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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Decision-making on social assistance in major cities in Sweden (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of social welfare 2 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2397
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Sociologie
    Notizen: It is desirable to strive for uniformity in decisions on social assistance. By presenting hypothetical new clients to social workers and asking for decisions, we investigated the occurrence of lack of agreement in decision-making. Surveys were made in Stockholm, Göteborg and Malmö. The results demonstrated variation in the assessment of applications for social assistance between the cities as well as within parts of the same city and between individual social workers in the same office. The reasons for these variations are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2397.1993.tb00039.x
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Immigrants in Sweden's labour market during the 1980s (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of social welfare 3 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2397
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Sociologie
    Notizen: Using a new database, we studied the earnings of people born outside Sweden and those born in Sweden who were living in Sweden from 1978 to 1990. The results show that relative earnings of people born outside Sweden deteriorated. This is not only caused by an increasing proportion of immigrants from countries outside Europe but also by a deteriorating situation on the labour market for immigrants born in the Nordic countries or in other European countries.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2397.1994.tb00072.x
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Gut mucosal uptake and retention characteristics contribute to the high intestinal selectivity of budesonide compared with prednisolone in the rat (2001)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 15 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Budesonide and prednisolone are both effective for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease, but budesonide produces fewer adverse systemic effects. High first-pass hepatic inactivation of budesonide partially explains its favourable ratio between topical and systemic activity, but it is probable that its uptake and retention in intestinal target tissues are also contributory.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Aim:To compare the uptake and retention of radio-labelled budesonide and prednisolone in rat ileal mucosa in vivo.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Methods: 3H-Budesonide and 3H-prednisolone were applied for 10 min directly to a perfused segment of rat ileum in vivo, followed by saline lavage every 10 min. Steroid uptake into the mucosa and submucosa was assessed at 20 min and 4 h. The uptake of budesonide was also measured in allergen-challenged animals vs. saline-challenged controls to assess whether inflammation of the mucosa with ongoing plasma exudation would impair its uptake.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉Results:Budesonide was better absorbed into ileal tissue (15-fold at 20 min) than prednisolone and better retained (50-fold at 4 h) after topical administration. The uptake of budesonide was not impaired by exudation processes following allergen challenge.〈section xml:id="abs1-5"〉〈title type="main"〉Conclusions:The higher uptake and retention characteristics of budesonide in gut mucosa should contribute to its greater intestinal selectivity compared with that of prednisolone.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2001.01129.x
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Dentistry (1958)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Medicine 9 (1958), S. 443-450 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4219
    Quelle: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Thema: Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.me.09.020158.002303
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Onset Characteristics of Long-Term Potentiation in the Guinea-Pig Hippocampal CA1 Region in Vitro (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 1 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: The temporal development of long-term potentiation (LTP) was examined in the CA1 region of the hippocampal slice preparation (bath temperature 30°C). LTP was evoked by a single brief afferent tetanus (3–40 impulses at 50 Hz) given in the presence of picrotoxin (to facilitate LTP induction). Short-lasting potentiation processes unrelated to LTP were excluded by comparing the potentiation obtained in picrotoxin solution with that obtained in normal solution or in the presence of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist 2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate. LTP was also evoked by pairing single test volleys with brief (2–3 impulses) heterosynaptic tetani in picrotoxin solution. Both methods showed no significant rise of LTP until about 3 s after the induction event. LTP thereafter developed almost linearly towards a peak within 20–25 s after the tetanus, the time course being practially independent of the induction method and of the relative amount of LTP evoked. The latency and rise time of LTP depended on bath temperature, being about twice as long at 25°C as at 30°C. Following the peak, LTP rapidly decayed to less than half its peak value in 8 min, the decay tending to be less with longer trains. The LTP component reaching its peak 20–25 s after a tetanus was practically occluded after a saturating homosynaptic tetanization, and was only partially recovered 1 h afterwards. The latency to the onset of LTP suggests an indirect coupling between the calcium influx, presumed to trigger the potentiation, and the expression of LTP. The independence of the early time course with respect to the induction strength indicates that the intervening system(s) operates in a linear manner.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.1989.tb00803.x
