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  • 2010-2014
  • 1980-1984  (32)
  • 1955-1959  (10)
  • 1945-1949
  • 1890-1899
  • Agrobacterium
  • Brassica napus
  • gene expression
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Maternal effect and embryonic gene expression for lactate dehydrogenase B (LDH-B), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), and peptidase (PEP-1) during the development of Pleurodeles waltl (urodele amphibian) (1984)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 22 (1984), S. 1177-1184 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: amphibian development ; allelic isozyme variants ; gene expression ; maternal effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The polymorphism of three enzymes [lactate dehydrogenase B (LDH-B), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, (G6PDH), and peptidase-1 (PEP-1)] in Pleurodeles waltl has allowed the expression of the corresponding loci to be followed during the development of spawnings arising from various crosses. A maternal effect lasting up to the late tail-bud stage (approx. stage 28) was shown for PEP-1. A similar situation was observed for LDH-B and G6PDH. The embryonic alleles present retarded expression: from about stage 28 for PEP-1 and G6PDH and from about stages 22 to 24 (the young tail-bud stage) for LDH-B.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00499641
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biosynthesis of cat hemoglobins: Translation of poly(A)-RNA from animals of various HbA/HbB phenotypes (1984)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 22 (1984), S. 901-911 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: cat hemoglobins ; cell-free translation ; polymorphism ; gene expression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The molecular basis for the genetic control of variable proportions of the two hemoglobins in domestic cat blood was investigated. Both major hemoglobins of cat blood, HbA (α2β 2 A ) and HbB (α2β 2 B ), were synthesized in an mRNA-dependent rabbit reticulocyte system using poly(A)-RNA from cat reticulocyte polysomes as the source of the message. The relative amounts of HbA and HbB synthesized in the system were a function of the HbA/HbB phenotype of the cat from which the reticulocytes and poly(A)-RNA were obtained. Higher ratios of HbA/HbB synthesis were found when the source of poly(A)-RNA was the polysomes from a 90/10 (HbA/HbB) phenotype than when it was from a 50/50 (HbA/HbB) phenotype. These results indicate that the variable proportions of HbA and HbB found in the blood of different members of the cat population result from the genetic control of the relative amounts of functional βA and βB mRNA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00499481
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interspecific transfer of Brassica juncea-type high blackleg resistance to Brassica napus (1984)
    Springer
    Euphytica 33 (1984), S. 295-303 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Brassica napus ; rapeseed ; Brassica juncea ; Leptosphaeria maculans ; blackleg resistance ; interspecific cross ; gene transfer ; polygenic resistance ; seedling and adult resistance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Complete resistance to Leptosphaeria maculans, the cause of blackleg of oilseed rape (Brassica napus), was transferred from B. juncea to B. napus through an interspecific cross. B. juncea-type complete resistance (JR) was recognized first in one F3 progeny (OnapJR) by the absence of leaf-lesions on seedlings and canker-free adult plants. The commercially important characters of B. napus were retained in advanced lines of OnapJR, which combined JR with low erucic acid levels (〈0.5%), high seed yield and variable maturity dates. JR appeared to be inherited as a major gene or genes. Segregation for resistance and susceptibility contintied to occur during later generations of selection of OnapJR. JR was readily transferred from OnapJR to other suitable B. napus cultivars or lines with partial resistance to blackleg and resulted in highly vigorous carly generation selections adapted to cold, wet situations along with complete resistance to blackleg.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00021125
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationships between seed yield and growth characters, yield components, seed quality of summer-type oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) (1984)
    Springer
    Euphytica 33 (1984), S. 885-889 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Brassica napus ; oilseed rape ; yield components ; growth characters
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Five genotypes of rapeseed were observed in the field on a single plant and plot basis to evaluate growth characteristics, yield, yield components and seed quality. Observations were made in two years at two locations on three seeding date and three seeding rate treatments. Correlation of seed yield with growth characters demonstrated no consistent trend, indicating that an early maturity and high seed yield should be possible. Harvest index was strongly correlated with seed yield. Percent seed oil and protein were not directly related to seed yield.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00021916
