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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A double-blind group comparative study of ophthalmic sodium cromoglycate, 2% four times daily and 4% twice daily, in the treatment of seasonal allergic conjunctivitis (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 49 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In a multicenter, double-blind, single-dummy, group-comparative study, 169 patients received ophthalmic sodium cromoglycate 2% four times daily, and 170 patients received 4% ophthalmic sodium cromoglycate twice daily, together with placebo eye-drops twice daily, for the treatment of seasonal allergic conjunctivitis (SAC) to birch pollen. The treatment period was 4 weeks during the birch pollen season. Daily pollen counts were used to identify the peak 14-d period. Clinical examinations were made before the start of treatment, after 1 week of treatment, and at the end of the treatment period. Patients kept daily diary record cards of eye symptom severity and concomitant therapy. Symptoms were generally mild and, except for chemosis (week 4) and soreness (weeks 2 and 3), which were less in the 4% group (P〈inlineGraphic alt="leqslant R: less-than-or-eq, slant" extraInfo="nonStandardEntity" href="urn:x-wiley:01054538:ALL147:les" location="les.gif"/〉0.05), no significant treatment differences were seen for symptoms or for antihistamine rescue therapy. Both treatments were considered to be very or moderately effective by more than 90% of patients, and no treatment differences occurred in either clinicians’ or patients’ opinions of efficacy. The results indicate that the use of 4% sodium cromoglycate eye-drops twice daily is as effective and well tolerated as 2% sodium cromoglycate four times daily in the treatment of birch-pollen conjunctivitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1994.tb00817.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vivo relationship between collagenase-2 and interleukin-8 but not tumour necrosis factor-α in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 60 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background:  The characteristic feature of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) is eosinophilic inflammation of the sinus mucosa; a type of inflammation also seen in asthmatic airways. Similar histopathologic findings of airway remodelling are present in both diseases. Remodelling is tightly controlled by matrix metalloproteinases (MMP). Increase of collagenase-2 (MMP-8) expression in the bronchial epithelial cells has been described in asthmatic patients, but it has not been studied in CRSwNP.Methods:  The concentrations and degree of activation of MMP-8 were analysed by immunofluorometric assay and Western blotting, respectively, in sinus mucus samples from CRSwNP patients and in nasal lavages from healthy controls in relation to inductive cytokines interleukin-8 (IL-8) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α).Results:  Significantly elevated levels of MMP-8 and IL-8 but not TNF-α were found in CRSwNP patients relative to controls. In particular, the activation of mesenchymal-type MMP-8 but not polymorphonuclear-type MMP-8 was associated with elevated IL-8 levels.Conclusions:  The IL-8 and MMP-8 seemingly form an inductive cytokine-proteinase cascade in CRSwNP pathogenesis. Together they provide a target for novel therapies and a diagnostic tool for monitoring CRSwNP treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.2005.00888.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE NUCLEAR STRUCTURE OF HEAVY-ACTINIDE AND TRANS ACTINIDE NUCLEI* (2004)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science 54 (2004), S. 175-215 
    Details
    ISSN: 0163-8998
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: One can extract unique information about the nuclear interaction from the study of the heaviest elements. They exist solely on the basis of quantum effects, which create a barrier against spontaneous fission. The important questions concern the end of the periodic table and the location of the next closed nucleon shells. Considerable progress was achieved during the past few years in structure studies in this region. This was made possible by the development of detector systems for decay and in-beam studies using recoil separators and heavy ion fusion reactions. We concentrate on these developments and on recent results from structure studies in the region from einsteinium to dubnium. We present recent data on the elements 110 (darmstadtium), 111, and 112, and discuss claims for the synthesis of even heavier elements. We discuss the implications of these studies for predicting the location of the next spherical shells and give a brief outlook on the future.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.nucl.53.041002.110332
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Double-blind group comparative study of 2% nedocromil sodium eye drops with 2% sodium cromoglycate and placebo eye drops in the treatment of seasonal allergic conjunctivitis (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 22 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A 4 week, multicentre, double-blind, double dummy, placebo controlled group comparative study was carried out during the birch pollen season to compare the efficacy and tolerability of 2% nedocromil sodium eye drops (twice daily) and 2% sodium cromoglycate eye drops (four times daily). Participants with a history of seasonal allergic conjunctivitis (SAC) were randomized to receive nedocromil sodium (60), sodium cromoglycate (61) or placebo (64). Clinical assessment of SAC showed improvement with both active treatments compared to placebo but symptomatology was low and only changes in photophobia and grittiness reached significance (P 〈 0.05). Patient diaries showed significant control of itching by both active treatments, compared to placebo, with no differences between the active preparations. Patients’ opinions indicated a marked placebo effect: 73% of this group reported full or moderate control of symptoms, compared with 75% in sodium cromoglycate and 80% in the nedocromil sodium group. Unusual symptoms were most common (27 patients) with nedocromil sodium eye drops: P 〈 0.05 vs. placebo (15 patients). There were no serious adverse events. Nedocromil sodium eye drops (b.d.) and sodium cromoglycate eye drops (q.i.d.) were both considered clinically more effective than placebo in controlling symptoms of SAC due to birch pollen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1992.tb02066.