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  • 1985-1989  (448)
  • 1925-1929
  • 1880-1889
  • 1987  (448)
  • Engineering General  (448)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Least-squares schemes for time integration of thermal problems (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 159-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The paper proposes a generalized least-squares time finite element procedure for analysis of transient field problems. It leads to a very general four parameter and two time level family of schemes. The free parameters are optimized in terms of accuracy, stability and oscillatory behaviour of the computational algorithm. In the case of linear problems an unconditionally stable scheme of fourth-order accuracy is obtained. Special choices of the free parameters also give a number of well-known time-integration schemes, such as the Zienkiewicz-Lewis third-order algorithm, the Goodrich scheme and standard schemes such as the Crank-Nicolson and backward fully implicit schemes. The main disadvantage of the higher order algorithm is a large bandwidth of the system matrix owing to the matrix terms of the form KTK. This drawback is reduced for special choices of the parameters by forming a product formula. Somewhat more computation is required than for popular schemes such as the generalized midpoint rule, depending on the prescribed variables. Numerical comparisons are made between the proposed higher order schemes and standard schemes.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240112
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The front-tracking scheme for the one-dimensional freezing problem (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 859-869 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The one-dimensional freezing problem can be solved numerically for the temperature distribution accompanied by explicit reference to the position of the freezing front at each time interval. A new front-tracking scheme provides accurate determination of the phase front, which is an essential requirement for the temperature distribution in the different phases of such problems. The front is made to coincide with a grid-node throughout the analysis. The scheme uses a combination of the finite difference and the finite element methods for obtaining the solution of the freezing problems.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240503
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Model-size reduction for the analysis of symmetric structures with asymmetric boundary conditions (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 913-926 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A simple computational procedure is presented for reducing the size of the analysis model for a symmetric structure with asymmetric boundary conditions to that of the corresponding structure with symmetric boundary conditions. The procedure is based on approximating the asymmetric response of the structure by a linear combination of symmetric and antisymmetric global approximation vectors (or modes). The key elements of the procedure are (a) restructuring the governing finite element equations to delineate the contributions to the symmetric and antisymmetric components of the asymmetric response, (b) successive application of the finite element method and the classical Rayleigh-Ritz technique. The finite element method is first used to generate a few global approximation vectors (or modes). Then the amplitudes of these modes are computed by using the Rayleigh-Ritz technique.A tracing parameter is introduced which identifies all the contributions to the antisymmetric response. The global approximation vectors are selected to be the solution corresponding to a zero value of the tracing parameter and the various-order derivatives of the solution with respect to this parameter, evaluated at zero value of the parameter. The size of the analysis model used in generating the global approximation vectors is identical to that of the corresponding structure with symmetric boundary conditions.The effectiveness of the computational procedure is demonstrated by means of numerical examples of linear static problems of shells, and its potential for solving non-linear problems is discussed.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240506
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A self-adaptive co-ordinate transformation for efficient numerical evaluation of general boundary element integrals (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 959-973 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Almost all general purpose boundary element computer packages include a curved geometry modelling capability. Thus, numerical quadrature schemes play an important role in the efficiency of programming the technique. The present work discusses this problem in detail and introduces efficient means of computing singular or nearly singular integrals currently found in two-dimensional, axisymmetric and three-dimensional applications. Emphasis is given to a new third degree polynomial transformation which was found greatly to improve the accuracy of Gaussian quadrature scheme's within the near-singularity range. The procedure can easily be implemented into existing BE codes and presents the important feature of being self-adaptive, i.e. it produces a variable lumping of the Gauss stations toward the singularity, depending on the minimum distance from the source point to the element. The self-adaptiveness of the scheme also makes it inactive when not useful (large source distances) which makes it very safe for general usage.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240509
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some improvements of the finite element solution for one-dimensional problems (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 993-1014 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: New algorithms which improve the finite element solution on a fixed mesh of the domain are developed. For this, objective functions which depend on a positive parameter to be determined are proposed. These functions lead to criteria which combine in several ways the residual of the solution, the approximation in the Euclidean norm of the value of the solution at the nodes, and the approximations in the energy and Hk norms. Some aspects of optimality are studied and, finally, numerical results are given.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240511
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The ‘effective-stress-function’ algorithm for thermo-elasto-plasticity and creep (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1509-1532 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: An algorithm for stable and accurate computations of stresses in finite element thermo-elastic-plastic and creep analysis of metals is presented. The effective-stress-function algorithm solves the governing equations of the inelastic constitutive behaviour by calculating the zero of the appropriate effective-stress-function: a functional relationship which involves as unknown only the effective stress. The derivation of the effective-stress-function for thermo-elasto-plasticity conditions, including creep, for 2-D and 3-D analysis is presented, and the algorithmic steps of the stress solution are discussed. For use in the stiffness matrix a tangent material stress-strain relationship is evaluated consistent with the effective-stress-function algorithm. The solution of some demonstrative problems shows the effectiveness of the solution procedure.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240808
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Making the boundary element method less sensitive to changes or errors in the input data (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1533-1540 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: To solve a problem by the boundary element method requires a solution of an integral equation. By discretizing the boundary, the integral equation is reduced to a set of linear algebraic equations. If the matrix in algebraic equation is not diagonal dominant or more precisely, poorly conditioned, then the accuracy of the numerical solution becomes very sensitive to small changes in the input data. Small errors in the input data or changes in the mesh description can change the solution drastically.In this paper a scheme is described which improves the condition of the matrix. Furthermore, it also reduces the sensitivity of the condition of the matrix to changes in the mesh description. The ideas described are applicable to any boundary element formulation. However, the numerical examples are from two-dimensional elastostatics solved by the indirect version of the boundary element method.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240809
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A numerical method for dynamic analysis of a general cross-section rod under combined loads (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1079-1091 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This paper is concerned with a method for obtaining stresses in a rod of arbitrary cross-section subjected to combined loads of bending, shearing and torsion which are the complicated functions of time. In the first step, the analysis derives the bending moment, shearing force and torsional moment by use of a combination method of the Laplace transformation and Fourier series expansion. The transient stresses are obtained based on the two-dimensional theory of elasticity, but in which the Fourier expansion collocation procedure is applied to deal with the complex boundary shape of the cross-section. To affirm the validity of this analysis, experimental tests are also carried out for an oval rod subjected to the three combined transient loads.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240604
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Norm methods and partial weighting in multicriterion optimization of structures (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1101-1121 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Methods for generating Pareto optimal solutions to a multicriterion optimization problem are considered. The norm methods based on the scalarization of the original multicriterion problem by using the lp-norm are discussed in a unified form and a parametrization suitable for different interactive design systems is suggested. In addition, an alternative approach which, instead of scalarization, reduces the dimension of the multicriterion problem is proposed. This is called the partial weighting method and it can beinterpreted as a generalization of the traditional scalarization technique where the weighted sum of the criteria is used as the objective function. The first of these two approaches (norm method) is very flexible from a designer's point of view and it can be applied also in non-convex cases to the determination of the Pareto optimal set whereas the latter (partial weighting method) is especially suitable for problems where the number of criteria is large. Throughout the article several illustrative truss examples are presented to augment the scanty collection of multicriterion problems treated in the literature of optimum structural design.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240606
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An efficient quadrilateral element for plate bending analysis (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1123-1155 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A simple, shear flexible, quadrilateral plate element is developed based on the Hellinger/Reissner mixed variational principle with independently assumed displacement and stress fields. The crucial point of the selection of appropriate stress parameters is emphasized in the formulation. For this purpose, a set of guidelines is formulated based on the following considerations: (i) suppression of all kinematic deformation modes, (ii) the element has a favourable value for the constraint index in the thin plate limit, (iii) element properties are frame-invariant. For computer implementation the components of the element stiffness matrix are evaluated analytically using the symbolic manipulation package MACSYMA. The effectiveness and practical usefulness of the proposed element are demonstrated by the numerical results of a variety of problems involving thin and moderately thick plates under different loading and support conditions.