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of temperature variation over the root system on root extension and phosphate uptake by rape (1984)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 78 (1984), S. 283-293 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Brassica napus ; Growth models ; Phosphate uptake ; Root growth ; Temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Rape (Brassica napus) plants with either split or entire root systems were grown in a nutrient film system, with the shoots at a constant 25°C and the roots at a range of temperatures between 5° and 23°C. Provided part of the root system was warm, shoot growth was not affected by cooling the rest of the roots. The rate of growth of individual roots was increased with the temperature to which they were exposed. Inflow of phosphate was independent of temperature within the range 23°C–10°C but was halved at 5°C. Both the root extension rate and the phosphate inflow were unaffected by the temperature of the rest of the root system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02450362
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Light regulation of photosynthetic membrane structure, organization, and function (1984)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 24 (1984), S. 271-285 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: photosystem development ; chloroplast structure ; chloroplast function ; photosynthetic unit ; gene expression ; regulation ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: The light environment during plant growth determines the structural and functional properties of higher plant chloroplasts, thus revealing a dynamically regulated developmental system. Pisum sativum plants growing under intermittent illumination showed chloroplasts with fully functional photosystem (PS) II and PSI reaction centers that lacked the peripheral chlorophyll (Chi) a/b and Chl a light-harvesting complexes (LHC), respectively. The results suggest a light flux differential threshold regulation in the biosynthesis of the photosystem core and peripheral antenna complexes. Sun-adapted species and plants growing under far-red-depleted illumination showed grana stacks composed of few (3-5) thylakoids connected with long intergrana (stroma) thylakoids. They had a PSII/PSI reaction center ratio in the range 1.3-1.9. Shade-adapted species and plants growing under far-red-enrichcd illumination showed large grana stacks composed of several thylakoids, often extending across the entire chloroplast body, and short intergrana stroma thylakoids. They had a higher PSII/PSI reaction center ratio, in the range of 2.2-4.0. Thus, the relative extent of grana and stroma thylakoid formation corresponds with the relative amounts of PSII and PSI in the chloroplast, respectively. The structural and functional adaptation of the photosynthetic membrane system in response to the quality of illumination involves mainly a control on the rate of PSII and PSI complex biosynthesis.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240240308
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Concepts of epithelial-mesenchymal interactions during development: Tooth and lung organogenesis (1984)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 26 (1984), S. 117-125 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: gene expression ; amelogenins ; cDNA ; type II cells ; pulmonary surfactant ; ameloblasts ; epithelial differentiation ; regional mesenchymal specificity ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: One of the major problems in developmental biology concerns how differential gene activity is regionally controlled. One approach to this problem is the use of mesenchyme specification of epithelial-specific gene expression, such as, during tooth morphogenesis or lung morphogenesis. In the example of tooth morphogenesis, dental papilla ectomcsenchyme induces de novo gene expression as assayed by detection of amelogenin transcripts, or immunodetection of amelogenin poly-peptidcs within ameloblast cells. This process does not require serum supplementation or exogenous factors during epithelial-mesenchymal interactions in vitro. In contrast, lung morphogenesis requires hormones to mediate mesenchyme-derived influences upon type II epithelial cell differentiation and the production of pulmonary surfactant (eg, neutral and phospholipids, surfactant proteins). Glucocorticoids are required to stimulate the release of fetal pneumonocyte factor (FPF) from fibroblasts which, in turn, enhance the production of pulmonary surfactant. Thy-roxin appears to regulate the relative responsiveness of progenitor type II cells to steroid-stimulated release of FPF. This review will highlight key concepts associated with these developing organ systems and emphasize the problem of regional controls which regulate epithelial cell-specific gene activity.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240260207
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gene expression during gonadal differentiation in the rat: A two-dimensional gel electrophoresis investigation (1984)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 5 (1984), S. 27-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: gonad differentiation ; gene expression ; two-dimensional micro gel electrophoresis ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Gonadal protein patterns were studied during development in the rat by two-dimensional micro-gel electrophoresis. Specific proteins were detected in both the male and the female sex at the morphologically indifferent state (two female- and one male-specific) and during differentiation. At the onset of gonadal differentiation (day 14) two additional sex-specific proteins were discovered in the male and two in the female. These proteins remained expressed during further development. One testicular protein was restricted to the cytosol of the tunica albuginea. The other one was absent from the tunica. In the female gonad, the two proteins were membrane-specific, one present in germ cells, the other in somatic cells. In the testis, one additional protein was discovered at postnatal day 1. Thus according to biochemical criteria there is no indifferent state of gonadal development. The testis and ovary express sex-specific genes both before and after the onset of gonadal differentiation.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020050103
