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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential immunocytochemical staining for glial fibrillary acidic (GFA) protein, S-100 protein and glutamine synthetase in the rat subcommissural organ, nonspecialized ventricular ependyma and adjacent neuropil (1986)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 245 (1986), S. 343-351 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Subcommissural organ ; Ependyma ; Astrocytes ; Immunocytochemistry ; Glial fibrillary acidic (GFA) protein ; S-100 protein ; Glutamine synthetase ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Antibodies raised against glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFA), S-100 protein (S100) and glutamine synthetase (GS) are currently used as glial markers. The distribution of GFA, S100 and GS in the ependyma of the rat subcommissural organ (SCO), as well as in the adjacent nonspecialized ventricular ependyma and neuropil of the periaqueductal grey matter, was studied by use of the immunocytochemical peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique. In the neuropil, GFA, S100 and GS were found in glial elements, i.e., in fibrous (GFA, S100) and protoplasmic astrocytes (S100, GS). The presence of S100 in the majority of the ventricular ependymal cells and tanycytes, and the presence of GFA in a limited number of ventricular ependymal cells and tanycytes confirm the glial nature of these cells. The absence of S100, GFA and GS from the ependymocytes of the SCO, which are considered to be modified ependymal cells, suggests either a non-astrocytic lineage of these cells or an extreme specialization of the SCO-cells as glycoprotein-synthesizing and secreting elements, a process that may have led to the disappearance of the glial markers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00213941
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carotid atherosclerosis and cerebral white matter lesions in a population based magnetic resonance imaging study (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 247 (2000), S. 291-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Key words Leukoaraiosis ; Aged ; Atherosclerosis ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Carotid artery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Cerebral white matter lesions are frequently observed on magnetic resonance imaging of elderly, nondemented persons. There is evidence that white matter lesions are involved in the pathophysiology of cognitive decline and dementia. White matter lesions can be divided into those in the periventricular and those in the subcortical region. Pathological and epidemiological studies suggest that atherosclerosis is involved in the pathogenesis of these lesions. Our study reports on the association between atherosclerosis in the carotid arteries and white matter lesions in a population-based study among 1077 elderly subjects. We randomly sampled 1077 subjects aged between 60–90 years from two prospective population-based studies. All subjects underwent ultrasonography of the carotid artery. In addition, 1.5 T magnetic resonance imaging was performed; white matter lesions in the subcortical and periventricular regions were rated separately. With increasing number of plaques in the carotid artery the severity of periventricular white matter lesions increased (P trend = 0.03), but not the severity of subcortical white matter lesions (P trend = 0.19). In addition, an increase in intima media thickness was borderline significantly associated with an increased severity of periventricular white matter lesions (P trend = 0.09), but not of subcortical white matter lesions (P trend = 0.68). These findings suggest that partly dissimilar pathogenetic mechanisms are involved in the etiology of periventricular and subcortical white matter lesions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004150050586
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MRI after successful lumbar discectomy (1996)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 38 (1996), S. S90 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Spine ; Intervertebral discs ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Spinal surgery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Our aim was to establish the normal range of MRI findings after successful lumbar discectomy. We prospectively examined 34 consecutive patients with an excellent clinical outcome by MRI 6 weeks and 6 months after surgery. All examinations included sagittal and axial spin-echo (SE) T1-weighted images before and after intravenous gadolinium-DTPA and fast SE T2-weighted images. Contrast enhancement along the surgical tract was seen in all patients 6 weeks and 6 months after surgery. After 6 months minimal or no mass effect on the dural sac by epidural scar was seen. In 20 % of patients there was recurrent disc herniation, with mass effect. Enhancing nerve roots were seen in 20 % of patients 6 weeks postoperatively, and half of these were associated with recurrent disc herniation at the same side. None of these patients still showed nerve root enhancement 6 months after surgery. Postoperative MRI studies must be interpreted with great care since the features described in the failed back surgery syndrome are also found, to some extent, in asymptomatic postoperative patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002340050929
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MRI after successful lumbar discectomy (1996)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 38 (1996), S. S90 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Spine ; Intervertebral discs ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Spinal surgery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Our aim was to establish the normal range of MRI findings after successful lumbar discectomy. We prospectively examined 34 consecutive patients with an excellent clinical outcome by MRI 6 weeks and 6 months after surgery. All examinations included sagittal and axial spin-echo (SE) T1-weighted images before and after intravenous gadolinium-DTPA and fast SE T2-weighted images. Contrast enhancement along the surgical tract was seen in all patients 6 weeks and 6 months after surgery. After 6 months minimal or no mass effect on the dural sac by epidural scar was seen. In 20% of patients there was recurrent disc herniation, with mass effect. Enhancing nerve roots were seen in 20% of patients 6 weeks postoperatively, and half of these were associated with recurrent disc herniation at the same side. None of these patients still showed nerve root enhancement 6 months after surgery. Postoperative MRI studies must be interpreted with great care since the features described in the failed back surgery syndrome are also found, to some extent, in asymptomatic postoperative patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02278130
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic resonance imaging of cor triatriatum (1988)
    Springer
    Pediatric cardiology 9 (1988), S. 149-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1971
    Keywords: Cor triatriatum ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Phase display
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Magnetic resonance imaging utilizing spin echo sequences was used to demonstrate cor triatriatum in an 18-year-old boy. Phase map images aided the diagnosis by demonstrating the presence of slowly flowing blood in the accessory atrial chamber. Magnetic resonance is an excellent modality for the noninvasive diagnosis of cor triatriatum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02080555
