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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 76 (1994), S. 7797-7804 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Local vibrational modes (LVM) of Si in substitutional sites have been observed by resonant Raman spectroscopy in highly doped (≥8×1018 cm−3) InxGa1−xAs layers, either relaxed or under strain, on [100] GaAs substrates. The peak frequency ωLVM of the Si on Ga site (SiGa) LVM in unstrained samples shifts to lower values with increasing In content. For x≤0.10 this shift is clearly higher than expected from a linear interpolation between the measured values in the binaries. The comparison between the SiGa peak frequency measured in both a full strained layer and a relaxed layer with similar composition provides a rough determination of the deformation potentials for the SiGaLVM in these layers: q/ω2LVM=−2.7±1 and p/ω2LVM=−2.5±1. As the In content becomes higher the width of the SiGa peak increases much more than that of the GaAs-like longitudinal optical-phonon peak, revealing the splitting due to the loss of local symmetry introduced by the In. New calibration factors for the Si-defect concentrations have been deduced, which allow estimation of the solubility limit for the Si incorporation in substitutional positions, which ranges from 2.3×1019 to 2.6×1019 cm−3 for the layers at the growth conditions used. The analysis of the integrated intensity of the LVM Raman peaks indicates that the degree of electrical compensation is clearly reduced for increasing In up to x≤0.05, due to both an increase of the solubility limit for Si in these layers and a saturation or slight reduction of the SiAs-related defect concentrations. This conclusion is also supported by Hall and plasmon measurements. © 1994 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 78 (1995), S. 4690-4695 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The incorporation of high concentrations ((approximately-greater-than)1019 cm−3) of Si, Be, and C in InxGa1−xAs relaxed layers has been studied as a function of In content (x≤0.16) by Raman spectroscopy of local vibrational modes (LVM). The frequencies of the Raman peaks resulting from the convolution of several split modes shift to lower values as the In content is increased, the carbon acceptor (CAs) local mode frequency showing the strongest dependency on x. Features attributed exclusively to the influence of In on second-neighbor sites are identified only in the Si-doped samples. The transverse and longitudinal modes expected from the splitting of a LVM of CAs with one In first neighbor are not observed in layers with x up to 0.085. A new calibration for the BeGa, CAs, and Si-related LVM leads to the conclusion that In increases the total electrical activation of Si and favors its incorporation on group-III sublattice sites. In contrast, no influence of In on the Be or C doping activation has been detected. The analysis of the CAs LVM spectra supports the view that in InxGa1−xAs CAs is preferably surrounded by Ga instead of In atoms for x≤0.085. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 89 (2001), S. 2779-2785 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The pseudodielectric function spectra 〈ε〉 of wurtzite GaN, AlGaN, and GaN/AlGaN heterostructures were determined for photon energies ranging from 2 to 5 eV, using variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE). Samples were grown by low-pressure metalorganic chemical vapor deposition on c-plane sapphire substrates. The experimental 〈ε〉 spectra were analyzed using a multilayer approach, describing the dielectric functions of the individual layers by a parametric oscillator model. In this way, parametric dielectric function spectra of GaN and AlxGa1−xN (x≤0.16) were derived, as well as the composition dependence of the AlxGa1−xN band gap energy. The SE band gap data were found to be consistent with a bowing parameter close to 1 eV. Finally, the GaN and AlxGa1−xN parametric dielectric functions were used to quantitatively analyze the pseudodielectric function spectrum of GaN/AlGaN modulation doped field effect transistor structures, demonstrating the potential of SE in combination with a multilayer parametric dielectric function model for nondestructive ex situ control of GaN/AlGaN device structures. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 86 (1999), S. 4312-4315 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The redistribution of Be in highly doped AlxGa1−xAs layers and AlxGa1−xAs/AlAs(GaAs) short period superlattices (SPSL) during molecular beam epitaxy was investigated by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) depth profiling. Be outdiffuses significantly from these layers and, additionally, segregates in growth direction. Conversely, Be is depleted and incorporated only up to a solid-solubility limit depending on the Al content. SPSLs with shorter period are disordered and show the solid-solubility limits of homogeneous AlxGa1−xAs layers with the same average composition. Be solid-solubility limits in AlxGa1−xAs layers covering the whole range from GaAs to AlAs are derived from the SIMS depth profiles. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 86 (1999), S. 2173-2177 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: We prepared epitaxial ferromagnetic manganite films on 45° bicrystal substrates by pulsed laser ablation. Their low- and high-field magnetoresistance (MR) was measured as a function of magnetic field, temperature and current. At low temperatures hysteretic changes in resistivity up to 70% due to switching of magnetic domains at the coercitive field are observed. The strongly nonohmic behavior of the current–voltage leads to a complete suppression of the MR effect at high bias currents with the identical current dependence at low and high magnetic fields. We discuss the data in view of tunneling and mesoscale magnetic transport models and propose an explicit dependence of the spin polarization on the applied current in the grain boundary region. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 2853-2856 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Resonant Raman scattering from AlxGa1−xN (x≤0.17) layers in (Al, Ga, In)N heterostructures has been studied using optical excitation at a photon energy of hνL=3.72 eV (333.61 nm). Tuning of the AlGaN band-gap energy, and thus of the resonance condition, was achieved by variation of the sample temperature. A pronounced outgoing resonance behavior was observed for first- and second-order Raman scattering by the AlGaN A1(LO) phonon, which allows a separation of the AlGaN LO phonon signal from the corresponding GaN phonon line even in the presence of much thicker surrounding GaN layers. The composition dependence of the AlxGa1−xN A1(LO) phonon mode was determined to ωLO(x)=734+356.8x−814.7x2 (cm−1) for the present excitation conditions (hνL=3.72 eV) and composition range (x≤0.17). The use of resonantly enhanced Raman scattering by the AlGaN A1(LO) phonon allowed us to assess nondestructively the composition of the AlGaN cladding layers in an (Al, Ga, In)N laser structure, even though the Raman spectrum recorded for nonresonant subband-gap excitation was completely dominated by scattering from the much thicker GaN layers in the structure. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 69 (1991), S. 971-974 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Be-doped epitaxial layers of GaAs grown by molecular beam epitaxy have been studied by local vibrational mode spectroscopy combining infrared absorption and Raman scattering. Calibration factors for both experimental techniques have been derived which enable quantitative assessments to be made of the concentrations of Be acceptors in GaAs. In Raman spectroscopy the detection limit is ≈ 3×1018 cm−3 for as-grown layers only 10 nm in thickness.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 3820-3826 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The thickness of the individual layers of molecular beam epitaxy grown pseudomorphic InyGa1−yAs (0.1≤y≤0.35)/GaAs/Al0.3Ga0.7As quantum well structures has been determined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) depth profiling, and reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED) with the aim of the compositional analysis of the ternary alloy films. Agreement between SIMS and TEM thickness data within 15% is found. Reliable RHEED data at y≥0.25, where the number of RHEED oscillations is drastically reduced by the three-dimensional growth of the InGaAs film, have been obtained by averaging repeated RHEED measurements. As compared with TEM, RHEED tends to lower values by 10% at maximum. The compositional data determined by the different methods including also photoluminescence (PL) agree within 20% in the technologically important region y≥0.2. At y=0.1, extreme accuracy requirements concerning the thickness determination limit the accuracy of SIMS and TEM to around 30%. Therefore PL and RHEED are superior at this concentration. An influence of the growth temperature on the In content at y=0.3 could be detected only by PL, demonstrating the excellent relative accuracy of PL.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 70 (1991), S. 2195-2199 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Continuous tuning over the entire 8–12 μm wavelength range is demonstrated for the intersubband absorption resonance in n-doped GaAs/AlxGa1−xAs multiple quantum-well structures following partial interdiffusion of the well and barrier layers via rapid thermal annealing. The data indicate that redshifting of the intersubband absorption resonance arises both from interdiffusion-induced modification of the confining potential and from a decrease in the depolarization shift. The latter effect is due in part to a decrease in the free-carrier concentration within the Si-doped quantum wells following rapid thermal annealing. Significant diffusion of the localized Si dopant is also observed over the range of annealing temperatures investigated here. Calculated values of the Al-Ga interdiffusion coefficient, as a function of anneal temperature, indicate that Si diffusion through the heterointerfaces contributes substantially to layer intermixing.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 67 (1995), S. 2639-2641 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: We have realized a (GaAs1−xSbx-InyGa 1−yAs)/GaAs bilayer-quantum well (BQW), which consists of two adjacent pseudomorphic layers of GaAs1−xSbx and InyGa1−yAs sandwiched between GaAs barriers. Photoluminescence was observed at longer wavelengths than those found for corresponding InyGa1−yAs/GaAs and GaAs1−xSbx/GaAs single quantum wells (SQW), which indicates a type-II band alignment in the BQW. The longest 300 K emission wavelength achieved so far was 1.332 μm. For an accurate determination of the band offset between GaAs1−xSbx and GaAs, required for a theoretical modeling of the interband transition energies of these BQWs, a large set of GaAs1−xSbx /GaAs SQWs was prepared from which a type-II band alignment was deduced, with the valence band discontinuity ratio Qv found to depend on the Sb concentration x (Qv=1.76+1.34 x). With this parameter it was possible to calculate the expected interband transition energies in a BQW structure without any adjustable parameters. The calculations are in agreement with experimental data within a range of ±4%. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
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