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hidden breaks in ribosomal RNA of phylogenetically tetraploid fish and their possible role in the diploidization process (1983)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 21 (1983), S. 819-841 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: evolution ; polyploidy ; ribosomal RNA ; protein synthesis ; gene expression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Hidden breaks occur in the ribosomal RNA of tetraploid Cyprinid fish such that the large ribosomal RNA (28 S) yields upon denaturation two RNA fragments of 8.7×105 and 5.0×105 daltons, whereas the small rRNA (18 S) yields fragments of 3.2×105 to 5.0×104 daltons. In tetraploid Cyprinids hidden breaks occur only in the rRNA of somatic tissue and not in oocytes and sperm cells. Hidden breaks can be detected only slightly in diploid Cyprinid species. Ribosomes purified from somatic tissue of tetraploid Cyprinids show a reduced efficiency in protein synthesis in vitro. The ribosomal proteins from diploid and tetraploid Cyprinid fish show considerable electrophoretic differences. This is discussed in light of a possible functional role of hidden breaks in rRNA in the process of diploidization of gene expression in tetraploid Cyprinid species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00498929
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of the large subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase in anin vitro partially definedE. coli system (1983)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 2 (1983), S. 279-290 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: spinach chloroplast DNA ; gene expression ; initiation of transcription
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Thein vitro DNA- or RNA-directed synthesis of the large subunit (LS) of spinach chloroplast ribulose-1,5-biphosphate carboxylase (RuP2C) has been examined in a highly definedE. coli transcription-translation system. Spinach chloroplast DNA, RNA and recombinant plasmids containing the spinach chloroplast LS gene (rbcL) have been used as templates in thein vitro system and a quantitative assay has been developed to measure LS formation. Thein vitro formed product contains formylmethionine at the N-terminal position and sediments primarily as a monomer. There is no detectable enzymatic activity associated with thein vitro product. To determine where theE. coli RNA polymerase used in these systems initiates, we have examined the transcripts produced by this enzymein vitro. Measurements of run-off transcripts indicate thatE. coli RNA polymerase initiates at the same position on the gene as is seenin vivo. In addition, the complete nucleotide sequence of therbcL gene including previously unsequenced 3′ and 5′ flanking regions has been determined. The sequence agrees, except at two nucleotide positions, with previously published sequencing data for this gene (Zurawski, G, Perrot, B, Bottomley, W, Whitfeld, PR, 1981. Nucleic Acids Res. 9:3251–3270).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01578646
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on the use of toxic precursor analogs of opines to select transformed plant cells (1983)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 66 (1983), S. 233-239 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Selection ; Amino acid analogs ; Opines ; Lysopine dehydrogenase ; Crown gall ; Agrobacterium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary S-(2-aminoethyl-)L-cysteine and L-canavanine were less toxic for octopine-type crown gall tissues that contained lysopine dehydrogenase than for other crown gall or habituated tissues. These analogs are substrates for lysopine dehydrogenase in vitro and in vivo. Thus toxic analogs of amino acid precursors of opines may be useful in selecting for cells that contain an opine dehydrogenase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00251151
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two dimensional analysis of chloroplast proteins from normal and cytoplasmic male sterile Brassica napus (1983)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 64 (1983), S. 249-253 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: 2 D electrophoresis ; Thylakoid proteins ; Coupling factor ; ATPase ; Brassica napus ; Male sterility
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Stromal and thylakoid proteins isolated from normal (N) and cytoplasmic male sterile (cms) lines of Brassica napus have been compared using a two dimensional gel separation. It has been shown that: 1) stromal compartments of the two lines were very similar; 2) although there was extensive homology between protein maps of thylakoids isolated from the two lines, these could be distinguished by the spots corresponding to the β subunits of the coupling factor CF1 from the ATPase complex.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00303772
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nucleolus-associated bodies (karyosomes) in dividing and differentiating plant cells (1983)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 115 (1983), S. 1-10 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Brassica napus ; Nucleolus ; Pisum sativum ; Ultrastructure ; Zea mays