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Long-term Depression in the Hippocampal CA1 Region is Associated with Equal Changes in AMPA and NMDA Receptor-mediated Synaptic Potentials (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 6 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: In the CA1 hippocampal region low-frequency (1-2 Hz) afferent activation leads to a long-term depression of excitatory synaptic potentials that is induced by calcium influx through postsynaptic N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor channels. In the present experiments using 2- to 3-week-old rats, long-term depressions of field excitatory postsynaptic potentials mediated by amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) and by N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor channels were examined in parallel, using a perfusion solution containing low concentrations of an AMPA receptor antagonist and of magnesium (0.1 mM). These experiments revealed that long-term depression was associated with equal relative changes in the two components of the field potential, compatible with a presynaptic location of the expression mechanism for the long-term depression.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.1994.tb00600.x
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Toluene diisocyanate produces an increase in airway tone that outlasts the inflammatory exudation phase (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 21 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Toluene diisocyanate (TDI) is a causative agent in occupational asthma. Through an oral catheter TDI, 0·03 μl, dissolved in 0·02 ml olive oil. was superfused on the tracheobronchial mucosa of anaesthetized guinea-pigs. TDI induced plasma exudation into both airway tissue and lumen (peak effect: 5 hr; duration ∼ 17 hr). Light microscopy examinations demonstrated that the epithelium was not disrupted by this process (and that microvessels are abundant just beneath the epithelium). At days 6 and 21 after exposure to TDI PAS-positive cells were increased, but no other histological alterations were found. Also, the occurrence of peptide-containing nerve fibres was not altered by TDI. After TDI-exposure the airway smooth muscle tone was elevated as examined in vitro at base-line and at concentration-response to carbachol. The largest increases in tone were recorded 21 days after exposure to TDI. The abnormally large tone was not associated with an increased thickness of the smooth muscle layer nor was it associated with reduced effects of either β2-agonist (terbutaline) or xanthine- (theophylline) relaxants. It is concluded that TDI-induced plasma exudation into guinea-pig airways occurs for 17 hr without disrupting the epithehal lining and without causing major changes in the airway peptidergic innervation. Both the airway tone, and the number of mucous cells, are increased for at least 3 weeks after exposure to TDI.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1991.tb03201.x
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Airway permeability (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 25 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1995.tb00022.x
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Plasma exudation as a first line respiratory mucosal defence (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 21 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: A great variety of provocations of the airway mucosa produce extravasation of plasma from the abundant subepithelial microvessels. A plasma exudate has important actions through its volume, its specific and unspecific binding proteins, its enzyme systems, and its potent peptides (of kinin. complement, coagulation, fibrinolysis and other systems). If allowed to operate on the surface of an intact mucosa the plasma exudale would have important roles in normal airway defence. Recent observations in guinea-pig tracheo-bronchial airways and in human nasal airways suggest that the mucosal exudation of plasma into the airway lumen is a non-injurious fully reversible process. Threshold exudative responses thus resulted in the appearance of an ‘unfiltered’ plasma exudate not only in the lamina propria but also on the surface of an undisrupted mucosa. Even after extensive luminal entry of exudate the epithelial lining was intact, as judged by light, fluorescence and electron microscopy. Hence, the epithelial barrier was reversibly permeable when approached from beneath by the plasma exudate. This was a distinct increase in outward permeability, because even during the exudation of plasma the mucosa remained a barrier to luminal solutes. It is possible that the exudate itself, by a slight compressive action on the basolateral aspect of epithelial cells, creates intercellular pathways for its entry into the lumen. Contrary to current beliefs, we propose that plasma exudation should be considered a first line respiratory defence mechanism operating together with other systems of the mucosal surface.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1991.tb00799.x
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Numerical solution of a PDE system describing a catalytic converter
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Computational Physics 27 (1978), S. 295-314 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9991
    Quelle: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Thema: Informatik , Physik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9991(78)90012-8
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