    Additional Material: 19 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240607
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of compatibility conditions on optimal design of flexural structures (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1173-1185 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: In most structural optimization problems the time-consuming implicit analysis must be repeated many times during the solution process. To alleviate this difficulty, the implicit analysis equations are often neglected or replaced by explicit approximations.Assuming the force method analysis formulation, optimal solutions of two problems are studied and compared:(a)The equilibrium linear programme (ELP), where only explicit equilibrium conditions are considered in the analysis model(b)The non-linear programme (NLP), where the implicit compatibility conditions are included to obtain a complete formulation.The effect of geometrical parameters on optimal solutions of both problems is investigated and geometries with particular properties are identified. The main observations that have been made are as follows:(a)Multiple optima of the ELP have been obtained for geometries where transitions in the set of active constraints at the ELP optimum occur. The NLP optimum for such a geometry might be included in the set of ELP optima.(b)Identical optimal solutions of the two problems have been found for geometries where transitions in the set of active constraints at the NLP optimum occur.The explicit ELP can be solved instead of the implicit NLP for the two classes of transition geometries.The relationships between optimal force distributions and objective function values for the two problems are studied and examples where compatibility conditions can be neglected are illustrated.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240609
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lanczos method for heat conduction analysis (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 251-262 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: An analysis technique that uses the Lanczos vectors to construct a Reyleigh-Ritz solution for the transient heat conduction problem is presented. The Lanczos vectors are derived from the heat supply vector and incorporate all the information peculiar to a given problem. They are orthonormal with respect to the heat capacitance matrix and are generated with a minimum of computational effort. Furthermore, an error bound is derived that can be used to terminate the Lanczos algorithm as soon as the number of vectors required to obtain a desired degree of accuracy has been generated. A summary of the algorithm is presented and the accuracy and efficiency of the method is illustrated using a numerical example.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240117
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
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    An enthalpy method for convection/diffusion phase change (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 271-284 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: An enthalpy formulation for convection/diffusion phase change is developed. The essential feature of this formulation is that latent heat effects are isolated in a source term. This formulation is applicable to a general convection/diffusion phase change, i.e. it is valid in the cases of evolution of latent heat either at an isothermal temperature or over a temperature range. Before implementation of the enthalpy formulation, a technique is required to ensure that velocities predicted to be in a solid region actually take the value zero. Three alternative schemes for achieving this are presented.The enthalpy formulation and velocity correction schemes are independent of the numerical technique. As an example of how the method can be implemented a control volume numerical discretization is chosen. This implementation is applied to two test problems: a solidification phase change in a cavity under conduction and the same phase change under conduction and natural convection. The natural convection problem is used to compare the performances of the various velocity correction schemes. The results of the problems are in good agreement with available analytical solutions and previous numerical solutions.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240119
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
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    An adaptive procedure for eigenvalue problems using the hierarchical finite element method (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 319-335 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: An adaptive procedure for the solution of the generalized linear eigenvalue problem within the hierarchical finite element method is described. The problem of finding for a given discretization, an upper limit eigenvalue that is accurate within a prescribed tolerance is especially studied. An error estimator is presented and a recomputational scheme for improved solutions is proposed. A numerical example is included.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240205
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Making curved interfaces straight in phase-change problems (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 375-392 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This paper presents a method for straightening curved interfaces arising in phase-change problems. The method works on isoparametric finite elements, performing a second transformation which maps the master element onto a new one in which the interface looks like a straight line. This allows using the current Gaussian integration technique for squares to evaluate the integrals over each phase. The method provides a better estimation of the contribution of latent heat effects to the residual vector, compared to those obtained by using the assumption that the interface is straight. Appropriate guidelines for solving the non-linear system of equations arising in this kind of problem are also given. Several numerical examples are presented to show the performance of the method.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240208
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Finite element solution of three-dimensional incompressible fluid flow problems by a preconditioned conjugate residual method (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 447-457 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A new algorithm for the solution of the three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equation using the mixed formulation and an incomplete factorization technique is presented. The linear system obtained at each modified Newton-Raphson iteration is solved by the preconditioned conjugate residual method (PCR) using an out-of-core incomplete LU factorization as preconditioning. This factorization is performed on a matrix stored by a new static storage method called the packed skyline method. The performance of the proposed algorithm is assessed for the wall-driven cubic cavity problem using the Q1+ -P1 enriched element.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240211
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Announcements (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 474-476 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240214
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
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    Mapped infinite elements in soil consolidation (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 513-527 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The problems of consolidation often involve unbounded continua. The most common solution is then achieved by limiting the studied area through the introduction, at finite distance, of a boundary on which adequate conditions on the field variables are imposed. In this paper mapped infinite elements are used to model the far-field solution. Spatial discretization is hence performed on the basis of both finite and infinite elements. In two examples, solutions involving finite and infinite elements are compared with known analytical solutions and it is shown that an excellent agreement can be achieved by the use of mapped infinite elements.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240304
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  • 19
