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  • Electronic Resource  (15)
  • Inorganic Chemistry  (12)
  • Myosin light chain kinase  (3)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    FEBS Letters 170 (1984), S. 383-386 
    ISSN: 0014-5793
    Keywords: Calmodulin ; Contraction control ; Myosin light chain kinase ; Smooth muscle ; Taenia coli
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0014-5793
    Keywords: Chemically skinned heart fibre ; Myosin light chain kinase ; P-light chain ; Phosphorylation
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Myosin light chain kinase ; Vasodilator drugs ; Fendiline ; Nifedipine ; Verapamil
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. Renal arteries from rabbits were chemically skinned by incubation with Triton X-100, and subsequently stored in buffered glycerol. 2. In the presence of Mg-ATP, of EGTA-buffered calcium, and of calmodulin, miniature strips of the skinned arteries developed tension the strength of which was approx. 15–20% of that of viable renal arteries. 3. Tension development was dependent on the concentration of both calcium and calmodulin. 4. The effect of eight vasodilator drugs, the majority of them being “calmodulin antagonists” or “calcium antagonists”, on the skinned arteries was assessed. In concentrations up to 10−3 M, verapamil, D-600, and hydralazine proved to be ineffective, and the same was found with the dihydropyridine derivatives, nifedipine and felodipine, at 0.6×10−3 M and 0.8×10−4 M, respectively, i.e. at saturation in a 9∶1 contracting buffer/ethanol mixture (v/v). 5. In a concentration-dependent manner, trifluoperazine, W-7, and fendiline relaxed Ca-calmodulin-induced tension or prevented tension development when given prior to the activation by Ca-calmodulin. However, considerably higher concentrations of the drugs were necessary for half-maximal relaxation than the reported concentrations for half-maximal saturation of hydrophobic binding sites at the calmodulin molecule. 6. These findings suggest that at therapeutic blood levels, the vasodilator properties of calcium antagonists and other direct vasodilators cannot be explained by interference with the binding of myosin light chain kinase to calmodulin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 534 (1986), S. 7-12 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Preparation and Structure of N,N′-DithioformylanilineN,N′-dithioformylaniline was prepared by treating N,N′-dichlormethylaniline [1] with silicon disulfide [2]. The compound is characterized by the results of a X-ray structural analysis (RW = 0.030) as well as its nmr and vibration spectra. N,N′-dithioformylaniline crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group P21212 with a = 537.0(2); b = 745.7(3); c = 1111.5(4) pm; V = 445.1(3) · 106 pm3. The molecule consists of two planar parts; the angle between the plane of the aromatic ring and the plane of the N,N′-dithioformylamino group was determined to 87.7°.
    Notes: N,N′-Dithioformylanilin konnte durch Umsetzung von N,N′-Dichlormethylanilin [1] mit Siliciumdisulfid [2] dargestellt werden. Die Verbindung ist durch die Ergebnisse einer Röntgenstrukturanalyse (RW = 0,030) sowie ihre NMR- und Schwingungsspektren charakterisiert. N,N′-Dithioformylanilin kristallisiert orthorhombisch in der Raumgruppe P21212 mit Z = 2 und a = 537,0(2); b = 745,7(3); c = 1111,5(4) pm; V = 445,1(3) · 106 pm3. Das Molekül weist zwei planare Bauteile auf; der Winkel zwischen der Ebene des Aromaten und der durch die N,N′-Dithioformylaminogruppe gelegten Ebene wurde zu 87,7° bestimmt.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 534 (1986), S. 13-18 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Crystal and Molecular Structure of N,N′-DiformylanilineN,N′-diformylaniline crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/n with Z = 8 and a = 856.1(2), b = 1277.6(3), c = 1306.1(3) pm, β 92.29(2)°, V = 1427.4(5) · 106 pm3. As shown by X-ray structure determination (2642 symmetry independent reflections, RW = 0.034) the molecule exists in two enantiomeric forms. The molecular structure can be described by two planes; the angle between the plane of the aromatic ring and the plane of the N,N′-diformylamino group is 70.1 resp. 108.3°. The results are compared with those obtained for other derivats.
