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  • Newborn infants  (3)
  • Cytochrome abnormalities  (1)
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Peripheral circulation in the newborn: Interaction of peripheral blood flow, blood pressure, blood volume, and blood viscosity (1978)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 129 (1978), S. 73-81 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Schlagwort(e): Blood pressure ; Blood viscosity ; Blood volume ; Newborn infants ; Peripheral blood flow ; Peripheral resistance ; Premature infants ; Respiratory distress
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Peripheral blood flow and systolic blood pressure (strain-gauge plethysmograph), blood volume (Evans blue) and whole blood viscosity (cone-plate viscometer) have been measured in 66 premature and full-term infants 6 to 144h of age. Blood flow and blood volume were moderately decreased in the infants with respiratory distress. Highly significant (P〈0.001) correlations were found betwen blood flow and blood volume (r=0.77), blood pressure and blood volume (r=0.50), peripheral resistance and blood volume (r=-0.44), blood flow and blood pressure (r=0.50), blood flow and peripheral resistance (r=-0.67), peripheral resistance and blood viscosity (r=0.45), and blood viscosity and haematocrit (r=0.86). There was no correlation between peripheral blood flow and blood viscosity. However, at given blood volume, peripheral blood flow decreased with increasing blood viscosity. These results indicate that in newborn infants peripheral blood flow, blood pressure and peripheral resistance are influenced by blood volume, but also depend on blood viscosity.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00442366
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Capillary-venous hematocrit differences in newborn infants (1977)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 127 (1977), S. 9-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Schlagwort(e): Newborn infants ; Blood pressure ; Hematocrit ; Blood volume ; Acid-base status ; Red cell mass ; Peripheral blood flow
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Venous and capillary hematocrit, acid base values, and circulatory parameters were measured simultaneously in 92 newborn infants within six hours of birth. Gestational age ranged from 26 to 41 weeks. The capillary/ venous hematocrit ratio (Hctc/Hctv) was greater than 1.00 in 89 infants. We found significant inverse correlations between Hctc/Hctv and several parameters, such as pH (r=-0.82), standard bicarbonate (r=-0.73), systolic blood pressure (r=-0.51), and peripheral blood flow (r=-0.70). Most of the infants with a Hctc/Hctv of 1.20 and above had red cell mass values of less than 35 ml/kg. However, blood volume apparently did not influence the Hctc/Hctv. Gestational age appeared to affect Hctc/Hctv only before 30 weeks, when compared with the Hctc/Hctv of term infants. Our results indicate that disturbed circulation, and in particular, disturbed microcirculation, is involved in the development of high Hctc/Hctv ratios. We strongly advise that hematocrits obtained by skin prick from a sick newborn infant should not be relied on as they may give misleading information on oxygen carrying capacity to vital organs.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00465560
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The effect of intra-partum and intra-uterine asphyxia on placental transfusion in premature and full-term infants (1978)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 127 (1978), S. 91-99 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Schlagwort(e): Newborn infants ; Premature infants ; Asphyxia ; Caesarean section ; Nuchal cord ; Blood volume ; Red cell mass
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Blood volume and its components were estimated using 125iodinated human serum albumin in 194 newborn infants with 26 to 41 week gestations. Umbilical cords were ligated 15 seconds after vaginal delivery (n=141) and within 5 seconds after delivery by Caesarean section (n=53). The infants were divided into four groups according to the mode of delivery and presence of prenatal complications: group I: vaginal deliveries (n=96) and group II: Caesarean section (n=25) without preceding complications; group III: infants with intra-uterine asphyxia (n=56); group IV: infants with tight umbilical cord loops around neck (n=17). Subgroups were established with respect to gestational age and to one-minute Apgar scores. Significantly different blood volume (BV) and red cell mass (RCM) values between the subgroups were only found in group I with respect to different Apgar scores: Ia Apgar〉5: BV 77.9±6.2; RCM 37.5±5.1 ml/kg; Ib Apgar〈6: BV 70.0±4.4; RCM 29.6±2.9 ml/kg (P〈0.005). Intra-partum asphyxia did not affect BV (71.3±4.8 ml/kg) and RCM (31.2±3.6 ml/kg) in group II. BV and RCM were significantly (P〈0.005) lower than in group Ia. In group III, BV (90.4±7.0 ml/kg) and RCM (46.9±6.3 ml/kg) were significantly (P〈0.005) higher than in group I, irrespective of the mode of delivery and Apgar scores. The infants of group IV had the lowest volumes (BV 67.5±5.7; RCM 27.4±2.7 ml/kg). Values obtained in premature and full-term infants were similar in the respective groups. These results indicate that infants with intra-partum asphyxia and with tight nuchal cords do not participate in placental transfusion or even lose some blood into the placenta. However, infants with intrauterine asphyxia (excepting those with tight nuchal cords) receive marked placental transfusion in utero.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00445764
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A metabolic disorder similar to Zellweger syndrome with hepatic acatalasia and absence of peroxisomes, altered content and redox state of cytochromes, and infantile cirrhosis with hemosiderosis (1977)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 124 (1977), S. 261-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Schlagwort(e): Acatalasia ; Cerebro-hepato-renal syndrome ; Cirrhosis ; Hemochromatosis ; Cytochrome abnormalities ; Peroxisomes ; Mitochondria ; Oxidative phosphorylation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract A patient with a cerebro-hepato-renal syndrome was investigated. The visceral manifestations were those of the Zellweger syndrome (ZS); however, the child exhibited muscular hypertonia and survived into the 2nd year of life. Ultramicroscopically, hepatocytes were lacking peroxisomes, but, contrary to findings in one patient with ZS [2], contained smooth endoplasmic reticulum. No catalase was found by histochemistry or spectroscopy. Mitochondria showed normal succinate and glutamate respiration, and normal coupling of respiration to the phosphorylation potential. The cytochrome (cyt) content was diminished to one-third with an abnormally inversed redox patterns of the respiratory chain in the controlled state, cyt b being 5%, cyt c 23% reduced. The oxygen affinity of cyt a 3 was normal. These findings exclude a defect in the nonheme iron protein region of the respiratory chain as described in ZS [2], but point to a functional abnormality of cyt b in our patient.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00441934
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