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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nonlinear optical properties of highly oriented polydiacetylene evaporated films (1989)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 54 (1989), S. 2287-2289 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Third-order harmonic generation has been measured on highly oriented polydiacetylene (PDA) films prepared by the vacuum deposition method. Experimental values of the third-order electric susceptibility χ(3) measured for pumping laser polarized parallel to the polymer chain show a sharp three-photon resonance to the 1Bu exciton in PDA. Potential usefulness of these highly oriented PDA evaporated films in nonlinear optical applications is suggested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.101104
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nonlinear optical absorption in an n-InGaAsP/p-InP heterodoping superlattice (1988)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 52 (1988), S. 359-361 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Absorptive optical nonlinearity in an n-InGaAsP/p-InP heterodoping superlattice grown by vapor phase epitaxy is investigated. Although change in the absorption coefficient per an excited carrier obtained for the doping superlattice is comparable to that of bulk material, larger nonlinear absorption is induced by unit-intensity light illumination. This enhancement is attributable to prolonged carrier recombination lifetime due to the separation of electrons and holes in space. The nonlinear absorption caused by accumulated photocarriers can be explained by the combination of two effects: blocking of direct band-to-band transition in real space (band filling effect), and change in probability of indirect transition in real space (Franz–Keldysh effect) due to a modified internal electric field.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.99464
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic properties and domain structures in domain refined grain-oriented silicon steel (invited) (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 63 (1988), S. 2966-2970 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The present paper is concerned with the development of low-loss grain-oriented silicon steel, and especially with the magnetic properties and domain structures in domain refined grain-oriented silicon steel. The effects of locally induced stress and slight magnetic flux emergence have been examined as possible nucleation centers for effective domain walls which contribute to magnetization. The fundamental phenomena and their origins have been discussed on the bases of experimental facts. It was concluded that these domain refining effects were based upon interactions between subdomains having transverse magnetization, which originate from magnetic free poles and/or internal stress, and tensile stress in silicon steel with orientation near (110)[001]. The features of magnetic properties and domain structures of domain refined grain-oriented silicon steel both for stack and wound cores are described. Finally, a new technique for raising the degree of (110)(001) orientation is introduced, and the approach to minimum loss in grain-oriented silicon steel is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.340917
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temperature dependence of nonlinear absorption in InP doping superlattices (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 64 (1988), S. 3641-3646 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Absorptive optical nonlinearity in InP doping superlattices grown by vapor-phase epitaxy is investigated in a 2–300 K temperature range. The absorption spectra have tails below InP band-gap energy, caused by the Franz–Keldysh effect due to the internal electric field. The absorption tail is almost temperature independent. This means that the periodic electric potential in the doping superlattice, responsible for the nonlinearity, is unchanged across this temperature range. Nonlinear absorption is evaluated by the pump-probe method. The large reduction in absorption coefficient is obtained even with a weak excitation light intensity. This enhancement in nonlinearity is due to prolongation of the excited-carrier lifetime. Nonlinear absorption increases as temperature decreases. This is due to the temperature dependence of the carrier lifetime.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.341403
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relation between dynamic domain wall movement and crystal orientation in advanced grain-oriented silicon steel (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 64 (1988), S. 5364-5366 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Dynamic domain wall movements in advanced grain-oriented silicon steel (GO) magnetized in alternating fields of 50 Hz were observed using the line-sampling stroboscopic technique in a scanning electron microscope. Domain wall interactions among grains were investigated in relation to the differences in crystal orientation. Several kinds of GO which differed in permeability and iron loss, and GO artifically domain refined were examined. It was shown that an essential factor to obtain lower losses in GO is uniform domain wall movements in each grain. Differences of wall displacement speeds among grains were smaller in GO with orientation near (110) [001] than in GO with orientation deviated from (110) [001]. After artificial domain refining these differences became much smaller, and subsequently much lower losses were obtained in GO with orientation near (110) [001].