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The karyosome is a spherical body up to 1 μm in diameter that lies on the nucleolus of certain plant species, particularly those with a relatively low nuclear DNA content and an areticulate nuclear structure. It can be seen in the light microscope after impregnation with silver; in the electron microscope its structure consists of fibrillo-granular material. Nucleoli of cells in root apices may bear 0, 1, or 2 karyosomes. The frequency with which these numbers of karyosomes are observed depends on the location of the cells within the apex. In roots ofPisum sativum andZea mays the nucleoli of both slowly-dividing and young differentiating cells bear karyosomes more frequently than the nucleoli of rapidly-dividing cells. The karyosome seems to adopt a preferred location on the nucleolus, lying most frequently on the nucleolar surfaces directed towards the apex or base of the root. The origin and functional significance of the karyosome are discussed. Morphological evidence suggests that it may be material that formerly was part of a fibrillar centre.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01293574
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in the frequency of two types of nuclear body during the interphase of meristematic plant cells (1983)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 118 (1983), S. 104-113 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Allium cepa ; Brassica napus ; Nuclear bodies ; Mitotic cycle ; Pisum sativum ; Zea mays
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary After impregnating root meristems with silver nitrate two types of small (〈 1 Μm diameter) body can be seen in the nuclei. These have been termed “dense body” (DB) and “nucleolus-associated body” (NAB). The number of these bodies within a nucleus varies from species to species, but in general DBs are relatively numerous and lie in the nucleoplasm, while the NAB is usually solitary and lies on the surface of the nucleolus. Using nuclear volume as an indicator of the age of the nucleus since mitosis, the numbers of DBs and NABs were related to the nuclear growth cycle. In the meristem ofPisum sativum andZea mays DBs are characteristically present in early interphase; in some regions they persist in the nucleoplasm until the next mitosis, in other regions they disappear during interphase. DBs are probably pieces of the pellicle of ribonucleoprotein that coats mitotic chromosomes which have not coalesced (as does the remainder of the pellicle) to form the nucleolus at the start of interphase. NABs grow out from the nucleolar surface during the later stages of interphase. At the end of interphase there is on average 1 NAB per nucleolus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01293066
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A nutrient film technique for the simultaneous measurement of root growth and nutrient uptake (1983)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 70 (1983), S. 151-154 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Brassica napus ; Nutrient film ; Nutrient uptake ; Root measurement ; Split root system
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary A nutrient film technique was developed to measure simultaneously the root growth and the nutrient uptake of an undisturbed plant. This technique has been used to study temperature effects on growth and phosphorus uptake per unit length of root using split root systems. Illustrative data are given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02374759
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitation of poly(A)-containing mRNA in rat cardiac biopsies (1983)
    Springer
    Basic research in cardiology 78 (1983), S. 203-209 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1803
    Keywords: mRNA ; rat ; heart muscle ; biopsies ; gene expression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Durch Kombination konventioneller mRNS-Isolierungsverfahren mit neueren mRNS-Hybridisierungstechniken wurde eine Methode entwickelt, die die Quantifizierung myokardialer, Poly(A)-enthaltender mRNS in Myokardbiopsien ermöglicht. Dadurch wird es möglich, Veränderungen der myokardialen Genexpression direkt in Myokardbiopsien zu untersuchen. Die beschriebene Methode kann daher besonders nutzvoll sein, wenn Veränderungen der myokardialen Genexpression bei menschlichen oder tierischen Herzmuskelerkrankungen erwartet werden und wenn andererseits aber nur Herzmuskelbiopsien für die Untersuchungen zur Verfügung stehen.
    Notes: Summary Using a combination of conventional mRNA-extraction methods and newer hybridization techniques, a method was developed which allows the quantitation of cardiac Poly(A)-containing mRNA in cardiac biopsies. This provides a new tool to directly assess changes in cardiac gene expression in cardiac biopsies. It is proposed that the method described may be valuable in investigations dealing with various human or animal heart diseases where changes in cardiac gene expression are expected and where only biopsy material is available.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01906673
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inheritance of leafshape in turnip (Brassica rapa L. Partim) and rape (Brassica napus L.) (1983)
    Springer
    Euphytica 32 (1983), S. 361-365 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Brassica rapa ; turnip ; Brassica napus ; rape ; leafshape inheritance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Inheritance of leafshape in both turnip and rape was investigated. F2-offspring segregation ratios indicate a simple way of inheritance of leafshape. In turnip entire leaf was mono- or digenically dominant over cutleaf. In rape entire leaf was incomplete monogenically dominant over cutleaf.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00021444
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transfer of resistance to race 2 of Plasmodiophora brassicae from Brassica napus to cabbage (B. Oleracea ssp. capitata). V. The inheritance of resistance (1983)
    Springer
