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  • Artikel: DFG Deutsche Nationallizenzen  (198)
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  • ZIB Katalog
  • Artikel: DFG Deutsche Nationallizenzen  (198)
Materialart
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  • 2000-2004
  • 1990-1994  (72)
  • 1975-1979  (126)
  • 1935-1939
  • 1820-1829
Jahr
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 71 (1993), S. 452-460 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Schlagwort(e): Electron microscopy ; Alveolitis ; Pulmonary fibrosis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Lung specimens of 21 patients with diffuse interstitial lung disease were examined. The present ultrastructural study outlines the topography and distribution of inflammatory changes in the interstitium, endothelium, and in pneumocytes and phagocytes. Alveolitis is characterized by marked regenerative activity of type II pneumocytes (cuboid metaplasia), intraluminal macrophage accumulation, endothelial swelling, multilamination of the endothelial basement membrane, pericapillary edema, and primarily by cellular infiltrates in the interstitial space. The most prominent feature of the interstitium in pulmonary fibrosis is the lack of immunoinflammatory cells. In some areas there is a marked absence of alveolar lumen while only a small number of macrophages are present in the remaining alveolar lumen. Most of the capillaries in the fibrous septum have been destroyed. Ultrastructural studies of lung biopsies in patients with diffuse interstitial lung disease allow the differentiation between alveolitis and pulmonary fibrosis and thus contribute to a therapeutic decision.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Child's nervous system 9 (1993), S. 246-249 
    ISSN: 1433-0350
    Schlagwort(e): Infantile myofibromatosis, solitary type ; Intracranial myofibromatosis ; Immunohistochemistry ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract An unusual case of infantile myofibromatosis of the solitary type occurring in an intracranial location in a 48-day-old female infant is presented. To our knowledge, there are no other descriptions in the literature of infantile myofibromatosis with exclusively intracranial involvement. The immunohistochemical and electron microscopic findings confirm the myofibroblastic origin of the proliferation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Trees 8 (1993), S. 75-84 
    ISSN: 1432-2285
    Schlagwort(e): Picea abies (L.) Karst ; Freezing injury ; Acid rain ; Carbohydrate histochemistry ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The cellular structures of acid rain-irrigated needles of several provenances of Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst) seedlings were studied after winter experimental freezing. Frost injuries and recovery were characterized by visual damage scoring and classification of mesophyll cell alterations, also using histochemical methods for carbohydrate fluorescent staining. The treatment with-30° C during the late dormancy period was sufficient to cause significant injuries and intracellular degradation in the tissues of the green needles. The most affected seedlings in terms of visual injury scoring were found among those treated with clean water or at pH 3, while freezing injury, defined as an occlusion of phenolic substances in the central vacuole of the mesophyll cells, was most abundant in the needles from spruces irrigated either with clean water or at pH 4 or pH 3. Electron microscopy revealed the details of the injury, e. g. thinning out of the cytoplasm and chloroplast stroma, darkening of the chloroplasts and eventually swelling of the chloroplasts and protoplast. PAS and ConA reactions in the needle tissue revealed intense starch accumulation in the mesophyll and transfusion tissues as early as in March, with a tendency to increase, especially in the untreated needles during the recovery period. Plasma membrane disturbances were indicated by histochemical identification of callose deposits in the mesophyll cell walls, these being most abundant in the acid rain-treated needles. All these findings suggest that freezing at −30° C was more deleterious to the seedlings pretreated with acid or clean water than to those not given additional irrigation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Trees 8 (1993), S. 23-30 
    ISSN: 1432-2285
    Schlagwort(e): Wound responses ; Hardwoods ; Xylem parenchyma ; Suberization ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Wound responses of xylem parenchyma by suberization were investigated in some hardwoods by light and electron microscopy. Suberized ray and axial parenchyma cells form a distinct boundary around the wound in all investigated species. Vessels and fibres within and close behind the suberized area appeared more or less occluded; vessels in Fagus, Quercus, and Populus contained suberized tyloses, those in Betula and Tilia contained amorphous and fibrillar deposits. A common mechanism for suberin deposition in the parenchyma cells became evident. Cisternae of the endoplasmic reticulum were apparently involved in suberization. Suberin compounds are extruded by cytoplasmic vesicles, which fused with the plasma membrane, in order to release their content. The suberin layer exhibited the typical lamellated structure; cytoplasmic continuity between suberized cells by plasmodesmata was maintained through the suberin layer. Fagus revealed the most intense suberized area as compared with the other species. Within the reaction zone of Fagus and Quercus, some individual ray and axial parenchyma cells exhibited a subdivision into 2 or 3 compartments prior to suberization. Subdivision was achieved by the formation of a primary wall-like layer. Subsequently, the compartments became individually suberized. Wounding during winter did not induce suberization. Also, samples wounded and kept under water during the vegetation period showed no response. The role of suberization in the effectivity of wound-associated compartmentalization is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Schlagwort(e): Chromomycosis ; Skin ; Granuloma ; Immunohistochemistry ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The cell-mediated immune reaction was studied in the cutaneous lesion of chromomycosis, using monoclonal antibodies against polymorphonuclear neutrophils, macrophage and lymphocyte subsets, endothelial and fibroblast cells. In addition, immunostaining of the main degradative enzymes (neutrophil elastase and interstitial collagenase) and certain important cytokines (transforming growth factor-β, tumour necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ) suggested an explanation for the granulomatous reaction and the associated tissue remodelling. The distribution pattern of neutrophils and macrophage subsets, observed by computer-aided image analysis, suggests that the in situ persistence of fungi is the main pathological factor.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Schlagwort(e): Solitary fibrous tumour ; Mesenchymal tumour ; Thyroid ; Immunohistochemistry ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract We describe three cases of solitary fibrous tumour (SFT) arising from thyroid stroma. Grossly, the tumours were clearly delimited but only partly encapsulated. The following histomorphological growth patterns were observed: bundles of cells in storiform configuration; non-structured bundles; prevalence of fibrous matrix; highly cellular, non-structured; prevalence of loose, non-structured extracellular substance; cellular proliferation and vascular spaces in a haemangiopericytic configuration and a lipomatous component. Immunohistochemical investigation demonstrated intense, diffuse vimentin positivity and focal, less intense actin positivity in all three cases. At electron microscopy we observed a primitive cell of mesenchymal type, with cytoplasm poor in organelles and rich in filaments; this cell sometimes presented differentiation characteristics. SFT is at present the most correct term for the lesions presented here despite some morphological characteristics which differ from cases reported in the literature.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Schlagwort(e): Multiple papillary adenomas ; Type II pneumocyte ; Von Recklinghausen's disease ; Immunohistochemistry ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract A case of multiple papillary adenomas of type II pneumocytes is reported. A 13-year-old boy with von Recklinghausen's disease had small nodular lesions in both lungs without symptoms. The biopsied lung contained greyish-white nodules ranging in size from 0.5 to 2 mm. Light microscopic examination revealed cuboidal to low columnar cells arranged in a papillary pattern. Elastic fibres were present in the tumour stroma. Electron microscopically, the cells had osmiophilic lamellar bodies in the cytoplasm and short microvilli along the free border. The tumour cells expressed immunoreactivity for epithelial membrane antigen and surfactant apoprotein antibodies. More than 6 years after open lung biopsy, the patient is well but small nodular shadows can still be identified.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 423 (1993), S. 469-476 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Schlagwort(e): Ciliary regulation ; Cytoskeleton ; Bronchial epithelium ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Observations of explanted bronchial mucosa show that ciliary function is maintained for 7 days subsequent to explantation. This finding demonstrates that non-neural mechanisms exist which regulate ciliary function. Ultrastructural and immunohistochemical studies both for light and electron microscopy were performed on human bronchial biopsy material and lung resection specimens in order to recognize the morphological substrate of this regulatory mechanism. A complex system of cytokeratin filaments and microtubules radiate through the whole cytoplasm of ciliated cells with direct contact to the nucleus, cilia, microvilli, desmosomes and to the apical terminal adhesive complex. Between the basal bodies and the apical terminal adhesive complex microfilaments can be found. In the apical cytoplasm a dense filamentary network is seen in association with the adhesive complex. These morphological findings indicate that the cytoskeleton of the bronchial epithelium plays a key role in the co-ordination of ciliary function.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 423 (1993), S. 91-95 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Schlagwort(e): Muscle regeneration ; Myonuclei ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Muscle regeneration was studied by light and electron microscopy in a case of exercise-induced acute myoglobinuria in a young patient with carnitinepalmityl-transferase deficiency. Various stages of regeneration existed in the foci of necrosis scattered throughout apparently normal muscle. Activated satellite cells, myoblasts and myotubes were found, some of them containing myofibrils. Among the cells accumulating in the necrotic fibres, some apparently contained surviving myonuclei. In some fibres of normal size, developing myofibrils were abundant. Surviving myonuclei may be of significance in the reaction of muscle cells after injury.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 423 (1993), S. 39-43 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Schlagwort(e): Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; Bacterial adherence ; Bronchial mucosa ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The route of bacterial infection of the lower respiratory tract is generally one of descent subsequent to colonisation of the oral and oropharyngeal mucosa. The interaction betweenPseudomonas aeruginosa (wild type) and the bronchial epithelium was studied in bronchial mucosal probes cultured in tissue culture medium. It was possible to demonstrate that, even after loss of the mucus layer, adherence between the bacteria and the bronchial epithelium does not take place if ciliary function remains intact. Only after mechanical destruction of the bronchial epithelium, in proximity to squamous metaplasia or after loss or malfunction of the cilia of the bronchial epithelial cells was adhesion between bacteria and bronchial epithelial cells or basement membrane demonstrated by electron microscopy. After loss of the cilia following adenovirus-infection, adhesion betweenP. aeruginosa and the bronchial epithelial cells was visible. These results indicate that ciliary function must be of crucial significance in bacterial epithelial colonisation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 11
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 422 (1993), S. 239-245 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Schlagwort(e): Parachordoma ; Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma ; Chordoma ; Immunohistochemistry ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract A case of parachordoma of the left calf in a 19-year-old Chinese female is reported. The tumour showed multinodular growth pattern and consisted of round or oval tumour cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm and myxoid matrix. Tumour cells formed small nests and sometimes showed concentric arrangement. Physaliferous-like cells and undifferentiated spindle cells were occasionally observed among the cell nests. The myxoid matrix was positive for high-iron diamine stain, indicating the presence of chondroitin 4- and 6- sulphates and keratan sulphate. Ultrastructurally, well-developed rough endoplasmic reticulum, abundant intermediate filaments, microvillous cytoplasmic processes, pinocytic vesicles, and desmosome-like junctional structures were found. Tumour cells were positive for S-100 protein and vimentin, but negative for cytokeratin, epithelial membrane antigen, carcinoembryonic antigen, and desmin. These results are consistent with the definition of parachordoma as a soft tissue neoplasm consisting of cells with histology and ultrastructure similar to those of chordoma cells but with immunohistochemistry similar to that of chondroid tumour cells.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 12
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Urological research 21 (1993), S. 383-388 
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Schlagwort(e): Bladder dysfunction ; Electron microscopy ; Histology ; X-irradiation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The aim of this research was to establish a small animal model for the functional and morphological study of post-irradiation bladder dysfunction. Young adult female Wistar rats were X-irradiated with single doses of 10, 15, 20 or 25 Gy. Filling cystometry was performed to assess changes in reservoir function: the volume infused to produce a rise in intravesical pressure of 5 cmH2O was calculated as an index of compliance. A biphasic reduction in this index was noted in animals receiving 15–25 Gy; the first reduction developed at about 4 weeks, and the second started at 3–4 months and persisted at 6 months. Bladder tissue was taken at this time (6 months post-irradiation) for morphological study. Histological examination demonstrated an increased mast cell density in the irradiated bladders, but was otherwise non-specific; fibrosis was discernible in only half of the 18 animals studied. Electron microscopy showed focal degeneration of smooth muscle cells, and in some areas there was selective degeneration of unmyelinated axon profiles. The biphasic reduction in the compliance index is consistent with the timing of the symptoms of the acute and late irradiation reactions reported by radiotherapy patients. Changes in axon profiles and mast cell density may be of functional significance.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 13
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 121 (1993), S. 143-147 
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Schlagwort(e): Electron microscopy ; Farmer's lung ; Saccharopolyspora rectivirgula ; Thermoactinomyces vulgaris
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The fine structure ofThermoactinomyces vulgaris andSaccharopolyspora rectivirgula is described by transmission electron microscopy. These two bacteria are the most common microbes causing farmer's lung. The fine structure of hyphae, germination of endospores and the details of conidial wall layers ofT. vulgaris, as well as the fine structure of septate hypha and globose, polygonal conidia ofS. rectivirgula are described. The conidial wall ofT. vulgaris consisted of an inner multilayered spore coat, intermediate spore coat and outer spore coat. The findings are important for the investigations to find fragments of these bacteria in the lungs of exposed patients and experimental animals.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 14
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 187 (1993), S. 131-138 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Schlagwort(e): Beak skin ; Quail ; Free nerve ending ; Merkel nerve ending ; Grandry corpuscle ; Herbst corpuscle ; Ruffini corpuscle ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary This study is concerned with the distribution and ultrastructure of sensory nerve endings in the beak skin of adult Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). The following nerve endings were found: free nerve endings, clusters of dermal Merkel nerve endings, Herbst corpuscles and Ruffmi corpuscles. The latter were found only in the dermis of the tip of the upper beak. The remaining endings were present in the skin of all areas of upper and lower beak. Free nerve endings were supplied by either thin myelinated axons or unmyelinated C-fibers and were localized in the dermis close to the basal layer of the epidermis. Merkel cells formed clusters (up to 50) localized below and between the epidermal cones of the beak skin. Disc-shaped thickenings of nerve endings were squeezed between individual Merkel cells. Small Herbst corpuscles were found in the dermis close to the epidermal cones of the beak skin. Large Herbst corpuscles occurred in deep layers of the dermis. The Ruffmi corpuscles were cylindrical in shape (80 μm × 400 μm) and arranged in groups of up to ten corpuscles. Each corpuscle was surrounded by an incomplete fibrous capsule.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 15
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 85 (1993), S. 323-326 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Schlagwort(e): Creutzfeld-Jakob disease ; Electron microscopy ; Giant collagen plaques
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary We report two cases of Creutzfeld-Jakob disease with clusters of giant collagen fibers. To our knowledge, these abnormally large collagen fibers have never been described in patients with degenerative diseases of the central nervous system. The significance of the formation of such plaque-like large collagen fibers has as yet not been elucidated. It is felt that these represent a product of the degenerative process.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 16
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 86 (1993), S. 42-48 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Schlagwort(e): Streptozotocin diabetes ; Electron microscopy ; Giant axonopathy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The ultrastructure of peripheral sensory nerves was investigated in adult Wistar rats suffering from experimental diabetes mellitus 6 and 10 weeks after the injection of streptozotocin. Giant axons were seen in sections from the nerves of streptozotocintreated rats; some contained masses of neurofilaments, others were predominantly filled with ill-defined vesicles. At the swollen axons, the myelin sheath was thinned or absent. In other regions, large intramyelinic vacuoles were observed. A number of nerve fibers broke down completely and underwent Wallerian degeneration. This was accompanied by Schwann cell proliferation and formation of Büngner bands. Concomitantly with axonal degeneration, nerve regeneration started from intact internodes. The pathomorphology of streptozotocin diabetic neuropathy closely resembles that of some toxic distal axonopathies. This points to a common metabolic basis of giant axonopathies of different etiology.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 17
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Schlagwort(e): Pituitary adenoma ; Gigantism ; Electron microscopy ; Immunocytochemistry ; Cell culture
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary A pituitary adenoma was transsphenoidally removed from a 4.5-year-old girl suffering from gigantism. Prior to the operation both the growth hormone (GH) and the prolactin (PRL) levels in the serum were elevated. By light microscopy the tumor appeared to be an acidophilic adenoma. Two distinct cell types, the densely granulated and the sparsely granulated cells, could be distinguished by electron microscopy. Double immunolabeling revealed the presence of GH alone in some densely granulated cells and PRL alone in some sparsely granulated cells, as well as GH and PRL co-localized in both of the morphologically distinguished cell types. Both cell types were identified in the monolayer and the suspension cultures by electron microscopy. GH and PRL concentrations in the culture media were measured by radioimmunoassay. The basal secretion of growth hormone was almost uniform during the 3-week cell culture period. GH and PRL release was significantly inhibited by bromocriptine. Our studies revealed a bimorphous and bihormonal mixed adenoma in childhood.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 18