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    An improved computational technique for perturbations of the generalized symmetric linear algebraic eigenvalue problem (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 529-541 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A technique is developed and presented which improves the accuracy of the predictions for the eigenvalues of the usual first order perturbation scheme for the generalized symmetric linear algebraic eigenvalue problem. The improved method very simply replaces the usual B-norms appearing in the denominator of the expressions for the first order changes in the eigenvalues by BP-norms where BP is the perturbed B matrix. With increasing sizes for the perturbations the improved technique produces results whose accuracy approaches those of the usual second order predictions. Numerical studies are presented to support the analysis.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240305
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  • 20
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    Adaptive refinement for least-squares finite elements with element-by-element conjugate gradient solution (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 569-580 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: An error analysis and an adaptive refinement scheme are developed for use with a class of least-squares finite element methods. The error indicators for the refinement procedure are based on element residuals which are calculated as part of the least-squares method. The solution scheme used in the supporting numerical studies employs an elment-by-element conjugate gradient algorithm. Consequently, storage and computation are not influenced by nodal numbering.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240308
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  • 21
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    Conference diary (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 2237-2238 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620241114
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  • 22
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    Announcement (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 2239-2239 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620241115
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  • 23
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    Boundary elements for three-dimensional elastic crack analysis (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 2253-2271 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: In this paper 8-node traction singular boundary elements are employed to represent displacement and traction variations in the vicinity of the crack front in three-dimensional geometries. The numerical procedure suggested for evaluating the singular integrals extending over these special elements is described. The efficiency and accuracy of the special elements and integration procedure are demonstrated by the results obtained in a simple test problem whose analytical solution is known. The interaction of two circular coplanar cracks embedded in an infinite medium under uniform tension loading is also analysed. Finally, the stress intensity factor variation computed for a semi-circular inner surface crack in a pressurized cylinder is presented.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620241203
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  • 24
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    Dynamics of the bilinear Mindlin plate element (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 2343-2356 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Plate and shell finite elements based upon Mindlin plate theory and evaluated by one-point quadrature are attractive because of their effectiveness for both thick and thin shells, at minimal computing cost. However, these elements are rank-deficient and must be stabilized to obtain reliable behaviour. Methods for achieving full rank of the stiffness and for stabilizing element behaviour in static analysis and in explicit dynamic calculations exist and are quite effective. This paper addresses the remaining issue of controlling spurious modes of response in vibration analysis and implicit dynamic solutions. Several alternatives for the element mass formulation are examined in detail. We show that non-physical dynamic modes present a potential problem with most mass matrix formulations, and that spurious modes other than the familiar hourglassing motion are possible. A combination of projection methods and reduced quadrature is suggested which eliminates these deficiencies and produces accurate numerical results. The remaining techniques investigated give rise to anomalous behaviour which make them unsuitable for general use.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620241208
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    An assumed covariant strain based 9-node shell element (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 2389-2411 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A new shell element, which is free from serious locking problems and which does not possess hourglass modes, is proposed. Solutions obtained with this element exhibit good convergence and are satisfactorily insensitive to mesh distortion. The element also exhibits good convergence for plates with variable thickness. This element is based on the use of assumed covariant strains which are obtained from the covariant strain field defined with respect to the element natural co-ordinate system. Only the linear version for thin shell cases is considered. The element performance is tested by application to several standard plate and shell problems. A problem involving variable thickness is also presented.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620241211
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  • 26
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    Practical stability analysis of finite difference equations by the matrix method (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 679-687 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: It is shown how the various norms of the coefficient matrix of a set of finite difference equations can, in many cases, be employed in an easy, straightforward fashion to find sufficient conditions for stability in situations involving non-periodic boundary conditions and variable coefficients. With the aid of the easily computed norms, particularly the infinite norm, one does not have to rely on the necessary condition provided by the spectral radius, which has been the main basis of criticism of the matrix method in the past.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240403
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    Stress oscillations in plane stress modelling of flexure - a field-consistency interpretation (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 711-724 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Exactly integrated isoparametric plane stress elements behave poorly in flexure. The 4-noded element ‘locks’, with errors that progress indefinitely as element aspect ratio increases. Reduced integration of the shear strain energy eliminates this locking entirely. The 8-noded element does not lock, but improves in performance with reduced integration of shear strain energy. Both elements, with their original shape functions, show severe shear stress oscillations in flexure. In this paper we attribute these oscillations to the lack of ‘consistency’ of shear strain fields derived directly from independent field-variable interpolations. We derive error models for specific tractable examples which can confirm the accuracy of this conceptual scheme through digital computation using the finite element models. A field-consistent redistribution strategy for the shear strain field is offered as an elegant procedure to free the elements of spurious oscillations and give a ‘lock’-free performance.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240405
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    A finite element model for column-supported shells of revolution (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1951-1971 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A finite element model suitable for the analysis of column-supported shells of revolution is presented. This model combines in a single analysis axisymmetric shell elements with nodal circles and column elements with nodal points. Thus, it takes advantage of the axisymmetry of the shell, while the non-axisymmetric nature of individual columns is fully accounted for. The compatibility between the two different types of elements is achieved through the use of a co-ordinate transformation. The accuracy of the solutions is demonstrated through numerical examples. When a shell of revolution supported on equispaced columns of the same stiffness is subjected to a harmonically varying load in the circumferential angle, it is found that the resulting displacements are associated with selective harmonic terms. An equation which precisely defines this coupling mechanism is also derived.
