of prolonged physical exercise on fluid regulating hormones (1990)
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 61 (1990), S. 209-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Prolonged physical exercise ; Atrial natriuretic peptide ; 3′-5′-guanosine monophosphate ; Vasopressin ; Renin ; Aldosterone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Sixteen well-trained young men performed a test marathon to study the behaviour of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and its second messenger cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) in relation to changes in plasma volume (PV) and plasma proteins, arginine vasopressin (AVP), renin, aldosterone, potassium and sodium. Blood samples were drawn under standardized conditions before and immediately after the run, as well as 3 h and 31 h after the run. Directly after the run, a two-and-a-half fold increase of plasma ANP and a twofold increase of plasma cGMP level were found, whereas PV decreased significantly by 7.4%. At this time renin-, aldosterone- and AVP-secretion were much stimulated. Thirty-one hours after the run, PV was markedly greater (10%) than before the race, whereas plasma proteins had returned to pre-exercise values. The ANP and cGMP were not significantly altered compared to the pre-race values. We have concluded that ANP and the other volume-regulating hormones may play an important role during and immediately after prolonged physical exercise but not in the longer recovery period. It seems that an influx of plasma proteins into the vascular space is responsible for the increased PV at this time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00357601
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