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Schlagwort(e): Dialysis encephalopathy ; Aluminium ; Silver staining ; Laser microprobe ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Recently we described silver-staining variants for the demonstration of β/A4 amyloid and neurofibrillary tangles in senile dementia of Alzheimer type (SDAT). The same methods allowed, for the first time, the visualization of characteristical patterns and distinct morphological changes in human dialysis-associated encephalopathy. Light and electron microscopy demonstrated typical silver-stained inclusions in the cytoplasm of choroidal epithelium, glia and neurons. Performing laser microprobe mass analysis on en-bloc silver-stained semithin sections, evidence for significant amounts of aluminum was obtained within the lesions. Prominent aluminum-signals were obtained additionally in adjacent structures and nuclei of sections which were stained with toluidin-blue exclusively. Silver-stained paraffin sections of ten patients with a history of long-term hemodialysis were evaluated. The choroidal epithelium-obviously the most sensitive structure-showed black inclusions ranging from a few dots to a complete black staining of cells. Glial cells presented massive silver-stained deposits, which were restricted to the gray matter. Finally, neurons revealed numerous fine-granular black inclusions, scattered throughout the cytoplasm. Brain stem nuclei were primarily affected, but neurons within cortex, subcortical gray matter and spinal cord were also involved to various degrees; inclusions were not evident in the nucleus dentatus and the oliva inferior. Vessel-related deposits were found frequently. By electron microscopy the cytoplasm of neurons was filled either with large amounts of small electron-dense granules, or with lipofuscin granules, containing numerous irregular, non-membrane-bound inclusions. Massive electron-dense depositions were seen in the cytoplasm of choroidal epithelia and in proximity to nuclei of cortical astro- and oligodendroglia. The described neuronal changes and, in particular, alterations of choroidal epithelium and glia are completely different from characteristic plaques and tangles in SDAT.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 19
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 285 (1993), S. 255-260 
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Schlagwort(e): Human papillomavirus ; In situ hybridization ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Electron microscopic in situ hybridization (EMISH) of common warts (verrucae vulgares) of the hands was performed using a biotinylated human papillomavirus type 2a (HPV-2a) DNA probe and immunogold labelling of ultrathin sections of 2% glutaraldehyde-fixed, Lowicryl K4M-embedded tissues. It was first established that the warts contained HPV-2a DNA by light microscopic in situ hybridization. The HPV-2a probe chiefly labelled cells in the horny, granular and upper spinous layers of the epidermis, and labelling decreased towards the basal cell layer. The gold particles were located precisely on the viral particles in the nuclei of granular cells. The lower limit of detection by EMISH was found to be the keratinocytes of the third cellular layer above the basal cells. These keratinocytes showed evidence of a viral cytopathic effect, suggesting that vegetative DNA replication in infected keratinocytes occurs at least as early as this level of the epidermis.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 20
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Schlagwort(e): Chondrocytes ; High-density suspension culture ; Electron microscopy ; Matrix vesicle ; Apatite formation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Physik
    Notizen: Summary Chondrocyte cultures grown in centrifuge tubes with intermittent centrifugation differentiate into hypertrophic chondrocytes and form calcification. We examined chondrocytes cultured in this system electron microscopically. Rat growth-plate chondrocytes were seeded in a plastic centrifuge tube and cultured in the presence of Eagle's minimum essential medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and 50 μg of ascorbic acid per ml. Specimens were examined by using electron microscopy and selected-area electron-diffraction techniques. In the early stage of culture, a few chondrocytes were scattered and extracellular matrices were not observed. In the middle stage of the cultures, the chondrocytes resembled proliferative cells. Matrix vesicles appeared to be budding from the cell surfaces of chondrocytes and were observed sparsely in the extracellular matrices, which were well formed around the chondrocytes. Matrix vesicles increased substantially during the following cultures. In the mature stage of the cultures, crystal formation related to matrix vesicles was observed. In the 33-day cultures, several masses of calcified matrix were formed and it was confirmed to be apatite by selected-area electron diffraction analysis. The chondrocytes appeared hypertrophic during this same stage. The 56-day culture was similar to the 33-day culture. It was concluded that this culture system provides an extracellular-matrix mineralization which is produced by chondrocytes per se.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 21
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 160 (1993), S. 284-287 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Schlagwort(e): Bacterial glucoamylase ; Clostridium thermosacharolyticum ; Cellular location ; Activity states ; Macromolecular organization ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract By application of immunocytochemical techniques at the electron microscope level, glucoamylase was localized to the cell periphery in Clostridium thermosaccharolyticum during and following growth on starch, sucrose or glucose. Levels of immunolabelling were found to be relatively independent of growth substrate and of phase of growth, whereas previous studies had demonstrated strong dependence of glucoamylase activity on growth conditions; previously high levels of glucoamylase activity had been detected after growth on starch (i.e. during the stationary phase after growth) and only very low activities detected during exponential growth and following growth on glucose. The results presented demonstrate that levels of the glucoamylase protein are independent of measurable enzyme activity, and imply that the protein is constitutive. This indicates that the protein can exist in active and inactive states in the cell. By analogy with similar systems, we consider it likely that “maturation” or “activation” of newly synthesized glucoamylase occurs during (or following) transport through the cytoplasmic membrane. Electron microscopy of individual protein molecules which had been subjected to negative staining revealed that the enzyme consists of two domains of approximately equal size which are linked by a “hinge” region.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 22
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Schlagwort(e): Trichoderma reesei ; Xylanase ; Ultrastructural localization ; Immunogold labelling ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The intracellular location of the “low-molecular weight, alkaline” xylanase (XYN II) of Trichoderma reesei RUT C-30 was investigated during growth on xylan, using immunoelectron microscopy. A monoclonal antibody, produced against XYN II, was used for this purpose. The enzyme was found at the endoplasmic reticulum and in electron dense 0.2 to 0.8 μm vesicles, as well as in the vacuole, at the plasma membrane and in the fungal cell-wall. No staining occured in the cytoplasm, the mitochondria and the nucleus. No Golgi-like structures could be seen. Addition of the carboxylic ionophore monensin blocked xylanase as well as total protein secretion. The results are discussed with respect to XYN II being secreted by T. reesei via a pathway involving the endoplasmic reticulum and secretory vesicles and/or the vacuole.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 23
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Schlagwort(e): Malonomonas rubra ; Propionigenium modestum ; Malonate decarboxylase ; Methylmalonyl-CoA decarboxylase ; Biotin ; Avidin ; Electron microscopy ; High pressure freezing ; Immunolabeling
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Malonate decarboxylase of Malonomonas rubra is a complex enzyme system involving cytoplasmic and membrane-bound components. One of these is a biotin-containing protein of Mr 120'000, the location of which in the cytoplasm was deduced from the following criteria: (i) If the cytoplasm was incubated with avidin and the malonate decarboxylase subsequently completed with the membrane fraction the decarboxylase activity was abolished. The corresponding incubation of the membrane with avidin, however, was without effect. (ii) Western blot analysis identified the single biotin-containing polypeptide of Mr 120'000 within the cytoplasm. (iii) Transmission electron micrographs of immuno-gold labeled M. rubra cells clearly showed the location of the biotinyl protein within the cytoplasm, whereas the same procedure with Propionigenium modestum cells indicated the location of the biotin enzyme methylmalonyl-CoA decarboxylase in the cell membrane. The biotin-containing protein of the M. rubra malonate decarboxylase enzyme system was not retained by monomeric avidin-Sepharose columns but could be isolated with this column in a catalytically inactive form in the presence of detergents. If the high binding affinity of tetrameric avidin towards biotin was reduced by destructing part of the tryptophan residues by irradiation or oxidation with periodate, the inhibition of malonate decarboxylase by the modified avidin was partially reversed with an excess of biotin. Attempts to purify the biotin protein in its catalytically active state using modified avidin columns were without success.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 24
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 159 (1993), S. 114-118 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Schlagwort(e): Bacillus pulvifaciens ; Vegetative cells ; Spotes ; Ultrastructure ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The ultrastructure of vegetative cells and spores of Bacillus pulvifaciens was studied by CTEM and SEM methods. The vegetative cells are rods, 1.6–4.5 μm long and 0.4–0.6 μm wide, exhibiting typical ultrastructural features of Gram-positive bacteria. The spores are of ellipsoidal shape, 0.6×1.2 μm in size, with six longitudinal ribs reaching up to 130 nm in height. There are satelite ribs on both sides of the longitudinal ribs, reaching up to 20 nm in height. Between the longitudinal ribs, additional transversal ribs were observed in SEM. A special tubular layer, separating the outer and inner coat of the spores, was revealed in ultrathin sections. This layer seems to be a typical ultrastructural feature of Bacillus pulvifaciens spores.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 25
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Schlagwort(e): Lactobacillus ; Medium composition ; Metal cations ; Electron microscopy ; Protoplast-like forms
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The growth of some locally isolated Lactobacillus strains forming D(-) or L(+) lactic acid, Lactobacillus helveticus ATCC 15009 and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus ATCC 11842 was examined in different media. L. helveticus and Lactobacillus LBL strains formed atypical protoplast-like cells in LAPT medium, sensitive to SDS and proteinase. Specific morphological changes in the cell wall structure of these variants were revealed by transmission and scanning electron microscopy. The effect of glucose and various salts on their appearance was investigated. The prevalent role of metal cations, especially of Mg2+, was established.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 26
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 160 (1993), S. 206-213 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Schlagwort(e): Treponema denticola ; Spirochetes ; Ultrastructure ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The formation of quasi-multicellular bodies of Treponema denticola was analysed using different electron microscopical methods. These bacteria could develop four different conformations: (i) normal helical forms; (ii) twisted spirochetes, forming plaits; (iii) twisted spirochetes, forming club-like structures; (iv) spherical bodies in different size. Treponemes within spherical bodies, plaits, and clubs proved to be enclosed in a common outer sheath in which the normal arrangement of their axial flagella was lost. The development of the quasi-multicellular bodies starting from the monoforme spirochetes was elucidated and this morphogenetic process is illustrated by a schematic drawing. Factors which might be involved in the induction of the structures are discussed and their possible pathogenetic importance is considered.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 27
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 272 (1993), S. 59-70 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Sensory cells ; Taste organ ; Electron microscopy ; Bombina orientalis, Rana pipiens (Anura)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The taste disc of the red-bellied toad Bombina orientalis (Discoglossidae) has been investigated by light and electron microscopy and compared with that of Rana pipiens (Ranidae). Unlike the frog, B. orientalis possesses a disc-shaped tongue that cannot be ejected for capture of prey. The taste discs are located on the top of fungiform papillae. They are smaller than those in Ranidae, and are not surrounded by a ring of ciliated cells. Ultrastructurally, five types of cells can be identified (mucus cells, wing cells, sensory cells, and both Merkel cell-like basal cells and undifferentiated basal cells). Mucus cells are the main secretory cells of the taste disc and occupy most of the surface area. Their basal processes do not synapse on nerve fibers. Wing cells have sheet-like apical processes and envelop the mucus cells. They contain lysosomes and multivesicular bodies. Two types of sensory cells reach the surface of the taste disc; apically, they are distinguished by either a brush-like arrangement of microvilli or a rod-like protrusion. They are invaginated into lateral folds of mucus cells and wing cells. In contrast to the situation in R. pipiens, sensory cells of B. orientalis do not contain dark secretory granules in the perinuclear region. Synaptic connections occur between sensory cells (presynaptic sites) and nerve fibers. Merkel cell-like basal cells do not synapse onto sensory cells, but synapse-like connections exist between Merkel cell-like basal cells (presynaptic site) and nerve fibers.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 28
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 273 (1993), S. 487-497 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Neurons ; Immunofluorescence ; Tubulin ; Electron microscopy ; Chemoreceptors ; Mechanoreceptors ; Aplysia californica (Mollusca)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The peripheral processes of the mechanoafferents that, when stimulated, initiate the much-studied tail withdrawal reflex of Aplysia californica have not been characterized. We show that immunofluorescence staining for class III β-tubulin highlights neurons and reveals nerve tracts and fine neuronal processes in Aplysia tissue. Coupled with transmission and scanning electron microscopy, class III β-tubulin immunofluorescence is consistent with the possibility that mechanoafferents in the receptive field of pleural ganglion mechanosensory neurons penetrate the tail epidermis and terminate as ciliated endings. This view is reinforced by comparisons among neuronal processes in several mechanosensory epidermal regions and in a chemosensory epidermis.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 29
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 271 (1993), S. 47-57 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Brush cells ; Cell isolation ; Stomach ; Polarity ; Light microscopy ; Electron microscopy ; Rat (Wistar)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The brush cells (BC) are highly polarized elements occurring in epithelia of endodermal origin. They have a preferential topographical distribution in the organs in which they reside. In the stomach of the rat, BC prevail near the transitional zone separating the forestomach from the glandular stomach. Thus, a method was developed to isolate and recover BC from this organ with the aim of investigating the changes they may undergo after dissociation. Strips of the rat stomach were severed from the very proximal border of the glandular region and incubated in Hanks' balanced salt solution containing pronase. After sedimentation of the dissociated cells (crude sediment containing all stomach epithelial cell types) two successive cell fractions were prepared on preformed Percoll gradient in an attempt to enrich BC in a defined layer. BC were recovered in a fraction at a density close to 1.03 g/ml where they represented about 2% of all cells. The isolated BC changed their form from columnar to pear-shaped; however, they maintained their structural polarity over 2 h as demonstrated by light microscopy, transmission-and scanning-electron microscopy. The fine structure of BC was always satisfactorily preserved. Maintenance of the structural polarity of isolated BC is contrary to the general rule according to which all conventional epithelial cells examined to date lose their polarity after isolation. This result is discussed in relation to morphological findings in isolated sensory cells (hair cells, photoreceptor cells) leading to the suggestion that BC are more similar to these than to conventional epithelial cells.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 30
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Testis ; Electron microscopy ; Cathodoluminescence ; Lipid droplets ; Cholesterol esters ; Vitamin A esters ; Rat (Wistar)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Cathodoluminescence (CL) from lipid droplets (LDs) in the rat testis was examined by analytical color fluorescence electron microscopy. The results show that (1) the Cl at wavelengths of 320 nm (CL320) and 450 nm (CL450) is derived from cholesterol esters and a mixture of lipids including vitamin A esters, respectively; (2) CL320 in the LDs of Leydig cells sharply decreases on postnatal day 21, while CL320 and CL450 in the LDs of Sertoli cells begin to be detectable; (3) the CL450-emitting LDs in seminiferous tubules, whose distributional patterns display cyclic changes during the spermatogenic cycle, are involved in spermatogenesis; and (4) the intensity of CL as well as the distributional patterns of CL-emitting LDs in testicular cells change after hypophysectomy, vitamin-A deficiency, and treatment with ethylene dimethane sulfonate and testosterone propionate. This study demonstrates that analytical color fluorescence electron microscopy is a useful tool for in-vivo observation of some specific compounds which cannot be visualized by other methods.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 31
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Pituitary ; Galanin ; Neuromedin-U ; Corticotropes ; Immunocytochemistry ; Electron microscopy ; Plasticity ; Rat (Wistar)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The localization of galanin in rat lactotropes and human corticotropes is well established. Neuromedin U immunoreactivity is present in rat corticotropes but radioimmunoassay of thyroid-manipulated rat pituitaries has also linked it to the thyroid axis. We found galanin immunoreactivity in some rat corticotropes, so we have re-examined rat anterior pituitary galanin- and neuromedin U-like immunoreactivity by use of immunocytochemistry and electron microscopy in rats in the normal state and after estrogen administration or adrenalectomy. In normal rats galanin immunoreactivity was present in a few corticotropes and lactotropes, females showing more than males; neuromedin U-like immunoreactivity was present in some thyrotropes and most corticotropes, in both sexes. Where galanin, neuromedin U and ACTH immunoreactivities were colocalized in corticotropes they were present in the same granules. Estrogen administration caused an increase in number of galanin immunoreactive lactotropes, as previously shown. The proportion of neuromedin U-positive corticotropes was not affected. After adrenalectomy, only females showed a significant increase in the proportion of galanin-positive corticotropes. Neuromedin U immunoreactivity was significantly increased in both sexes, as previously shown. Thus, in rat, as in man, galanin can be present in corticotropes and its expression appears to be sexrelated. This finding, and the demonstration of thyrotrope neuromedin U (only examined in normal females), provide correlation with previous experiments. The influence of endocrine status on the expression of these novel peptides underlines the inherent plasticity of pituitary endocrine cells.
