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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemically homogeneous fine-grained Mn-Zn ferrites by spray drying (abstract) (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 64 (1988), S. 5665-5665 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Chemically and structurally uniform Mn-Zn ferrites have been produced using powders synthesized by the spray decomposition of mixed, aqueous Mn, Fe, and Zn nitrate solutions. The particle size of the as-formed powder depended strongly on the metal ion concentration in solution; higher concentrations produced larger sizes. The as-formed particles are spherical, internally hollow, and consisted mostly of Fe2O3. A 900 °C, 6-h argon treatment removed the internal void space and converted the particles mostly to the ferrite spinel phase. Sintering of compacts from heat-treated powders produced microstructures superior to those from as-formed powders. Uniform, fine-grained materials, with a densification level comparable to that of commercial sintered ferrite, have been produced at the very low sintering temperature of 1100 °C. Preliminary work indicates that a higher initial permeability is obtained when a higher sintering temperature was used and the level of its disaccommodation depended on the oxygen partial pressure present during sintering. Both "accommodation'' and disaccommodation were observed in the permeability; their magnitudes depended on the peak value of the applied excitation field.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.342264
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Perturbation theory of liquids (1986)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 84 (1986), S. 1049-1050 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Recently, Abascal and co-workers have developed an extended perturbation theory for diatomic liquids which combines the Weeks–Chandler–Andersen choice of reference potential with the Barker–Henderson choice of hard sphere diameter. Here we report results for the case of atomic liquids. This theory is shown to work well for atomic liquids at moderate densities, for ρ*〈0.75. At higher densities, this theory is less accurate than the first order Barker–Henderson theory. Implications for perturbation theories involving molecular liquids are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.450593
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of spin dispersion on the higher-order anisotropy constants of mixed Rx 1R21−x Fe2 crystals (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 3227-3229 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Mean-field theory has been extremely successful in interpreting the complex spin reorientations which take place as a function of temperature and composition in mixed rare-earth–iron Laves-phase crystals, but no effort has been made to interpret the higher-order (κ8) Cubic harmonic term which has been observed experimentally. We generalize the usual mean-field treatment of these alloys to take into account deviations of individual spin directions away from the mean-field direction, and then calculate the free energy as a function of the net magnetization direction, which corresponds directly to what is measured experimentally. At low temperatures the net magnetization direction can differ by as much as 15° to 20° from the assumed mean-field direction, which has a very large effect on the measured anisotropy constants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.335159
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Defect generation in silicon dioxide from soft x-ray synchrotron radiation (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 64 (1988), S. 1145-1151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Generation of fixed positive charge, neutral electron traps, and fixed negative charge in SiO2 due to exposure to monochromatic x-ray radiation in the photon energy range from 300 to 1000 eV in a synchrotron source is reported upon. At a constant exposure level of 2×107 rads, the number of defects generated is approximately independent of x-ray photon energy. The generated defects, independent of x-ray radiation energy, show normal post-metal annealing characteristics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.341876
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic anisotropy energy in single crystal Y1.8Er0.2Fe14B (invited) (abstract) (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 63 (1988), S. 3139-3139 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: There has been considerable interest in tetragonal R2Fe14B compounds as a basis for a new class of permanent magnet materials because of the unusually large energy products they exhibit at room temperature for certain rare-earth substitutions. The origin of the high-energy products is directly related to the large saturation magnetization and magnetic anisotropy energy. The magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy is believed to be directly related to an interaction between the 4f-electrons and the crystal field: however, to date few if any direct comparisons have been made between the experimental magnetic anisotropy and crystal field theory. The reason being that the large anisotropy energy makes it very difficult to use conventional torque magnetometry techniques to determine the angular dependence of the magnetic free energy, particularly at low temperatures where the higher-order terms become important. In this investigation we determine the angular dependence of the magnetic free energy as a function of temperature for Y1.8Er0.2Fe14B using high field (6 T) torque magnetometry techniques and make a direct comparison of the free energy with the energy calculated using a model based on crystal field theory. Y1.8Er0.2Fe14B was chosen because the Fe and Er sublattice anisotropy energies nearly cancel at low temperatures making it possible to measure anisotropy. Excellent agreement was obtained between the model and experiment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.340867
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optical ranging by wavelength multiplexed interferometry (1986)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 60 (1986), S. 1900-1903 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A new optical technique is described for measurement of absolute distance. The approach is based upon a wavelength multiplexed heterodyne interferometer with FM demodulation. By temporally multiplexing discrete wavelengths in a heterodyne interferometer, a complete elimination of interferometric range ambiguity can be achieved while maintaining the high range sensitivity and resolution of interferometry. The basic theory is presented and an algorithm is described for measurement of range over meter distances with submicrometer resolution. The experimental implementation of the wavelength multiplexed interferometer is described and ranging results with 2 μm resolution from 20 cm are presented. A scanned three-dimensional map of a surface contour with 3-mm topography is also presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.337239
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of in-plane magnetization by force microscopy (1988)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 53 (1988), S. 1446-1448 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We present data which show that the magnetic force microscope is capable of detecting the component of the magnetic field parallel to the surface of a sample under study. Images of bits in a Co-alloy thin-film disk and of laser-written bits in a TbFe film were taken with a magnetized tip tilted at 45° with respect to the surface normal. In both cases the asymmetric part of the image of a domain is interpreted in terms of gradients in the in-plane component of the magnetic field. The bits written in the Co-alloy disk were decorated with small magnetized particles, allowing identification of the domain boundaries and the asymmetric component of the force microscope image due to in-plane magnetization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.99964
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lateral dopant profiling with 200 nm resolution by scanning capacitance microscopy (1989)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 55 (1989), S. 1662-1664 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Measurement of dopant density in silicon with lateral resolution on the 200 nm scale has been demonstrated with a near-field capacitance technique. The technique is based upon the measurement of local capacitance between a 100 nm tip and a semiconducting surface. Lateral dopant imaging is achieved by the measurement of the voltage-dependent capacitance between tip and sample due to the depletion of carriers in the semiconductor, as the tip is scanned laterally over the surface. Measurements of dopant density have been demonstrated over a dopant range of 1015–1020 cm−3. Capacitance-voltage measurements have been made on a submicrometer scale.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.102312
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Scanning capacitance microscopy on a 25 nm scale (1989)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 55 (1989), S. 203-205 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A near-field capacitance microscope has been demonstrated on a 25 nm scale. A resonant circuit provides the means for sensing the capacitance variations between a sub-100-nm tip and surface with a sensitivity of 1×10−19 F in a 1 kHz bandwidth. Feedback control is used to scan the tip at constant gap across a sample, providing a means of noncontact surface profiling. Images of conducting and nonconducting structures are presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.102096
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Noise reduction technique for scanning tunneling microscopy (1988)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 53 (1988), S. 1503-1505 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Noise stemming from mechanical vibration, electronic noise, or low frequency (1/f power spectrum) inherent in the tunneling process, often limits the resolution, speed, or range of application of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). We demonstrate a technique for minimizing the effect of these noise sources on the STM image. In our method, the tunneling tip is vibrated parallel to the sample surface at a frequency f0, above that of the feedback response frequency. Two signals are obtained simultaneously: the conventional topography, and a differential image corresponding to the amplitude of current modulation at f0. The resultant ac signal can be simply related to the normal STM topographic image, with significant improvement in the signal-to-noise ratio.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.99940
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