    Additional Material: 23 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620241010
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    Applied stress analysis, C.T.F. Ross, Ellis Horwood (Chichester), 1986. No. of pages: 322. Price £16.95/$30.75. ISBN: 74580 155 2 (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 2035-2035 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620241014
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    Isotropic plate elements with shear and normal strain deformations (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1671-1695 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Plate-bending finite elements are developed for thin and moderately thick plates. The element takes into account the influence of the transverse normal strain and the transverse shear effects. For the computation of the stresses, an additional plate element is developed to determine the inplane displacements and forces. The combined effects of the plate-bending and inplane elements are used for the complete solution of the problem. Several examples are solved and compared with their corresponding exact solutions.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240906
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    Elastic strain effects during steady-state rolling of visco-elastic slabs (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1659-1669 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The effect of elastic strains in the steady-state visco-elastic fluid flow under the rolling process is analysed quantitatively. Spurious oscillations in the stress deviator and pressure fields are precluded and the rate of convergence is improved when the Petrov-Galerkin method, which is based on a least-square method, is introduced into the finite element equation for the constitutive law.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240905
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    Direct computation of Cauchy principal value integrals in advanced boundary elements (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1711-1720 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This paper presents a new method for the direct computation of strongly singular integrals existing in the Cauchy principal value sense. It can be usefully applied in the solution by the direct boundary element method of many different problems. Initially, some considerations are provided in order to summarize the state-of-the-art on this issue. Then the features of the proposed method are reported. The procedure allows the direct calculation of Cauchy principal value integrals with first-order singularity and it is applicable even in advanced boundary element methods employing high-order elements. It requires only the use of standard Gaussian quadrature formulae plus the computation of a logarithmic term. Some examples show the effectiveness and efficiency of the procedure.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240908
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    Plotting of contours in a natural way (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1757-1769 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A simple and straightforward scheme for plotting contours is introduced. For any function the appropriate contours are traced on the paths of constant function values disclosing the information contained in the shape functions. The exactness of the contours matches that of the finite element analysis. Extreme value considerations must be carried out to decide whether contours appear in an element at all. Three co-ordinate systems are dealt with: the local, the global and the screen co-ordinate system, and the necessary mutual transformations. A short section deals with the treatment of contour discontinuities across element borders which frequently occur with stresses and heat fluxes. Finally, some examples are shown.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240911
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    A new partially bonded beam element for analysis of shear walls (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 2217-2236 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A finite element formulation for multi-panel shear walls based on a partially bonded beam system has been proposed. Idealization of a shear wall by a partially bonded multi-layered beam element reduces the storage and computer time considerably. The finite element model has been employed extensively for parametric study of prefabricated shear walls of different widths and heights. Different numbers of in-situ joints in the prefabricated shear wall assembly with varying shear stiffness of joints have also been considered. The parametric study gave an insight to the structural response of the wall system. Based on the non-linear shear stiffness characteristic of in-situ joints determined experimentally, the nonliner behaviour of a prefabricated shear wall has been determined and the failure load has been predicted.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620241113
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    Composite mappings for planar mesh generation (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 2241-2252 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A new algorithm is presented for automatically grading meshes generated over planar triangular and quadrilateral regions using parametric mappings. Rational parametric bicubic Bézier polynomials are coupled with an element density function to concentrate elements around regions of high solution gradients.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620241202
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    FEM-analysis of transverse vibrations of an axially moving membrane immersed in ideal fluid (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 2301-2313 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Transverse vibrations of an axially moving (travelling in its own plane) membrane submerged in ideal fluid are analysed using the FEM. The discrete equations differ from the equations of the common coupled problem in that there appear two additional inertia terms due to the convective acceleration. The effect of the density of the element mesh, the effect of the truncation distance and the effect of various lumping techniques on the accuracy of the results are studied. The FEM-results are compared with available analytical and experimental results. The agreement seems to be rather good.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620241205
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    Adaptive mesh redistribution for a boundary element (panel) method (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 2315-2325 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: In this paper, we extend the concept of a grading function, as introduced by Carey and Dinh2 in a one-dimensional context, to curved contours. We then apply the idea to adaptive grid redistribution for a boundary element method to solve a model boundary value problem. Numerical results are included for a potential problem to demonstrate the effect of the redistribution scheme on the solution and the geometry of the domain.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620241206
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    Second order sensitivity analysis of lumped mechanical systems in the frequency domain (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 2357-2366 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This paper presents a method for determining the second order sensitivity matrix and logarithmic sensitivity functions in the frequency domain. The procedure described is applicable to any discrete and viscously damped mechanical system.A definition of the second order logarithmic sensitivity function has been proposed. The examples shown indicate that logarithmic sensitivity functions of the second order preserve the qualitative character of first order sensitivity functions and are more sensitive to changes of system parameters. The influence of large parameter changes on second order sensitivity functions has also been investigated.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620241209
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    Computational method for integral equations, L. M. Delves and J. L. Mohamed, Cambridge University Press, 1985. Price: £35.00. ISBN 0 521 26629 7 (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 2036-2036 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620241015
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    Discrete Green functions for layered strata (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1645-1658 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A finite-element discretization of a layered stratum is considered. The response to a time-harmonic load at a single node is calculated. For all practical purposes, the result is obtained in closed form in the case of two dimensions (line load) while the Fast Fourier Transform is employed in the three-dimensional problem (point load).
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240904
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    Notes on the stability of non-rectangular space-time finite elements (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1721-1739 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The method of space-time finite elements enables the simple solution of quite new problems. It is possible to assume the arbitrary partition of the structure area in each moment of integration of the motion equation. Instability is caused by a too large time step and too great changes of joint locations in successive time steps. A changeable spatial partition is useful in contact dynamic problems, in the case of a travelling support, generally in problems with movable edges. In this paper a stability problem is described and some investigations for chosen types of non-rectangular space-time finite elements are carried out. Linear and surface elements which in time space gain an additional time dimension are presented. Some numerical examples prove the efficiency of the described method under determined limitations.