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  • 32
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 272 (1993), S. 211-219 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Aorta ; Endothelium ; Anchoring filaments ; Microfibrils ; Elastin ; Electron microscopy ; Mouse (C57/BL)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The ultrastructural association of endothelial cells with the subjacent elastic lamina was investigated in the developing mouse aorta by electron microscopy. In the 5-day postnatal aorta, extensive filament bundles extend along the subendothelial matrix connecting the endothelial cells to the underlying elastic lamina. The connecting filaments form lateral associations with the abluminal surface of the endothelial cells in regions of membrane occupied by membrane-associated dense plaques. On the intracellular face of each plaque, the termini of stress fibers penetrate and anchor to the cell membrane in alignment with the extracellular connecting filaments. Both the stress fibers and the connecting filaments are oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vessel. High magnification electron micrographs of individual endothelial cell connecting filaments reveal features similar to those of elastin-associated microfibrils. Each connecting filament consists of a 9–10 nm linear core with an electron-lucent center and peripheral spike-like projections. From the filaments, small thread-like extensions span laterally, linking the filaments into a loose bundle and anchoring them to the endothelial cell membrane and the surface of the elastic lamina. The filaments also appear heavily coated with electron-dense material; often with some degree of periodicity along the filament length. During development, the number of endothelial cell connecting filaments decreases as the elastic lamina expands and the subendothelial matrix is reduced. In the aortic intima of mature mice, the elastic lamina is closely apposed to the abluminal surface of the endothelial cell and no connecting filaments are seen. These observations suggest that endothelial cell connecting filaments are developmental features of the aortic intima which, together with the intracellular stress fibers, aid to maintain the structural integrity of the endothelial cell layer during development by providing the cells with protection from intraluminal shear forces.
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  • 33
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Corpora allata ; Electron microscopy ; Morphometry ; Ovariectomy ; Juvenile hormone ; Cockroach, Diploptera punctata (Insecta)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Morphometric studies were made on corpora allata of the cockroach Diploptera punctata from animals in which increasing gland size is not coupled to hormone synthesis (ovariectomized mated females; last-instar larvae) and in which gland size is coupled to hormone synthesis (normal mated and virgin females; penultimate-instar larvae). Cell number, gland volume, and juvenile hormone synthesis were measured. From electron micrographs, nuclear, cytoplasmic, and extracellular volumes; and cell membrane area were calculated; and fine structure described. Low-activity glands of ovariectomized mated females resembled high-activity glands from mated females in high cell number, large overall and cytoplasmic volume, and low nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio; they differed in having organelles typical of low-activity glands, mitochondria with dense matrices and large whorls of smooth endoplasmic reticulum. Inactive lastinstar larval glands resembled mated ovariectomized, female glands in increased cell number and organelles characteristic of inactive glands; however, their nuclearcytoplasmic volume ratio was much higher. Penultimate cytoplasmic volume ratio was much higher. Penultimate larval glands with high activity per cell resembled active glands of normal mated females. Ovariectomy did not change morphometric parameters of virgin female glands; thus mating results in increase in size of adult female glands whereas the growing ovary is needed for changes in mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum associated with high juvenile hormone synthesis.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 34
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Peripolar cells ; Juxtaglomerular apparatus ; Cytoplasmic granules ; Exocytosis ; Electron microscopy ; Sheep, newborn
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Scanning and transmission electron microscopy were used to study the ultrastructural characteristics and positions of granulated peripolar cells in newborn lamb kidney. Following tissue fixation by vascular perfusion in situ, the vascular pole region of the glomerulus was exposed for examination by scanning electron micoscopy following removal of the glomerular tuft. Peripolar cells were recognized by their surface morphology enabling their quantification and an assessment of the relationship of their position in the renal cortex. The prominent expression of peripolar cells in this species was confirmed. Almost every vascular pole examined revealed peripolar cells (405 out of 407; 99.5%) and thus, throughout the cortex, the distribution of peripolar cells was the same as the distribution of renal corpuscles. Larger, more protruding peripolar cells were observed in the outer cortical renal corpuscles. The numbers of peripolar cells encircling each vascular pole ranged from 1 to 10. There was no correlation between number of granulated peripolar cells at the vascular pole and the position of the renal corpuscle within the renal cortex. As viewed by transmission electron microscopy, organelles of protein synthesis were abundant in the cytoplasm of peripolar cells. Exocytosis of cytoplasmic granules was observed by both scanning and transmission electron microscopy implying that a process of regulative secretion occurs from these cells. The use of ultrastrural techniques has provided evidence supporting the concept that peripolar cells are prominent in the cuff region of each renal corpuscle of the newborn lamb and further-more that peripolar cells in this species most likely have a secretory function.
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  • 35
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 273 (1993), S. 571-575 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Collagen fibril ; Three dimensional cell culture ; Ascorbate ; Aminopropeptide, type I ; Aminopropeptide, type III ; Electron microscopy ; Immunoelectron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The purpose of this study was to follow collagen fibril formation in a newly developed three dimensional cell culture system. Human neonatal foreskin fibroblasts were grown on a nylon mesh in Dulbecco's Modified Eagles Medium (DMEM) supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum and antibiotics. Fibrillogenesis was initiated by the addition of 50 micrograms/ml ascorbate to confluent cultures. Sample meshes were processed for electron microscopy or immuno-electron microscopy. Fibrils ≈20–30 nm in diameter, with 67 nm periodicity, were first detected five days after the addition of ascorbate. As cultures progressed, cells organized into parallel layers between which collagen fibers continued to form and increase in diameter. By day 50, fiber diameter ranged from 30 to 80 nm and large bundles were seen. No collagen fibril formation occurred in control cultures to which no ascorbate was added. However, large amounts of microfibrils were observed. Antibodies against the aminopropeptide of type I procollagen were found to bind to fibrils with diameters less than 34 nm while antibodies against the aminopropeptide of type III collagen bound primarily to fibers which ranged from 35–54 nm in diameter. We believe that this system, which morphologically resembles a normal dermis, will werve as an excellent model for the study of collagen fibrillogenesis.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 36
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 272 (1993), S. 447-457 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Horizontal cells ; Calcium-binding protein ; Synaptie input ; Inner plexiform layer ; Immunoreactivity ; Electron microscopy ; Bovine
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Bovine retinae were stained immunocytochemically with antibodies against the calcium-binding protein, calbindin. Horizontal cells in the outer plexiform layer were heavily labelled. The processes of most horizontal cells were confined to the level of the outer plexiform layer, and the tips of their dendrites were positioned as the lateral elements of the cone triads, viz. the usual mammalian arrangement. However, some of the horizontal cells had additional thick processes descending to branch within the inner plexiform layer, where they were postsynaptic at bipolar cell dyads and where they also received input from amacrine cells. No output synapses of horizontal cells were observed in the inner plexiform layer.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 37
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Basic fibroblast growth factor ; Trigeminal ganglion ; Immunohistochemistry ; Electron microscopy ; In situ hybridization histochemistry ; Vibrissae ; Hair ; Rat (Wistar)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract We have characterized an antiserum against basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) by immunoblot, investigated the location of bFGF-like immunoreactivity (bFGF-IR) in the trigeminal sensory system and perioral skin endowed with vibrissae, and demonstrated the site of bFGF mRNA expression in the vibrissae by in situ hybridization histochemistry. Light-microscopic immunohistochemistry has demonstrated that bFGF-IR is present not only in trigeminal ganglion neurons and their central and peripheral processes, but also in cells of the matrix, external root sheath and papillae of vibrissae and the stratum basale of the stratified squamous epithelium of the skin. Electron microscopy has revealed intense bFGF-IR mainly in cytoplasmic regions, other than the lumen of rough endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus, in trigeminal ganglion neurons, in fibroblast-like cells in the papillae, and in capsules of vibrissae. In contrast, actively proliferating and/or differentiating cells in the matrix of vibrissae have intensely stained euchromatin and weakly labeled cytoplasm that, unlike that of the aforementioned cells, contain immunoreaction products in discrete spots less than 100 nm in diameter, implying the generation of different molecular forms of bFGF in cells of the matrix and papillae. Moreover, the accumulation of bFGF in the euchromatin appears to take place in cells at non-mitotic stages (possibly interphases), characterized by a conspicuous nucleolus and well-developed nuclear envelope. A digoxigenin-labeled cRNA probe for the demonstration of bFGF mRNA gives conspicuous hybridization signals mainly in the matrix of vibrissae. These findings suggest that bFGF is involved in the growth and differentiation of matrix cells during certain periods of the cell cycle and that it acts as a non-mitogenic mediator in the adult trigeminal sensory system.
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  • 38
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Adrenal growth ; CRH ; ACTH ; Hypophysectomy ; Electron microscopy ; Rat (Wistar)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Within two weeks, hypophysectomy induced in rats a striking decrease in the level of circulating ACTH (the concentration of which was at the limit of sensitivity of our assay system), coupled with a net reduction in the plasma corticosterone concentration and an evident adrenal atrophy. Zona fasciculata, the main producer of glucocorticoids, was decreased in volume, due to a lowering in both the number and average volume of its parenchymal cells. Subcutaneous ACTH infusion (0.1 pmol·min-1), administered during the last week following hypophysectomy, restored the normal blood level of ACTH and completely reversed all effects of hypophysectomy on the adrenals. Subcutaneous infusion for one week with α-helical-CRH or corticotropin-inhibiting peptide (1 nmol·min-1), which are competitive inhibitors of CRH and ACTH, evoked a further significant lowering of plasma corticosterone concentration and markedly enhanced adrenal atrophy in hypophysectomized rats. These findings strongly suggest that an extrahypothalamic pituitary CRH/ACTH system may be involved in the maintenance of the growth and steroidogenic secretory activity of the rat adrenal cortex.
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  • 39
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Serotonin ; Alimentary canal, insect ; Stomatogastric neryous system ; Immunohistochemistry ; Bioassay ; Electron microscopy ; Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Insecta)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Immunohistochemical studies showed that the alimentary canal of Leptinotarsa decemlineata receives serotoninergic innervation from different neurons in the central and stomatogastric nervous system. The foregut is innervated by the frontal ganglion. Four of the 6–8 large neurons present in this ganglion have axons which run to the musculature of the oesophagus, crop, sphincter, and frontal area of the midgut. They are accompanied by axons from neurons in the suboesophageal ganglion, and by axons from as yet unidentified non-immunoreactive neurons in thebrain and/or the ventral nerve cord. The posterior part of the midgut is essentially devoid of serotoninergic innervation. The hindgut is innervated by two large neurons in the caudal tip of the last abdominal ganglion. The axons always run to the circular and longitudinal muscles of the crop, the circular muscles of the sphincter, and the longitudinal muscles of the hindgut. Immunohistochemical electron microscopy suggests that exocytosis of the immuno-labelled vesicles may occur at some distance from the muscle fibres, implying a neurohormonal release of this neurochemical. A bioassay used to demonstrate the type of effect of serotonin on isolated hindguts in vitro, indicated a clear inhibitory effect on spontaneous contractions at concentrations of 10-8–10-5 M. This effect was dose-dependent. Axons found in association with the cryptonephridial system on the hindgut might be involved in the control of diuresis although we have not tested this possibility experimentally.