    Notes: N,N′-Diformylanilin kristallisiert monoklin in der Raumgruppe P21/n mit Z = 8 und a = 856,1(2); b = 1277,6(3); c = 1306,1(3) pm; β = 92,29(2)°; V = 1427,4(5) · 106 pm3. Nach den Ergebnissen der Röntgenstrukturanalyse (2642 symmetrieunabhängige Reflexe; RW = 0,034) existiert das Molekül in zwei enatiomeren Formen. Die Molekülstruktur kann durch zwei Ebenen beschrieben werden; der Winkel zwischen der Ebene des Aromaten und der durch die N,N′-Diformylaminogruppe gelegten Ebene beträgt 70,1 bzw. 108,3°. Die Ergebnisse werden mit denen anderer Derivate verglichen.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Studies on Oxide Catalysts. XXV. Catalytic Activity and Aging Properties of Modified Mordenites in the Cracking of n-OctaneMeH-mordenites (Me = Li, K, Mg, Ca, Ba) were prepared by ion exchange starting with H-mordenite (SiO2/Al2O3 mole ratio = 14). To characterize these samples the cracking of n-octane was used as catalytic test reaction. Surface OH groups and the adsorption of NH3 on these samples were investigated by i. r. spectroscopy. Unaffected by the kind of the exchanged cation the Brönsted acidity of the H-mordenite decreases monotonously with increasing content of the incorporated cation. The catalytic activity and (to a much higher degree) the rate of deactivation by coking during the reaction decrease as the Brönsted acidity decreases. The strong dependence of the Brönsted acidity on the deactivation rate points to a multi-site mechanism of the coking process.
    Notes: MeH-Mordenite (Me = Li, K, Mg, Ca, Ba) wurden ausgehend von einem H-Mordenit (Molverhältnis SiO2/Al2O3 = 14) durch Ionenaustausch hergestellt. Als Testreaktion zur Katalytischen Charakterisierung diente die n-Octanspaltung. IR-spektroskopisch wurden die OH-Oberflächengruppen und die Adsorption von NH3 an den Proben untersucht. Unabhängig von der Art des eingetauschten Kations sinkt die Brönsted-Acidität des H-Mordenits monoton mit steigendem Gehalt an den eingetauschten Kationen. Die katalytische Aktivität und (im weit Stärkeren Maße) die Desaktivierungsgeschwindigkeit (infolge „Verkokens“ während der Reaktion) sinken symbat mit der Brönsted-Acidität. Die starke Abhängigkeit der Geschwindigkeit der Desaktivierung von der Brönsted-Acidität weist auf einen Mehrzentrenmechanismus für die Verkokung hin.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Hydroxide Groups on Zeolites. II. Number and Properties of Hydroxide Groups on CeNaY and HNaY Zeolites of Different Exchange DegreeThe number of hydroxide groups on CeNaY and HNaY zeolites was examined by D2 exchange, and their properties in dependence of the cation exchange degrees were studied by IR spectroscopy. On CeNaY zeolites there exist six kinds and on HNaY zeolites at least seven kinds of hydroxide groups.On the CeNaY zeolites, the hydroxide groups are produced by dissociative chemisorption of water on Ce3+ ions. Their total number increases continuously with increasing exchange degree. Some of the hydroxide groups are acid BRÖNSTED centers whose number increases with increasing exchange degree and decreases with the temperature of preheating increasing to about 600°C.On the HNaY zeolites, the hydroxide groups are produced by thermal decomposition of the NH+4 ions, by dealumination and interaction of the Al3+ ions produced in this way in the place of cations with water. Above the threshold value of 35% the total number of the hydroxide groups increases very rapidly with increasing exchange degree. One part of the hydroxide groups decreasing with increasing exchange degree acts as acid BRÖNSTED centers. The number of these centers does not decrease until at preheating temperatures above 450°C.