    Additional Material: 19 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240909
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    A new finite element concurrent computer program architecture (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1771-1792 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A new computer program architecture for the solution of finite elemet systems using concurrent processing is presented. The basic approach involves the automatic splitting of an arbitrary spatial domain. Processors are dynamically re-assigned during the several phases of an analysis. Direct and iterative solution strategies are considered. Computational algorithms for finite element dynamic analysis of large-scale structural problems that exploit concurrent features of MIMD computers are implemented in modules around the basic architecture. Also, problems with localized non-linearities are treated. A first implementation on a 32-processor hypercube achieves efficiency rates of up to 90 per cent.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240912
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    A new node renumbering algorithm for bandwidth reduction (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1823-1824 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240915
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    Dynamic response optimization using an active set RQP algorithm (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1827-1840 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A recently developed recursive quadratic programming (RQP) algorithm is applied to dynamic response design problems. The algorithm incorporates updated Hessians of the Lagrange function and uses an active set strategy in which only a subset of the constraints is included in the direction finding QP subproblem. Hessian updating with dynamic response constraints presents some difficulties. The primary difficulty is that the total number of constraints and the location of time points where they have to be imposed can change from iteration to iteration. This can cause inconsistencies in Hessian updating if proper numerical procedures are not used. A numerical procedure to handle the situation is developed, implemented and evaluated. Automatic restarting procedures are necessary for proper convergence of the algorithm. The new algorithm is robust as well as more efficient than the purely linear algorithm. The active set strategy plays an important role for application to dynamic response problems. The RQP algorithms that do not use such a strategy are not applicable to this class of problems.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620241002
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    The use and efficiency of the theorems of structural variation for finite element analysis (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1901-1920 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This paper describes how the theorems of structural variation may be used in finite element analysis. The efficiency of the theorems is examined and their application to structural and geotechnical problems illustrated.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620241007
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    An analysis of solidification problems by the boundary element method (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1879-1900 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The problem of interest in this paper is the calculation of the motion of the solid-liquid interface and the time-dependent temperature field during solidification of a pure metal. An iterative implicit algorithm has been developed for this purpose using the boundary element method (BEM) with time-dependent Green's functions and convolution integrals.The BEM approach requires discretization of only the surface of the solidifying body. Thus, the numerical method closely follows the physics of the problems and is intuitively very appealing.The formulation and the numerical scheme presented here are general and can be applied to a broad range of moving boundary problems. Emphasis is given to two-dimensional problems. Comparison with existing semi-analytical solutions and other numerical solutions from the literature reveals that the method is fast, accurate and without major time step limitations.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620241006
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    Navier-Stokes equations (theory and numerical analysis), 3rd edn, Roger Temam, North-Holland, 1984 (including an appendix by F. Thomasset) (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1226-1226 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240613
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    A numerical study of steady plane granular chute flows using the Jenkins-Savage model and its extension (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1993-2015 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The granular flow model proposed by Jenkins and Savage and extended by us is used here to construct numerical solutions of steady chute flows thought to be typical of granular flow behaviour.We present the governing differential equations and discuss the boundary conditions for two flow cases: (i) a fully fluidized layer of granules moving steadily under rapid shear and (ii) a fluidized bottom-near bed covered by a rigid slab of gravel in steady motion under its own weight. The boundary value problem is transformed into a dimensionless form and the emerging system of non-linear ordinary differential equations is numerically integrated. Singularities at the free surface and (in one case) also at an unknown point inside the solution interval make the problem unusual. Since the non-dimensionalization is performed with the maximum particle concentration and the maximum velocity, which are both unknown, these two parameters also enter the formulation of the problem through algebraic equations. The two-point boundary value problem is solved with the aid of the shooting method by satisfying the boundary conditions at the end of the soluton interval and these normalizing conditions by means of a minimization procedure. We outline the numerical scheme and report selective numerical results. The computations are the first performed with the exact equations of the Jenkins-Savage model; they permit delineation of the conditions of applicability of the model and thus prove to be a useful tool for the granular flow modeller.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620241012
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    Numeta 85 proceedings of the international conference on numerical methods in engineering: Theory and applications, Swansea, January, 1985, J. Middleton, G. N. Pande and A. A. Balkema (eds.), 1985, 2 vols (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1226-1226 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240615
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    Computational methods for partial differential equations, E. H. Twizell, Ellis Horwood, 1984, No. of pages: 377. Price: £27.50 (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1227-1227 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240616
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    Thermal design of electronic circuit boards and packages, D. J. Dean, Electrochemical Publications, 1985, 379 pp. £63.00 (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1227-1227 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240617
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    Announcement (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1232-1232 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240620
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    Masthead (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240701
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    Equilibrium considerations of the updated Lagrangian formulation of beam-columns with natural concepts (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 2119-2141 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Bathe and co-workers'1,2 updated Lagrangian formulation is reviewed for a two-dimensional beam-column element. From this review a physical interpretation and properties are derived for the matrices of the method. A variant of Argyris and co-workers'4,5 natural concept is introduced in the updated Lagrangian formulation, and a new method to derive element matrices arises. A detailed derivation of the matrices of the twodimensional beam-column element is presented to clarify further the UL formulations. Explicit expressions for these matrices, computed with the use of symbolic manipulation,17 are also presented to illustrate the concepts discussed. Finally, numerical results are shown to compare and evaluate different methods and matrices.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620241108
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    The method of lines and exponential fitting (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 557-567 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: When the method of lines is used for solving time-dependent partial differential equations, finite differences are commonly employed to obtain the semidiscrete equations. Usually, if the solution is expected to be smooth, symmetric difference formulae are chosen for approximating the spatial derivatives. These difference formulae are almost invariably based on Lagrange type differentiation formulae. However, if it is known in advance that periodic components of given frequency are dominating in the solution, more accurate difference formulae, based on exponentials with imaginary exponent, are available. This paper derives such formulae and presents numerical results which clearly indicate that the accuracy can be improved considerably by exploiting additional knowledge on the frequencies of the solution.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240307
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    BEM simulation of cathodic protection systems employed in infinite electrolytes (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 605-620 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This paper describes the proper external potential formulation of a cathodic protection system employed for corrosion prevention of structures in infinite electrolytes. The boundary condition associated with the mathematical formulation is not of the standard type encountered in hydrodynamic, electrostatic or heat transfer applications. The developed mathematical model is discretized by the boundary element technique, which is then solved iteratively by the Newton-Raphson method.
    Additional Material: 20 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240310
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    Transient analysis of three-dimensional wave propagation using the boundary element method (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 621-634 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: In the past the time domain solution of the wave equation has been limited to simplified problems. This was due to the limitations of analytical methods and the capacity of computers to manipulate and store ‘large’ blocks of spatial information. With the advent of ‘super computers’ the ability to solve such problems has significantly increased. This paper outlines a method for transient analysis of wave propagation in arbitrary domains using a boundary element method. The technique presented will allow the definition of a domain, the input of impedance conditions on the domain's surface, the specification of inputs on the surface, and the specification of initial conditions within the domain. It will produce a complete solution of the wave equation inside the domain. The techniques are demonstrated using a program with a boundary element formulation of Kirchhoff's equation. The elements used are triangular and compatible.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240311
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    Conference diary (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 659-661 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240315
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    Masthead (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240401
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    Semiconductor device modelling from the numerical point of view (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 763-838 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: In this paper mathematical and computational aspects of device modelling are treated. Four main subjects are discussed; the analytical model, the discretizations, the non-linear and the linear systems of equations. On the one hand the most commonly used numerical techniques are described; on the other hand several new techniques are presented. Noteworthy new techniques are the generalized upwind box scheme and the mixed variable approach. Aspects such as the choice of variables and the singularly perturbed nature of the problem are treated. Properties of the matrices involved are presented in a systematic way. Throughout the paper a standard one-dimensional diode is used to illustrate the concepts involved. Finally several realistic two-dimensional examples are given.
