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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sonographic demonstration of congenital adrenal hyperplasia in the neonate: The cerebriform pattern (1993)
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 23 (1993), S. 88-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Sonographic examination of the adrenal glands of three newborns with congenital adrenal hyperplasia demonstrated a cerebriform pattern. This is introduced as a sonographic feature specific to the disease. This finding in patients with ambiguous genitalia should suggest the diagnosis even if the adrenals are not significantly enlarged, and should prompt appropriate biochemical analysis and treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02012391
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hyperechoic thickened ependyma: Sonographic demonstration and significance in neonates (1994)
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 24 (1994), S. 550-553 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In the neonate, hyperechoic thickening of the ependyma is believed to be related to ventriculitis. Yet, in our experience, this sign is much more often observed in association with subacute intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), without infection. Sixty premature neonates were prospectively studied. The observations of transfontanellar sonograms (intracranial hemorrhage, ependymal echogenicity, and ventriculomegaly) were correlated with the results of MRI, lumbar punctures and clinical work-up. Intracranial hemorrhage was detected in 28 patients, and hyperechoic thickening of the ependyma was observed in 21 of them, all of whom had IVH. In 9 of these 21 patients IVH was diagnosed retrospectively thanks to the visualization of the hyperechoic ependyma. In all but one, this sign persisted for at least 2 months after disappearance of other signs of IVH. MRI demonstrated the presence of hemosiderin and ferritin in ependymal or subependymal location only in patients with hyperechoic ependyma. One of our patients had in utero diagnosis of IVH owing to the visualization of the same hyperechoic aspect of the ependyma. Nine of the neonates with hyperechoic ependyma developed ventriculomegaly, and three underwent surgery. Hyperechoic thickening of the ependyma in prematures often results from a subacute IVH. It is related to hemoglobin catabolites which can be detected by MRI. It does not require immediate potentially harmful diagnostic punctures. The presence of this hyperechoic rim allows a retrospective diagnosis of IVH and indicates a clinical and sonographic follow-up in newborns at risk for secondary hydrocephalus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02012729
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antenatal diagnosis of pulmonary tumours: report of two cases (1986)
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 16 (1986), S. 190-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report two cases of antenatal diagnosis of pulmonary tumours. In one case a bronchogenic cyst was connected with the bronchopulmonary tree and grew rapidly after birth. Thanks to the antenatal diagnosis, it was resected before any complication appeared. In the second case, congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation of the lung was associated with fetal anasarca. Initially cyst aspiration was carried out; then long-term drainage was attempted. These cases illustrate the impact of antenatal diagnosis on perinatal management.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02456284
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hepatic cysts and hyperechogenicities: Perinatal assessment and unifying theory on their origin (1994)
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 24 (1994), S. 569-572 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The authors report their experience with the perinatal diagnosis of six cases of hepatic cyst and six of liver hyperchogenicities. The in utero diagnosis of hepatic cysts was difficult when the cysts were large or subhepatic. A precise diagnosis was sometimes achieved only after surgery. Small intraparenchymal cysts tended to regress spontaneously. Liver hyperechogenicities were diffuse or localized. They were unrelated to liver infection, tumors, meconium peritonitis or biliary tract anomaly. Both entities could be related to vascular disruption phenomenon (VDP) in which structural anomalies result from damage to normal development of embryonic or fetal vessels with anomalies of perfusion to the developing organs. The consequences of VDP to the liver are variable depending on the time and duration of the phenomenon. Localized infarct or ischemia can fibrose or calcify leading to segmental hyperechogenicities. Necrosis with tissue reabsorption can be the origin of some (sub)hepatic cysts. When such anomalies are detected there should be a careful study of the placentation, and a search for potential associated anomalies should be undertaken.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02012734
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    US demonstration of pyelitis and ureteritis in children (1988)
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 18 (1988), S. 134-139 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The authors report a new ultrasonic sign of urinary tract infection in children: thickening of the renal pelvis and/or ureteral wall. This thickening as encountered in 10 children, (10 months to 12 years) all with urinary tract infection, appears to result from inflammatory changes and to correspond to a sonographic sign of pyelitis and ureteritis. These alterations of the walls are similar to striations and folds described in this pathology on intravenous pyelograms. The thickening was the only sign of abnormality of the urinary tract in two cases; it was observed without reflux in four cases. The demonstration of this pattern should lead to further uroradiological investigations and to appropriate treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02387557
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hyaline membrane disease in the newborn: Diagnosis by ultrasound (1990)
