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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Purkinje fibres ; Transitional cells ; Working myocardium ; Global ischaemia ; Ultrastructure ; Contraction state
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Contraction bands usually occur in the intramural working myocardium following post-ischaemic reperfusion. In the subendocardium, however, they are found during ischaemia. Thus, we ascertained the contraction states of Purkinje fibres, transitional cells, subendocardial and intramural parts of the working myocardium during 30 min global ischaemia at 25° C. The effects with and without myocardial protection were compared. At the onset of pure ischaemia contraction bands are completely lacking in all cell types. During pure ischaemia contraction bands are found in all subendocardial cell types but not in the intramural working myocardium. A peak of pathological contraction states is found in the intramural working myocardium at the onset (0 min), in the subendocardial working myocardium at 10 min, in the transitional cells and Purkinje fibres at 30 min of pure ischaemia. Histidine-, tryptophan-, ketoglutarate-enriched (HTK) cardioplegia prevents contraction bands completely at the onset of ischaemia and prevents both contraction bands and pathological contraction states during ischaemia almost completely. Striking differences in the physiological contraction states are seen only in the working myocardium: HTK cardioplegia brings about dominance of relaxation during ischaemia. These findings may be due mainly to the effects of global ischaemia on the one hand and to catecholamines, calcium and oxygen on the other.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Purkinje fibres ; Ischaemia tolerance ; Qualitative and quantitative ultrastructure ; Cardioplegia ; Arrhythmias
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary During open heart surgery, reperfusion-induced arrhythmias arising after short periods of ischaemia may originate from subendocardial Purkinje fibres. We investigated the ultrastructure of these fibres during 30 min of global ischaemia at 25° C. The effects both with myocardial protection (HTK cardioplegia) and without it (pure ischaemia) were compared qualitatively and morphometrically. After 30 min pure ischaemia overcontraction of sarcomeres, hypercontraction and contraction bands, together with considerable changes in organelles, predominate over cellular oedema. In Purkinje fibres, both cellular and mitochondrial swelling were significantly increased within this 30-min time period from the onset of pure ischaemia. In contrast, following HTK cardioplegia and 30 min ischaemia, cellular and mitochondrial swelling remain moderate and over-contractions are almost entirely lacking. This means that despite remarkable differences between pure ischaemia and HTK cardioplegia in the degree of protection attained it is clear that, compared with the working myocardium, subendocardial Purkinje fibres do not display a higher resistance to early global ischaemia. Further investigations of this sensitivity of Purkinje fibres to global ischaemia and certain drugs may bring about new insights into myocardial protection and pharmacotherapy of arrhythmias.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 28 (1977), S. 602-606 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Observations concerning stress corrosion crack propagation in a pure AlZnMg3 alloyThe propagation of stress corrosion cracks has been studied (by micro fotography) using potentionstatically polarized specimens notched on one side and held underconstant load in air saturated NaCl solution. According to the results obtained crack propagation is discontinuous; the stop points visible in the crack length-time-curve may be characterized as collisions between crack tips and grain boundary triple points. At - 1100 mV the crack propagation velocity is higher than at -mV provided the particular potential has been given from the very beginning. If, however, the potentials is varies from-1100 to -1300 MV during the measurement the change in crack propagation velocity is negligable (the same applies to potential changes at the time of small crack length). The discontinuity in crack propagation may be explained by assuming hydrogen embrittlement or selective corrosin to occur at the crack tip.