    Notes: An CeNaY- und HNaY-Zeolithen wurden durch D2-Austausch die Zahl und infrarotspektroskopisch die Eigenschaften der Hydroxidgruppen in Abhängigkeit vom Kationenaustauschgrad untersucht. Es existieren an CeNaY-sechs Arten und an HNaY-Zeolithen mindestens sieben Arten von Hydroxidgruppen.An den CeNaY-Zeolithen entstehen die Hydroxidgruppen durch dissoziative Chemisorption von Wasser an Ce3+-Ionen. Ihre Gesamtzahl wächst kontinuierlich mit steigendem Austauschgrad. Einige der Hydroxidgruppen sind saure BRÖNSTED-Zentren, deren Zahl mit steigendem Austauschgrad wächst und mit steigender Vorerhitzungstemperatur bis etwa 600°C sinkt.An den HNaY-Zeolithen entstehen die Hydroxidgruppen durch thermische Zersetzung der eingetauschten NH+4-Ionen und mit wachsendem Austauschgrad zunehmend durch das Herauslösen von Gitteraluminium und Wechselwirkung der so entstehenden Al3+-Ionen auf Kationenplätzen mit Wasser. Die Gesamtzahl der Hydroxidgruppen wächst oberhalb des Schwellenwertes von 35% sehr stark mit steigendem Austauschgrad an. Ein mit steigendem Austauschgrad abnehmender Anteil der Hydroxidgruppen wirkt als saure BRÖNSTED-Zentren, deren Zahl erst bei Vorerhitzungstemperaturen oberhalb von 450°C abnimmt.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Studies on Oxide Catalysts. XXVIII. Influence of Pretreatment on Catalytic Properties of Zeolites NiNaY and NiCoNaYThe influence of the pretreatment conditions on the acidic properties, the reduction degree of nickel, and the catalytic activity and selectivity of zeolites NiNaY and NiCoNaY in the alkylation of benzene with ethylene has been investigated.From the experimental results can be concluded that sec. buthylbenzene from benzene and ethylene is only formed on zeolite samples which contain both together BRÖNSTED acidic centres and Ni2+ cations or NiO. Catalysts which contain only metallic nickel are inactive for this reaction. Catalysts with nickel in different forms are active in the formation of ethylbenzene, diethylbenzene, butane and sec. buthylbenzene, the yields depending on the relation of Ni°, Ni2+, and NiO. Changing this relation makes possible to regulate the selectivity in the alkylation of benzene with ethylene.
    Notes: An NiNaY- und NiCoNaY-Zeolithproben wird der Einfluß der Aktivierungsbedingungen auf die aciden Eigenschaften, den Reduktionsgrad des sowie die katalytische Aktivität und Selektivität bei der Alkylierung des Benzols mit Äthylen untersucht.Die Ergebnisse führen zu dem Schluß, daß sec. Butylbenzol aus Benzol und Äthylen nur an den Zeolithproben gebildet wird, die neben Brönsted-sauren Zentren Ni2+ -Kationen oder eine NiO-Phase enthalten. Katalysatoren, die alles Nickel in Form von Metall enthalten, sind für diese Reaktion inaktiv. An Proben, die das Nickel in verschiedener Form enthalten, bilden sich Äthybenzol, Diäthylbenzol, Butene und sec. Butylbenzol, und ihre Ausbeuten hängen vom Ni°/Ni2+/NiO-Verhältnis ab. Mit der Veränderung dieser Größe kann man die Selektivität bei der Alkylierung von Benzol mit Äthylen regulieren.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Studies on Oxide Catalysts. XXIX. Spectroscopic and Catalytic Investigations on Ni2+-, Co2+-, Cr3+-, and Cu2+-exchanged MordenitesNiNaM, CoNaM, CrNaM und CuNaM (M = Mordenite) have been characterized by UV-VIS, EPR and i.r. spectroscopy and the results were compared with the catalytic activity and the activity-time-dependence in the cracking of n-octane and with the shape selectivity in the cracking of a n-octane and isooctane mixture. Water molecules acting as ligands of the exchanged cations are able to dissociate yielding Brönsted acidity. Brönsted sites may be regarded as catalytic active centers in the cracking reaction. Unreduced transition metal cations facilitate the “coking” of the mordenite.The unreduced chromium and cobalt cations for which a position within the main channel is expected, affect the diffusion of the branched paraffin molecule thus increasing shape selectivity.
