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  • 1
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Intraluminal bypass ; Biodegradable biomaterials ; Intestinal anastomoses ; Experimental peritonitis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The purpose of this experimental study was to affirm the protective effect of biodegradable tubes for the intraluminal bypass procedure under the adverse condition of general peritonitis. General peritonitis was induced by means of the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model in the rat. The leakage rate in the control group (n=20) without anastomotic protection was 70 percent (14/20). In three therapeutic groups, each consisting of 20 animals, the intestinal anastomoses were protected by an intraluminal bypass tube of different biodegradable biomaterials (collagen-II, BCL-002, and BCL-004). The best results were noted in the collagen-II and BCL-002 groups, where the leakage rates could be reduced to 10 percent. These highly significant results (P=0.0001) prove the feasibility of biodegradable biomaterials for the intraluminal bypass procedure in the rat, even in cases with underlying peritonitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Ileoanal anastomosis ; Continence ; Anal pressure ; Internal sphincter relaxation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This study was done to determine the effect of the direct ileal pouch-anal anastomosis upon pressure and sensory components of the anal canal and ileal pouch. These findings were related to postoperative continence. Thirty-three patients with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (25 continent, eight with episodic minor incontinence) were studied 3±0.3 and 25±5 months after ileostomy takedown. The maximum resting pressure in the anal canal was significantly lower in patients with an imperfect result (35±5 mm Hg) than in continent patients (44±5 mm Hg) (P〈0.05). Postoperatively the maximum squeeze anal pressure was slightly greater in continent than in incontinent patients (99±8 mm Hg vs.87±7 mm Hg) (P〉0.05). The postoperative recto-(ileo-)anal inhibitory reflex was present in 27 percent. The linear correlation between strength of rectal (ileal) distension and depth resp. duration of internal sphincter relaxation as preoperatively observed disappeared postoperatively in every group of patients. Simultaneous measurements of pouch and anal pressure in patients with imperfect results revealed a reduced positive pouch anal pressure gradient compared to the continent group. This low pouch-anal pressure gradient is thought to be responsible for the increased incidence of soiling in some of our patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 8 (1994), S. 847-847 
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 376 (1991), S. 308-312 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Septic shock ; Thromboxan A2 ; Prostacyclin ; Interleucin-6 ; ARDS ; Intestinal ischemia ; Intestinal potassium monitoring
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Beschrieben wird ein tierexperimentelles Sepsismodell, das der Problematik chirurgischer Intensivpatienten entspricht. Nach rezidivierender Applikation von E.-coli-Endotoxin W0111:134 unter standardisierten Bedingungen konnten spezifische hämodynamische, biochemische (TNF, TXA2, PG I2, IL-6, PAF) und morphologische Veränderungen (pulmonales Endothel) nachgewiesen werden. Die sepsisinduzierten ARDS-Veränderungen werden mit einer Hochfrequenzdruck-und-flowmessung mit 385 Meßpunkten fiber einem Atemzyklus analysiert. Die Rolle des Darms in der Sepsis wurde mit ionenselektivem Kaliummonitoring vergleichend auf der Mukosa and Serosa untersucht. Jede Endotoxingabe wurde vom Dünndarm mit selektiven Anstiegen der Kaliumaktivität als Ausdruck einer Endotoxin-induzierten relativen Ischämie beantwortet. Das Profil der Oberflächenkaliumwerte korreliert sowohl mit dem „cardiaco output” als auch mit den Prostazyklinspiegeln. Die während der Versuchsdauer kontinuierlich abnehmende Mukosa-Serosa-Kaliumdifferenz kann als Nachweis einer die Sepsis katalysierenden intestinalen Permeabilitätsstörung interpretiert werden.