    Euphytica 32 (1983), S. 479-483 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Crucifers ; Brassica napus ; Brassica oleracea ssp. capitata ; cabbage ; Plasmodiophora brassicae ; clubroot disease ; interspecific cross ; resistance breeding ; inheritance of resistance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Six segregating breeding populations were studied for inheritance of resistance to race 2 of the clubroot pathogen Plasmodiophora brassicae Wor. The single gene responsible for resistance to race 2 transferred from B. napus is completely dominant over susceptibility. The diploid B. oleracea chromosome number of 2n=18 was restored in the B3 and B4 progenies derived from backcrossing a 26-chromosome B1 plant with 2x B. oleracea.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00021458
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An esterase duplication in Drosophila: Differences in expression of duplicate loci within and among related species (1982)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 20 (1982), S. 929-942 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: esterase ; duplication ; gene expression ; Drosophila
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract An esterase duplication is described in the sibling species pair Drosophila mojavensis and Drosophila arizonensis. We present evidence for two separate structural loci mapping at a distance of less than 0.16 recombination units from each other. Alleles at the two loci have the same substrate specificities and form small amounts of interlocus heterodimers. One locus (Est-5) is functioning throughout the insect's life cycle and appears at high concentrations in the hemolymph and the fat body. Its duplicate (Est-4) functions only during the late larval stage and is concentrated mainly in the carcass. No null alleles at either locus were observed in population surveys. An examination of 12 other species from the repleta group, to which D. mojavensis and D. arizonesis belong, suggests that Est-5 is universally present, but the activity levels of Est-4 vary among species and may be totally absent in some species. Variation in the level of Est-4 activity does not closely follow the phylogenetic relationship.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00484070
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mitochondrial gene expression and cytoplasmic male sterility in sorghum (1982)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 1 (1982), S. 89-102 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: sorghum ; mitochondria ; cytoplasmic male sterility ; plasmids ; gene expression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Variation in sorghum mitochondrial translation products has enabled fertile (Kafir) cytoplasm to be distinguished from Milo cytoplasmic male sterile cytoplasm and from three alternative sources of cytoplasmic male sterile cytoplasm. Mitochondria from Milo cytoplasm synthesised a 65 000 mol. wt. polypeptide which was not synthesised by those from Kafir cytoplasm. In the cytoplasmic male sterile combination of Kafir nucleus in Milo cytoplasm synthesis of this polypeptide was dramatically increased. Mitochondria from two cytoplasmic male sterile lines (Kafir nucleus in IS1112 cytoplasm and Yellow Feterita nucleus in M35-1 cytoplasm) did not synthesise the 65 000 mol. wt. polypeptide but synthesised additional high molecular weight polypeptides (from 54 000 to 82 000 mol. wt.), the major one being 82 000. Mitochondria from cytoplasm IS1112 were also distinguished by synthesis of an additional 12 000 mol. wt. polypeptide. Mitochondria from the cytoplasmic male sterile line Martin nucleus in 9E cytoplasm synthesised an additional 42 000 mol. wt. polypeptide but did not synthesise a 38 000 mol. wt. polypeptide detected in all other cytoplasms. Immunoprecipitation of mitochondrial translation products with antiserum raised against subunit I of yeast cytochrome oxidase tentatively identified the 38 000 mol. wt. polypeptide as subunit I of sorghum cytochrome oxidase. The 42 000 mol. wt. polypeptide was also immuno-precipitated by this antiserum and thus is probably an altered form of cytochrome oxidase subunit I. Analysis of native mitochondrial DNA by agarose gel electrophoresis revealed the presence of two ‘plasmid-like’ DNA species of molecular weight 5.3 and 5.7 kb in the cytoplasmic male sterile lines Kafir nucleus in cytoplasm IS1112 and Yellow Feterita nucleus in M35-1 cytoplasm. Thus there is a positive correlation between the synthesis of the 82 000 mol. wt. polypeptide and the presence of the additional DNA species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00024973
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of a crown-gall tumor initiation enhancer on bacterial attachment to the host plant cell wall (1982)
    Springer
    Planta 156 (1982), S. 364-368 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Agrobacterium ; Bacterial attachment (to plant cell walls) ; Crown gall ; Helianthus ; Tumor initiation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The competitive activities of different plant cell walls upon Agrobacterium tumefaciens attachment have been studied in vitro by means of two crown-gall tumor initiation assays. The low or high susceptibility of different plant species is independent of their capacity to cause bacterial cells to adhere to specific sites on the plant cell walls. However, the attachment properties of cell wall fragments derived from Helianthus cotyledons seem to be age-dependent. It is found that a tumor initiation enhancer, present in extract fractions derived from highly susceptible plants and closely related with the competence for tumor formation, does not influence bacterial adherence. The two steps, attachment and the step by which the tumor initiation enhancer is involved, clearly differ in the processes leading to the transformation of a normal cell into a tumor cell.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00397475
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anther culture as a breeding tool in rape (1982)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 61 (1982), S. 225-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Anther culture ; Brassica napus ; Muta-genesis ; Rape-seed
