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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Light- and electron microscopic investigations on the median eminence of the pigeon after TSH and PTU treatment (1972)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 134 (1972), S. 337-349 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Median eminence of birds ; Thyrotrop function ; Neurosecretion ; Light-and electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary 1. The effects of TSH and PTU treatment with thyroid stimulating hormone and propylthiouracil on the structure of median eminence of the pigeon have been studied by light- and electron microscopy. 2. By light microscopy it has been found that the aldehydefuchsin positive material of the external layers of the anterior median eminence differs functionally from that of the neural lobe. 3. The light- and electron microscopic investigations revealed that the anterior and posterior median eminence differ both structurally and functionally. Specifically after the experimental interventions the considerable reaction can be observed only in the anterior median eminence. 4. Electron microscopically it appears possible that the aldehyde-fuchsin positive material of the anterior median eminence may be associated with the 1200–1500 Å—size granules. 5. The quantitative changes observed in the granular composition after the treatments show a close correlation with thyroid function, namely after treatment with thyroid stimulating hormone the relative quantity of the 1200–1500 Å—size granules increases markedly, while administration of propylthiouracil has the opposite effect and increases the relative quantity of the 1000 Å—size dense-core vesicles. They presumably may play a role in the control of TSH-secretion.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307170
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Catecholaminergic innervation of muscles in the hindgut of crustaceans (1978)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 189 (1978), S. 257-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Neuromuscular junction ; Hindgut ; Crustacea ; Catecholamine ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The crustacean species Pacifastacus leniusculus and Gammarus pulex were investigated by electron microscopy in a search for possible neuromuscular junctions in the hindgut, which has a rich supply of catecholaminergic fibres. True neuromuscular synapses were found in both species between nerve terminals containing dense-core vesicles (80–110 nm in diam.) and muscle fibres. We suggest that the dense-core vesicle terminals contain a catecholamine, and this is supported by ultrahistochemical tests for monoamines. Two types of junctions are found: one in which the nerve terminal is embedded in the muscle cell (both species) and one in which protrusions from the muscle cell meet nerve terminals (Pacifastacus). Gammarus pulex, which has only circular muscles in the hindgut, has only catecholaminergic innervation, whereas Pacifastacus leniusculus has circular and longitudinal muscles both with at least two types of innervation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00209275
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    GABA-like immunoreactivity in a common inhibitory neuron of the antennal motor system of crickets (1990)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 260 (1990), S. 349-354 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Antennae ; Motoneurons ; Immunocytochemistry ; Cobalt labelling ; GABA ; Gryllus bimaculatus (Insecta)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary In crickets, a deutocerebral motoneuron sends axon collaterals to 6 of the 7 antennal muscles. Previous results indicated that this neuron exerts inhibition on these muscles and thus may be a common inhibitory motoneuron. In our present study, we show by doublelabelling, i.e. retrograde cobalt-filling and GABA-immunocytochemistry, that this neuron is GABA-immunoreactive, thus demonstrating that one common inhibitory motoneuron is part of the antennal motor system of crickets.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00318637
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Morphology and central synaptic connections of the efferent neurons innervating the crayfish hindgut (1988)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 254 (1988), S. 369-379 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Hindgut efferents ; Synapses ; HRP labeling ; Orconectes limosus (Crustacea)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The distribution, morphology and synaptic connections of the hindgut efferent neurons in the last (sixth) abdominal ganglion of the crayfish, Orconectes limosus, have been investigated using light and electron microscopy in conjunction with retrograde cobalt/nickel and HRP labeling through the intestinal nerve. The hindgut efferent neurons occur singly and in clusters, and are unipolar. Their axonal projections are uniform and consist of a thick primary neurite with typical lateral projections and limited arborization of varicose fibers in the ganglionic neuropil. They also send lower order axon processes to the ganglionic neural sheath, where they arborize profusely, forming a network of varicose fibers. The majority of the efferent neurons project to the anterior part of the hindgut. HRP-labeled axon profiles are found in both pre- and postsynaptic position in the neuropil of the ganglion. HRP-labeled axon profiles also establish pre- and postsynaptic contacts in the intestinal nerve root. All hindgut efferent terminals contain similar synaptic vesicle populations: ovoid agranular vesicles (50–60 nm) and a few large granular vesicles (100–200 nm). It is suggested that the hindgut efferent neurons in the last abdominal ganglion are involved in: (1) innervation of the hindgut; (2) central integrative processes; (3) “en route” synaptic modification of efferent and afferent signals in the intestinal nerve; (4) neurohumoral modulation of peripheral physiological processes.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00225809