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  • 40
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Serotonin (5-HT) ; Neurohemal systems ; Immunohistochemistry ; Electron microscopy ; Targeted release ; Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Insecta)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract We analyzed the anatomy of two diffuse neurohemal systems for serotonin in the head of the Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata by means of immunohistochemistry. One system is formed by axons from two bilateral pairs of neurons in the frontal margin of the suboesophageal ganglion that enter the ipsilateral mandibular nerve, emerge from this nerve at some distance from the suboesophageal ganglion, and cover all branches of the mandibular nerve with a dense plexus of immunoreactive axon swellings. The other system is formed by axons from two large neurons in the frontal ganglion that enter the ipsilateral frontal connectives, emerge from these connectives, and form a network of axon swellings on the labroforntal, pharyngeal, and antennal nerves and on the surface of the frontal ganglion. Immunohistochemical electron microscopy demonstrated that the axon swellings are located outside the neural sheaths of the nerves and hence in close contact with the hemolymph. We therefore suggest that these plexuses represent extensive neurohemal systems for serotonin. Most immunoreactive terminals are in direct contact with the hemolymph, and other terminals are closely associated with the muscles of the mandibles, labrum, and anterior pharynx, as well as with the salivary glands, indicating that these organs are under serotoninergic control.
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  • 41
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Schlagwort(e): Barley yellow mosaic virus ; Cytoplasmic inclusion bodies ; Electron microscopy ; Hordeum vulgare ; Immunogold labeling ; RNA 2-encoded proteins
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Antisera were raised against the RNA 2-encoded proteins of 28 kDa and 70 kDa of barley yellow mosaic virus (BaYMV) by using the corresponding cDNA sequences of a German isolate for protein overexpression inEscherichia coli BL 21 and subsequent purification. The proposed processing of a 98 kDa precursor polyprotein encoded by the long open reading frame of RNA 2 to two proteins of 28 kDa and 70 kDa could be confirmed by immunoprecipitation of the in vitro transcribed and translated cDNA-clone of RNA 2 and Western blot analysis of fragmentated protein extracts of BaYMV-infected winter barley plants. In situ localisation studies of infected leaf tissue using immunogold labeling techniques for electron microscopy revealed that both viral proteins of BaYMV (RNA 2) were associated with the crystal-like cytoplasmic inclusion bodies. No other parts of the cells and no other inclusions (pinwheelstructures or aggregated virus particles) showed any gold labeling when the 28 kDa and 70 kDa antisera were used. We suppose that both RNA 2-encoded proteins take part in the formation of the crystal-like cytoplasmic inclusion bodies which are the most dominant structures in the cytoplasm of BaYMV-infected tissue. Possible functions of the 28 kDa and 70 kDa protein of BaYMV (RNA 2) are discussed.
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  • 42
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 9 (1993), S. 108-112 
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Schlagwort(e): Electron microscopy ; celluloytic microorganisms ; termite gut
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Abstract The major gut microflora colonizing the hind gut of a higher termite,Odontotermes obesus, included morphologically diverse bacteria, both coccoid and rod-shaped, along with spirochaetes, pseudomonads and actinomycetes. Flagellated protozoa were totally absent. When the gut extract was inoculated on plates containing carboxymethyl cellulose or cellobiose, higher numbers of bacteria grew than on plates without cellulosic sources. The gut homogenate exhibited strong hydrolytic activity when carboxymethyl cellulose,p-nitrophenyl-β-d-glucoside or xylan were used as substrate, indicating the role of gut microbiota in the process of cellulose and hemicellulose digestion. Activities were highest in the hind gut, and the paunch was probably the major site of polysaccharide digestion in this higher termite.In vitro cultivation of some of the isolates revealed both cellulase and xylanase activities. To our knowledge, this is the first report on ultrastructural studies of the higher termiteOdontotermes obesus.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 43
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Documenta ophthalmologica 84 (1993), S. 351-363 
    ISSN: 1573-2622
    Schlagwort(e): Cell culture ; Electron microscopy ; Human lens epithelium ; Morphology
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract A system for culturing human lens epithelial cells in the laboratory was developed. The morphological appearances of the cells was studied using phase contrast, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Cell marker studies using monoclonal antibodies to cyto-keratin, vimentin and epithelial membrane antigen were also performed. There was a marked increase in cell size as a function of time in culture. After 3 to 4 weeks cells showed early signs of ageing. By 6 to 8 weeks the majority of the cells had become very irregular in shape and demonstrated irregularities of the plasma membrane and intra-cytoplasmic vacuole formation. The cells stained strongly for vimentin and epithelial membrane antigen. Staining with cytokeratin was somewhat weaker. This culture technique provides us with a suitable model for studying the growth behavior of these cells.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 44
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 249 (1993), S. 499-502 
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Schlagwort(e): Hypopharynx-Synovial sarcoma ; Supraglottic laryngopharyngectomy ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Synovial sarcoma in an extra-articular location is a very rare tumor, particularly in relation to childhood tumors. We report our experiences with an 11-year-old boy who suffered from swallowing difficulties caused by a polypoid tumor of the hypopharynx. Biopsy demonstrated a fusocellular carcinoma, while the epithelial components showed cytokeratin and neuron-specific enolase positivity. A correct final diagnosis could only be established by the histology of the surgical preparation following partial laryngopharyngectomy. The presence of spindle cells associated with glandular-like ones proved the synovial character of the tumor. The spindle cells were negative for epithelial marker but were positive for vimentin. S-100 protein positivity could only be demonstrated in the nerve elements encapsulated in the tumor. Ultrastructural examinations confirmed the presence of the different cell types. The spindle cells were rich in intermediate fibers, as demonstrated by electron microscopy.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 45
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 250 (1993), S. 44-50 
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Schlagwort(e): Cochlear glomeruli ; Guinea pig ; Corrosion casting ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The cochlear glomeruli were studied in guinea pigs using scanning electron microscopy of vascular corrosion casts and transmission electron microscopy of tissue sections. Two types of coiled vessels forming the cochlear glomeruli were found in the bony wall of the modiolus. First, upper glomeruli were seen situated in the bony wall next to the scala vestibuli; second, lower glomeruli were located in the osseous spiral lamina just above the spiral ganglion. Upper glomeruli gave rise to radiating arterioles which supplied capillaries of the stria vascularis, while lower glomeruli fed the capillaries of the spiral lamina and limbus. Unlike the main supplying arteries, smooth muscle cells were not present in the walls of the arterioles forming the glomeruli and a peculiar layer of lamellar pericytes was found. The arterioles were strikingly longer than their parent vessels and no autonomic nerves were found in close spatial relationship. Hence, these findings indicate that the cochlear glomeruli serve as efficient devices for reducing cochlear blood pressure.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 46
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 250 (1993), S. 401-407 
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Schlagwort(e): Basement membrane ; Nasal concha ; Nasal mucosa ; Electron microscopy ; Immunofluorescence
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Light and electron microscopic as well as immunohistochemical investigations were performed on the basement membrane (BM) of the nasal mucosa from the inferior nasal conchae of 20 patients, aged 15–50 years. Two of the patients served as controls. Clinical disorders requiring the turbinectomies were hyperplastic nasal inferior conchae (17 patients) and immobile cilia syndrome (1 patient). In all cases light microscopy demonstrated a 10–15 μm thick homogeneous BM underneath an intact epithelium. Electron microscopic findings revealed a typical subepithelial basal lamina (BL). The remaining parts of the BM consisted of single, isolated 25-mm-thick collagenous fibrils. Only a few cells and small unmyelinated nerves occurred in this layer. Immunohistochemical investigations showed BL components (collagen type IV, laminin, nidogen and heparan sulfate proteoglycan) directly underneath the epithelium. Collagen types I, III, V, and VI could also be demonstrated immunohistochemically in the remaining parts of the BM. Collagen type VII was allocated to the anchor filaments beneath the BL. This special BM is presumed to contribute to mechanical stabilization of the epithelium. The significance of the BL and the subepithelial connective tissue for the behavior of the epithelium — e.g. direction of differentiation - are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 47
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 250 (1993), S. 412-417 
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Schlagwort(e): Sugar-binding site ; Guinea pig ; Middle ear ; Lipopolysaccharide ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Glucosamine-binding sites were detected in Lowicryl K4M-embedded guinea pig middle ear mucosa by electron microscopy, using glucosaminyl bovine serum albumin. Incubation of ultrathin tissue sections with gold-labeled glucosaminyl bovine serum albumin (GlcN/BSA/gold) resulted in binding mainly on cilia, microvilli, rough endoplasmic reticulum and nuclei. The sugar binding was not inhibited after ultrathin sections had been digested with trypsin or neuraminidase. Various carbohydrates and glycoconjugates were tested as competitive inhibitors of G1cN/BSA/gold labeling on the tissue sections. The sugar specificity range detected by the glucosamine-binding sites included glucosamine, N-acetylglucosamine, mannose and fucose, whereas N-acetylgalactosamine, galactose and glucose were not detectable. A series of endotoxic substances such as Salmonella minnesota Re595 lipid A complex with BSA and lipopolysaccharides (LPS) derived from Escherichia coli 055: B5 or S. minnesota Re595 also competed with GlcN/BSA/gold binding. This indicates that the lipid A backbone glucosamine or other carbohydrate portions of LPS is a part of the structure recognized by glucosamine binding sites.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 48
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Medical molecular morphology 26 (1993), S. 29-39 
    ISSN: 1860-1499
    Schlagwort(e): Electron microscopy ; Morphometry ; Chronic type lymphoid leukemias
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Malignant cells from 1 case of chronic lymphocytic leukemia of the T-cell type (T-CLL), 5 cases of chronic lymphocytic leukemia of the B-cell type (B-CLL), 1 case of prolymphocytic leukemia of the B-cell type (B-PLL), 1 case of lymphocytic lymphoma of intermediate differentiation of the B-cell type (B-ILL), 1 case of splenic B-cell lymphoma with circulating villous lymphocytes (SLVL), and 2 cases of hairy cell leukemia (HCL) were measured on electron micrographs. The area of the cytoplasm, nucleus, nucleoli, and the perimeters of nuclei were measured and the nucleo-cytoplasmic ratio, nucleolo-nuclear ratio, and nuclear contour index (NCI) were calculated. Malignant cells from B-PLL had the largest cytoplasmic, nuclear, and nucleolar areas. The NCI was largest (4.74) in T-CLL. B-ILL, B-PLL, and SLVL had an intermediate (4.5) NCI. HCL and B-CLL had the smallest (4.1) NCI. Lymphoid cells in SLVL were smaller in size than HCL cells and had a higher NCI than that of HCL. Thus, electron microscopic morphometry can provide further information to aid in distinguishing chronic type lymphoid leukemias.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 49
    ISSN: 1860-1499
    Schlagwort(e): Murine model ; Glomerulosclerosis ; GBM alteration ; Proteinuria ; Dense deposits ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Renal pathology of the FGS/Nga strain of mice, which has been known to develop proteinuria and progressive glomerulosclerosis, was studied by light and electron microscopy. Sclerotic changes had increased by 6 months and most of the glomeruli were totally obsolescent by 10 months. By electron microscopy, electron dense deposits were seen in the mice by 3 months and thereafter. Splitting or the irregular thickening of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) was observed, and some mice showed reticulation in the GBM. The fixed negative charges detectable with polyethyleneimine (PEI) were decreased in the mice with massive proteinuria.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 50
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Medical molecular morphology 26 (1993), S. 57-63 
    ISSN: 1860-1499
    Schlagwort(e): Acute leukemia ; Megakaryoblastic leukemia ; Glycogen ; Glycoconjugates ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The localization of complex carbohydrates in 41 patients with acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (AMKL) was studied using the periodic acid-thiocarbohydrazide-silver proteinate (PA-TCH-SP) method. Examination by the PA-TCH-SP method revealed that the megakaryoblasts from AMKL had a thick cell coat, a small amount of glycogen, granules and well-developed GERL ofNovikoff. Multivariate analysis revealed no cytochemical differences in the distribution of glycoconjugates in the cytoplasm between AMKL blasts in children and adults, but they were noted between all AMKL blasts and blasts from patients with chronic myelocytic leukemia in megakaryoblastic crisis (CML-MK). The ultrastructural distribution of complex carbohydrates in the blasts from AMKL was extremely different from the acute myelocytic leukemia (AML) blasts as demonstrated by the analysis.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 51
    ISSN: 1860-1499
    Schlagwort(e): Subarachnoid hemorrhage ; Calcium ; Diltiazem ; Vasospasm ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Calcium channel blockers such as diltiazem are being explored as agents to reduce or prevent cerebral vasospasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Yet little is known concerning changes over time in the calcium ions in the arterial wall after subarachnoid hemorrhage even when calcium channel blockers are used. The results imply that the massive increase of calcium ions in the smooth muscle cells in the early stages of SAH may be related to morphological changes in the spastic vessels in the subacute stage of SAH and calcium ion blockers might be useful in reducing organic changes in the vessels by the inhibition of calcium overloading.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 52
    ISSN: 1860-1499
    Schlagwort(e): Mg-ATPase ; Enzyme cytochemistry ; Electron microscopy ; Aspirin ; Clofibrate
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract A total of 36 male F344 rats was fed a diet containing 1% aspirin or 0.25% clofibrate for 1, 3 and 4 weeks. Hepatomegaly was more evident with aspirin than with clofibrate. The activity of magnesium dependent adenosine triphosphatase (Mg-ATPase) was localized on the limiting membrane of aspirin-induced peroxisomes, but it was much weaker than that in control and clofibrate-induced peroxisomes. Alteration in the ultrastructure of peroxisomes and mitochondria became more evident in Week 4 of the experiment than in Week 1. These ultrastructural changes also basically returned to normal conditions after one week withdrawal of the chemicals.