    Additional Material: 40 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240408
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    Trefftz method: Fitting boundary conditions (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 871-891 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The paper presents various ways of fitting the boundary conditions in the T-complete functions method. The authors point out the distinct advantages of the orthogonal collocation in comparison to the equidistant collocation and the integral fit. The convergence of the Collatz error measures and the conditioning of the solution matrices are investigated in detail.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240504
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    Substepping schemes for the numerical integration of elastoplastic stress-strain relations (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 893-911 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This paper describes two substepping schemes for integrating elastoplastic stress-strain relations. The schemes are designed for use in finite element plasticity calculations and solve for the stress increments assuming that the strain increments are known. Both methods are applicable to a general type of constitutive law and control the error in the integration process by adjusting the size of each substep automatically. The first method is based on the well-known modified Euler scheme, whereas the second technique employs a high order Runge-Kutta formula. The procedures outlined do not require any form of stress correction to prevent drift from the yield surface. Their utility is illustrated by analysis of typical boundary value problems.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240505
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    The uniqueness characteristics of mixed finite element methods in linear elasticity (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 927-944 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Having established the non-uniqueness, in general, of quadratic-linear functionals in elasticity, the investigative work on this topic is reviewed, whence it is noted that there is no existing formal approach for the identification of either the causes of singular solutions or suitable remedial measures that might ensure their elimination. A comparison of the weighted averages obtained from the single field and Reissner's principles is then used to identify a higher order uniqueness criterion for the latter. A detailed consideration of the application of the new condition to the arch equations demonstrates how and why singular solutions can be obtained, and thence how suitable forms of remedial action can often be identified. Finally, several other classes of problem are briefly investigated in order to show how the criterion can be used to explain the full range of known behaviour of the mixed methods.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240507
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    Numerical simulation of electrodeposition problems (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1479-1497 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The mathematical modelling of the electrodeposition phenomenon leads to a linear elliptic partial differential equation subject to non-linear mixed boundary contitions. This is complicated further by the fact that the domain under consideration is evolving with time.Owing to the nature of the mathematical model, the boundary element method is a very efficient numerical technique for the solution of such problems. The authors report their numerical simulation of the above problem which also has applications in the cathodic protection systems for corrosion prevention.
    Additional Material: 19 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240806
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    An integral equation method for the solution of 3-dimensional, non-linear, magnetostatic problems (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1551-1562 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A finite element method for computing the resultant magnetic field arising from a given source field in the presence of a magnetic material of variable permeability is described; in this method finite element approximations to the scalar potential of the resulting field and the magnetic susceptibility, in the region occupied by the magnetic material, are determined from the non-linear integral equation for the scalar potential and the constitutive susceptibility relation, using a collocation scheme.The method is used to compute the shielding effect of a thin rectangular plate of variable permeability on a given source field. The plate is subdivided uniformly into brick elements; the resulting translational invariance of the integrals required in the calculations is exploited to achieve major computational savings.A consequence of the thinness of the plate is that the calculation of the requisite integrals by analytic methods leads to considerable loss of accuracy by differencing; this difficulty is overcome by using a scheme which combines both analytic and quadrature techniques.The resulting system of non-linear algebraic equations is solved by Powell's hybrid method; an efficient scheme for calculating an initial approximation to the Jacobian, which utilizes the structure of the equations, is presented.The results of the calculations are discussed.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240811
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    Effective hybrid hierarchical element generator for vibration analysis of plates (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1615-1628 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Cost effective high precision hybrid elements are presented in a hierarchical form for vibration analysis of plates. The elements are constructed by introducing computer installed hierarchical element generator algorithms which take advantage of the exact analytical treatment of the energy integrals automatically. Additional benefits accrue from: (i) the careful selection of assumed stresses and displacements satisfying finite element requirements, and maintaining the correct stiffness rank and invariance; (ii) the ability to reduce computational costs associated with various operations and the independence with respect to element geometries, which serve to build up a methodology to handle the generation of finite elements in any general purpose finite element system efficiently. Extensive numerical studies are made to predict the natural frequencies and harmonic response of plates with different boundary conditions. Accuracy of the solutions is assessed by comparison with the well established results. The noteworthy aspects of the applications are that the proposed elements are faster than those cited previously, and show a more favourable comparison to the analytical solutions for a wider range of vibration modes by maintaining rapid convergence characteristics.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240902
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    Finite elements in CFD: What lies ahead (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1741-1756 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The current state of the art of Finite Element Methods in Computational Fluid Dynamics is reviewed. The aim of this review is to point out what appear currently as the main shortcomings of Finite Element Methods, so as to concentrate the efforts to remove them. The analysis of flows using Finite Elements will only be successful if all steps involved in it are optimized. Therefore, I deem it necessary to describe explicit and implicit flow solvers, unstructured multigrid methods, adaptive refinement schemes, grid generation and graphics in 3-D, the effective use of supercomputer hardware and memory, as well as the combination of structured and unstructured grids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240910
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    A theorem regarding the locking of tapered four-noded membrane elements (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1793-1799 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: It is shown that any four-noded membrane element with two degrees of freedom per node will either lock in inplane bending or fail to pass a C0 patch test when the element's shape is an isosceles trapezoid. This result effectively closes out further effort to extend the linear strain capability of such elements beyond what has already been achieved for rectangular and parallelogram shapes.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240913
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    Calculation of fracture mechanics parameters for an arbitrary three-dimensional crack, by the ‘equivalent domain integral’ method (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1801-1821 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: In this paper, an equivalent domain integral (EDI) method and the attendant numerical algorithms are presented for the computation of a near-crack-tip field parameter, the vector J∊-integral, and its variation along the front of an arbitrary three-dimensional crack in a structural component. Account is taken of possible non-elastic strains present in the structure; in this case the near-tip J∊-values may be significantly different from the far-field values Jf, especially under non-proportional loading.
    Additional Material: 21 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240914
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    Masthead (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620241001
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    Computer algorithms for calculating efficient initial vectors for subspace iteration method (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1841-1848 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: In this paper, the effects of selecting initial vectors on computation efficiency for a subspace iteration method are investigated. Four algorithms are used for selecting the initial vectors. First, arbitrary starting iteration vectors are chosen according to Bathe and Wilson's algorithm.1 In the other algorithms, the initial vectors are the retrieved eigenvectors from the Guyan and quadratic reduction methods. Improvement of the eigenvalue approximations of the subspace iteration method over reduction methods is presented. The computation effort is examined for the various algorithms used for initial iteration vectors.