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intranasal exposure to a damp building mould, Stachybotrys chartarum, induces lung inflammation in mice by satratoxin-independent mechanisms (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 33 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Stachybotrys chartarum is a damp building mould and a potent toxin producer that has been related to serious cases of respiratory health problems. However, the direct link between exposure and health symptoms has not been established.Objective To examine the mechanism by which exposure to spores of satratoxin producing and non-producing S. chartarum strains induce inflammatory responses in murine lungs.Methods BALB/c mice were intranasally exposed for 3 weeks to spores of a satratoxin-producing and a non-producing S. chartarum strain. Inflammatory cell infiltration was characterized from bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid. Cytokine and chemokine mRNA expression in lung tissue was measured with real-time PCR. Bronchial responsiveness to methacholine (MCh) was determined by whole-body plethysmography and serum antibody levels by ELISA.Results A dose-dependent increase in monocytes, neutrophils and lymphocytes was observed in BAL fluid after intranasal (i.n.) instillation of S. chartarum spores. There was no difference in the BAL between exposure to the satratoxin-producing and the non-producing strains. Infiltration of inflammatory cells was associated with an induction of pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α) and chemokine (CCL3/MIP-1α, CCL4/MIP-1β and CCL2/MCP-1) mRNA levels in the lungs. Interestingly, CXCL5/LIX was the only chemokine that showed significantly higher mRNA levels after exposure to the satratoxin-producing strain compared with the non-producing strain. MCh-induced bronchial responsiveness was not altered significantly after mould instillation. Moreover, no significant increase in total or specific IgE, IgG2a and IgG1 antibody levels were found after S. chartarum exposure.Conclusion These results indicate that lung inflammation induced by i.n. instillations of S. chartarum spores is regulated by the induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and leucocyte-attracting chemokines. The data also imply that S. chartarum-derived components, other than satratoxins, are mediating the development of this inflammatory response.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.2003.01808.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Patterns of intense physical activity among 15- to 30-year-old Finns (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports 6 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0838
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Sports Science
    Notes: Previous studies have reported increasing trends in physical activity in the Finnish population. These reports have not, however, included the perspective of cardiorespiratory stress in adolecent and young adults. We examined the present patterns of physical activity among Finnish adolescents and young adults in 1992. We specifically assessed whether the young people experience the volume of physical activity that is believed to stress the cardiorespiratory system appropriately in order to increase the level of fitness. The subjects in the present study were participants of a large multicenter study of atherosclerosis precursors in children and young adults. Physical activity was measured with a self-administered questionnaire in 2255 adolescents and young adults (1015 males and 1240 females). The proportion of subjects undertaking the volume of physical activity believed to benefit the cardiorespiratory system appropriately was 19%. The proportion was higher in males than in females (26 vs. 13%). The proportion of active subjects became smaller in older age groups in both sexes. Half the study population (51% of the males; 48%) of the females) reported frequent leisure-time physical activity less than once a month. In conclusion, Finnish adolescents and young adults have low levels of physical activity on the average, and many young Finns seldom undertake the volume of physical activity believed to benefit the cardiopulmonary system. Young males seem to be physically more active than females.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.1996.tb00068.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Headspace of roasted ground coffee as an indicator of storage time
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Food Chemistry 36 (1990), S. 135-148 
    Details
    ISSN: 0308-8146
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0308-8146(90)90097-N
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of changes in headspace volatiles of some coffee blends during storage
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Food Chemistry 43 (1992), S. 35-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 0308-8146
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0308-8146(92)90238-W
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Response to the report of the transfermium working group
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics 31 (1993), S. 241-243 
    Details
    ISSN: 0146-6410
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0146-6410(93)90053-I
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in volatile compounds and odour characteristics in Arabica and Robusta coffees during storage
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Food Quality and Preference 4 (1993), S. 104-105 
    Details
    ISSN: 0950-3293
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0950-3293(93)90420-B
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