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    NADPH-diaphorase activity in the nervous system of the embryonic and juvenile pond snail, Lymnaea stagnalis (1998)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 292 (1998), S. 579-586 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Key words NADPH-diaphorase ; Nitric oxide synthase ; Development ; ontogenetic ; Lymnaea stagnalis (Mollusca)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Nicotinamide-adenine-dinucleotide-phosphate-diaphorase (NADPH-d) histochemistry has been applied in the present study to determine the distribution of putative nitric oxide (nitric oxide synthase)-producing cells during embryonic and early postembryonic development in the pond snail, Lymnaea stagnalis L., with special reference to the nervous system. The first NADPH-d-positive structures appear as early as 18% of development (E18, trochophore stage) and correspond to the pair of protonephridia. These structures later show disintegration, although after metamorphosis (E26=75%) staining of their individually spreading cells can be observed until hatching. Peripheral sensory neurons in the foot, mantle edge and lips, and their afferents projecting to the central nervous system reveal NADPH-d activity in the postmetamorphosis period (E25–E27=E60%–E80%) of embryogenesis. After hatching (P1–P3), a number of stained sensory cells appear in the pharynx and esophagus. Some NADPH-d positive neuronal perikarya occur in the pedal and pleural ganglia, and a few weakly stained cells in the cerebral and buccal ganglia of juvenile snails. At the same time, a continuous bundle of reactive fibers is formed in the neuropil both through and through around the circumesophageal ganglion ring. The localization of NADPH-d activity in the developing nervous system of Lymnaea suggests that nitric oxide participates mainly in sensory processes. However, its role in specific intraganglionic integrative events cannot be excluded following embryonic metamorphosis.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410051087
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Serotonin-immunoreactive and dopamine-immunoreactive neurones in the terminal ganglion of the cricket, Acheta domestica: Light- and electron-microscopic immunocytochemistry (1987)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 250 (1987), S. 167-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Serotonin ; Dopamin ; Immunocytochemistry ; Terminal ganglion ; Acheta domestica
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The distribution and ultrastructure of serotonin- and dopamine-immunoreactive (5-HTi and DAi) neurones have been investigated in the terminal ganglion of the cricket, Acheta domestica, using a pre-embedding chopper technique. Special attention has been paid to the immunoreactive structures in the neuropil. 5-HTi structures are extensively distributed and densely packed throughout the 5 neuromeres of the terminal ganglion and originate from several interneurones and efferent neurones. In contrast, DAi fibres are distributed sparsely although they extend to all neuromeres of the ganglion and originate from 6 interneurons only. For both 5-HTi and DAi neurones characteristic axonal projections and branching patterns can be distinguished. The 5-HTi axons exhibit rich varicose arborizations, whereas DAi neurones possess fewer varicosities in the neuropil. Electron microscopy shows that 5-HTi varicosities contain small (∼ 60 nm) and large (∼ 100 nm) agranular vesicles, and large (∼ 100 nm) granular vesicles, whereas in DAi varicosities small (∼ 60 nm) agranular and large (∼ 100 nm) granular vesicles are seen. Both 5-HTi and DAi varicosities form synaptic contacts. We conclude that both serotonin and dopamine may be used as neurotransmitters in the terminal ganglion of the cricket.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00214668
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The efferent innervation of the genital chamber by an identified serotonergic neuron in the female cricket Acheta domestica (1988)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 252 (1988), S. 449-457 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Serotonin (5-HT) ; Genital chamber ; Immuno-cytochemistry ; Electron microscopy ; Cricket, Acheta domestica
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The serotonergic innervation of the genital chamber of the female cricket, Acheta domestica, has been investigated applying anti-serotonin (5-HT) immunocyto-chemistry at both light- and electron-microscopic levels as well as using conventional electron microscopy. Whole mount and pre-embedding chopper techniques of immuno-cytochemistry reveal a dense 5-HT-immunoreactive network of varicose fibers in the musculature of the genital chamber. All of these immunoreactive fibers originate from the efferent serotonergic neuron projecting through the nerve 8v to the genital chamber (Hustert and Topel 1986; Elekes et al. 1987). At the electron-microscopic level, 5-HT-immunoreactive nerve terminals, which contain small (50–60 nm) and large (∼ 100 nm) agranular vesicles as well as granular vesicles (∼100nm), contact the muscle fibers or the sarcoplasmic processes without establishing specialized neuromuscular connections. In addition to the 5-HT-immunoreactive axons, two types of immunonegative axons can also be found in the musculature. By use of conventional electron microscopy, three ultrastructurally distinct types of axon processes can be observed, one of which resembles 5-HT-immunoreactive axons. While the majority of the varicosities do not synapse on the muscle fibers, terminals containing small (50–60 nm) agranular vesicles occasionally form specialized neuromuscular contacts. It is suggested that the 5-HTergic innervation plays a non-synaptic modulatory role in the regulation circular musculature in the genital chamber of the cricket, while the musculature as a whole may be influenced by both synaptic and modulatory mechanisms.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00214388
