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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Accurate and efficient shot-gather dip moveout processing in the log-stretch domain (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical prospecting 43 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2478
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: An accurate analytical expression for shot-gather dip-moveout (DMO) in the timespace log-stretch domain has until now not been published. We present a simpler, alternative derivation of the exact DMO relationships of Black et al. which correctly take account of the repositioning of the midpoint. A new computationally efficient frequency-wavenumber (F-K) DMO operator for shot profiles is then derived, based on these DMO relationships in the time-space log-stretch domain. The newly derived DMO operator is, unlike most other log-stretch DMO operators) accurate for the full range of reflector dips. Along with other schemes which are performed in the log-stretch domain, it offers considerable time savings over conventional DMO processing. We have compared numerically the impulse response of the new operator with those of a number of other shot-gather DMO operators, and found it to be superior and well match to the theoretical elliptical DMO response.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2478.1995.tb00291.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of finite absorption depth and infrared detector nonlinearity on thermal diffusivity measurement of thin films using the flash method (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 4249-4253 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The flash method including the single- and double-ended method has gained widespread acceptance for measuring thermal diffusivity of thick foils (in millimeters) as well as thin films (in microns). However when the method is employed, some basic experimental conditions are assumed. In this paper, two of the assumptions, the finite absorption depth effect and the nonlinearity of the detector, are discussed in the situation of thin film samples. For the first one, the deviation of the factor ω1/2 (=π2αt1/2/L2) from 1.37 and the corresponding errors in deriving thermal diffusivity from t1/2 are discussed for various relative absorption depth δ. The result indicates criteria for the method to be available, that is, L(approximately-greater-than)10δ and L(approximately-greater-than)14δ for the double- and the single-ended method. For the second one, by considering the errors in voltage output of a (Hg, Cd)Te IR detector, how the factor ω1/2 deviates from 1.37 and the corresponding errors in thermal diffusivity measurement under various initial temperature conditions are discussed. The results are shown graphically and tabulated. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1145377
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calcium phosphate formation induced on silica in bamboo (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 8 (1997), S. 427-433 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Abstract The effect of in vitro induction of calcium phosphate on bamboo surfaces is reported for the first time. Bamboo is studied for biomaterial application due to its elasticity modulus being closer to human bone than other biomaterials. Following an earlier study of cytotoxicity and precipitation of apatite on ground tissue and vascular bundles of bamboo, the composition and function of the minerals in bamboo, especially silica, are considered in the present work. It is found that in both outer and inner surfaces of bamboo culm, there exists some silica. Bamboo elicits an inert response when soaked directly in calcification solution. After the rind of bamboo is treated with sodium hydroxide solution, the silica underneath can induce precipitation of calcium phosphate in an ambient environment. Furthermore, by subsequent grafting with polyethylene glycol (PEG 1000), calcium phosphate induction of bamboo rind can be improved, depending on the concentration of NaOH solution and treatment time. Heat treatment of bamboo can remove the organic materials around the minerals in bamboo, allowing the calcification behaviour of the silica-containing inorganic phase of bamboo in aqueous solution to be studied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018557605910
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some remarks on (k−1)-critical subgraphs ofk-critical graphs (1995)
    Springer
    Combinatorica 15 (1995), S. 469-474 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6912
    Keywords: 05 C 15 ; 05 C 35
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract A graphG is said to bek-critical if it has chromatic numberk, but every proper subgraph ofG has a (k−1)-coloring. Gallai asked whether every largek-critical graph contains many (k−1)-critical subgraphs. We provide some information concerning this question and some related questions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01192519
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Large faces in 4-critical planar graphs with minimum degree 4 (1995)
    Springer
    Combinatorica 15 (1995), S. 455-467 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6912
    Keywords: Primary 05C15 ; Secondary 05C35
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We prove that the size of the largest face of a 4-critical planar graph with δ≥4 is at most one half the number of its vertices. Letf(n) denote the maximum of the sizes of largest faces of all such graphs withn vertices (n sufficiently large). We present an infinite family of graphs that shows $$\mathop {\lim }\limits_{n \to \infty } \frac{{f(n)}}{n} = \frac{1}{2}$$ .
