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  • Electronic Resource  (14)
  • 1995-1999  (12)
  • 1980-1984  (2)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: In most cell types the major pathway of sphingomyelin synthesis is the direct transfer of the phosphocholine head group from phosphatidylcholine to ceramide catalyzed by the enzyme l-acylsphingosine:phosphatidylcholine phosphocholinetransferase (SM synthase; EC 2.7.8.-). Although this pathway has been demonstrated in brain tissue, its quantitative importance has been questioned. An alternative biosynthetic pathway for sphingomyelin synthesis in brain tissue has been proposed, viz., the direct transfer of phosphoethanolamine from phosphatidylethanolamine to ceramide, followed by methylation of the ethanolamine moiety to a choline group. We have evaluated various possible biosynthetic pathways of sphingomyelin synthesis in rat spinal cord oligodendrocytes, the myelin-forming cells of the CNS, by labeling cells in culture with radiolabeled choline, ethanolamine, or serine. Our results indicate that, in oligodendrocytes, most of the phosphocholine for the biosynthesis of sphingomyelin is provided by phosphatidylcholine, which is predominantly derived from de novo synthesis. No evidence was found for the operation of the alternative pathway via ceramide-phosphoethanolamine. Furthermore, our results indicate that a small pool of phosphatidylcholine is provided by methylation of phosphatidylethanolamine, which in turn is formed preferentially by decarboxylation of phosphatidylserine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @journal of ecclesiastical history 47 (1996), S. 714-714 
    ISSN: 0022-0469
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: History , Theology and Religious Studies
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-198X
    Keywords: Key words Uremia ; Homocysteine ; Cerebrovascular disease ; Thermolabile methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase variant ; Cystinosis ; Folic acid ; Vitamin B12
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  We report a 13-year-old girl with nephropathic cystinosis on chronic peritoneal dialysis who presented with two episodes of stroke. Laboratory evaluation showed severe hyperhomocysteinemia (108 µmol/l). Further testing revealed that she was homozygous for the thermolabile variant of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene. Treatment with folic acid and vitamin B12 lowered plasma homocysteine to less than 20 µmol/l. No further episodes of stroke occurred over a follow-up of 12 months. Homocysteine levels should be measured in patients with chronic renal failure, since simple and safe treatment with folic acid and vitamin B12 is effective in lowering the plasma homocysteine level in patients with the thermolabile MTHFR allele.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Lebensqualität ; Metaanalyse ; Depressive ; Schizophrene ; Facettenanalyse ; Modulares System ; Key words Quality of life ; Metaanalysis ; Depression ; Schizophrenia ; Facet analysis ; Modular system
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The construct Quality of Life (QoL) is investigated by metaanalysis of eight (inter)nationally validated questionnaires in a multicenter study. Data have been collected in a mentally healthy (n=479), a depressed (n=171) and a schizophrenic (n=139) sample. Conventional psychometric criteria and a facet analytical methodology have been applied. The resulting questionnaire „Modular System for Quality of Life” (MSQoL) consists of a core module with 47 items (one „G-factor” and six subdimensions), which is sufficiently valid for all three samples. Additionally, there are four specific modules (demography, family, partnership, profession). No specific modules can be identified for the psychopathological subgroups. The validated radex structure for subjective QoL offers the opportunity for a cumulative research design and for adaptations to the actual setting.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In einer von der Arbeitsgruppe „Lebensqualität (LQ)” der „Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Methodik und Dokumentation in der Psychiatrie” (AMDP) unterstützten multizentrischen Studie wird das Konstrukt Lebensqualität (LQ) anhand von acht (inter)national validierten Erhebungsinstrumenten sowie einer gesunden (n=479), einer depressiven (n=171) und einer schizophrenen (n=139) Stichprobe metaanalytisch untersucht. Neben herkömmlichen psychometrischen Kriterien liegt der methodische Schwerpunkt dabei auf einem facettenanalytischen Vorgehen. Der resultierende Fragebogen „Modulares System zur Lebensqualität” (MSLQ) besteht aus einem für alle 3 Stichproben hinreichend validen Kernmodul mit 47 Items (ein „G-Faktor” und 6 Subdimensionen) sowie 4 spezifischen Modulen (Demographie, Familie, Partnerschaft, Beruf). Für die psychopathologischen Subgruppen lassen sich keine spezifischen Module etablieren. Die validierte Struktur der subjektiv eingeschätzten Lebensqualität (in Form einer facettenanalytischen Radexkonstellation) bietet die Möglichkeit zu einer kumulativ angelegten Forschung und einer untersuchungsspezifischen Anpassung des MSLQ.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 128 (1997), S. 585-592 
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Fluorescence ; Hydrodynamic ; Micelle ; Surfactant ; Viscosity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Verbindung N,N-Dimethyl-N-2-(4-(t-butylphenoxy)ethoxy)ethyl-N-hexadecylammoniumchlorid (BDHC), eine oberflächenaktive Substanz mit zwei unterschiedlichen Seitenketten, wurde mittels einer Kombination von fluorimetrischen und viskosimetrischen Methoden charakterisiert. Anregung bei 274 nm ruft eine Fluoreszenz bei 315 nm hervor; diese Eigenschaft wurde zur Bestimmung der kritischen Micellenkonzentration (CMC) herangezogen. Es wurde ein geringfügig temperaturabhängiger Wert von 3.98×10−5 M gefunden (T min=25.35°C). Quenchexperimente mit 4-Nitroanilin ergaben eine Aggregationszahl von 42.0, viskosimetrische Untersuchungen einen hydrodynamischen Radius von 21.91 Å. Die erhaltenen Daten erlauben zusammen mit den Beziehungen nachTanford undEinstein-Stokes die Bestimmung der Micellenstruktur (sphärisch) und des Diffusionskoeffizienten (0.97×10−6 cm2/s). Das ΔG der Micellenbildung fürBDHC beträgt −34.9 kJ/mol.