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  • 53
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Medical molecular morphology 26 (1993), S. 185-190 
    ISSN: 1860-1499
    Schlagwort(e): Medial necrosis ; Cerebral artery ; Hypertension ; Vasospasm ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Medial necrosis is a preceding lesion to angionecrosis which may cause hemorrhage and lacunar infarct. We morphometrically studied the loss of smooth muscle cells in the media of human cerebral arteries and examined the occurrences of vasospasm. Medial necrosis of hypertensive cases was significantly more severe than that of non-hypertensive cases (p〈0.001). The outer media was significantly more vulnerable than the inner one (p〈0.001). Medial necrosis in the perforating artery was slightly more severe than that of the cortical branches. Vasospasms were identified electron microscopically in 4 of 18 cases. These findings may satisfactorily explain the possibility of vasospasm as a cause of medial necrosis.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 54
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Primates 34 (1993), S. 233-235 
    ISSN: 0032-8332
    Schlagwort(e): Chimpanzee ; Infant-eating ; Electron microscopy ; Feces ; Hair
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A large bolus of hairs found in the feces of an adult wild chimpanzee in the Budongo Forest, Uganda, was identified as belonging to a chimpanzee below the age of 3 yrs. This represents the second case of infant-eating recorded in the Budongo Forest.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 55
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 235 (1993), S. 533-538 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Permeability barrier ; Tight junction ; Fusiform vesicle ; Electron microscopy ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Formation of the blood-urine permeability barrier in differentiating mouse transitional urothelium was studied. It was established that the development of superficial cell barrier is a two-phase process: beginning with formation of the tight junctions, followed by formation of fusiform vesicles and asymmetric apical plasma membranes. Fusiform vesicles differentiate during days 15 and 17 of gestation and fuse with the apical plasmalemma. Thus a thick membrane is formed before the excretion of hypertonic urine into the embryonic bladder. Through some degenerative superficial cells slough between fetal day 17 and the day of birth, the bladder epithelium in mice does not lack an effective permeability barrier. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 11 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 56
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 236 (1993), S. 593-601 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Main excretory duct epithelium ; Lateral interdigitations ; Goblet cells ; Fenestrated capillaries ; Pored domes ; Submandibular gland ; Japanese monkey ; Electron microscopy ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: The fine structure and subepithelial capillaries of the main excretory duct epithelium (MEDE) of the submandibular gland in the Japanese monkey, Macaca fuscata were investigated by light, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy. Capillaries found beneath the MEDE were all fenestrated ones. Some of them had elevated endothelium known as pored domes. The capillary density (number of capillaries per 200 μm length of MEDE) was 6.05 ± 1.36, and the number of fenestrae per 10 μm length of available endothelium was 11.62 ± 3.82. The MEDE was pseudostratified, and consisted of four cell types: Type I and II, which were columnar cells without basal infoldings, basal and goblet cells. The most characteristic feature was the presence of well-developed lateral interdigitations between Type I and II cells. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 17 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 57
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 235 (1993), S. 253-260 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Electron microscopy ; Endothelial cell ; Endothelin ; Sarafotoxin ; Toad aorta ; Vasocontraction ; Weibel-Palade body ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Dose-dependent tension curves were recorded from the in vitro toad aortas by administration of endothelin-1 and sarafotoxin-S6b. The maximal contractile tensions by both drugs were evoked at a 10-8 M concentration. By a single dose application (10-8 M) of endothelin-1 and sarafotoxin-S6b to both endothelium-preserved and denuded vessels, the induction of the endothelium-dependent vasocontraction occurs after 2 min of administration.Ultrastructural changes of Weibel-Palade bodies such as decrease in electron density, swelling with a wide peripheral halo, and expulsion of their contents in a manner of exocytosis become evident within 2 min after administration of these drugs. These findings indicate that some vasocontractile substances in Weibel-Palade bodies are extracellularly discharged by endothelin-1 and sarafotoxin-S6b. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 58
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 236 (1993), S. 70-86 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Comparative histology ; Light microscopy ; Electron microscopy ; Cytochemistry ; Immunocytochemistry ; Neuroepithelial endocrine cells ; Neuroepithelial bodies ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Zusätzliches Material: 22 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 59
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 236 (1993), S. 721-729 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Macaca mulatta; Area 17 ; Neurons ; Age changes ; Electron microscopy ; Light microscopy ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: We have assessed the effects of aging on the cell bodies of the large Meynert cells in layers V and VI of the rhesus monkey primary visual cortex by comparing the frequency, size, and cytology of these neurons in three young (5-6 years of age), one middle-aged (12 years of age), and four old monkeys (25-35 years of age). In the young monkeys there is an average of 20.8 Meynert cells beneath 1 mm2 of cortical surface, and in the old monkeys the value is 22.3 cells. The cell bodies of these large pyramidal cells do not become smaller with age, and surprisingly they accumulate only small amounts of lipofuscin. The conclusion is that in the rhesus monkey there is no loss of Meynert cells with age and that aging has little effect on the morphology of the cell bodies of these neurons. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 60
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 236 (1993), S. 449-458 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Urethral glands ; Testosterone ; Morphometry ; Electron microscopy ; Male mice ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Recent studies of the urethral glands in the male mouse and rat have suggested that they are testosterone-dependent glands that may be potential sites for secretory immunity in the male genital tract. In the present study we describe the ultrastructural features of these glands in normal mice and provide quantitative data on the sizes of the acinar cells and their organelles in sham-, oil-, and testosterone-treated castrated mice. Acinar cells in urethral glands from normal mice contain numerous secretory granules, prominent Golgi complexes, elongated mitochondria, and an abundance of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) with large and dilated cisternae, all of which are features characteristic of secretory cells. In some acinar cells the cisternae of the RER were filled with closely packed, unbranched, straight, tubular structures that were oriented parallel to one another, that radiated from aggregates of dense material, or that were randomly attanged. In other acinar cells the cisternae of the RER showed a network of branching and anastomosing vesicular-like structures whose limiting membranes were occasionally seen in continuity with the membranes of the RER. Secretory acini showed large, unbranched tubules in the acinar lumen. When cut at right angles the large tubules exhibited a distinct fuzzy outer coat with fine projections radiating outwards. The ultrastructure of the acinar cells and the presence of tubules in the lumen suggests that they are engaged in secretion of a tubular protein.Morphometric analysis of acinar cells in the urethral glands showed that the mean volumes of nuclei, cytoplasm, secretory granules, vacuoles, and mitochondria were significantly reduced in castrated mice in comparison to either normal or testosterone-treated castrated mice. This confirms earlier observations that the urethral glands are targets of testosterone. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 14 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 61
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Schlagwort(e): In situ hybridization ; Digoxigenin ; Electron microscopy ; Cryosections ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft
    Notizen: The technique of in situ hybridization has been used to evaluate the expression of an ovulation hormone mRNA (caudodorsal cell hormone; CDCH) in the central nervous system (CNS) of the mollusc Lymnaea stagnalis. Hybridization with radioactive as well as with nonradioactive labeled oligonucleotide and plasmid probes revealed a specific labeling on cell bodies of caudodorsal cells (CDCs), which are known to produce CDCH, on the light microscopical level. In addition, specific labeling was observed outside the cell bodies, as far as the cerebral commissure, where CDCH is released in the haemolymph. To investigate whether these signals represent an axonal localization of the CDCH mRNA, we performed in situ hybridization at the electron microscopical (EM) level. The results showed an intraaxonal localization of CDCH mRNA with digoxigenin labeled oligonucleotide and plasmid probes. Gold labeling was observed in secretion granules, and double labeling experiments showed that these granules also contain CDCH. This specific intragranular localization suggest that CDCH mRNA is transported through the axon and released by exocytosis in the haemolymph. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 62
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Schlagwort(e): Double-stranded viral DNA ; Electron microscopy ; HeLa cell ; In situ hybridization ; Lytic infection ; S1 nuclease ; Replication ; Viral Ad5 genomes ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft
    Notizen: In order to gain a further insight into the relationships of the complex process of replication of adenovirus genomes to the substructures which occur in the nuclei of adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) infected HeLa cells, we have visualized directly, at the electron microscopic level, viral double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) in late infected nuclei by the use of a post-embedding in situ hybridization technique with a biotinylated specific DNA probe. The procedure is based on the removal of single-stranded (ss) nucleic acids by S1 nuclease. The highest levels of signal density for viral dsDNA were detected over the fibrils of the large, centrally located viral genome storage site and over the viral nucleoids of both clustered and isolated viruses. Lower but significant signals were observed over the fibrillo-granular network of the peripheral replicative zones, where both transcription and replication of viral DNA occur. On the other hand, the labeling of the enclosed viral ssDNA accumulation sites, also involved in viral replication but not transcription, was negligible, which suggests that, in the latter, the newly synthesized viral dsDNA immediately extends into the adjacent peripheral replicative zone to be transcribed and/or replicated.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 63
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 25 (1993), S. 429-433 
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Schlagwort(e): Biocorrosion ; Sulfate-reducing bacteria ; Biofilm ; Desulfovibrio ; Electron microscopy ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft
    Notizen: The biofilm attributed to Desulfovibrio vulgaris growing in the presence of ferrous metals was examined with an environmental scanning electron microscope. This novel microscope produced images of iron sulfide colloids and other iron containing structures that had not been reported previously. A plaque composed of iron sulfide enveloped the surface of the corroding metal while crystals containing magnesium, iron, sulfur, and phosphorus were present in the culture where corrosion was in progress. A structure resembling the tubercule found in aerobic corrosion was observed on stainless steel undergoing biocorrosion and the elements present in this structure included sulfur, iron, chloride, calcium, potassium, and chromium. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 11 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 64
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 25 (1993), S. 286-290 
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Schlagwort(e): Microwave fixation ; Freeze-fracture ; Electron microscopy ; Protozoan ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft
    Notizen: Tritrichomonas foetus, a pathogenic protozoan, was used as a model to analyse microwave-stimulated fixation as a procedure of preparation of biological samples for electron microscopy of thin sections and freeze-fracture replicas. Good preservation of the protozoan structure was achieved by microwave-stimulated fixation and Epon polymerization. The membrane structure, as visualized in freeze-fracture replicas, was well preserved. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 65
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 25 (1993), S. 46-60 
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Schlagwort(e): Vasopressin ; Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide ; Gastrin releasing peptide ; GABA ; In vitro ; In situ hybridization histochemistry ; Electron microscopy ; Circadian pacemaker ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft
    Notizen: Suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) from hypothalami of postnatal rats were maintained for 18-39 days in vitro as organotypic slice explants. Neuronal subtypes containing vasopressin (VP), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), gastrin releasing hormone (GRP), and GABA were immunocytochemically identifiable in these cultures. In situ hybridization histochemistry was compatible with these SCN slice explant cultures, and mRNA encoding for VP was detected bilaterally within these nuclei. After 18 days in vitro, both VP mRNA and VP immunoreactivity increased from levels present on postnatal days 4 (the earliest age from which the explanted tissue was derived) to levels typical of adult SCNs. In contrast, the GRP expression remained low, characteristic of early postnatal animals and far lower than adult levels. This suggests that the developmental cues or programs necessary for enhanced VP expression are maintained in these cultures, while those affecting GRP expression are absent or inhibited. VIP-containing neurons were numerous in the cultures. Culture slices appeared healthy, and similar numbers and distributions of identifiable neurons within the SCN were observed, whether or not the slices were grown in the presence of serum. EM analysis revealed that the SCN in vitro is composed of tightly packed neurons, processes, and abundant synapses containing both clear and dense core vesicles, closely resembling the SCN in vivo. Vasopressinergic neuronal somata contained extensive Golgi systems and labeled secretory granules, the latter organelle being present also within processes and synaptic terminals. GABA-immunopositive processes and synaptic profiles were abundant, with labeling occurring particularly over secretory vesicles and mitochondria. This slice culture system effectively maintained much of the intrinsic organization and cellular components of the SCN for long periods in vitro and should be an excellent model system for studying the intrinsic molecular mechanisms and extrinsic cues which regulate neuronal phenotype in this circadian pacemaker. Published 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 66
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 24 (1993), S. 185-192 
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Schlagwort(e): Electron microscopy ; Epitaxy ; Dislocations ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft
    Notizen: Transemission electron microscope (TEM) images of dislocations as produced via moiré fringe contrast are simulated using many-beam diffraction theory. The effect of edge dislocations on both parallel and rotational moiré fringe patterns is considered. For the parallel moiré fringe pattern, images of dislocations both perpendicular to the film plane and those inclined to the film plane are produced. The effect of an inclined dislocation is shown to cause a distortion of the dislocation image. Finally, a comparison between predicted and experimentally observed images is made, with the results indicating that threating dislocations in the FeAl/GaAs system have line directions nearly perpendicular to the (001)FeAl/GaAs film plane. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 10 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 67
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Dynamics 198 (1993), S. 241-253 
    ISSN: 1058-8388
    Schlagwort(e): Chick ; Hindbrain ; Rhombomere ; Boundary ; Electron microscopy ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: The chick embryo hindbrain is a segmented region of the CNS characterised by repeated blocks of neuroepithelial cells, known as rhombomeres. Individual rhombomeres are polyclonal compartments, defined both by cell lineage restriction and by the restricted expression of development control genes, that later acquire specific patterns of neuronal differentiation and axon outgrowth. The interfaces between adjacent rhombomeres are defined by boundaries across which cells do not move; the boundaries contain specialised cells and are preferentially colonised at early stages of development by extending axons. In this study, routine electron microscopy and high-pressure cryopreservation, a technique that avoids artifacts of chemical fixation, have been used to examine the morphology of rhombomere boundaries through a staged series of chick embryos. We find that the boudary regions contain enlarged extracellular spaces and that these form conduits for axons subsequently extending in the circumferential plane of the hindbrain. Labeling the ventricular surface of the neuroepithelium with DiI crystals in aqueous suspension revealed the morphology of individual cells in the intact neural tube, and demonstrated unusual fan-shaped arrays of cells at the boundaries. These findings contribute further to the evidence that cells at rhombomere boundaries differ from those in rhombomere centres, and leads to hypotheses about both the mechanism of development of the boundaries, and the role they may play in hindbrain patterning. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 68
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 24 (1993), S. 195-213 
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Schlagwort(e): Deafferentation ; Regeneration ; Sensory afferents ; Electron microscopy ; Olfactory receptor cells ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft
    Notizen: The effects of intranasal zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) irrigation on the morphology of the olfactory epithelium and olfactory bulb were studied in mice with short survival times (as early as 1 day) and with long survival times (up to 593 days) after the irrigation procedure. As in several previous studies, the olfactory epithelium was completely destroyed within a few days after the ZnSO4 treatment. Within 2-4 days, the septum and turbinates were covered by a new, cuboidal epithelium, the cells of which differed significantly from any cells normally seen in the olfactory epithelium. Slowly, over several months, small areas of the olfactory epithelium regenerated in many of the animals.The ultrastructural changes occurring in the olfactory bulb from 1 to 25 days (the reactive stage) were characterized by degenerating olfactory axons and axon terminals, hypertrophy of astroglial cell processes, and proliferation of or extravasation by phagocytic cells. By 25 days after intranasal ZnSO4 irrigation, the number of reactive glial processes and phagocytic cells returned to normal. In some mice with survival times of 150 days or longer, there was reinnervation of small areas of the olfactory bulb by regenerated olfactory axons. These new olfactory axons innervated only superficial glomeruli or the outer portions of deeper glomeruli, but they formed synaptic contacts with mitral/tufted cells and periglomerular cells that did not differ from control animals. These findings were supported by tract-tracing experiments with 3H-amino acids and by behavioral analysis.In summary, the ultrastructural changes observed in the olfactory bulb in this study were not significantly different from those observed after surgical lesions of the olfactory epithelium or nerve. The olfactory bulb, however, never fully recovered; glomeruli remained shrunken (though with normal dendro-dendritic synaptic connections), and there was minimal olfactory axon reinnervation. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 69
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 24 (1993), S. 260-280 
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Schlagwort(e): Neuroanatomy ; Invertebrate brain ; Neurons ; Glial cells ; Olfactory system ; Immunocytochemistry ; Electron microscopy ; Neural development ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft
    Notizen: Many insects possess a highly developed sense of smell. This paper summarizes the cellular and synaptic organization of the antennal (olfactory) lobe of the insect brain and then reviews morphological and fine-structural aspects of the development of the lobe. Visualization of synapses between classes of neurons identified by physiological, morphological, or transmitter-cytochemical properties has provided insights into arrangements of contacts and their possible roles in information processing. Studies of development have revealed the requirement for afferent axons from the antenna for the formation of olfactory glomeruli, where virtually all of the synapses in the lobe occur, and have suggested the possibility that glial cells play a role in the instructive influence of the axons on their target neurons in the lobe. The findings reviewed in this paper are primarily from one representative hemimetabolous insect, the American cockroach, and one representative holometabolous insect, a hawkmoth, and comparisons are made with vertebrate systems when appropriate. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 14 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 70
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 24 (1993), S. 43-66 
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Schlagwort(e): Retina ; Intracellular staining ; Horseradish peroxidase ; Electron microscopy ; Cone ; Horizontal cell ; Bipolar cell ; Amacrine cell ; Ganglion cell ; Neurotransmitter ; Synaptic plasticity ; Spinules ; Rhodamine ; Double labelling ; Postembedding immunohistochemistry ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft
    Notizen: A variety of intracellular recording and staining techniques has been used to establish structure-function and, in some cases, structure-function-neurochemical correlations in fish, turtle, and cat retinae. Cone photoreceptor-horizontal cell connectivity has been studied extensively in the cyprinid fish retina by intracellular staining with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and subsequent electron microscopy. The available data suggest that horizontal cell dendrites around the ridge of the synaptic ribbon are postsynaptic, whilst finger-like extensions (“spinules”) of lateral dendrites function as inhibitory feedback terminals. An interesting feature of this inter-action is its plasticity: the feedback pathway is suppressed in the dark and becomes potentiated by light adaptation of the retina.Intracellular recordings and stainings of ganglion cells in both turtle and cat retinae have been possible. Prelabelling of ganglion cells by retrograde transport of rhodamine from the tectum allows ganglion cells to be stained under visual control, and their synaptic inputs determined by electron microscopy. Such studies have been extended to double labelling by using autoradiography or postembedding immunohistochemistry to identify the neurotransmitter content of the labelled cell and/or the neurotransmitter(s) converging upon it. It is envisaged that further applications of intracellular staining followed by double- or even triple-labelling will continue to enhance greatly our understanding of the functional architecture of the vertebrate retina. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 16 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 71
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 25 (1993), S. 173-174 
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Schlagwort(e): Porosity ; Mathematical Morphology ; Electron microscopy ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 72
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 26 (1993), S. 366-373 
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Schlagwort(e): Immunogold labeling ; Electron microscopy ; Lung ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft
    Notizen: Surfactant proteins A, B, and C (SP-A, SP-B, and SP-C) are synthesized in alveolar type II cells. SP-B and SP-C are both synthesized as large precursor molecules that are proteolytically processed to their mature sizes. In a previous immunoelectron microscopic study, we showed that precursor SP-B is processed to its mature size in multivesicular bodies. In the present study, using a specific antibody aginst precursor SP-C, we demonstrate that precursor SP-C is present in the same intracellular compartments of the biosynthetic pathway, i.e., endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex, and multivesicular bodies, as precursor SP-B. Since mature SP-C is known to be present in multilamellar bodies, this suggests a biosynthetic routing and site of processing of this protein similar to those of SP-B. Double-labeling experiments using antibodies against SP-A, precursor SP-B, precursor SP-C, and an antibody against HA I, an adaptor protein involved in the budding of transport vesicles from the Golgi complex, showed that the different surfactant proteins traverse and exit the Golgi complex via the same route. The surfactant proteins do not exit the Golgi complex via HA I-positive coated buds or vesicles. These data are in accordance with the concept that SP-A, SP-B, and SP-C are transported together through the same biosynthetic pathway via multivesicular bodies to multilamellar bodies. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 73
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 221 (1978), S. 157-162 
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Schlagwort(e): Gefrierbruchmethode ; Elektronenmikroskopie ; Zonulae occludentes ; Gap junctions ; Limbus spiralis ; Freeze fracture ; Electron microscopy ; Zonulae occludentes ; Gap junctions ; Spiral limbus
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Summary Replicas of the freeze fractured spiral limbus are studied in chinchillas. Zonulae occludentes are demonstrated between the interdental cells and the inner sulcus cells; gap junctions are described connecting interdental cells and inner sulcus cells to one another and they are found between the perilymphatic cells in the spiral limbus.
    Notizen: Zusammenfassung Untersuchung des Limbus spiralis an Chinchillas mit Hilfe der Gefrierbruchmethode. Zonulae occludentes werden zwischen den Interdentalzellen und den Zellen des inneren Sulcus demonstriert; gap junctions verbinden die Interdentalzellen und die Zellen des inneren Sulcus miteinander, weiter finden sie sich zwischen den perilymphatischen Zellen des Limbus.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 74
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 25 (1978), S. 217-222 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Schlagwort(e): Bone mineral ; Electron microscopy ; X-ray diffraction ; Dark field
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Physik
    Notizen: Summary Electron microscopical observations of the size and shape of bone mineral crystallites have not been in complete agreement with X-ray diffraction findings. The two prevalent viewpoints consider bone mineral crystals to be either rod, or plate like in habit. There appears to be agreement that the smallest dimension of the crystals is about 5 nm, but there is discrepancy in the reported c-axial lengths. The method of dark field imaging is used to obtain a quantitative measurement of the c-axial length distribution in rabbit, ox and human bone: mean c-axial lengths 32.6 nm, 36.2 nm and 32.4 nm, respectively, show no significant difference at the 5% level to the mean c-axial length measured by X-ray line broadening. Both bright and dark field images strongly suggest that bone mineral has a plate like form. Reasons for past discrepancies are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 75
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 33 (1978), S. 353-369 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Schlagwort(e): Synaptic development ; Visual system ; Visual cortex ; Superior colliculus ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The development of synapses in the visual cortex (VC) and superior colliculus (SC) of the rabbit has been examined with the electron microscope. In both areas, the number of synapses reaches adult levels by 20–25 days of postnatal age, but the development in the visual cortex is delayed in comparison to that in the superior colliculus. When S synapses (spheroidal vesicles, asymmetric thickening) are compared with F synapses (flattened vesicles, symmetric thickening), even greater differences are seen. In both the VC and SC, S synapses develop earlier than F synapses, though there is considerable overlap. Of interest is the fact that synapses in the visual cortex seem to overshoot their adult levels late in development, suggesting that an excess of synapses may be formed in this system. Multiple synapses, probably of retinal origin, increase in the first 3 weeks of synaptic development in the SC, but never are present in significant proportions in the VC. Synapse formation most often is characterized by formation of a junction and a postsynaptic thickening, followed by acquisition of synaptic vesicles. After 15 days, there is only a small number of such “non-vesicle synapses” in either the SC or VC.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 76
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 377 (1978), S. 129-144 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Schlagwort(e): Nephropathia epidemica ; Hemorrhagic fever ; Glomerular changes ; Immune complex disease ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Electron microscopical changes in the glomeruli in 20 kidney biopsies from 18 patients, who were suffering from or had lately suffered from Nephropathia epidemica were studied. Various kinds of deposits were seen. Under the endothelial cells there were collections of light flocculent material. Small dark deposits were seen in the mesangium at the mesangial cell processes, inside the thickened basement membrane, and occasionally on the epithelial side of the membrane. Large deposits were seen around mesangial cells in the mesangium. Deposits were less numerous than in chronic immune complex diseases. The intramembranous or subepithelial deposits were associated with “moon craters”, membranous convoluted structures or membrane debris. Granular extracellular mesangial material, round extracellular particles and intraendothelial microtubular inclusions were occasionally seen. In two of our cases occasional capsular epithelial cells showed numerous myelin bodies. Typical viruses were not seen in the glomeruli. The findings are in accord with the short period of scanty immune complex deposition in the glomeruli in the clinically active phase of Nephropathia epidemica.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 77
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 378 (1978), S. 347-359 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Schlagwort(e): Hyaline cartilage ; Proteoglycans ; Glycogen ; Matrix degeneration ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Hyaline cartilage of the talus of a diastrophic dwarf was studied by light and transmission electron microscopy before and after proteoglycan extraction or digestion, glycogen digestion, and enzyme marking. The nuclei of the chondrocytes were as a rule large and round and the cytoplasm contained large vacuoles. Best's carmine stained the cytoplasm of most cells red; after diastase digestion the cytoplasm remained unstained. This suggested that the cells contained glycogen. This observation was complimented by the ultrastructural demonstration of large amounts of glycogen. Cell scars were frequent. The shape and state of activity of the cells as well as the development of intracytoplasmic organelles showed great variability. The matrix showed many areas of degeneration and a general dearth of sulphated acid mucopolysaccharides. A lacey pattern of unmasked collagen fibers was frequently seen. Collagen fibers showed a great variability in diameter and often appeared frayed when examined by electron microscopy. These observations suggest an enzymatic deficiency in chondrocyte mucopolysaccharide and glucose metabolism. The techniques we used when added to biochemical studies should prove useful in the investigation of human dwarfism.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 78
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 379 (1978), S. 25-33 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Schlagwort(e): Electron microscopy ; Microfilaments ; Microtubules ; Nuclear pockets ; Smooth muscle tumours
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Samples of gastric leiomyosarcomas from two male patients (69 years and 57 years of age) were studied by electron microscopy. The tumour cells contained abundant 50–90 å thick microfilaments and microtubules. Another cell type, regarded as immature leiomyosarcoma cell, contained numerous profiles of granular endoplasmic reticulum, free ribosomes and a well developed Golgi apparatus. There were intercellular junctions of zonula adherens-type between adjacent tumour cells. It was concluded that electron microscopy offers a valuable aid in the diagnosis of gastric neoplasms of smooth muscle origin.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 79
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 379 (1978), S. 85-97 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Schlagwort(e): Bronchial carcinoid ; Oncocytoma ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary We describe a bronchial tumor with a biphasic pattern. The main cellular population is composed of large cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm packed with mitochondria. These oncocytes countain few dense-core membrane limited granules. The secondary cell population has the morphological and histochemical features that characterize the typical bronchial carcinoid. A third cell type, recognizable at ultrastructural level, contains numerous neurosecretory granules and abundant large mitochondria, seeming therefore to represent a transitional cell form. We assume that oncocytes and carcinoid cells, found in the same tumor with intermediate forms, represent the extremes of a morphological spectrum. Furthermore, the oncocytic cytoplasmic components (neurosecretory granules and the mitochondria) are present in reciprocal arrangement in the carcinoid cells. These observations, together with similar reported cases suggest that the oncocytic state corresponds to a functional stage. We consider that oncocytes from this endobronchial tumor and from similar pathologic conditions reported in the literature correspond to carcinoid cells with mitochondrial hyperplasia and with diminished endocrine activity. This oncocytic carcinoid tumor is associated, in the same pulmonary lobe, with a second neoplasm that has the histological and ultrastructural features of a poorly differentiated carcinoid (oat-cell carcinoma).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 80
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 380 (1978), S. 317-325 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Schlagwort(e): Meningioma ; Psammoma bodies ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Psammoma bodies from eight meningiomas have been examined by both light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The bodies are primarily composed of calcium apatite which is deposited within a nidus of tightly laminated collagen fibers.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 81
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 381 (1978), S. 1-11 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Schlagwort(e): Central neuroblastoma ; Electron microscopy ; Growth cone ; Primitive neural crest ; Neuronal cytogenesis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary A cerebral neuroblastoma removed surgically from a female child is presented. Electron microscopy showed numerous neuronal processes with growth cones which are a feature of the developing neurone. In addition there were some rosettes with distinct lumina. The luminal surfaces were covered with a smooth plasma membrane lacking any surface differentiation and the lateral surface of these cells had many cell junctions (terminal bars), reminiscent of a primitive neural tube. These features in a nerve cell tumor help to substantiate it as a neuroblastoma arising from immature rather than differentiated cells. The nature of this rare tumor is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 82
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 377 (1978), S. 287-300 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Schlagwort(e): Megacolon ; Large intestine ; Endocrine cells ; Immunohistochemistry ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The large intestine resected from 6 Hirschsprung's patients and surgical colonic biopsies from 6 control children were examined with light and electron microscopy. The presence and the relative distribution of various endocrine cell types in both groups of mucosa were determined. In light microscope studies endocrine cell data were expressed as number of cells per unit area of mucosa using a quantitative method after argentaffin and Grimelius's argyrophilic techniques and an immunoperoxidase reaction with glucagon and somatostatin (SRIF) antisera. The results indicate that endocrine cells are apparently not involved in Hirschsprung's disease, since their number and frequency did not differ significantly between the ganglionic and aganglionic segments of Hirschsprung's patients nor between the latter and control children. Glucagon immunoreactive cells were, on the average, 5–6 times and 7–9 times more numerous that SRIF cells in the rectum and the sigmoid, respectively. Ultrastructurally, five endocrine cell types could be distinguished. The fifth type, probably a transition type, apparently disappears in adults.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 83
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 378 (1978), S. 55-65 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Schlagwort(e): Pituitary adenoma ; Acromegaly ; Hormone secretion ; Electron microscopy ; Immunologic techniques
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Ultrastructural examination of 184 pituitary adenomas demonstrated the presence of extracellular accumulations of electron dense material in 3 out of 64 cases with acromegaly. Fibrillary structures were seen in larger deposits of such material. This material was only observed in biopsies fixed directly with osmium tetroxide; initial fixation with glutaraldehyde did not retain the material and left empty spaces. Positive immuno-histochemical reaction with specific antibodies demonstrated that the extracellular material contained growth hormone (GH). The presence of this extracellular material could not be related to the age or sex of the patient nor to the duration of symptoms, size of the tumor, presence of diabetes mellitus, or concomitant secretion of prolactin. The pericapillary fibrous sheath was heavily thickened in the patient with the longest duration of symptoms, intermediate in thickness in the second and normal in the third.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 84
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 379 (1978), S. 73-83 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Schlagwort(e): Neurofibrome ; Tactile-like corpuscles ; Perineurial cell ; Neuroectodermal origin ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary In neurofibromas type I (plexiform) and type II (diffuse) the Schwann cell is the predominant cell in the neoplastic proliferation. Electron microscopic investigation of a neurofibroma with structures resembling tactile corpuscles (type III) revealed neoplastic proliferation of perineurial instead of Schwann cells. The tactile-like (pseudo-Meissnerian) corpuscles (corpuscules neurofibromateux) are formed by neoplastic perineurial cells. These cells have a tendency to wrap themselves around longitudinal structures, such as collagen fibres or axons, and to come into direct contact with the latter. This close relationship between the axon and the neoplastic perineurial cell, analogous to that between axon and Schwann cell, points to a neuroectodermal origin of the perineurial cell. The electron microscopic appearances suggest that either the Schwann cell or the perineurial cell is the essential neoplastic component of neurofibromas, the fibroblastic proliferation being a secondary phenomenon.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 85
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 380 (1978), S. 31-48 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Schlagwort(e): Human liver ; Acute alcoholic hepatitis ; Histoenzymology ; Electron microscopy ; Alcoholic cirrhosis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The interpretation of the morphological features of alcoholic hepatitis is discussed in terms of a comparison with the results of an ultrastructural and histoenzymological study of the liver biopsies of nine patients. In these patients liver biopsies were performed in the initial stage of the illness and fifteen days after five were re-biopsied, when the clinical and biological signs were improved. The correlations between morphological and biological data were good, especially for the levels of serological and histoenzymological alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase evaluations. However, when histological appearances had returned to normal, after two weeks of abstinence from alcohol several histological and ultrastructural features of the initial hepatitis persisted. The presence of evolving cirrhosis was a contributing factor to the severity of the changes seen. Morphologically, apart from the changes due to chronic alcoholic intoxication (steatosis, mitochondrial alteration), the hepatitic lesions comprise Mallory's bodies, cytoplasmic oedema and mitochondrial swelling. Cholestasis was invariably present. Histo-enzymologically there was a reduction in ATPase activity suggesting a metabolic failure in the energy producing pathways. In addition, in the periphery of lobules an active cirrhotic process was present, with tubular de-differentiation of hepatocytes and an increase in gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase on the cytoplasmic membrane. Because of the absence of any topographical relationship between hepatitis and cirrhosis, the presence of lymphocytes in the neighbourhood of the ductules suggested an indirect relationship between both processes, perhaps an autoimmune response initiated by Mallory's bodies.