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01192518
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative stability of ethanol production by Escherichia coliKO11 in batch and chemostat culture (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 23 (1999), S. 701-708 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Keywords: ethanol; recombinant; E. coli KO11; lignocellulosic; chemostat; stability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Differing claims regarding the stability of the recombinant ethanologen E. coli KO11 are addressed here in batch and chemostat culture. In repeat batch culture, the organism was stable on glucose, mannose, xylose and galactose for at least three serial transfers, even in the absence of a selective antibiotic. Chemostat cultures on glucose were remarkably stable, but on mannose, xylose and a xylose/glucose mixture, they progressively lost their hyperethanologenicity. On xylose, the loss was irreversible, indicating genetic instability. The loss of hyperethanologenicity was accompanied by the production of high concentrations of acetic acid and by increasing biomass yields, suggesting that the higher ATP yield associated with acetate production may foster the growth of acetate-producing revertant strains. Plate counts on high chloramphenicol-containing medium, whether directly, or following preliminary growth on non-selective medium, were not a reliable indicator of high ethanologenicity during chemostat culture. In batch culture, the organism appeared to retain its promise for ethanol production from lignocellulosics and concerns that antibiotics may need to be included in all media appear unfounded.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jim.2900690
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The validity of form-factor, modified-form-factor and anomalous-scattering-factor approximations in elastic scattering calculations (1995)
    [S.l.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 51 (1995), S. 271-288 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5724
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The validity of form-factor, modified-form-factor and anomalous-scattering-factor approximations in predictions of elastic photon-atom scattering is assessed with the aid of the state-of-the-art numerical calculation of Rayleigh scattering obtained using the second-order S-matrix theory, in the photon energy range from 100 eV to 1 MeV. A comparison is made with predictions from S-matrix theory in the same atomic model for representative low-Z (carbon, Z = 6) and high-Z (lead, Z = 82) elements to get a general idea of the validity of these simpler more approximate methods. The importance of bound–bound contributions and the angle dependence of the anomalous scattering factors is discussed. A prescription is suggested, with the assumption of angle independence, that uses simpler approaches to obtain the elastic scattering cross sections in the soft-X-ray regime at the level of accuracy of the S-matrix calculation, failing at large momentum transfers for high-Z elements. Predictions from this prescription are compared with experiment. With starting point the many-body elastic scattering amplitude, a detailed discussion is presented of the partition of the elastic scattering amplitude into Rayleigh and Delbrück scattering components. This partition of the optical theorem reveals contributions from bound–bound atomic transitions, bound pair annihilation and bound pair production that are not usually associated with elastic scattering. In the partitioned optical theorem for Rayleigh scattering, as in the many-body optical theorem for scattering from excited states, subtracted cross sections naturally appear. These terms are needed, in addition to the familiar terms for photoionization, to relate the real and imaginary parts of the scattering amplitude.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S010876739400886X
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development and molecular cytogenetic analysis of wheat-Haynaldia villosa 6VS/6AL translocation lines specifying resistance to powdery mildew (1995)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 91 (1995), S. 1125-1128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Wheat ; Haynaldia villosa ; Alien translocation ; Powdery mildew resistance ; In situ hybridization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Several Triticum aestivum L.-Haynaldia villosa disomic 6VS/6AL translocation lines with powdery mildew resistance were developed from the hybridization between common wheat cultivar Yangmai 5 and alien substitution line 6V(6A). Mitotic and meiotic C-banding analysis, aneuploid analysis with double ditelosomic stocks, in situ hybridization, as well as the phenotypic assessment of powdery mildew resistance, were used to characterize these lines. The same translocated chromosome, with breakpoints near the centromere, appears to be present in all the lines, despite variation among the lines in their morphology and agronomic characteristics. The resistance gene, conferred by H. villosa and designated as Pm21, is a new and promising source of powdery mildew resistance in wheat breeding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223930
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytological and Biochemical Alterations in Carassius auratus Hepatocytes from Exposure to Sediment Containing Dioxins and Related Compounds (1999)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 37 (1999), S. 358-363 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Cytological and biochemical alterations of crucial carp (Carassius auratus) hepatocytes were characterized after exposure to sediments from a lake contaminated with dioxins and other industrial chemicals. Carp were exposed in 20 L water containing 25, 50, or 100 g of contaminated sediment for 2 and 4 weeks. Ultrastructural changes in the liver were characterized by severe enlargement of hepatocytes. Alterations in the cell included formation of condensed and irregular cell nucleus, polynuclei, dispersed heterochromatin, enlargement of the nucleolus, and degeneration of the nucleus. Mitochondrial numbers were reduced and cristae were deformed. Myelin figures and lysosomes were increased, and sometimes cell organelles and cell matrix were totally lost after 4 weeks of exposure. The ultrastructural alterations were correlated with exposure time and sediment concentrations. Hepatosometic index was significantly increased in experimental groups at 2 and 4 weeks as compared with the control group. EROD enzyme activities were strongly induced in liver. A trend from rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) to SER was observed. Our results suggest that the dioxin-like compounds bound by sediment were bioavailable to C. auratus and cause sublethal effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002449900525
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Description of isovector giant dipole resonances in relativistic Vlasov equation at small amplitude limit (1995)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 352 (1995), S. 119-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 21.10.−k ; 24.30.Cz ; 24.10Jv
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A more general relativistic Vlasov equation has been derived in the framework of relativistic quantum hadron dynamical theory. In the small amplitude limit we use this Vlasov equation to study the isovector giant dipole resonances built on groundstate in spherical nuclei16O,40Ca,90Zn and208Pb. The results show that the spin-orbit coupling and the non-linear terms of scalar meson can influence the resonance energies to a certain extent comparing with those obtained from the non-relativistic Vlasov equation approach and are in good agreement with the experimental ones, especially for the case which vacuum fluctuation is included.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01298896
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