    Additional Material: 8 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620241003
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    Interactive solution to multiobjective optimization problems (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1865-1877 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Sensitivity analysis is presented as a natural addition to interactive multiobjective optimization methods based on compromise programming. It is shown that useful information regarding trade-offs in the objectives can be generated effectively by means of an analysis of the sensitivity of solutions to variations in preference structures. An implementation based on sequential quadrative programming is provided and examples are given for illustration.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620241005
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    Masthead (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240101
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    Announcements (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 662-662 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240316
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    A hybrid model for prismatic solids (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 663-677 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A finite prism approach for the approximate analysis of three-dimensional solids is proposed. The approach is based on a semi-algebraic assumed stress hybrid model, according to Pian's scheme. Prismatic solids with various end conditions can be analysed with a traditional matrix-displacement procedure, thus enlarging the possibilities offered by analogous compatible models.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240402
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    A finite-element-alternating technique for evaluating mixed mode stress intensity factors for part-elliptical surface flaws (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 689-709 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: An alternating method, in conjunction with the finite element method and an analytical solution for an elliptical flaw in an infinite solid, is used to determine the mixed mode stress intensity factors for surface flaws. This finite element alternating method leads to an inexpensive procedure for routine evaluation of accurate stress intensity factors in complex structural components containing surface flaws and subject to mixed-mode loading. A variety of numerical examples is presented.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240404
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    Generalized geometric programming with many equality constraints (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 725-741 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A monomial treatment for solving mixed equality/inequality constrained generalized geometric programs is presented. The method is shown to be equivalent to a Newton-Raphson procedure carried out in log space on the equality constraints at the same time that a cutting plane procedure is performed on a convex region constrained within the feasible region of the inequality constraints. Known limitations of this monomial treatment are outlined and a technique for improving the efficiency of the GGP method is suggested. A discussion of how other methods of solving mixed equality/inequality constrained GGP problems compare to the monomial treatment is presented and two example problems are solved.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240406
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    The dynamic analysis of a flat plate under a moving load by the finite element method (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 743-762 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The object of this paper is to analyse by the finite element method the dynamic responses of a flat plate subjected to various moving loads. First of all the actual continuous flat plate was replaced by a discrete system composed of isoparametric rectangular plate elements. And then the elementary and overall stiffness and mass matrices were determined and the natural frequencies and mode shapes of the flat plate were solved. Next, the Newmark direct integration method was used to find the dynamic responses of the flat plate.The effects of eccentricity, acceleration and initial velocity of the moving load, and the effect of span length were the key points of study. The dynamic behaviour of a multi-span flat plate supported by the beam members of rigid plane frames and subjected to the action of a series of moving loads (in identical or opposite directions) were also investigated.
    Additional Material: 19 Ill.
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    Conference diary (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 840-842 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240410
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    Numerical tests for assessing finite element model convergence (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 843-857 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: New requirements for finite element model convergence are defined. It is shown that the presence of constant strain states in an element is not sufficient to guarantee convergence.Numerical tests are proposed to assess convergence, direction of convergence, monotonicity of convergence, convergence rate and monotonicity of convergence rate. The proposed tests are mathematically stronger and more general than existing tests.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240502
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    Mixing and solidification of a turbulent liquid jet in a co-flowing stream (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 231-249 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A mathematical model has been developed to quantify the effects of process conditions during turbulent solidification and mixing of a liquid metal jet in a confined co-flowing molten metal stream.The modelling has been split into three parts. First, a single phase model with no latent heat effects to consider the solidification potential. Secondly, a two phase model where the second phase is comprised of solid particles which solidify during mixing of the two streams. Thirdly, a two phase model where the second phase consists of the inner jet, which is assumed to break up into droplets of given size, and solid particles are allowed to form by solidification within the droplets.The results show that the thermal history (solidification path) of the solid phase formed is affected by latent heat and particle size, which implies that solidification, nucleation and jet fragmentation events should be included dynamically to ensure realistic predictions.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240116
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  • 82
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    Conference diary (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 285-287 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240120
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  • 83
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    Masthead (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240201
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  • 84
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    A global mapping method for improving the performance of quadratic elements (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 301-317 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A simple method is proposed in this paper for improving the performance (accuracy and convergence) of quadratic elements. In this the physical domain of the problem, as well as the constitutive relationships, are transformed globally by implementing a suitable co-ordinate transformation, and the problem is then solved in the mapped (transformed) domain using finite elements of the mapped space following the processes of the conventional FEM.Results show that the method significantly improves the performance of quadratic elements in both two and three dimensions. The mathematical implications of mapping in this way indicate that the method can also be applied for improved performance to higher-order elements if required.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240204
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  • 85
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    The method of moving asymptotes - a new method for structural optimization (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 359-373 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A new method for non-linear programming in general and structural optimization in particular is presented. In each step of the iterative process, a strictly convex approximating subproblem is generated and solved. The generation of these subproblems is controlled by so called ‘moving asymptotes’, which may both stabilize and speed up the convergence of the general process.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240207
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  • 86
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    Evaluating eigenvalues for boundary value problems of heat conduction in rectangular and cylindrical co-ordinate systems (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 419-445 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A method of evaluating eigenvalues for any combination of the first, second and third boundary conditions of heat conduction in a plate, a solid cylinder or a hollow cylinder is described. Some general relationships between eigenvalues are derived. Based on these relationships a universal algorithm is developed. A list of a package of computer subroutines is included.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240210
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  • 87
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    One-dimensional calculations of two-phase mixing flows (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 459-469 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A new algothm for the solution of two-phase fluid flow problems is presented. The algorithm consisently ensures that the evolved volume fractions are all positive and sum to unity, even in the presence of large spatial and temporal gradients of volume fraction. The momentum equations are then solved using an iterative pressure correction method. Example calculations for buoyancy driven flows, with and without phase changes, are presented.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240212
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  • 88
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    A finite element solution method for contact problems with friction (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 477-495 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A new finite element solution method for the analysis of frictional contact problems is presented. The contact problem is solved by imposing geometric constraints on the pseudo equilibrium configuration, defined as a configuration at which the compatibility conditions are violated. The algorithm does not require any a priori knowledge of the pairs of contactor nodes or segments. The contact condition of sticking, slipping, rolling or tension release is determined from the relative magnitudes of the normal and tangential global nodal forces. Contact iterations are in general found to converge within one or two iterations. The analysis method is applied to selected problems to illustrate the applicability of the solution procedure.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240302
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  • 89
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    LU decomposition of matrices with augmented dense constraints (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1451-1459 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Sparse matrices composed of a central band and augmented dense rows and columns are becoming prevalent in the numerical solution of a large class of boundary and initial-value problems. A Fortran Subroutine ARROW is presented for the LU decomposition and solution of linear equation systems with such a structure. The computational speed of the program is compared in MFLOPS (millions of floating point operations per second) to the LINPACK benchmark for the solution of a dense linear system and is found to be of comparable speed on both supercomputers and minicomputers. Use of the Basic Linear Algebra Subroutines (BLAS) available on most machines significantly enhances the speed of ARROW.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240804
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  • 90
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    A turbulence model for buoyant and combusting flowsThis paper sets out and develops some of the ideas conveyed in a lecture delivered at the 4th International Conference on Numerical Methods in Thermal Problems: Swansea, 15-18 July 1984. The slide panels used in the lecture, which give a more precise idea of what was actually-said, are contained in IC CFDU Report No CFD/85/10, 1985. (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1-23 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: It is argued that ‘sifting’ phenomena, in which fragments of fluid subjected to larger body forces move through those subjected to smaller body forces, are prevalent in turbulent flows, and that they can be simulated by means of mathematical methods which have been developed for two-phase flows.A connection with Prandtl's mixing-length theory is established; and it is deduced from the success of that theory for shear flows that there must exist a source term in the normal-to-wall-velocity equations which is proportional to the gradient of along-the-wall velocity. This term is then included in the two-fluid-model equations.Solutions of the equations are presented for a turbulent Couette flow in which the heating of one of the walls and the presence of a gravitational field can cause ‘sifting’ phenomena to become dominant. The friction and heat-transfer coefficients, and the profiles of velocity and temperature, are computed and discussed, for flows both with and without buoyancy influences.