    Notes: Die Ausbreitung von Spannungskorrosionsrissen wurde an potentiostatisch polarisierten, einseitig gekerbten Proben unter konstanter Belastung in luftgesättigter NaCl-Lösung mikrofotografisch verfolgt. Die Risse breiten sich danach diskontinuierlich aus; die in der Rißlänge-Zeit-Kurve erkennbaren. Haltepunkte können als Auftreffen von Rißspitzen auf Korngrenzen-Tripelpunkte identifiziert werden. Bei - 1100 mV breitet sich der Riß schneller aus als bei - 1300 mV, wenn das jeweilige Elektrodenpotential von Anfang an vorgegeben ist. Wird dagegen das Potential von - 1100 auf -1300 mV verändert, so ist die Rißgeschwindipkeit nur geringfügig verändert (gleiches gilt für Potentialveränderungen zum Zeitpunkt kleiner Rißausbreitung). Die diskontinuierliche Rißausbreitung kann da nach mit Hilfe der Annahme erklärt werden, daß an der Rißspitze Wasserstoffversprödung oder selektive Korrosion auftreten.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 29 (1978), S. 585-593 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Intercrystalline corrosion, grain-phase corrosion and stress-corrosion cracking of aged AlZnMg1 alloysPotentiostatic polarisation curves and stress corrosion crack propagation of a pure and a commercial AlZnMg1-alloy, both peakhardened either by warm or by double ageing, were investigated in airsaturated sodium halide and sulfate solutions at a temperature of 303 K. For this, propagation of crack tips was observed microphotographically under potentiostatic conditions and under constant stress using specimens precracked by fatique corrosion. The pure alloy contents (weight percent): Zn 4,4; Mg 1,26; Fe 0,05; Si 0,006; balance Al, the commercial alloy: Zn 5,05; Mg 1,2; Fe 0,23; Si 0,1; Mn 0,23; Cr 0,2; Cr 0,2; Ti 0,074; Zr 0,12; Cu 0,056; balance Al. In sodium halide solutions either grain boundary and grain attack or only grain attack occurs at a potential region more positive than the respective breakdown potential. At the more negative restpotential no attack can be observed. The influence of concentration of chloride ions on the velocity of discontinuous crack propagation in the pure alloy, which starts without any initiation stage, is different for both heat treatments. No crack propagation is observed in the commercial alloy and in any case in sulfate solutions. The obtained stress corrosion cracking results may be explained by hydrogen embrittlement of the area around the crack tip.
    Notes: An einer warm- und stufenausgelagerten vollausgehärteten, reinen und technischen AlZnMg l-Legierung wurden potentiostatische Stromspannungskurven und die SpK-Rißausbreitung in ruhenden, luftgesättigten Natriumhalogenid- und Natriumsulfatlösungen bei 303 K gemessen. Dabei wurde die Rißfront an einseitig mit einem interkristallinem Schwingungskorrosionsanriß versehenen Zugflachproben unter konstanter Last und potentiostatisch vorgegebenem Ruhepotential mikrofotographisch verfolgt. Die reine Legierung enthielt (in Gew.%) Zn 4,4; Mg 1,26; Fe 0,005; Si 0,006; die technische Legierung Zn 5,05; Mg 1,2; Fe 0,23; Si 0,1; Mn 0,23; Cr 0,2; Ti 0,074; Zr 0,12; Cu 0,056. In Natriumhalogenidlösungen tritt oberhalb dem gegenüber dem außenstromlosen Ruhepotential positiveren Durchbruchpotential Korngrenzen und/oder Kornflächenangriff auf. Bei der reinen Legierung ist der Einfluß der Chlorionenkonzentration auf die Geschwindigkeit der ohne Inkubationszeit einsetzenden, diskontinuierlichen SpK-Rißausbreitung für den warm- und stufenausgelagerten Zustand verschieden. In den entsprechenden technischen Legierungen und in Sulfatlösungen ist keine Rißausbreitung zu beobachten. Die Versuchsergebnisse lassen sich mit einer SpK-Rißausbreitung durch Versprödung der Rißspitze mittels Wasserstoff erklären.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Investigation into the influence of the microstructure on the intercrystalline and grainphase corrosion of pure aluminium-zinc-magnesium alloys in an 1 M sodium chloride solutionPotentiostatic polarisation tests of homogeneous pure aluminium-zinc-magnesium 2- and aluminium-zinc-magnesium 3-alloys as well as of a pure aluminium zinc-magnesium 3-alloy with two step ageing and quench-interruption treatments were carried out in an airsaturated 1 M sodium chloride solution at a temperature of 303 K. The pure aluminium-zinc-magnesium 3-alloy contents (weight percent): zinc 4,76; magnesium 3,00: impurities 0,08; balance aluminium, the pure aluminium-zinc-magnesium 2-alloy: zinc 4,60; magnesium 2,00; impurities 0,011; balance aluminium. The more negative breakdown potential in the homogeneous aluminium-zinc-magnesium-alloy than in the pure aluminium is caused by the zinc. According to the heattreatment the aged aluminium-zinc-magnesium 3-alloy shows above the breakdown potential grainphase corrosion and/or intercrystalline corrosion. In contrast to specimens with G.P.-zones or ν-precipitates in the matrix the specimens with ν′-matrix precipitates are grain-phase corroded along deep parallel streaks. This observation is attributed to the favoured formation of the ν′-precipitates on the (111)-planes in the matrix. The intercrystalline corrosion is more marked in specimens with a wider precipitate free zone, i.e. with a higher concentration of zinc and magnesium in the precipitate free zone.