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Progeny analysis of androgenetic plants from inbred rape-seed (Brassica napus) shows that selective growth of microspores can occur in cultured anthers. The property of privileged growth in culture seems to be linked to such characters as flowering time and seed glucosinolate content which can be analyzed in regenerated plants. This type of selection and the fact that more variability is visible in regenerants from different microspores than in the progeny of the highly inbred anther donor line, demonstrates the higher degree of homozygosity in the doubled amphihaploids of B. napus. Furthermore, it is shown that haploid genomes of rape may be mutable. Thus it is possible to obtain several different homozygous lines from a single microspore. A system of haploid embryoids arising from single cells of the primary microspore regenerant has also been used to produce experimentally induced mutants. It is demonstrated that recessive mutations can be obtained in a homozygous state in doubled haploid regenerants from mutagenized haploid single cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00273779
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nuclear and nucleolar inclusions in root tip ofBrassica napus L. (1982)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 113 (1982), S. 189-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Brassica napus ; Membrane ; Nucleolus ; Nucleus ; Ultrastructure ; Vacuole
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Vacuole-like structures were found in the nuclei of root tip cells ofBrassica napus. The cells containing the unusual nuclear inclusions were found to be adjacent to zones of degenerating cells. Such groups of cells occurred irregularly in the meristematic regions of the young root tips. The possibility that they represent changes which have occurred in old seeds is discussed. The “vacuole-like” structures seen in the cells adjacent to the degenerating zones were bounded by a membranous layer 12 nm thick. This is thicker than most cellular membranes. The “vacuoles” frequently contained inclusions and showed similarities to protein bodies reported elsewhere. The structures are thought to represent rearrangements of cell products which may have accumulated through an imbalance of metabolism in consequence of the imminent cell degeneration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01280906
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The transfer of characters from Brassica campestris L. to Brassica napus L.: Production of clubroot-resistant oil-seed rape (B. napus ssp oleifera) (1982)
    Springer
    Euphytica 31 (1982), S. 971-976 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Brassica napus ; oil-seed rape ; Brassica campestris ; turnip ; Plasmodiophora ; clubroot ; interspecific crossing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Four oil-seed rape lines were crossed with a clubroot resistant Brassica campestris line from the European Clubroot Differential sct. The allotriploid hybrids were backcrossed to the rape lines to introgress clubroot resistance into oil-seed rape. Using a combination of screening for disease resistance and chromosome number, a high proportion of 38-chromosome, clubroot resistant selections were obtained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00039237
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  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of genetically distinct superoxide dismutases in the maize seedling during development (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 3 (1982), S. 7-23 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: gene expression ; superoxide dismutase ; Zea mays ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Immunoassays for the cytosolic and mitochondrial superoxide dismutases (SOD) of maize were developed and used to study the expression of these proteins in the maize seedling. The genetically distinct proteins, SOD-3 and SOD-4, are preferentially expressed in the scutellum, comprising approximately 1% of the total water-soluble protein of that tissue. SOD-2, SOD-3, and SOD-4 are synthesized in the scutellum during early sporophytic development, probably on cytosolic ribosomes. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of crude scutellar extracts indicates that significant changes occur in the protein composition of the maize scutellum following seed imbibition. Using the immunoassays, a maize line exhibiting a significant reduction in cyanide-sensitive SOD protein was identified.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020030103
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  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The relationship between gene dosage, gene expression, and sex in Drosophila (1982)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 3 (1982), S. 275-282 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: Drosophila ; sex chromosomes ; gene dosage ; gene expression ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: In Drosophila, the ratio of the number of X chromosomes to sets of other chromosomes initiates a series of events which result in sexual differentiation. In addition, this ratio establishes dosage compensation, a mechanism which equalizes the products of X-linked genes in males and females. The present review discusses possible genetic entities responsible for the interpretation of chromosomal sex and subsequent sex-mediated regulation during development.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020030402
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  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radioimmunoassay for pmol-quantities of indole-3-acetic acid for use with highly stable [125I]- and [3H]IAA derivatives as radiotracers (1981)
