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  • 1995-1999  (2)
  • 1985-1989  (5)
  • 1955-1959  (1)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nanostructure fabrication via laser-focused atomic deposition (invited) : The 40th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 6079-6083 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Nanostructured materials and devices will play an important role in a variety of future technologies, including magnetics. We describe a method for nanostructure fabrication based on the use of laser light to focus neutral atoms. The method uses neither a mask nor a resist, but relies on the direct deposition of atoms to form permanent structures. Since the atomic de Broglie wavelength is of picometer order, the size of structures produced is not significantly limited by diffraction, as in optical lithography. Lines as narrow as 38 nm full width at half maximum spaced by 213 nm have been produced and we have demonstrated the production of a two-dimensional array of dots. The highly parallel process of nanostructure formation and the intrinsic accuracy of the optical wavelength that determines structure spacing suggest a number of interesting applications, including calibration standards for various types of microscopy, lithography, and micromeasurement systems. Possible magnetic applications include the production of arrays of magnetic elements, laterally structured giant magnetoresistive devices, and the patterning of magnetic media.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.362099
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of thorium as a target in electron-spin analyzers (1989)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 60 (1989), S. 683-687 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Measurements of the effective Sherman function have been carried out for 10–100-keV spin-polarized electrons scattering from a thick thorium target in a retarding Mott analyzer. At 20 and 100 keV the dependence on the maximum energy loss accepted by the detector has been measured. Comparison is made with scattering from a 1250-A(ring) gold film. Thorium is seen to have a Seff up to 30% higher than gold. This higher Seff can not only improve the figure of merit of a spin detector, but also lessen its sensitivity to instrumental asymmetries. Comparison is also made with preliminary theoretical results. Good agreement between theory and experiment is seen in the thorium Sherman function relative to that of gold.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1140383
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improved low-energy diffuse scattering electron-spin polarization analyzer (1989)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 60 (1989), S. 1-11 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: An improved low-energy diffuse scattering electron-spin polarization analyzer is described. It is based on the low-energy (150 eV) diffuse scattering of polarized electrons from polycrystalline evaporated Au targets. By collecting large solid angles and efficiently energy filtering the scattered electrons, a maximum figure of merit, FOM=S2I/I0=2.3×10−4 is achieved. Maximum measured values of the Sherman function were S=0.15. Further, the instrumental (false) asymmetry due to changes in the trajectory of the incident electron beam has been minimized by balancing the angular and displacement asymmetries. A total residual scan asymmetry as low as 0.0035/mm has been measured over 4-mm scan fields at the Au target in the detector. This instrumental asymmetry would produce a maximum error in the polarization in a SEMPA experiment of less than 0.3% for a 100-μm full-field scan. Details of the design and performance of the new detector are given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1140575
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spin sensitivity of a channel electron multiplier (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 59 (1988), S. 506-508 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: We report direct measurements of the sensitivity of a channel electron multiplier to electrons with different spin orientations. Four regions of the multiplier cone were examined using polarized electrons at 100-eV incident energy. Pulse counting and analog modes of operation were both investigated and in each case the observed spin effects were less than 0.5%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1139876
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nanofabrication of a two-dimensional array using laser-focused atomic deposition (1995)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 67 (1995), S. 1378-1380 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Fabrication of a two-dimensional array of nanometer-scale chromium features on a silicon substrate by laser-focused atomic deposition is described. Features 13±1 nm high and having a full-width at half maximum of 80±10 nm are fabricated in a square array with lattice constant 212.78 nm, determined by the laser wavelength. The array covers an area of approximately 100 μm×200 μm. Issues associated with laser-focusing of atoms in a two-dimensional standing wave are discussed, and potential applications and improvements of the process are mentioned.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.115539
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Reformed Doctrine of Predestination: According to Peter Martyr (1955)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Scottish journal of theology 8 (1955), S. 255-271 
    Details
    ISSN: 0036-9306
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Theology and Religious Studies
    Notes: The doctrine of predestination is commonly regarded as the normative dogma of Reformed or Calvinistic theology —but the contemporary demand for Christocentric theology is held to prove that this norm is not fully Christian. The impressive critical analysis of Karl Barth, for example, shows the Reformed doctrine of predestination, especially as it is worked out in the centuries following the Reformation, to be reduced to ‘double predestination’. This unscriptural teaching, Barth argues, derives from the misplacement of the doctrine in Reformed theology, since its proper position (Stellung) in dogmatics is in the context of Christology, and ‘not directly following the doctrine of God’.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0036930600008887
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    T=1, spin-dipole strength in40Ca (1989)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 333 (1989), S. 39-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 24.30 ; 24.30.CZ ; 25.40.Ep
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Spin-dipole strength in40Ca has been studied by inelastic scattering of 500-MeV protons and the dipole response in40Ca is compared with the spin-dipole data from the40Ca(p, n) reaction and nonspin-dipole data from photonuclear studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01290108
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of collisional alignment and orientation studied by scattering of spin-polarized electrons from laser excited atoms (1987)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 6 (1987), S. 163-183 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6079
    Keywords: 34.80.Nz ; 34.80.Qb
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A general framework using density matrices is developed for the analysis of atomic excitation by spin-polarized electrons. This framework is applied to the specific case of the 3S 1/2→3P 3/2 transition in Na, as studied by the time-reversed, superelastic process. The scattering is characterized in terms of physical parameters describing the collisionally excitedp-state, i.e., its angular momentum (L ⊥), linear polarization (P lin), and alignment angle (γ), with these parameters defined separately for singlet and triplet excitation. An expression for the scattering intensity is derived which is valid for arbitrary electron polarization and atomic state preparation. Specific examples are discussed with a view toward complete determination of the relevant scattering amplitudes and phases. Recent experimental results are reevaluated for comparison with theoretical calculations, and suggestions are made for future experiments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01384603
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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