    Notes: Summary A combination of fluorimetric and viscosimetric methods was used to characterize N,N-dimethyl-N-2-(4-(t-butylphenoxy)ethoxy)ethyl-N-hexadecylammonium chloride (BDHC), a doubletailed surfactant with dissimilar tail groups.BDHC was observed to fluoresce at 315 nm when excited at 274 nm, a feature which could be utilized to determine its critical micelle concentration (CMC). A value of 3.98×10−5 M was obtained and was observed to be slightly temperature dependent with aT min of 25.35°C. Fluorescence quenching experiments using 4-nitroaniline as a quencher were performed in order to determine the aggregation number which was found to be 42.0. The hydrodynamic radius of 21.91 Å was obtained using data from viscosimetric experiments. These data, together with theTanford andEinstein-Stokes relationships, were used to determine the micellar structure (spherical) and the diffusion coefficient (D=0.97×10−6 cm2/s), respectively. The ΔG of micellization forBDHC was determined to be −34.9 kJ/mol.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 39 (1983), S. 724-731 
    ISSN: 1600-5740
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: ROAM mutation ; Yarrowia lipolytica ; Lysine catabolism ; Regulation of lysine pool
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Reversions of a mutation lye 1.5 blocking the first step of the lysine catabolic pathway were isolated. These reversions mapped inside the LYC1 locus. They exhibited an alteration of the regulation of the lysine pool after nitrogen and phosphorus starvation. This phenomenon did not appear in sexual diploids homozygous for the reversion. Diploids homozygous for the mating type were constructed by protoplast fusion. They displayed a pattern similar to that of the haploids. We conclude that the expression of this mutation is under the control of the physiological state of the mating type.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 32 (1997), S. 80 -93 
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. A pesticide store near Hargeisa (Somaliland) was damaged by bombing in May 1988, and subsequently looted by local people, who removed and drained drums of chemicals. Assessment of the effects of resultant spillage during the dry season, March/April 1993, established that pesticides, mainly organochlorines (dieldrin and products and BHC isomers) and organophosphates (fenitrothion and malathion) had contaminated 3700 sq m of soil at up to 3728.0 (geometric mean 149.0) ppm (5180.0 g/m3) total insecticides. Reptiles avoided contamination above 1 ppm, and were absent above 10 ppm. Experimental contact with highly contaminated soil caused death in lizards—Hemidactylus parkeri and Mabuya s. striata—after 26.5 and 33.5 h, respectively (residue levels elevated over 2000-and 149-fold), and 100% mortality within 65 min in frogs Tomopterna cryptotis (geometric mean residue level elevated 168-fold). Sediment 350 m downstream of the spill contained dieldrin at 0.50 ppm (0.03–0.05 ppm after 1.6, to 9.0, km). Whole body residues of spillage vicinity lizards were up to 1.52 ppm wet weight (193.6 ppm lipid) total insecticides. Geometric mean of 0.36 ppm was elevated fivefold above mean background level of Hargeisa lizards in the valley below. Dieldrin and products was highest; the level of BHC isomers was also significantly higher than DDT. Geometric mean total insecticide level in Chalcides ragazzii and H. parkeri was four times higher than in surface-dwelling Pseuderemias smithi. Reptile species richness was habitat-influenced. Frogs without abnormalities present in mud of river-bed wells indicated uncontaminated ground water (organochlorine residues undetected). Low levels in frogs, and of M. s. striata in the vicinity of wells [geometric means 0.09 and 0.07 (ranges 0–0.48 and 0.01–0.31) ppm, respectively], implied that by 2.7 km downstream of the spill few residues were entering food chains.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 156 (1997), S. 864-869 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Carnitine ; Child ; Head injury ; Heart defects ; Sepsis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In order to characterize the role of carnitine during metabolic stress, we prospectively determined carnitine profiles in plasma and urine on admission, days 2, 5, 10 and 15, among 28 critically ill children free of any known conditions associated with secondary carnitine deficiency. More than 25% of plasma and 50% of urinary carnitine measurements were abnormal; 96% (27/28) of patients displayed on at least one occasion an abnormal [〈−2 SD or 〉+2 SD] carnitine value in plasma. Three children had extremely low [〈10 μmol/l] free carnitine (FC) levels in plasma. Plasma esterified and FC levels on admission were not related to the risk of mortality [PRISM score], to muscle lysis [CK values], and to the caloric intake. Levels of FC and esterified carnitine in plasma were unrelated to those measured in urine. Conclusion Abnormal plasma and urine carnitine measurements are frequently found in critically ill children; the biological significance of these perturbations remains unclear. Caution must be exercised before concluding that an abnormal carnitine value is indicative of an underlying hereditary metabolic disorder in this population.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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