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 20 (1990), S. 143-146 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The authors report a new method of diagnosing hyaline membrane disease (HMD) in newborns: ultrasound. Babies with HMD display a specific pattern with retrohepatic hyperechogenicity on abdominal ultrasound. The specificity of the pattern was verified in 40 prematures with respiratory distress syndrome. The sign was present in 24, and in 22 of these the final diagnosis was moderate or marked HMD. In the last 2, mild HMD was suggested. The pattern was absent in the 16 others, none of whom had HMD. The pattern probably results from an ultrasound artifact: summation of multiple aerated airways surrounded by collapsed alveoli. Follow-up examinations were possible in 13 babies with HMD. Hyperechogenicity disappeared in 8 of these patients within 6–9 days and in 3 within 10–20 days; it persisted for 60 and 70 days in 2 with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. In conclusion, retrohepatic hyperechogenicity in newborns is pathognomonic for HMD and allows an instant diagnosis. The persistence of the pattern could be a useful criterion for evaluation of the prognosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02012957
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ovarian torsion cyst presenting as a wandering tumor in a newborn: antenatal diagnosis and post natal assessment (1983)
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 13 (1983), S. 169-171 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Keywords: Ovarian torsion cyst ; US ; Antenatal diagnosis ; Wandering tumors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A case of an in-utero torsion ovarian cyst is reported. The diagnosis was made antenatally and the 4-cm cystic mass was followed by US from birth until the age of 3 months. Surgery was delayed until the baby reached a satisfactory weight. In the mean-while, the follow-up studies showed the mass to wander in the abdomen. Surgery revealed an ovarian cyst. Ovarian torsion cysts should be considered in the differential diagnosis of wandering tumors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01624410
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Atypical and equivocal sonographic features of the spinal cord in neonates (1995)
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 25 (1995), S. 429-432 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Thanks to the wider use of sonography to examine the spinal content in the neonate, normal anatomy and anomalies may be detected easily. Yet, unusual sonographic patterns are also observed. These must be differentiated from true pathologies. During a prospective study of 103 neurologically asymptomatic neonates, atypical sonographic patterns were found in 16 patients, corresponding to normal variants in 13. Nine of these 13 patients presented with a widening of the distal part of the central echo complex (one had a dilated ventriculus terminalis). Nerve roots of the cauda equina were disposed asymmetrically in three patients; the spinal cord movements were still present. In two of these babies, this distribution was associated with thin arachnoid pseudocysts. One patient presented with transitorily hyperechoic and narrow subdural spaces, probably related to neonatal dehydration. None of the 13 patients showing normal variants required any treatment. The other 3 patients (of 16) presented with equivocal entities of unknown evolution: sonographic tethered cord, fibrolipoma of the filum terminale and epidural varices. Sonography is highly accurate in evaluating the spinal cord content and aids differentiation of normal and normal variants from equivocal or pathological entities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02019055
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sonographic prediction of chronic lung disease in the premature undergoing mechanical ventilation (1996)
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 26 (1996), S. 463-469 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The aims of the study are to investigate the possible role of ultrasound (US) of the chest in predicting the development of chronic lung disease (CLD) in patients with hyaline membrane disease (HMD) and to determine the optimal age for the sonographic examination. One hundred and five consecutive prematures undergoing mechanical ventilation were prospectively studied by US of the chest. The US examinations were performed at birth and at least once a week until discharge from the neonatal unit. The sonographic patterns observed behind the diaphragm and their evolutions were recorded and correlated with the clinical and radiological data at day 28, which corresponds to the currently accepted limit for determining the presence of CLD. CLD is currently defined as oxygen dependency on day 28 with radiographic abnormalities. A diffuse retrodiaphragmatic hyperechogenicity was observed in all the patients with HMD. The hyperechogenicity resolved completely in patients with an uncomplicated clinical evolution. In contrast, in patients with CLD the hyperechogenicity resolved only partially, resulting in less diffuse and less extensive hyperechogenicity. Day 18 was the earliest day where the persistence of the abnormal retrodiaphragmatic hyperechogenicity was observed in 100 % of the patients presenting CLD at day 28. At that time, 95.2 % of the patients without abnormal hyperechogenicity showed uncomplicated evolution and no CLD. US can be a useful diagnostic tool to determine the occurrence of CLD and to predict as early as day 18 the prematures at risk for the disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01377203
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pulmonary sequestration-like anomaly presenting as a spontaneously resolving mass (1991)
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 21 (1991), S. 143-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A premature baby boy presented at birth with respiratory distress. A right lower lobe opacity was found on chest X-ray. Pulmonary sequestration was the diagnosis suggested by ultrasound. The size of the mass decreased on subsequent examinations. 4 months later X-rays and sonography failed to demonstrate any remaining mass. This case illustrates another example of involutive pathology and suggests that not all pulmonary sequestration-like anomalies should be operated on.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02015633
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