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  • 1
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In this work we apply the Electrotechnical Laboratory Josephson junction fabrication technology to realize an integrated device for nuclear radiation detection. We have integrated in a single 5×5 mm2 chip 240 Josephson tunnel junctions (JTJs) having various geometrical configurations and interconnections, in order to investigate both the effects of various detection geometrical configurations and the fabrication process uniformity and reproducibility. The junction quality was extensively tested by measurements of the current-voltage characteristics, down to T=1.2 K, showing an unexpected saturation of the Vm quality factor. Preliminary results concerning the response to α-particle radiation of these samples have been obtained. Pulse height and rise time spectra of both "island'' type and series connected JTJs are reported. Signals generated by nuclear radiation have been observed at temperatures up to 2 K, where a reduction of the collected charge occurs because of the enhancement of the recombination rate. A strong effect of the substrate on the detector response has also been observed, providing useful indications for future improvements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 91 (2002), S. 4229-4232 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have obtained optical second harmonic (SH) intensity images of a silver grating surface. A stripe pattern was seen in the SH intensity image when the incident light polarization is perpendicular to the lines of the grooves of the grating. We have found that the strongest SH radiation comes from the bottoms of the grooves. On the other hand, the strong linear reflection comes from the slope of the grooves. We suggest that the enhancement of the electric field at the bottoms of the grooves has led to the observed strong SH radiation. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Nb/Al–AlOx/Nb–NbN Josephson junctions for use as x-ray detectors have been fabricated. The NbN overlayer has been used to realize the trapping of quasiparticles in the Nb top layer with an increase of the charge collection efficiency. The temperature dependence of quasiparticle and Josephson critical current have been investigated and compared with that without a NbN overlayer, showing low leakage currents, about 200 pA (V=0.5 mV, T=0.67 K, A=20×20 μm2), and high dynamical resistances in the subgap region. Preliminary measurements under 6 keV x-ray irradiation have shown an increased value of the maximum collected charge. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 68 (1996), S. 702-704 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Nb/Al–AlOx/Nb tunnel junctions designed for x-ray detection have been manufactured and characterized at temperatures down to 0.35 K. At a bias voltage of 0.5 mV, a leakage current of the order of 0.1 pA/μm2, and a dynamic resistance exceeding 106 times the normal state resistance, were achieved in junctions with dimensions up to 200×200 μm2 and critical current densities of order 200 A/cm2. The combination of high critical current density, low leakage current, and large area represents an important step towards the development of superconducting tunnel junction detectors with improved spectroscopic performance. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 66 (1995), S. 2134-2136 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The specific capacitance Cs of Nb/AlOx/Nb Josephson tunnel junction has been measured by means of the superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) resonance technique. We have investigated the junctions with critical current densities Jc in the range of 0.1–18 kA/cm2 and found that 1/Cs linearly depends on a logarithm of Jc. This suggests that the barrier thickness is moderately uniform in the junction area and increases continuously during growth. The results also show that increasing Jc reduces time constants of the junction. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 21 (1988), S. 930-933 
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Inc
    Wound repair and regeneration 13 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1524-475X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is known to proliferate and maintain the adult stem cells. The human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are very homogenous and constitute of euchromatin nuclei in 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and induce the heterochomatin nuclei by bone morphogenetic protein.In order to further investigate other growth factor, other cell types like bFGF, keratinocytes, dermal fibroblasts and endothelial cells, the cellular and molecular analyses are performed in vitro assay systems.The various doses of bFGF (0.25–25 μg/ml) significantly proliferate the hMSCs in time-dependent manner in s serum-free medium. The ultra-structure by electron microscopy revealed the very small, round and immature both cytoplasmic and nuclear structure resembling the 10% FBS-cultured cells. The hMSCs and bFGF and other cells are co-cultured in 8 μm-pore chamber systems for 16-hour incubation. The hMSCs successfully migrate through the pore when keratinocytes, dermal fibroblasts, endothelial cells or bFGF (345.0 ± 68.86, 63.8 ± 16.50, 36.2 ± 9.60, 12.0 ± 4.89, p 〈 0.01) are placed lower chamber. The clear cellular attachment between hMSCs and keratinocytes is observed in the monolayer co-culture by electron microscopy.The hMSCs are stimulated by bFGF and interact with other cell types such as keratinocytes, dermal fibroblasts and endothelial cells in vitro.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Inc
    Wound repair and regeneration 13 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1524-475X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Skin and soft tissue defects are sometimes problematic especially when the defects large, contaminated, irradiated, or poor blood supplied. The human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are proliferated upon basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) stimuli in vitro and in vivo. In this experiment, the skin and soft tissue defects are investigated if the wounds are able to be reepithelialized or accelerated by hMSCs, bFGF and porcine-derived bilayered skin template.1.5 × 1.5 cm2 nude rat skin and soft tissue defects including panniculus carnosus are excised and 1 × 106 hMSCs and various doses of bFGF (1–100 μg) applied. Before and after normal reepithelialization, the tissues are tested for protein expressions by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting.The wound sizes are significantly decreased at day 7 with hMSCs with 1, 10, or 100 μg bFGF compared to hMSCs-alone or medium-only. All the wounds healed by day 42. 42 Kda and 38 Kda human-derived pancytokeratin expressions, which do not cross-react with murine antigens, by Western blotting significantly augmented by 10 μg bFGF compared to hMSCs-alone. The epidermal immunolocalizations such as integrin α3 and SKALP (Skin-derived Anti Leukoproteinase) are greatly elevated in time and dose-dependent manner. Human pan-cytokeratin expressions are immunoreactive even at day 42.These data suggest the skin and soft tissue wound healing is accelerated by hMSCs together with bFGF, partly by means of differentiation of hMSCs toward epidermal components.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical and experimental dermatology 27 (2002), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2230
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical and experimental dermatology 25 (2000), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2230
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A 31-year-old male presented with limpet-like, cone-shaped skin lesions on the scalp, the extremities, and the trunk of 4 months' duration, and had had severe joint pain in his right fingers, wrist, and knee for 1 month. Radiological examination revealed arthritis of the above mentioned multiple joints. Rheumatoid factor was serologically negative. Histopathological findings showed dense inflammatory cell infiltration and remarkable Munro's microabscesses in the horny layer in addition to psoriasiform epidermal hyperplasia, and predominant dermal oedema. Based on clinicopathological findings, a diagnosis of rupioid psoriasis with arthropathy was made. Following treatment for arthralgia using low doses of systemic steroid, the effects of cyclosporin combined with topical steroids was seen to alleviate dramatically the skin lesions and arthritis within 2 weeks. There was no recurrence of such skin and joint lesions during a follow-up period of 1 year.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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