    Additional Material: 6 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240102
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  • 91
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    Experiences in non-linear analysis of temperature fields with finite elements (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 59-73 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This paper describes practical experiences in dealing with non-linearities in temperature field calculations. First the use of the load vector for representing the heat radiation on the outer surfaces is reported. However, if there are also additional non-linearities in the conductance matrix, then it may happen that because of possible counteractions of the non-linearities no convergence is achieved, at least with the direct iteration. Therefore it is more appropriate to put the radiation terms into the conductance matrix where the other non-linearities, such as temperature dependent thermal conductivity and natural convection also appear. It is shown how the Newton-Raphson iteration can be applied in an easy way. In the case of temperature dependent heat sources the load vector also needs to be considered. The appropriate special measures are described.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240105
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  • 92
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    An unstructured multigrid method for elliptic problems (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 101-115 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A multigrid algorithm for implementation on unstructured meshes is proposed. The algorithm uses a sequence of unnested grids and requires the development of efficient inter-grid interpolation procedures. It is demonstrated how elliptic problems can be solved in this fashion by using Jacobi smoothers.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240108
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  • 93
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    The effect of explosion venting in empty vessels (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 129-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations, suitably amplified to include the effects of chemical reactions and turbulence, are discretized by employing a finite-volume technique. A weighted upwind/central differencing scheme, the weight depending on the grid Peclet number, is used for the convection terms. Velocities are calculated on staggered grids. The source terms are treated in a quasi-implicit manner by combining linearization of these terms with an ICE procedure providing a time-advanced pressure. The effect of turbulence is included through the eddy-viscosity concept by solving equations for turbulent kinetic energy and its rate of decay. Combustion is modelled by an equation for mass fraction of fuel containing a fuel consumption term based on mixing-limited combustion.The resulting code, called FLACS-ICE, is employed in simulating the influence of confinement on flame acceleration in premixed, stoichiometric propane-air mixtures. Calculations are performed for large (425m3), medium (35m3) and small scale (0·0036m3) vessels. Satisfactory agreement with experimental data, published by Solberg1 is obtained. Some limitations of the code are also pointed out.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240110
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  • 94
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    Pulverized coal conversion in downflow gasifier (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 203-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The behaviour of coal particles undergoing pyrolysis in a downflow reactor is modelled in two dimensions using integral approximation. The governing equations are solved numerically by marching procedures using Adams-Moulton and Romberg integration methods. The conversion of coal particles is studied in terms of chemical kinetics, hydrodynamic flow of volatiles and the heat transfer mechanism at the interface. The conversion increases with decreasing velocity, solid loading, particle diameter and total pressure. Owing to large amounts of gas production, the influence of pyrolysis on the gas-particle heat transfer and drag coefficients becomes important at large particle diameters. For particle diameters less than 100 μm, such influence is minimal.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240114
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  • 95
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    Heat transfer in solid state laser systems: Applications of dynamic ADI methods (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 177-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This article describes numerical modelling of heat transfer and thermoelasticity effects that are significant in thermo-optical designs of solid state slab lasers capable of high average output power. The heat equation and equations of thermoelasticity are solved simultaneously to evaluate thermal stresses and microscopic deformations in isotropic and anisotropic laser host media. An efficient dynamic alternating-direction implicit method has been developed and applied in this work to solve the steady state heat transfer and stress potential equations in two dimensions. Numerical results are presented for some problems that arise in baseline designs of experimental slab laser systems.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240113
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  • 96
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    An adaptive boundary element method (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1187-1202 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This paper explores the concept of moving singularities in the boundary element analysis. The singularities are placed on an auxiliary boundary which is located outside the domain of the problem and are allowed to move as part of the solution process. This results in a highly adaptive but non-linear method. Examples involving the two- and three-dimensional Laplace's equations are solved. Excellent agreement with exact solutions is obtained using a minimal number of singularities. Also, the trajectories of the singularity motion are plotted. The behaviour seen here is that, as the solution approaches convergence, the singularities exhibit a general trend of moving away from the domain of the problem.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240610
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  • 97
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    Announcement (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. i 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240202
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  • 98
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    Conference diary (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1229-1231 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240619
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    Accuracy estimates and adaptive refinements in finite element computations, I. Babuška, O. C. Zienkiewicz, J. Gago, E. R. deA. Oliviera (eds.), Wiley, Chichester, 1986. No. of pages: 408. Price: £49.50/$87.15. ISBN 0-471 908622 (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1228-1228 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240618
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  • 100
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    Numerical experiments on turbulent flow using the random vortex method (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1297-1303 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Chorin's random vortex method is used to predict the growth of a large-scale coherent vortex structure in the early stages of the development of turbulence in a two-dimensional co-flowing shear layer. The numerical algorithm has been simplified to such an extent that the numerical analysis can be performed on a microcomputer. The numerical solution exhibits the same early turbulent instabilities and vorticity pairings as found in recent flow-visualization experiments. In addition the results are in reasonable agreement with experimental measurements of mean velocity, root mean square fluctuations and Reynolds stresses. One could thus test the shear layer sensitivity to initial conditions and the upsteam boundary conditions.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240706
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