    Springer
    Planta 153 (1981), S. 319-325 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Agrobacterium ; Auxin (IAA, assay) ; Avena ; Catharanthus ; Crown gall ; Radioimmunoassay (IAA)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A radioimmunoassay for the detection of as little as 0.5–1 pmol indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in unpurified or partially purified plant extracts is described. The assay makes use of either IAA[125I]tyrosine methyl ester or [3H]IAA methyl ester as radioactive antigens and IAA methyl ester as the assay standard (measuring range: 1–200 pmol). Levels of extractable IAA in a number of biological samples have been estimated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00384250
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  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phytohormones in the formation of crown gall tumors (1981)
    Springer
    Planta 153 (1981), S. 326-337 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Abscic acid ; Agrobacterium ; Auxin ; Crown gall Cytokinin ; Radioimmunoassay (hormones)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Crown gall tumors were initiated in a variety of plant species by infection with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain B6 and the concomitant changes in the tissue levels of phytohormones, mainly indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and cytokinins, were analyzed. A comparison was made of these hormones with those produced by virulent and avirulent strains of the bacterium in liquid culture and with those of bacteria-free crown gall callus cultures. Specific radioimmunoassays were employed for hormone determinations. An assay for the quantitation of femto-mol amounts of isopentenyladenosine and related cytokinins was newly developed and is described in detail. The results can be summarized as follows: Virulence in strain B 6 is associated with the ability to release trans-zeatin and increased amounts of IAA into the surrounding environment. In many, but not all plants analyzed, the development of crown gall tumors is also associated with a sharp rise in the levels of trans-zeatin-type zytokinins and IAA (e.g., Euphorbia lathyris, Catharanthus roseus). Crown gall calli growing on hormone-free media varied greatly in their cytokinin levels. In a culture of Nicotiana tabacum, both trans-zeatin and isopentenyladenine or related cytokinins were not detected. Thus, tumor growth cannot be explained on the basis of elevated levels of IAA and/or cytokinins alone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00384251
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  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Self-pollination in swedes (Brassica napus ssp Rapifera) and its implications for cultivar production (1981)
    Springer
    Euphytica 30 (1981), S. 813-817 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Brassica napus ; swedes ; self-pollination ; outcrossing ; inbreeding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The degree of selfing on open pollination was examined in four swede cultivars. Three cultivars had over 80 per cent selfing, whilst the fourth had less than 55 per cent. The inbreeding coefficient with these levels of selfing, assuming the cultivars were at equilibrium, would be 0.69 and 0.37 respectively. The cultivar with the high level of outcrossing was found to possess a degree of self-incompatibility. The structure of such populations is demonstrated, and the implications for cultivar production are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00038810
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  • 30
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carboxylesterase-2 in the development of the loach (Misgurnus fossilis L.) (1980)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 18 (1980), S. 353-364 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: carboxylesterase ; electrophoretic variants ; fish development ; gene expression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Two esterases splitting α-naphthylacetate have been found in the tissues of adult loaches and in embryos. These were identified as arylesterase (E-1) (arylester hydrolase, E.C. 3.1.1.2) and carboxylesterase (E-2) (carboxylic ester hydrolase, E.C. 3.1.1.1.). In unfertilized loach eggs E-1 and E-2 synthesized during oogenesis were found. Active E-2 synthesized under the control of E-2 genes of the embryo appeared in embryos from the stage of 40–50 h of development. Maternal E-2 molecules synthesized in oogenesis or on the stored templates in embryogenesis persisted in larvae up to days 5–6 of development. Two genes controlling the synthesis of two forms of E-2 differing in electric mobility were found in the loach population from the delta of the Danube. The genes for fast and slow E-2 were shown to segregate in meiosis and to be allelic.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00484248
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  • 31
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transfer of resistance to race 2 of Plasmodiophora brassicae from Brassica napus to cabbage (B. Oleracea spp. Capitata). IV. A resistant 18-chromosome B1 plant and its B2 progenies (1980)
    Springer