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.342372
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxidation of the Si(111) (7×7) surface: Electron energy loss spectroscopy, low-energy electron diffraction, and Auger electron spectroscopy studies (1985)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 83 (1985), S. 428-436 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: High-resolution vibrational/electronic-transition electron energy loss spectroscopy, low-energy electron diffraction, and Auger electron spectroscopy have been used to study the oxidation of the Si(111) (7×7) surface at 300 K. From the initial stage (O2 exposure ∼1 L, fractional oxygen coverage θ∼0.2), an Si–Si bond breaking occurs, and atomic oxygen is adsorbed in the bridge site (between the first and second layers of Si substrate) as well as in the on-top site. Some molecular species (superoxide-like species) are also existent. With the increase in O2 exposure up to 100 L where θ∼1.5 is reached, the number of the Si–O–Si species in the selvedge region of Si substrate is greatly increased. By heating the surface pre-exposed to 1–100 L O2 at 850 K, the superoxide-like species are removed and the number of oxygen atoms in the on-top sites is decreased. With the increase in O2 exposure (0→100 L) and by heating (300→850 K), the bond angle of the Si–O–Si species is increased towards that of the vitreous SiO2. The Si oxide which is totally characteristic of vitreous SiO2 is not formed by exposing the Si(111) surface kept at 700 K to 10 000 L (10−5 Torr×103 s) oxygen. The effect of residual water–vapor adsorption has been carefully examined and minimized.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.449787
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pain in the sternocleidomastoid muscle and occlusal interferences (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 15 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The EMG of the sternocleidomastoid muscle and the masticatory muscles during function has been observed in relation to opposing occlusal contacts. The purpose was to investigate the possible developmental mechanism of pain which can occur in the muscles.Six subjects with normal function and ten patients were studied. EMG activities of temporal, masseter, sternocleidomastoid (insertion) and sternocleidomastoid (middle) were recorded by surface and needle electrodes.EMG activity was recorded from the insertion of the sternocleidomastoid during activity of the masticatory muscles in tapping, clenching, and mastication. On the other hand little activity was registered from the middle of the sternocleidomastoid. The amplitude of the EMG of SCM-I increased as the occlusal force increased. During chewing the sternocleidomastoid muscle was functioning more actively on the working side than on the non-working side. On the patients, EMG activities of the muscles were of low amplitude and low frequency with no synchronization with the chewing movement, suggesting hyperactivity of the muscle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2842.1988.tb00173.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Farber's lipogranulomatosis in siblings: light and electron microscopic studies (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 121 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Two cases of Farber's lipogranulomatosis in siblings are reported. The clinical features included contractures of the limbs with swelling of the joints and subcutaneous nodules and erythematous infiltrated plaques. On histology there were many large foam cells in the dermis, and electron microscopy showed numerous large cells with round cytoplasmic lamellar and microtubular bodies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1989.tb08222.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition of Na+-pump enhances carbachol-induced influx of 45Ca2+ and secretion of catecholamines by elevation of cellular accumulation of 22Na+ in cultured bovine adrenal medullary cells (1986)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 332 (1986), S. 351-356 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: 45Ca2+ Influx ; Catecholamines ; 22Na+ Influx ; 86Rb+ Uptake ; Secretion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In bovine adrenal medullary cells, we reported that 22Na+ influx via nicotinic receptor-associated Na+ channels is involved in 45Ca2+ influx, a requisite for initiating the secretion of catecholamines (Wada et al. 1984, 1985b). In the present study, we investigated whether the inhibition of Na+-pump modulates carbachol-induced 22Na+ influx, 45Ca2+ influx and catecholamine secretion in cultured bovine adrenal medullary cells. We also measured 86Rb+ uptake by the cells to estimate the activity of Na+, K+-ATPase. (1) Ouabain and extracellular K+ deprivation remarkably potentiated carbachol-induced 22Na+ influx, 45Ca2+ influx and catecholamine secretion; this potentiation of carbachol-induced 45Ca2+ influx and catecholamine secretion was not observed in Na+ free medium. (2) Carbachol increased the uptake of 86Rb+; this increase was inhibited by hexamethonium and d-tubocurarine. In Na+ free medium, carbachol failed to increase 86Rb+ uptake. (3) Ouabain inhibited carbachol-induced 86Rb+ uptake in a concentration-dependent manner, as it increased the accumulation of cellular 22Na+. These results suggest that Na+ influx via nicotinic receptor-associated Na+ channels increases the activity of Na+, K+-ATPase and the inhibition of Na+, K+-ATPase augmented carbachol-induced Ca2+ influx and catecholamine secretion by potentiating cellular accumulation of Na+. It seems that nicotinic receptor-associated Na+ channels and Na+, K+-ATPase, both modulate the influx of Ca2+ and secretion of catecholamines by accomodating cellular concentration of Na+.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00500086
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enhanced expression of ras gene products in psoriatic epidermis (1988)
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 280 (1988), S. 259-263 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: ras gene product ; Psoriasis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The ras oncogene product ras p21 is structurally homologous to guanine nucleotide-binding proteins and plays an important role in transducing signals elicited by membrane receptors into intracellular metabolism. We examined psoriatic tissues for expression of ras p21 and compared them with normal skin, using the indirect immunofluorescence technique with the anti-ras p21 monoclonal antibody (MoAb), rp-35. In normal epidermis of five healthy individuals and uninvolved epidermis of three psoriatic patients, only the basal layer was positively stained by rp-35. The spinous layer was negative or faintly positive. In contrast, all psoriatic epidermis obtained from 13 psoriatic patients had strong reactivity with rp-35 throughout the epidermis. There were no differences in the staining pattern of hair follicles, sebaceous glands, eccrine glands, and eccrine ducts, which positively reacted with rp-35, between psoriatic and normal skin. The functions of ras p21 have not been clearly identified in mammalian cells; however recent reports reveal that cyclic AMP production is inhibited by the transfection of activated ras gene into normal cells. Enhanced expression of ras p21 in psoriatic epidermis may be indicative of some mechanism of defective β-adrenergic responsiveness, which is considered to be one of the important pathophysiological phenomena causing the hyperproliferative condition in psoriasis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00440597
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