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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 4414-4417 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Two different lasers were used to etch patterns on Si surfaces employing a thin film cell configuration. A strong, pulsed, 20 W KrF excimer laser was used for etching. A weak, cw, 5 mW HeNe laser provided background light. This laser, by itself, was incapable of etching the Si surface. A substantial enhancement of the laser etching process with background light was observed either when using many pulses or only one UV laser pulse. An even bigger change was observed as a function of the etchant concentration. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 1184-1188 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Thin Fe3O4 films were deposited in situ on Si(100) substrates by dc-reactive magnetron sputtering method, and then γ-Fe2O3 thin films were obtained by post-oxidation treatment. The effect of residual stress on coercivity of these films was studied by a bending-beam method. In situ stress-temperature curves of the films taken during the whole heat treatment processes revealed the magnitude and state of film stresses. The measured coercivity increments (470 Oe) are very close to the value (460 Oe) calculated based on stress-induced anisotropy for films with pure γ-Fe2O3 phase. For a film with mixed Fe3O4 and γ-Fe2O3 mixed phase, the magnetostriction is calculated to be 17×10−6. In situ stress-temperature data are provided to depict phase transformations and stress effects on the coercivity of such films. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 89 (2001), S. 3514-3516 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Above room temperature continuous wave midinfrared photoluminescence has been observed from PbSe/Pb1−xSrxSe multiple quantum well structures grown by molecular beam epitaxy on (111) silicon. Emission energy from a sample with 10-nm-thick quantum wells varied from 336.1 to 343.7 meV as sample temperature was increased from 15 to 35 °C. At a heat sink temperature of 25 °C the emission energy varied from 336.8 to 339.9 meV as the current in the near-infrared diode pump laser was increased from 300 to 800 mA indicating an additional 8.2 °C of epilayer heating due to increased photon flux from the pump laser. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 71 (2000), S. 1564-1568 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: This article presents a simple measuring apparatus that is capable of measuring column density and absolute photoabsorption cross sections. The apparatus includes a simple high-temperature heatpipe furnace, an MKS Instruments Baratron, a hydrogen discharge lamp, and an optical detecting system. The heatpipe furnace provides an absorbing medium with a steady total pressure in a closed system so that the column density can be obtained using the ideal gas relation. The apparatus is designed for a working temperature range below 1000 K and a pressure range up to 10 Torr. Encountered experimental difficulties and their found solutions will be discussed in detail. In this work, the absolute photoabsorption cross section of Mg is measured near the 3s threshold using this apparatus. The absolute photoabsorption cross section result at the 3s threshold, which is 2.1±0.3 Mb, is in good agreement with hook method data (2.36 Mb). © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 88 (2000), S. 5448-5451 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Ferroelectric Ba0.4Sr0.6TiO3 (BST) thin films grown on (001) MgO by pulsed laser deposition show a strong correlation between their structure and their microwave dielectric properties. Epitaxially grown BST films are observed by x-ray diffraction to be tetragonally distorted. The oxygen deposition pressure affects the magnitude of the tetragonal distortion (the ratio of in-plane and surface normal lattice parameters, D=a/c) of the deposited BST films. D varied from 0.996 to 1.004 at oxygen deposition pressure of 10–800 mTorr. The dielectric properties of BST films measured at microwave frequencies (1–20 GHz) exhibit an oxygen deposition pressure dependent dielectric constant (ε=100–600), and quality factor Q (1/tan δ=10–60). The BST film grown at the oxygen deposition pressure of 200 mTorr exhibits the highest figure of merit [% tuning in ε×Q0V, where % tuning is 100×(ε0−εb)/ε0, and ε0 and εb are dielectric constant at 0 and 80 kV/cm]. This corresponds to the film with the lowest distortion (D=1.001). The observed microwave properties of the films are explained by a phenomenological thermodynamic theory based on the strain along in-plane direction of the films. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 62 (1987), S. 808-812 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Hydrogenated amorphous germanium carbide (a-Ge1−xCx@B:H ) films were prepared by rf sputtering, at various rf power levels and mixtures of Ar, H2, and propane. As in the case of a-Si:H rf sputtered under similar conditions, the concentration of Ge–H bond, as determined by the IR absorption spectra, and the Tauc determined optical gap, generally increase as the rf power is decreased. The optical gap of the a-Ge1−xCx@B:H films range from 0.85–2.3 eV, and the electron-spin-resonance defect spin densities from 6.5×1017 to 3×1018 spins/cm3. Auger spectroscopy was used to determine the C/Ge ratio and indicated that in most of the samples, this ratio was (approximately-less-than)0.15. Isochronal annealing up to 400 °C indicated that (i) Ge-C segregation effects already initiated at 100 °C are greatly enhanced above 300 °C, (ii) at 300 °C C–H bonds are formed at the expense of Ge–H ones, and (iii) all of the hydrogen bonded to Ge and most of that bonded to carbon evolve out of the sample at or slightly below 400 °C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 85 (1999), S. 4886-4888 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Fe100−xPtx alloy thin films with x=25–67 at. % were prepared by dc magnetron sputtering on naturally oxidized Si substrates. Effects of film composition, annealing temperature (300–650 °C), annealing time (5–120 min), and cooling rate (furnace cooling or ice water quench cooling) on the magnetic properties were investigated. Optimum conditions for saturation magnetization and coercivity of the Fe100−xPtx alloy films were found with x=50 at.%, annealed at 600 °C for 30 min and cooled by ice water quenching. Our experimental data suggests that the magnetic hardening in Fe100−xPtx alloy thin films is mainly due to the fct γ1-FePt phase and the domain wall pinning effect. The domain nucleation mechanism is dominated in samples with furnace cooling; the domain wall pinning mechanism dominates in samples cooled with ice water quenching. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 75 (1999), S. 3653-3655 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: High-quality AlGaN/GaN heterostructures have been grown on sapphire substrates by plasma-assisted molecular-beam epitaxy. Polarization effects are exploited to achieve a two-dimensional electron-gas sheet density of 8.8×1012 cm−2 and greater on intentionally undoped material with a measured room-temperature mobility as high as 1478 cm2/V s. Transistors were then fabricated from this material, yielding a unity current gain frequency of 50 GHz and a unity power gain frequency of 97 GHz. By increasing the buffer layer thickness, output powers of 1.88 W/mm at 4 GHz with an efficiency of 34% were achieved. These results prove that the polarization effects in the nitrides are as enormous as theory predicts. The key to the improved mobility and operation of the devices of the all-molecular-beam-epitaxy-grown material, the AlN nucleation layer, will be discussed. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Bending magnet beamline 9.3.2 at the Advanced Light Source (ALS) was designed for high resolution spectroscopy with the capability for delivering circularly polarized light in the soft x-ray energy region using three gratings. The monochromator is a fixed included-angle spherical grating monochromator (SGM) and was originally used at SSRL as a prototype for later insertion-device-based monochromators for the ALS. For operation at the ALS, the toroidal pre-mirror used at SSRL was replaced by a horizontally focusing and a vertically focusing mirror in the Kirkpatrick-Baez configuration. Circularly polarized radiation is obtained by inserting a water-cooled movable aperture in front of the vertically focusing mirror to allow selecting the beam either above or below the horizontal plane. To maintain a stable beam intensity through the entrance slit, the photocurrent signals from the upper and lower jaws of the entrance slit are utilized to set a feedback loop with the vertically deflecting mirror piezoelectric drive. The beamline end station has a movable platform that accommodates two experimental chambers enabling the synchrotron radiation to be directed to either one of the two experimental chambers without breaking the vacuum. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 93 (1990), S. 7369-7373 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We show here that a static disordered binary alloy in which one of the impurities is prevented from clustering in the lattice as a result of strong repulsive interactions, e.g., will possess a localization–delocalization transition regardless of the spatial dimension. We show explicitly that (N)1/2 of the electronic states are completely unscattered by the disorder and lead to superdiffusive transport with a mean-square displacement growing in time as t3/2 over a wide range of the static disorder in one dimension. The model is shown to be applicable to electron transport in Fibonacci lattices fabricated from two kinds of materials such as GaAs and AlAs. It is shown explicitly that transient grating experiments can be used to probe the location of the unattenuated states in the energy band. We propose that this model can be used to design molecularly based electronic filters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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