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Environmental modulation of the response to amphetamine: dissociation between changes in behavior and changes in dopamine and glutamate overflow in the rat striatal complex (2000)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 151 (2000), S. 166-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Keywords Novelty ; Context ; Environment ; Stress ; 6-OHDA ; Rotational behavior ; Striatum ; Nucleus accumbens shell ; Caudate ; Amphetamine ; Dopamine ; Glutamate ; Aspartate ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Rationale: We have previously shown that environmental novelty enhances the behavioral activating effects of amphetamine and amphetamine-induced expression of the immediate early gene c-fos in the striatal complex, particularly in the most caudal portion of the caudate. In contrast, we found no effect of novelty on the ability of amphetamine to induce dopamine (DA) overflow in the rostral caudate or in the core of the nucleus accumbens. Objectives: The twofold aim of the present study was to determine the effect of environmental novelty on (1) amphetamine-induced DA overflow in the shell of the nucleus accumbens and in the caudal portions of the caudate, and (2) glutamate and aspartate overflow in the caudal portions of the caudate. Methods: Two groups of rats with a unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesion of the mesostriatal dopaminergic system received amphetamine (0.5 mg/kg, i.v.) in physically identical cages. For one group, the cages were also the home environment, whereas, for the other group, they were a completely novel environment. In vivo microdialysis was used to estimate DA, glutamate, and aspartate concentrations. Results: Environmental novelty enhanced amphetamine-induced rotational behavior (experiments 1–3) but did not alter amphetamine-induced DA overflow in either the shell of the nucleus accumbens (experiment 1) or the caudate (experiment 2). In addition, the ability of environmental novelty to enhance amphetamine-induced behavioral activation was not associated with changes in glutamate or aspartate efflux in the caudate (experiment 3). Conclusions: The present data indicate that the psychomotor activating effects of amphetamine can be modulated by environmental context independent of its primary neuropharmacological actions in the striatal complex.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002139900359
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spontaneous neuronal firing patterns in fetal rat cortical networks during development in vitro: a quantitative analysis (1987)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 69 (1987), S. 43-52 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Spike train analysis ; Spontaneous activity ; Primary culture ; Neuronal development ; Occipital cortex ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The development of spontaneous bioelectric activity (SBA) was studied in dissociated occipital cortex cultures prepared from 19 day old rat fetuses. All cultures, recorded one per diem from 5 to 33 days in vitro (div), showed SBA. Computer analysis of 76 extracellularly recorded single unit spike trains was carried out after selection on the basis of stationarity criteria. Statistically significant developmental trends were found in (i) interspike interval dependencies and (ii) fluctuations in mean firing rate, on the order of a minute or longer. The highly dependent firing patterns, including stereotyped bursting, were present mostly in the 9–12 div group, whereas minute-to-minute fluctuations in the intensity of firing were considerably more pronounced in the oldest group (22–33 div) than in the younger cultures. In addition, firing categories defined on the basis of factor-analysis revealed that such fluctuations were almost exclusively to be found in neurons which fired in a pronounced ‘burst’, rather than a relatively continuous fashion. Only a few mature appearing synaptic structures were observed electron microscopically prior to 12 div, but increased steadily in number thereafter. No cultures prior to 14 div, but all cultures older than this, stained positively for the presence of glutamic acid decarboxylase. An extensive immunoreactive, putative GABAergic, network was present by three weeks in vitro.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00247027
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Autoradiographic demonstration of gastrin binding sites in rat gastric mucosa
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Peptides 8 (1987), S. 391-398 
    Details
    ISSN: 0196-9781
    Keywords: Autoradiography ; Chief cell ; Fundus ; Gastrin ; Generative zone ; Parietal cell ; Rat ; Stomach
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0196-9781(87)90116-1
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An unusual presentation of congenital infantile myofibromatosis arising from the interspinous ligament (1998)
    Springer
    Pediatric surgery international 14 (1998), S. 138-139 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Key words Myofibromatosis ; Fibromatosis ; Soft-tissue tumor ; Interspinous ligament ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The authors describe an extremely rare presentation of congenital infantile myofibromatosis. A full-term newborn boy presented with a thumb-sized subcutaneous mass on the mid-spinal line between the 2nd and 3rd lumbar spinous processes. A solid tumor arising from the interspinous ligament was resected. Microscopic and immunohistochemical studies revealed myofibromatosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003830050463
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cell deletion by apoptosis during regression of rat parotid sialadenosis (1995)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 427 (1995), S. 181-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Isoproterenol ; Apoptosis ; Rat ; Parotid ; Sialadenosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Enlargement of the rat parotid salivary glands was induced by repeated administration of isoproterenol. Mean wet weights of the treated glands increased steadily to 240% of control values. Following withdrawal of the drug, quantitative histological techniques were used to investigate the balance between hypertrophy, hyperplasia and apoptosis. The volume occupied by acinar cells relative to the total gland volume together with cytoplasmic|:|nuclear area ratios as measures of hypertrophy increased during the early experimental period. Similarly, serous acinar cell mitotic counts increased, indicating that hyperplasia had occurred. Apoptosis was demonstrated at light microscopical level to be the main mechanism for cell deletion as the glands returned to normal size and weight. The results indicate that hypertrophy and hyperplasia of serous acinar cells contribute to isoproterenol-induced sialadenosis. The experimental animal model demonstrates that these proliferative changes are completed by 48 h and thereafter are balanced by apoptosis as the glands recover their normal size and weight.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00196524
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