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  • 86
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Schlagwort(e): Human myocardium ; Left ventricle ; Electron microscopy ; Morphometry ; Aging
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Licht- und elektronenmikroskopisch wurde mit einem manuell-optischen Bildanalysesystem eine morphometrische Analyse am Herzmuskel durchgeführt. Das Untersuchungsgut stammte aus nicht belasteten menschlichen linken Ventrikeln, welches bei herzchirurgischen Eingriffen gewonnen wurde. Bei den Patienten lag entweder ein Foramen ovale persistens, ein Vorhofseptumdefekt (ASD) I.–II. Grades oder eine reine Mitralstenose III.–IV. Grades vor. Die linken Kammerdruckmittelwerte lagen im Normbereich. Das Patientengut konnte in eine junge Patientengruppe von 5–15 Jahren und in eine alte Patientengruppe von 42–78 Jahren unterteilt werden. Lichtmikroskopisch wurde ermittelt, da\ sich der Anteil des Interstitium am Herzmuskelgewebe mit dem Alter nicht verÄndert. Die Anzahldichte der Herzmuskelzellkerne nimmt im Alter ab (P〈0,001), was auf eine Verringerung der Anzahldichte der Herzmuskelzellen pro Testvolumen und eine Vergrö\erung der einzelnen Herzmuskelzelle schlie\en lÄ\t. Elektronenmikroskopisch konnte eine Vermehrung der Volumendichte der Myofibrillen (P〈0,02) mit zunehmendem Alter nachgewiesen werden, wÄhrend die Volumendichte der Mitochondrien konstant bleibt und die Volumendichte des restlichen Cytoplasmas sogar abnimmt (P〈0,05). Die Anzahl der Mitochondrien erhöht sich im Alter (P〈0,001), so da\ bei den einzelnen Mitochondrien mit zunehmendem Alter eine Verkleinerung eintritt.
    Notizen: Summary An ultrastructural and morphometric analysis was performed on human myocardial left ventricle, obtained during surgical heart operations on normally loaded ventricles. The diagnoses of the patients were a) Persistant foramen ovale b) Atrial septal defect stage (I.–II.) c) Mitral stenosis (stage III.–IV.). The median values of left ventricular pressure were not pathologically elevated. The patients were divided in 2 groups, the younger one ranging from 5–15 years, the older from 42–78 years. It was shown that the volume density of the interstitial tissue does not differ with the aging process. The number of the nuclei per test area of the heart muscle cells decreased within age (P〈0.001). This finding suggests a decreasing process in the number of the heart muscle cells and an increase in size of the individual myocardial cell. Increase in the volume density of myofibrils was demonstrated at electron microscopical level with aging (P〈0.02). The volume density of mitochondria is the same in both groups, whereas the volume density of the remaining cytoplasm (without myofibrils and mitochondria) decreases (P〈0.05). The numerical density of the mitochondria increased in the older patient group (P〈0.001).
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  • 87
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Schlagwort(e): Human myocardium ; Left ventricle ; Hypertrophy ; Electron microscopy ; Morphometry
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung An den KammerwÄnden menschlicher linker Ventrikel, die auf Grund einer Aortenstenose, einer Aorteninsuffizienz oder eines kombinierten Aortenvitium hypertrophiert waren, wurden licht- und elektronenmikroskopisch morphometrische Untersuchungen angestellt. Die Ergebnisse wurden mit denen, die an nicht belasteten menschlichen linken Ventrikeln gewonnen wurden, verglichen. Lichtmikroskopisch unterscheiden sich die Anteile der Volumendichten des Interstitium und der Herzmuskelzellen am gesamten Herzmuskelgewebe nicht statistisch signifikant. Es konnte morphometrisch eine Zellvergrö\erung festgestellt werden, die aus der signifikanten Verringerung der Volumendichte der Zellkerne (P〈0,001) und der Anzahl der Zellkerne pro TestflÄche (P〈0,0001) gegenüber den beiden Normalkollektiven resultiert. Elektronenmikroskopisch ist eine Zunahme der Volumendichten der Myofibrillen (P〈0,0001) auf Kosten des restlichen Cytoplasmas (P〈0,001) festzustellen, wÄhrend die Volumendichte der Mitochondrien im Vergleich mit den jungen und alten Patienten abnahm (P〈0,0001). Die OberflÄchendichte der Mitochondrien verringerte sich gegenüber den beiden Vergleichskollektiven (P〈0,001) ebenso wie die der Cristae mitochondriales (P〈0,0001). Diese Ergebnisse finden ihr morphologisches Korrelat in Mitochondriendestruktionen. Eine vermehrte Myolyse hat bei den hypertrophierten Herzen, die alle gewichtsmÄ\ig über dem kritischen Herzgewicht lagen, noch nicht eingesetzt. Bei allen Patienten wurde der herzchirurgische Eingriff mit Erfolg durchgeführt.
    Notizen: Summary Biopsies of hypertrophied human myocardial left ventricles were investigated morphometrically. The diagnoses of the patients were stenosis of the aortic valve, aortic insufficiency or a combination of both lesions. The results were compared with those from normally loaded human left ventricles. There are no differences on light microscopical level between the volume densities of interstitial tissue and of heart muscle cells in the three groups of patients. A significant diminution of the volume density of the nuclei (P〈0.001) and the number of nuclei per test area (P〈0.0001) when compared with normal groups suggests an increase in volume of the single heart muscle cell. The ultrastructural study shows marked increase in volume density of myofibrils (P〈0.0001), with accompanying decrease in the volume densities of mitochondria (P〈0.0001) and the remaining cytoplasm (P〈0.001). A gross decrease in the surface area of mitochondria (P〈0.001) and of cristae mitochondriales (P〈0.0001) is found. The morphological equivalents of this result are numerous stages of mitochondrial destruction including cristolysis. All myocardial weights were beyond the “critical heart weight”.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 88
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Schlagwort(e): Myofibrillogenesis ; Human heart ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The myofibrillogenesis in the human embryonic heart is described. The synthesis of thin filaments, which are the first to appear, takes place in close proximity to smooth surfaced SR tubules. Z-band material is closely related to the thin filaments and appears first as irregularly distributed patches in the filamenteous mass. Further cellular differentiation includes an organization of the thin filaments/Z-band material. The synthesis of thick filaments, which follows that of the thin filaments, takes place in ribosome rich areas of the cell. They are rapidly incorporated into the strings of organized thin filaments/Z-band material. The periodic binding sites on both kinds of filaments are believed to play an important role in the precise ordering of the filaments. The formation of myofilaments in the adult hypertrophied human heart is also described. The similarities between this process and that observed in the embryonic heart are striking, and we believe it to be the same process.
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  • 89
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 152 (1978), S. 223-234 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Schlagwort(e): Chick embryo ; Lung maturation ; “in ovo” decapitation ; Lung lipids ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The effects of “in ovo” hypophysectomy on lung maturation of the chick embryo were investigated. Both biochemical and morphological aspects of differentiation were markedly delayed in experimental embryos: the phospholipid content of lungs was lower than in controls at all stages, whereas the water content remained very high. The type II pneumocytes, which normally appear within the epithelium on day 16 of incubation, started to differentiate only between days 18 and 20 of incubation in the decapitated embryos. The differentiation of type I pneumocytes leading to the formation of air capillaries was also slowed down: they did not appear until the end of incubation in decapitated embryos, whereas they normally start to appear on day 19. The presence of an intact hypophysis is thus essential for normal lung maturation in the chicken.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 90
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 152 (1978), S. 235-241 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Schlagwort(e): Chick embryo ; Lung maturation ; Influence of pituitary ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary In order to discover whether the embryonic chick hypophysis acts upon lung maturation directly or via its corticotrophic activity, immature lung primordia were grafted into young hosts, either alone or associated with functional adrenals or pituitaries. When lung primordia were grafted alone, type II pneumocytes did not differentiate. Their differentiation was restored when lung primordia were grafted in association with either adrenals or pituitaries. This last result, which was also obtained in vitro, shows that the hypophysis is able, by itself, to promote the maturation of respiratory epithelium.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 91
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 153 (1978), S. 287-293 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Schlagwort(e): Mouse embryos ; Visceral yolk sac ; Trypan blue ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The ultrastructural features of the early visceral yolk sac epithelium of normal mouse embryos on day 9 were compared to those whose mothers had received a single subcutaneous injection of 100 mg/kg trypan blue on day 8. The following results were obtained: In normal embryos the visceral yolk sac cells are predominantly characterized by numerous membrane bounded inclusions localized in the supranuclear cytoplasm. In embryos of animals treated with trypan blue, at about 12h after injection large single and only partly membrane bounded vacuoles are observed occupying most of the apical cytoplasm. Up to 24h after injection large cytoplasmic areas are seen which are in a stage of autodigestion possibly due to leakage of the vacuolar content. These alterations are exclusively limited to the visceral yolk sac epithelium whereas in the cells of the embryonic part, e.g. head process, no changes could be found. The observations are discussed in relation to the mechanism of the teratogenic activity of trypan blue.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 92
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 153 (1978), S. 23-36 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Schlagwort(e): Electron microscopy ; Quail embryo ; Rathke's pouch
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Adenohypophyseal region of quail embryo has been examined by electron microscopy from stage 12 to stage 21 of Zacchei (1961). The Seessel's pouch develops prior to the early stages of adenohypophysis formation, then regresses while Rathke's pouch proliferates and differentiates. From Rathke's pouch formation by stage 12 (48 h of incubation) until appearance of the first secretory granules by stage 21 (6 days of incubation), there are no major ultrastructural modifications in adenohypophyseal cells. Mitochondria, Golgi vesicles, polysomic ribosomes, pinocytotic vesicles, and mitotic figures become more numerous while nucleocytoplasmic ratio and the number of ribosomes and lipid droplets decreases. The major change is the appearance of secretory granules by day 6 of incubation. This phenomenon occurs at the same time as in chick embryo, despite an incubation period shorter for quail than for chick. Mitotic figures are mainly distributed near the pouch lumen, while secretory granules are first located in the peripheral cells of the cephalic part ofpars distalis primordium. The hypothetical role of mesenchyme and vascularization is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 93
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 261 (1978), S. 7-16 
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Schlagwort(e): Erythema elevatum diutinum ; Extracellular cholesterosis ; Electron microscopy ; Lipid deposition ; Vasculitis ; Erythema elevatum diutinum ; Extracelluläre Cholesterinose ; Elektronenmikroskopie ; Lipidablagerung ; Vaskulitis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung 1. Ein typischer Fall von Erythema elevatum diutinum (E.e.d.) mit extracellulärer Cholesterinose bei einer 48jährigen Patientin mit bisher 15 Jahre dauerndem Verlauf wird klinisch und histologisch beschrieben. 2. Elektronenmikroskopisch wird die histologisch und immunfluorescenzmikroskopisch nachgewiesene leukocytoklastische Vaskulitis bestätigt. In älteren Herden herrschen Histiocyten/Makrophagen vor. Intra- und extracelluläre Lipidablagerungen erscheinen elektronenmikroskopisch unter verschiedenartigen Bildern, die sich in ihrer Gesamtheit von allen anderen bisher ultrastrukturell beschriebenen Krankheiten mit Lipidablagerungen unterscheiden. 3. Die Befunde sind mit der Hypothese vereinbar, daß primär bei E.e.d. eine besondere Form von chronischer leukocytoklastischer Vaskulitis vorliegt und die Lipidablagerungen sekundär auf dem Boden von Gefäßwandschädigungen und Nekrosen entstehen.