    Notes: Abstract The study deals with an animal model for the problems of surgical intensive care patients. Following repeated applications of E. coli endotoxin W0111:134 under standard conditions, specific hemodynamic and biochemical (TNF, TXA2, PGI2, IL-6, PAF) and morphological (endothelium of the lung) alterations were detected. ARDS patterns induced by the sepsis were analyzed by high-frequency measurement of pressure and flow (385 measurements per breathing cycle). The role of the intestine in sepsis was investigated by ion-selective monitoring of surface potassium activity comparing mucosa and serosa. Every injection of endotoxin was followed by a selective increase of the potassium activity revealing relative ischemia induced by the endotoxin. The profile of the potassium levels on the surface correlates both with the cardiac output and with the prostacyclin levels. The continuous narrowing of the difference between mucosa and serosa, potassium during the period of investigation can be regarded as evidence for pathologic change in permeability fostering the septic course.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 379 (1994), S. 95-98 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Adhesions ; Laparoscopy ; Laparotomy ; Cecal resection ; Animal study
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung An Hunden wurden laparoskopisch (n = 7) bzw. per Laparotomie (n = 7) nach Exploration des Dünndarms eine Zäkalpolresektion mit Endo-GIA bzw. TA-30 durchgeführt, 2 cm2 der lateralen Bauchwand deserosiert und ein Netzzipfel reseziert. Am B. postoperativen Tag wurden alle Tiere relaparotomiert und die entstandenen Adhäsionen rechnergestützt vermessen. Das Ausmaß der Adhäsionen nach laparoskopischen Eingriffen war signifikant (P 〈 0,01) geringer. Ausgedehnte Adhäsionen zur Laparotomiewunde und zwischen den Darmschlingen bedingten größere Adhäsionsflächen nach Laparotomie. Konglomeratadhäsionen, adhäsionsbedingte Darmabknickungen und Briden fanden sich häufiger nach konventionellen Operationen. Identische Manipulationen wie Zäkalresektion und Deserosierung der lateralen Bauchwand führten nach laparoskopischen und konventionellen Eingriffen zum gleichen Adhäsionsausmaß. Aufgrund unserer Ergebnisse ist das Risiko adhäsionsbedingter Komplikationen nach laparoskopischen Operationen insgesamt geringer als nach identischen konventionellen Eingriffen einzuschätzen.
    Notes: Abstract We performed laparoscopy (n = 7) or laparotomy (n = 7) for exploration of the small intestine, cecal resection with Endo-GIA or TA-30, deserosation of 2 cm2 of the abdominal wall and resection of the omenturn majus in dogs. After 8 days all dogs were re-examined and the adhesions were quantified by computer-aided measurement. Laparoscopic operations were followed by significantly (P 〈 0.001) fewer adhesions. After conventional operations extensive adhesions to the abdominal incision and interenteric adhesions were found, together with frequent conglomerates of adhesions, intestinal kinkings or adhesive bands. Identical manipulations, such as cecal resection or deserosation of the lateral abdominal wall, led to the same frequency and severity of adhesions in both groups. Based on our results, the risk of adhesion-related complications may be reduced by the laparoscopic approach.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 375 (1990), S. 175-180 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Postoperative ileus ; Gastrointestinal myoelectric activity ; MMC ; Fedpattern ; Ceruletide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die gastrointestinale myoelektrische Aktivität wurde im Tierexperiment (Hand, n=6) nach unterschiedlichen abdominalchirurgischen Eingriffen untersucht. Die Registrierung der elektrischen Aktivität erfolgte mittels implantierter Serosaelektroden beim nüchternen Tier, postprandial and nach Stimulation mit Ceruletid. Abdominalchirurgische Eingriffe wie Laparotomie, Dünndarmsegmentresektion and Hemikolektomic rechts, führten zu einer kurzfristigen Unterbrechung der normalen Motilitat in Magen and Darm. Der Zeitpunkt der Restauration der Motilität mit Wiederauftreten des ”Migrating Motor Complex“ (MMC) variierte in Abhängigkeit vom durchgeführten Eingriff zwischen 3 h nach Dünndarmsegmentresektion bis zu 49 h nach Kolonresektion. Ausgeprägte Störungen des basalen elektrischen Rhythmus (BER) im Magen, wie Tachygastrie and Tachyarrhythmie persistierten über den Zeitpunkt des Wiederauftreten eines normalen MMC's im Dünndarm hinaus. Nahrungsaufnahme in der frühen postoperativen Phase induzierte ein typisches “Fedpattern”, jedoch nie vor dem ersten postoperativen MMC. Ceruletid stimulierte den Darm in der Phase des postoperativen hens zu segmentalen Aktivitäten. Fine Induktion geordneter, sich nach kaudal fortpflanzender myoelektrischer Aktivität und damit eine Verkürzung des postoperativen Ileus ließ sich nicht induzieren.