    Notes: An einer homogenen, sowie stufenausgelagerten und teilweise stufenabgeschreckten reinen Aluminium-Zink-Magnesium 3-Legierung und homogenen reinen Aluminium-Zink-Magnesium 2-Legierung wurden im unbelasteten Zustand potentiostatische Halteversuche in einer luftgesättigten 1 M Natriumchloridlösung bei 303 K durchgeführt. Die Aluminium-Zink-Magnesium 3-Legierung enthielt (in Gew.-%): Zink 4,76; Magnesium 3,00; Verunreinigungen 0,08; Rest Aluminium, die reine Aluminium-Zink-Magnesium 2-Legierung: Zink 4,60; Magnesium 2,00; Verunreinigungen 0,011; Rest Aluminium. Die gegenüber dem reinen Aluminium negativeren Durchbruchpotentiale der homogenen Aluminium-Zink-Magnesium-Legierungen werden durch das Zink verursacht. Oberhalb der Durchbruchpotentiale tritt bei der ausgelagerten Aluminium-Zink-Magnesium 3-Legierung je nach Wämebehandlung Kornflächen- und/oder Korngrenzenangriff auf. Im Gegensatz zu den Proben mit G. P.-Zonen oder ν′-Matrixausscheidungen erfolgt der Kornflächenangriff in den Proben mit ν′-Matrixausscheidungen ausgeprägt entlang parallel zueinanderliegender Bereiche. Diese Beobachtung wird auf die bevorzugte Bildung der ν′-Ausscheidungen auf den (111)-Ebenen der Matrix zurückgeführt. Die interkristalline Korrosion wird mit breiterem ausscheidungsfreiem Saum und der damit verbundenen höheren Konzentration an Zink und Magnesium im ausscheidungsfreien Saum stärker.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Influence of microstructure and electrode potential upon the velocity of stress corrosion cracks of a pure AlZnMg3-alloy in an 1 M NaCI-solutionThe influence of microstructure and electrode potential upon the stress corrosion crack velocity in a fully aged pure aluminium-zincmagnesium 3-alloy with two step ageing and quench interruption treatments was investigated in airsaturated 1 M sodium chloride solution at 303 K. For this, propagation of the crack tip was observed microphotographically under potentiostatic conditions and under constant load using specimens precracked by fatigue. The crack propagation at the corrosion potential is accelerated by denser matrix-precipitates, narrower precipitate free zone, the presence of great T-grain boundary precipitates and minor sensitivity to intercrystalline corrosion and occurs to judge from the look of the fracture surfaces without considerable metal dissolution. In contrast to the alloy, which shows no intercrystalline corrosion, the crack propagation in the alloy with intercrystalline corrosion is obviously faster above the breakdown potential than at the corrosion potential. The results suggest that the crack propagates essentially mechanically. As mechanisms are discussed a crack growth by anodic dissolution of grain boundary precipitates or of zinc- and magnesium-rich grain boundary regions and mechanical seperation of the intermediate regions and propagation by local hydrogen embrittlement of the crack tip.