    Notizen: Summary 1. A typical case of Erythema elevatum diutinum (E.e.d.) with extracellular cholesterosis is described clinically and histologically in a 48-year-old woman. The disease had a course of 15 years. 2. Electron microscopy confirmed the histological and immunfluorescent findings of leucocytoclastic vasculitis. In older lesions, histiocytes/macrophages predominate. Intra- and extracellular lipid depositions showed a variety of ultrastuctural characteristics which differed from electron microscopical findings described in other disorders associated with lipid deposition. 3. The findings are in accordance with the hypothesis that the primary event in E.e.d. is a special type of chronic leukocytoclastic vasculitis. Subsequently, the damage of the vessel walls and focal necrosis may lead to secondary lipid deposition.
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  • 94
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 262 (1978), S. 83-96 
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Schlagwort(e): Keratohyalin ; Keratinization ; Wart ; Papilloma ; Rat tongue ; Electron microscopy ; Osmium tetroxide ; Hydrogen peroxide ; Pepsin ; Keratohyalin ; Keratinisation ; Warzen ; Papillom ; Rattenzunge ; Elektronenmikroskopie ; Osmiumtetroxid ; Hydrogenperoxid ; Pepsin
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Die Heterogenität von Keratohyalin wurde in der Rattenzunge und in menschlichen Warzen dargestellt. Beide zeigen morphologische Ähnlichkeiten, wie dichte homogene ovoide einzelne Granula und zusammengesetzte Granula, die offenbar aus einzelnen Granula sich ableiten und von einer Membran überzogen sind. Die Ultrastruktur dieser Keratohyalinkörper wurde durch Fixierung mit Osmiumsäure nach Oxydation mit H2O2 und nach Pepsinbehandlung verglichen. Die einzelnen Granula sind osmiophil, während die zusammengesetzte Granula diese Eigenschaft nicht zeigen. Bei menschlichen Warzen zeigte sich eine fehlende Oxydierung durch H2O2 der einzelnen Granula, während die zusammengesetzten Granula oxydationsempfindlich sind. In der Zunge von neugeborenen Ratten zeigten sich die umgekehrten Verhältnisse. Diese Unterschiede zeigen, daß es unmöglich ist, die Bildung von Keratohyalingranula auf dem gleichen Wege zu erklären, wie die der Keratohyalingranula bei den Ratten, obwohl ultrastrukturelle Ähnlichkeiten bestehen. Es erscheint wichtig darauf hinzuweisen, daß die Keratogenese und die Keratohyalingranulabildung, die bei den Verrucae vulgaris vorliegt, von der Keratohyalinentwicklung in der Rattenzunge sich unterscheidet.
    Notizen: Summary The heterogenecity of keratohyalin (KH) has been demonstrated in rats, then in human warts where similar morphological features have been found and among them, dense homogeneous ovoïd single granules (SG) and composite granules (CG) apparently made up of single granules “coated” with a matrix. This work compares the ultrastructure of the KH of the tongue of newborn rats with that of common warts with and without post-fixation by OsO4, after oxydation by H2O2 and after pepsin treatment. The osmiophily of the SG is confirmed as well as the absence of osmiophily of the matrix of the CG. In man, however, the SG are resistant to oxydation by H2O2 and the CG matrix is oxydation sensitive whereas the opposite is observed in the case of rats. These differences show that it is impossible to deduce the composition of the KH in human warts from that of the rat despite their close ultrastructural resemblance but that important modification of the keratogenesis and KH formation are induced in the cells parasited by the virus of common warts.
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  • 95
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 262 (1978), S. 301-309 
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Schlagwort(e): Lymphatic vessel(s)-lv ; Localized lymphangioma circumscriptum-Lc ; Electron microscopy ; Lymphgefäße ; lokalisiertes Lymphangiom ; Elektronenmikroskopie
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Die Lymphgefäße (lv) in einem lokalisiertem Lymphagiom (Lc) wurde elektronenmikroskopisch untersucht. Dieses Lymphangiom, das kein Hämangiom begleitete, wies klinisch ein typisches Bild auf, und zeigte histologisch keine entzündlichen Zeichen. Die Lymphgefäße in dieser Veränderung wurden morphologisch in zwei Typen eingeteilt. Die Lymphgefäße des ersteren Typs, die im oberen Corium lagen, zeigten wie bei der experimentell induzierten Lymph-Stauung, ähnliche Bilder während diejenigen im tieferen Corium, Ähnlichkeiten zu den des normalen Lymphgefäßes erkennen lassen. Aufgrund der in dieser Untersuchung erlangten Befunde und unter Berücksichtigung der Literaturen ließ sich ableiten, daß dieses lokalisierte Lymphagiom nicht als ein echter gutartiger Tumor betrachtet wurde, sondern durch eine dauernde Lymph-Stauung in einem tumorartigen Zustand gehalten wurde.
    Notizen: Summary An electron microscopic study was performed on the lymphatic vessel (lv) of localized lymphangioma circumscriptum (Lc), which was found clinically typical but histologically not associated with hemangioma and inflammation. The lv of Lc was morphologically divided into two types. The first type was situated at the upper dermis of the lesion and the other, at the deep dermis. The former had certain similarities to lv of experimentally induced lymph-stasis, whereas the latter was morphologically similar to lv of the normal skin. From the findings of the present study and those reported in literature, Lc could not be considered as a mere benign overgrowth of lv, but as one of pathological results induced by a long-standing lymph-stasis.
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  • 96
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 263 (1978), S. 1-12 
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Schlagwort(e): Viral papilloma ; Flat warts ; Epidermodysplasia verruciformis ; Human papovavirus ; Electron microscopy ; Virusales Papillengeschwulst ; Warzen ; Epidermodysplasia verruciformis ; Papovavirus beim Menschen ; Elektronenmikroskopie
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Bei der Beantwortung der Fragen, ob die Epidermodysplasia verruciformis (E. V.) und die disseminierten Warzen verschiedene Erkrankungen sind, wurde eine vergleichende ultrastrukturelle Studie der epidermalen Klarzellen von zwei Fällen von E.V. und 4 Warzen von 4 Patienten, bei denen 3 unter immunsuppressiver Therapie standen, vorgenommen. Bei der E.V. wurde eine Reduktion der Tonofilamente und des Keratohyalins und bei den flachen Warzen ein zentrifugales Ödem und eine Vakuolisierung festgestellt. Die Zahl der Ribosomen war beim E.V. erhöht und vermindert bei den flachen Warzen. Somit können diese beiden Erkrankungen untereinander differenziert werden und weisen auf eine unterschiedliche Gast-Virus-Beziehung hin.
    Notizen: Summary Are Epidermodysplasia verruciformis (E. V.) and disseminated flat warts different diseases? Are there any diagnostic criteria between them? In order to attempt answering these 2 questions, fundamental for prognosis and nosology, a comparative ultrastructural study was made of epidermal clear cells of 2 cases of E. V. and 4 flat warts from 4 patients of whom 3 were under immunosuppression drugs. The reason of cytoplasmic electron translucency was mainly a reduction in tonofilaments and keratohyalin amounts in E. V. and a centrifugal edema and vacuolization in flat warts. On the other hand, the number of ribosomes was raised in E. V. and reduced in flat warts. These findings allow differentiation between the 2 diseases and suggest a possible different host-virus relationship.
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  • 97
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 36 (1978), S. 149-157 
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Schlagwort(e): Plasmazellen ; Nichtsekretorisches Myelom ; Elektronenmikroskopie ; Plasma cells ; Non-secretory myeloma ; Electron microscopy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Summary A case of “non-secretory” multiple myeloma is described. The diagnosis was based on the clinical picture, typical radiological findings, and infiltration of the bone marrow by myeloma cells which showed specific immuno-fluorescence staining mainly with antisera for IgM and kappa light chains. An attempt is made to explain the absence of pathological proteins in the serum, based on the ultrastructural findings of the myeloma cells, which showed “buddings” of the cell membranes containing endoplasmic reticulum and cytoplasmic material. It is suggested that the cells of the “non-secretory” type of multiple myeloma possess a normal excretory mechanism, but the pathological proteins are prevented to be secreted in the serum being surrounded by portions of the cell membrane.
    Notizen: Zusammenfassung Bei einem Patienten mit nichtsekretorischem Plasmozytom wurden die Plasmazellen immunologisch und elektronenmikroskopisch untersucht. Die Diagnose beruhte auf dem klinischen Bild, den typischen Röntgenbefunden und einer Infiltration des Knochenmarks durch Plasmozytomzellen, die eine spezifische Immunfiuoreszenz mit Antiseren für IgM und kappa-Leichtketten zeigten. Es wird versucht, das Fehlen des Paraproteins im Serum mit Hilfe der elektronenmikroskopischen VerÄnderungen zu erklÄren. In den Plasmazellen der nichtsekretorischen Myelome wird die Sekretion der Paraproteine wahrscheinlich dadurch verhindert, da\ sie durch Membranfragmente eingeschlossen werden.
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  • 98
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 263 (1978), S. 47-58 
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Schlagwort(e): Candida albicans ; 8-Methoxypsoralen ; UVA ; Electron microscopy ; Candida albicans ; 8-Methoxypsoralen ; UVA ; Elektronenmikroskopie
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Candida (C.) albicans Zellen wurden 8-Methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) Konzentrationen von 1,0 μg/ml und 10,0 μg/ml Medium ausgesetzt und anschließend mit UVA (365 nm) bestrahlt. Die Bestrahlungsdosis betrug 4,8 J/cm2. Zwei unterschiedliche Arten von Zellschäden wurden beobachtet, die einmal das Cytoplasma und dessen Organellen, zum andern die Zellwand der Hefezellen betrafen. 2h nach Abschluß der Bestrahlung sah man Unregelmäßigkeiten der Form der Mitochondrien, die mitochondrialen Membranen waren verschwommen, die Cristae schwer oder nicht erkennbar. Die Zahl der Vacuolen war erhöht. Das Cytoplasma war von unregelmäßig begrenzten Bezirken verminderter Elektronendichte durchsetzt, die cytoplasmatische Membran war stellenweise nicht darstellbar. Kern und Kernhüllen ließen zu diesem Zeitpunkt keine Auffälligkeiten erkennen. 24 h nach Behandlungsende traten zusätzlich eigentümliche Veränderungen der Zellwand auf. Neugebildete Zellwandmassen saßen der innersten Wandschicht kugel-oder sichelförmig auf. Die Untersuchungen legen nahe, daß die nach kombinierter Anwendung von 8-MOP und UVA an C. albicans Zellen erhobenen Befunde nicht im Sinne einer allgemein cytotoxischen Wirkung interpretierbar sind. Anscheinend handelt es sich um ein Kombinationsgeschehen aus regressiven und progressiven Veränderungen.
    Notizen: Summary Candida (C.) albicans cells were exposed to 8-Methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) concentrations of 1.0 μg/ml and 10.0 μg/ml medium and irradiated with 365 nm light. The amount of energy emitted was 4.8 J/cm2. Two divergent types of cell damage occured concerning yeast cell cytoplasm and cell wall. Two hours after exposure cytoplasmic changes involving mitochondria, which showed irregularities in shape, blurred appearance or loss of mitochondrial cristae and outer membrane were seen. The number of vacuoles was increased. The cytoplasm showed large electron transparent areas, the cytoplasmic membrane disappeared in some areas completely. Nucleus and nuclear envelope usually remained intact in early stages. 24h after exposure conspicuous cell wall alterations were observed in addition to cytoplasmic changes. Newly produced cell wall material formed ball-like protrusions or was adherent sickle-shaped to the cell wall. The investigations strongly suggest that the results found after 8-MOP-UVA treatment of C. albicans cells can not be interpreted in the sense of a general cytotoxic effect. Apparently it takes the form of a combination of events involving regressive and progressive alterations.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 99
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 263 (1978), S. 227-233 
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Schlagwort(e): Erythrocytes ; Painful bruising syndrome ; Freeze-etching ; Electron microscopy ; Rote Blutzellen ; ≫Painful bruising≪-Syndrom ; Gefrierätzung ; Elektronen-Mikroskopie
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Bei 3 Patienten mit dem Gardner-Diamond Syndrom oder dem ≫painful bruising≪-Syndrom sind morphologische Abweichungen an roten Blutzellen festgestellt worden. Von diesen roten Zellen, die bei der Ficoll/Isopaque Gradient Zentrifugation nicht sedimentierten, werden teilweise keulenförmige Ausläufer, Mitochondrien, Kernreste und Vacuolen festgestellt. Bei pH 7.4 zeigten 90% der roten Blutzellen in Gefrierätzparaten Ausbuchtungen auf der Membran, während bei pH 6,4 noch 25% der roten Zellen diese Erhebungen zeigten. Im Kontrolpräparaten waren diesen Zahlen 55% und 0% unterschiedlich bei pH 7.4 und 6.4. Die Geldrollenbildung im Blut von Patienten mit dem ≫painful bruising≪-Syndrom war stark erhöht.
    Notizen: Summary Red cells of 3 patients with the painful bruising syndrome showed morphological anormalities. In the fraction not sedimenting in Ficoll/Isopaque gradient centrifugation, some of these cells had club-shaped processes, mitochondria, nuclear remnants, and vacuoles. In freeze-etch preparations, 90% of the red cells showed membrane elevations at pH 7.4 and 25% at pH 6.4, while in freeze-etch preparations of controls these values were 55 and 0 respectively. In addition, rouleaux formation was markedly enhanced in the preparations of blood of patients with the painful bruising syndrome.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 41 (1978), S. 229-234 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Schlagwort(e): Atypical senile dementia ; Electron microscopy ; Two types of filaments (neurofibrillary tangles)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary A man aged 70, showed early disorientation, memory defects, delusions and rages at 66, later mental deterioration with muteness and dysphagia. He died of cardiac failure. The postmortem examination revealed macroscopically and light microscopically the neuropathological findings of atypical senile dementia. Moreover, it is the interesting characteristic in the presented case that there are electron microscopically two types of filaments making the neurofibrillary tangles. One showed the so-called “paired helical filaments”, which were observed in the cerebral cortex. The other showed parallel “straight filaments”. These “straight filaments” were found in the bilateral hippocampi.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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