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Distribution of serotonin-containing neurons in the central nervous system of the snail Helix pomatia (1989)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 257 (1989), S. 313-323 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Serotonin (5HT) ; Immunocytochemistry ; 5,6-Dihydroxytryptamine ; Central nervous system ; Helix pomatia (Mollusca)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The distribution of serotonin (5HT)-containing neurons in the central nervous system of the snail Helix pomatia has been determined in whole-mount preparations by use of immunocytochemical and in vivo 5,6-dihydroxy-tryptamine labelling. 5HT-immunoreactive neuronal somata occur in all but the buccal and pleural ganglia. Immunoreactive fibres are present throughout the central nervous system. The 5HT-immunoreactive neuronal somata characteristically appear in groups, located mainly in the cerebral, pedal, visceral and right parietal ganglia. The majority of 5HT-immunoreactive neurons is located in the pedal ganglia. Additionally a dense network of 5HT-immunoreactive varicose fibres is found in the neural sheath of the central nervous system including all the nerves and ganglia. The number and distribution of 5HT-immunoreactive neurons correlates with that demonstrated by 5,6-dihydroxytryptamine labelling method.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00261835
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Pigment-dispersing hormone-like immunoreactive neurons in the central nervous system of the gastropods, Helix pomatia and Lymnaea stagnalis (1999)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 295 (1999), S. 339-348 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Pigment-dispersing hormone ; Immunocytochemistry ; Central nervous system ; Gastropoda ; Helix pomatia ; Lymnaea stagnalis (Mollusca)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract By using an antiserum raised against a crustacean β-pigment-dispersing hormone (PDH), the distribution and chemical neuroanatomy of PDH-like immunoreactive neurons was investigated in the central nervous system of the gastropod snails, Helix pomatia and Lymnaea stagnalis. The number of immunoreactive cells in the Helix central nervous system was found to be large (700–900), whereas in Lymnaea, only a limited number (50–60) of neurons showed immunoreactivity. The immunostained neurons in Helix were characterized by rich arborizations in all central ganglia and revealed massive innervation of all peripheral nerves and the neural (connective tissue) sheath around the ganglia and peripheral nerve trunks. A small number of Helix nerve cell bodies in the viscero-parietal ganglion complex were also found to be innervated by PDH-like immunoreactive processes. Hence, a complex central and peripheral regulatory role, including neurohormonal actions, is suggested for a PDH-like substance in Helix, whereas the sites of action may be more limited in Lymnaea.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410051240
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Mytilus inhibitory peptides (MIP) in the central and peripheral nervous system of the pulmonate gastropods, Lymnaea stagnalis and Helix pomatia: distribution and physiological actions (2000)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 302 (2000), S. 115-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Neuropeptides Mytilus inhibitory peptides (MIP) Immunocytochemistry Central and peripheral nervous system Invertebrates Lymnaea stagnalis, Helix pomatia (Gastropoda, Mollusca)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract. The distribution and neuroanatomy of Mytilus inhibitory peptides (MIP)-containing neurons in the central nervous system and their innervation pattern in the peripheral nervous system of the pulmonate snail species, Lymnaea stagnalis and Helix pomatia, have been investigated immunocytochemically, by applying an antibody raised to GSPMFVamide. A significant number of immunoreactive neurons occurs in the central nervous system of both species (Lymnaea: ca 600–700, Helix: ca 400–500), but their distribution is different. In Lymnaea, labeled neurons are found in all central ganglia where a number of large and giant neurons, previously identified physiologically, reveal MIP immunoreactivity. In Helix, most of the immunolabeled neurons are small (12–30 µm) and concentrated in the buccal and cerebral ganglia; the parietal ganglia are free of labeled cells. In both species, the ganglionic neuropils, peripheral nerves, connectives, and commissures are richly supplied with immunolabeled fibers. The MIP-immunoreactive innervation pattern in the heart, intestine, buccal mass and radula, and foot is similar in both species, with labeled axonal bundles and terminal-like arborizations (buccal mass, foot) or a network of varicose fibers (heart, intestine). Intrinsic neurons are not present in these tissues. The application of GSPYFVamide inhibits the spontaneous contractions of the esophageal longitudinal musculature in Helix, indicating the bioactivity of the peptide. An outside-out patch-clamp technique has demonstrated that GSPYFVamide opens the K+ channels in central nerve cells of Helix. Injection of GSPYFVamide into the body cavity inhibits the feeding of starved Helix. A wide modulatory role of MIP at central and peripheral levels is suggested in Lymnaea and Helix, including the participation in intercellular signalling processes and remote neurohormonal-like control effects.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410000252
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