    Notes: An einer stufenausgelagerten und teilweise zusätzlich stufenabgeschreckten, vollausgehärteten Aluminium-Zink-Magnesium-Legierung wurde der Einfluß der Mikrostruktur und des Elektrodenpotentials auf die Ausbreitungsgeschwindigkeit von Spannungskorrosionsrissen in luftgesättigter 1 M Natriumchlorid-Lösung bei 303 K untersucht. Dabei wurde die Rißfront an einseitig mit einem Schwingungsanriß versehenen, polarisierten Zugflachproben unter konstanter Last mikrofotografisch verfolgt. Die reine Aluminium-Zink-Magnesium Legierung enthielt (Gew.-%): Zink 4,76; Magnesium 3,00; Verunreinigungen 0,08; Rest Aluminium. Die Rißausbreitungsgeschwindigkeit wurde beim Ruhepotential mit dichteren Matrixausscheidungen, schmälerem ausscheidungsfreiem Saum, dem Auftreten von groben T-Korngrenzenausscheidungen und geringerer Empfindlichkeit gegenüber interkristalliner Korrosion schneller. Sie erfolgt nach dem Aussehen der Bruchflächen ohne nennenswerte Metallauflösung. Im Gegensatz zur gegenüber interkristalliner Korrosion unempfindlichen Legierung ist das Rißwachstum in der gegenüber interkristalliner Korrosion anfälligen Legierung oberhalb des Durchbruchpotentials deutlich schneller als beim Ruhepotential. Die Ergebnisse legen eine Rißausbreitung, die im wesentlichen mechanisch erfolgt, nahe. Als Mechanismen werden ein Rißwachstum durch anodische Auflösung der Korngrenzenausscheidungen oder zink- und magnesiumreicher Korngrenzenbereiche und mechanische Trennung der dazwischenliegenden Bereiche und eine Rißausbreitung durch lokale Wasserstoffversprödung der Rißspitze diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 35 (1984), S. 23-27 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Investigations Concerning the Intercrystalline Corrosion and Stress Corrosion Cracking of a Pure AIZnMg 2-Alloy in NaCl-SolutionIn a pure AIZnMg 2-alloy diversified fully step aged or overaged in one step intergranular corrosion (IG) and stress corrosion cracking (SCC) in airsaturated 1 N NaCl-solution or in deaerated 0,1 N NaCl-solution at 303 K were investigated under potentiostatic control. The pure AlZnMg 2-alloy had the following composition (weight percent): Zn: 4.60; Mg: 2.00; Fe: 0.005; Si: 0.006; balance Al.In the two step aged AlZnMg 2-alloys the IG-sensitivity is lowered by an increase of the first step aging time, while SCC-susceptibility and the yield point are raised. As possible mechanism of SCC hydrogen embrittlement is suspectet. At potentials noble to IG-breakdownpotential an interaction of intergranular corrosion and SCC brings about crack velocities, which are to be regarded as a sum of the velocity of intergranular corrosion, which is virtually independent of tensile stress, and the velocity of crack propagation due to SCC.In the overaged AlZnMg 2-alloy IG-attack was observed although in this state of aging no precipitate free zone anodic to the matrix can be assumed. A model to explain this variation of intergranular corrosion, that proofs to be dependent of tensile stress, is represented.
    Notes: Das Verhalten gegenüber interkristalliner Korrosion (IK) und Spannungsrißkorrosion (SpRK) wurde an einer reinen AlZnMg 2-Legierung im vollausgehärteten, unterschiedlich stufenausgelagerten sowie in einem überalterten, warmausgelagerten Zustand unter potentiostatischen Bedingungen in luftgesättigter 1 N NaCl-Lösung bzw in stickstoffgespülter 0,1 N NaCl-Lösung bei 303 K untersucht. Die reine AlZnMg2-Legierung enthielt (Gew-%): Zn: 4,60; Mg: 2,00; Fe: 0,005; Si: 0,006; Rest Al.Bei den stufenausgelagerten Legierungen nehmen mit längerer Zwischenauslagerungsdauer die IK-Empfindlichkeit ab und die SpRK-Empfindlichkeit und die Streckgrenze zu. Als möglicher SpRK-Mechanismus wird die Wasserstoffversprödung vermutet. Bei Versuchen oberhalb des IK-Durchbruchspotentials ergibt ein Zusammenwirken von interkristalliner und Spannungsrißkorrosion Rißgeschwindigkeiten, die als Summe der praktisch zugspannungsunabhängigen Geschwindigkeit der interkristallinen Korrosion und der Geschwindigkeit der Rißausbreitung durch SpRK anzusehen sind.In der überalterten Legierung wurde interkristalline Korrosion gefunden, obwohl in diesem Auslagerungszustand kein gegenüber der Matrix anodischer ausscheidungsfreier Saum (AFS) anzunehmen ist. Es wird ein Modell zur Erklärung dieser sich als zugspannungsabhängig erweisenden Spielart der interkristallinen Korrosion vorgestellt.