    Notes: Summary Gastrointestinal myoelectrical activity was registered in 6 dogs after different surgical procedures such as laparotomy, segmental resection of the jejunum and right hemicolectomy. Animals were studied in the fasted- and fed state and after pharmacological stimulation with Ceruletide. The electrical activity was recorded by means of 6 bipolar electrodes implanted along the intestinal wall. Abdominal surgery abolished normal motility in the stomach and small intestine only for a short period of time. The time for the reappearance of regularly recurring activity fronts varied with the type of the surgical procedure from 3 h after segmental resection of the jejunum to 49 h after colon resection. Severe disturbances of the BER (basic electrical rhythm) in the stomach as tachygastria and tachyarrhythmia persist even after restoration of the MMC (migrating motor complex) in the small intestine. Feeding induced a typical fedpattern but never before restoration of the MMC. Stimulation of the intestine during postoperative ileus with Ceruletide increases segmental myoelectrical activity. The period of postoperative ileus was not reduced.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 376 (1991), S. 67-68 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Colorectal cancer ; Radioimmunoscintimetry ; Radical surgery ; Lymph node metastases
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In einer prospektiven Studie wurde bei 32 Patienten mit primären kolorektalen Tumoren eine präoperative Radioimmunszintigraphie mit dam CEA-Antikörper BW 431/26 markiert mit entweder 131J (Gruppe 1, n = 17) oder 99Tc (Gruppe 2, n = 15) durchgeführt. Als Modell für die intraoperative Radioimmunszintimetrie folgte unmittelbar postoperativ eine Präparatszintigraphie mit Markierung aller positiven Lymphknoten. Die Ergebnisse wurden mit den Daten der präoperativen Diagnostik (CT, MR, Endosonographie) verglichen und histologisch Bowie immunhistochemisch kontrolliert. Die Analyse (Sensitivität, Spezifität) erfaßte die Parameter: Untersuchungsart und -zeitpunkt, Radionuklidtyp, Lymphknotengröße and CEA-Serumspiegel. Die Präparatszintigraphie zeigte bei Verwendung des 131J-Antikörpers die besten Ergebnisse in der Lymphknotendiagnostik (Sensitivität: 1, Spezifität: 0,57) und war allen anderen Verfahren überlegen. Die Spezifität konnte bei einer Untersuchung am 6. bis 8. Tag auf 1 angehoben warden. Kleine (〈 1 cm) Lymphknotenmetastasen wurden präparatszintigraphisch am exaktesten diagnostiziert (Sensitivität: 1, Spezifität: 0,91). Immunhistochemisch konnte eine gute Korrelation von szintigraphischer Positivität und CEA-Exprimierung nachgewiesen werden, während der Serum- CEA-Spiegel keinen Einfluß auf die Ergebnisse hatte. Wir folgern, daß die intraoperative Radioimmunszintimetrie einen Beitrag zur Verbesserung der Radikalität bei der Resektion kolorektaler Tumoren leisten kann. Die besten Ergebnisse werden mit einer 131J-Markierung und der Applikation des Radionuklid-Antikörper-Komplexes am 6. bis 8. präoperativen Tag erreicht.
    Notes: Abstract In a prospective study 32 patients with primary colorectal carcinomas were studied by means of radioimmunoscintigraphy with the anticarcinoembryonic antigen monoclonal antibody BW 431/26 labelled with either 131I (group 1, n = 17) or 99Tc (group 2, n = 15). Scintigraphy of the resected specimen was used as a model for intraoperative radioimmunoscintimetry, and all positive lymph nodes were marked during the investigation. The results were compared with the data yielded by preoperative investigations (CT, MR, endosonography) and checked by histology and immunohistochemistry. The analysis (sensitivity, specificity) included: type of investigation, time interval from antigen application, type of radionuclide, size of lymph nodes investigated, and serum level of CEA. 131I-Scintigraphy of the resected specimen gave the best results in the detection of lymph node metastases (sensitivity 1, specificity 0.57) and was superior to all other diagnostic procedures. When the investigation was performed 6–8 days after administration of the antibody the specificity improved to 1. The best results (sensitivity 1, specificity 0.91) were achieved in small (〈 1 cm) lymph node metastases. A good correlation between scintigraphic diagnosis and immunohistochemical CEA detection was confirmed. Serum levels of CEA had no influence on the scintigraphic results. We conclude that intraoperative radioimmunodetection of lymph node metastases may improve the radicality in the resection of colorectal tumors. The best results are achieved with 131I-labelling and with application of the antibody 6–8 days before the operation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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