    Notes: NiNaM, CoNaM, CrNaM und CuNaM (M = Mordenit) wurden durch UV-VIS-Spektroskopie, EPR- und IR-Untersuchungen charakterisiert und die erhaltenen Ergebnisse mit der katalytischen Aktivität und dem Aktivitäts-Zeit-Verhalten dieser Proben bei der Spaltung von n-Octan und der Formselektivität in der Spaltung eines Gemisches von n/iso-Octan verglichen. Wassermolekeln als Liganden der eingetauschten Kationen können dissoziieren und so einen Beitrag zur Brönsted-Acidität liefern. Die Brönsted-Zentren können als katalytisch aktive Zentren in der Spaltreaktion angesehen werden. Nichtreduzierte Übergangsmetallkationen vergrößern die Neigung des Mordenits zum „Verkoken“ wesentlich. Die nichtreduzierten Co2+- und Cr3+-Kationen, für die eine Position im Hauptkanal angenommen werden kann, wirken als zusätzliche Diffusionsbremse auf die verzweigte Paraffinmolekel und erhöhen die Formselektivität des Mordenits.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Hydroxide Groups on Zeolites. I. Number and Properties of Hydroxide Groups on CaNaY and MgNaY Zeolites of Different Degree of Ion ExchangeThe number of hydroxide groups was studied on CaNaY and MgNaY zeolites by D2 exchange in dependence on the degree of exchange, and their properties were examined by infrared spectroscopy. At these zeolites there exist five types of hydroxide groups which differ by their concentration, their acidic strength, and their thermal stability. The OH-groups are produced mainly by dissociative chemisorption of water at the bivalent cations. The concentration of OH groups shows a characteristic dependence on the degree of ion exchange. There are OH groups which are strongly acid BRÖNSTED centers, capable of protonisation of pyridine, and others which are only capable of weak interactions with pyridine. The number of the acid BRÖNSTED centers increases with the degree of ion exchange analogous to the total number of the hydroxide groups and is highly dependent on the species of the cations exchanged and on the preheating temperature. Compared with CaNaY zeolites, MgNaY zeolites posess a greater number of hydroxide groups which are thermally more stable.
    Notes: An CaNaY- und MgNaY-Zeolithen wurden in Abhängigkeit vom Austauschgrad durch D2-Austausch die Zahl und infrarotspektroskopisch die Eigenschaften der Hydroxidgruppen untersucht. Es existieren an diesen Zeolithen fünf Arten von Hydroxidgruppen, die sich in ihrer Konzentration, ihrer Säurestärke und ihrer thermischen Stabilität unterscheiden. Die OH-Gruppen entstehen vorwiegend durch dissoziative Chemisorption von Wasser an den zweiwertigen Kationen. Die Konzentration der OH-Gruppen hängt charakteristisch vom Austauschgrad ab. Es gibt OH-Gruppen, die stark saure BRÖNSTED-Zentren sind und Pyridin protoisieren können, und solche, die nur schwache Wechselwirkung mit Pyridin eingehen können. Die Zahl der sauren BRÖNSTED-Zentren steigt analog der Gesamtzahl der Hydroxidgruppen mit dem Austauschgrad an, sie hängt von der Art der eingetauschten Kationen und der Vorerhitzungstemperatur stark ab. MgNaY-Zeolithe besitzen mehr und thermisch stabilere Hydroxidgruppen als CaNaY-Zeolithe.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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