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 16 (1972), S. 2647-2655 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Attempts have been made to demonstrate the involvement of free radicals in the benzthiazolesulfenamide-accelerated vulcanization of natural rubber. Free radicals were only detected by ESR in reaction mixtures containing the retarder N-nitrosodiphenylamine (NDPA). In addition, NDPA was the only compound found, from the vulcanization accelerator and retarders tested, to affect the free-radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate. A purely ionic mechanism for sulfur vulcanization of natural rubber accelerated by benzthiazolesulfenamide derivatives has therefore been assumed and used to help in the design of new vulcanization retarders. A new class of retarder has been discovered, consisting of hydrocarbylthio derivatives of trisalkylsulfonyl methane. These retarders are believed to be the first vulcanization retarders to act by cleavage of a carbon-sulfur bond.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 329 (1987), S. 811-816 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Organic Electron Conductors and Precursors. V. Synthesis of Poly (organylthio-acetylenes)Poly(bis-organylthio-acetylenes) 2 and poly(mono-organylthio-acetylenes) 3 have been synthesized by complex catalyzed polymerization of the corresponding acetylenes (4 resp. 5). Yields and properties of the polymers 2, 3 depend on reaction conditions, the catalyst and the nature of the acetylenes. Relations between these influence factors are discussed.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Trichloroselenium(+) ; Hexachlorozirconate(2-) ; Hexachlorohafnate(2-) ; Hexachloromolybdate(2-) ; Hexachlororhenate(2-) ; Synthesis ; Crystal structure ; magnetic properties ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The Reaction of SeCl4 with Transition Metal Tetrachlorides. Synthesis and Crystal Structures of (SeCl3)2MCl6 with M = Zr, Hf, Mo, ReThe transition metal tetrachlorides ZrCl4, HfCl4 and MoCl4 react with SeCl4 in closed ampoules at temperatures of 140°C to (SeCl3)2MCl6 (M = Zr, Hf, Mo) which are all isotypic and crystallize in the (SeCl3)2ReCl6 structure type (orthorhombic, Fdd2, Z = 8, lattice constants for M = Zr: a = 1165.7(1)pm, b = 1287.2(2)pm, c = 2180.2(2)pm; for M = Hf: a = 1162.9(2)pm, b = 1285.0(2)pm, c = 2178.2(3)pm; for M = Mo: a = 1153.8(1)pm, b = 1267.7(1)pm, c = 2147.4(2)pm). The Cl- ions form a hexagonal closest packing with one fourth of the octahedral holes filled by Se4+ and M4+ in an ordered way. The MCl6 octahedra are regular, the SeCl6 octahedra are distorted with 3 short and 3 long Se—Cl bonds (mean 215 pm and 287 pm). The structures can thus be regarded as built of SeCl3+ and MCl62- ions. Magnetic susceptibility measurements show for M = Zr the expected diamagnetic behavior, for M = Mo and Re paramagnetic behavior according to the Curie-Weiss law with magnetic moments of 2.5 B. M. for M = Mo and 3.7 B. M. for M = Re corresponding to 2 and 3 unpaired electrons respectivly.
    Notes: Die Übergangsmetalltetrachloride ZrCl4, HfCl4 und MoCl4 reagieren mit SeCl4 in geschlossenen Ampullen bei Temperaturen von 140°C zu (SeCl3)2MCl6 (M = Zr, Hf, Mo), die alle isotyp sind und im (SeCl3)2ReCl6-Typ kristallisieren (orthorhombisch, Fdd2, Z = 8, Gitterkonstanten für M = Zr: a = 1165,7(1)pm, b = 1287,2(2)pm, c = 2180,2(2)pm; für M = Hf: a = 1162,9(2)pm, b = 1285,0(2)pm, c = 2178,2(3)pm; für M = Mo: a = 1153,8(1)pm, b = 1267,7(1)pm, c = 2147,4(2)pm). Die Anionen bilden eine hexagonal dichteste Kugelpackung, in der ein Viertel der Oktaederlücken geordnet von Se4+ und M4+ besetzt ist. Die MCl6-Oktaeder sind regelmäßig, die SeCl6-Oktaeder mit drei kurzen und drei langen Se—Cl-Abständen (im Mittel 215 pm und 287 pm) stark verzerrt. Die Strukturen können damit als aus SeCl3+- und MCl62--Ionen aufgebaut betrachtet werden. Die Messung der magnetischen Suszeptibilität ergibt für (SeCl3)2ZrCl6 den erwarteten Diamagnetismus, für (SeCl3)2MoCl6 und (SeCl3)2ReCl6 paramagnetisches Verhalten nach dem Curie-Weiss-Gesetz und magnetischen Momenten von 2,5 B.M. entsprechend 2 ungepaarten Elektronen für M = Mo und 3,7 B. M. entsprechend 3 ungepaarten Elektronen für M = Re.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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