    Euphytica 29 (1980), S. 47-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Crucifers ; Brassica napus ; rutabaga ; Brassica oleracea ssp. capitata ; cabbage ; Brassica oleracea var. italica ; broccoli ; Plasmodiophora brassicae ; clubroot disease ; fungal resistance ; interspecific hybrids ; backcrosses ; resistance breeding ; karyotype ; meiosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The somatic karyotype and meiotic chromosome behavior were studied in an 18-chromosome B1 plant derived from backcrossing a triploid (Brassica napus x B. oleracea ssp. capitata) F1 hybrid to cabbage. It is considered that cabbage chromosomes no. 1 and no. 7 were substituted by two shorter B. napus chromosomes. Meiotic disturbances were more apparent during the late stages of second division. Seed fertility of this plant was largely restored in the second backcrosses with both cabbage and broccoli. 18-chromosome B2 plants resistant to race 2 of Plasmodiophora brassicae were recovered among the progenies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00037248
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  • 32
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Contribution of host-pathogen interactions to the expression of the blackleg disease of spring rape (Brassica napus L.) caused by Leptosphaeria maculans (Desm.) Ces. et de not (1980)
    Springer
    Euphytica 29 (1980), S. 465-476 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Rape ; Brassica napus ; blackleg ; Leptosphaeria maculans ; disease resistance ; gene-for-gene relationship ; horizontal resistance ; host-pathogen interaction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Variation in the responses of selected genotypes of spring rape to infection by a wide range of isolates of Leptosphaeria maculans was analyzed in this study. Differences in severity of disease damage to seedlings between host and pathogen genotypes were highly significant. Interactions between host and pathogen were also highly significant. The generally resistant cultivar Wesreo was susceptible to a number of isolates whereas the normally susceptible cultivars Zollern-gold and Ceska were resistant to some isolates. Overall, however, Wesreo was resistant to a far greater number of isolates than were the susceptible genotypes. Significant differences in severity of disease damage were also observed between groups of isolates from different sites. All host genotypes were resistant to a substantially greater proportion of isolates from certain sites than from others. Interactions were again detected in that the ranking of sites on the basis of the proportion of isolates causing severe damage varied between host genotypes. The significance of host-pathogen interactions in the B. napus-L. maculans relationship is discussed with special reference to current views on the nature of horizontal resistance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00025147
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  • 33
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transformation of lily by Agrobacterium (1955)
    Springer
    Euphytica 85 (1955), S. 97-100 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Agrobacterium ; transformation ; lily ; β-glucuronidase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Lily cv. Harmony was inoculated with several Agrobacterium strains to study its susceptibility to Agrobacterium infection and transformation. Tumorous tissue formation on inoculated stem internodes of sterile-grown plantlets, as well as expression of a β-glucuronidase marker gene interrupted by an intron in cells of inoculated stem nodes, indicate that the monocotyledon Lilium is a host for Agrobacterium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023935
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  • 34
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microprotoplast fusion technique: a new tool for gene transfer between sexually-incongruent plant species (1955)
    Springer
    Euphytica 85 (1955), S. 255-268 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: microprotoplast fusion ; partial genome transfer ; monosomic additions ; kanamycin resistance ; β-glucuronidase ; gene expression ; potato
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Various aspects of a microprotoplast fusion technique and the strategies followed for intergeneric partial genome transfer (one or a few chromosomes) and alien genes from sexually-incongruent donor species to recipient species are described. The essential requirements of the microprotoplast fusion technique are the induction of micronuclei at high frequencies, as well as the isolation and enrichment of sub-diploid microprotoplasts in donor species, efficient fusion of the donor microprotoplasts with normal recipient protoplasts and stable regeneration of plants from fusion products. The results on the production of microprotoplast hybrid plants between the transformed donor lines of Solanum tuberosum and Nicotiana Plumbaginifolia carrying various genetic markers, and a recipient line of Lycopersicon peruvianum or Nicotiana tabacum, and on the transfer and expression of alien genes (kanamycin resistance, β-glucuronidase) are presented. The data obtained on microprotoplast hybrid plants between S. tuberosum and L. peruvianum showed that many of the hybrids contained one potato chromosome carrying nptII and GUS, and 24 or 48 L. peruvianum chromosomes (monosomic additions), and that they were male-and female-fertile. Various applications of chromosome transfer by this technique, especially for economically-important traits (e.g. disease or stress resistance) from sexually-incompatible wild species, for construction of chromosome-specific DNA libraries through microdissection and microcloning of chromosomes, or by flow-sorting of chromosomes for genome analysis, are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023954
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  • 35
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A study of different (CaMV 35S and mas) promoter activities and risk assessment of field use in transgenic rapeseed plants (1955)
    Springer
    Euphytica 85 (1955), S. 411-416 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Agrobacterium ; Brassica napus ; CaMV 35S promoter ; mas promoter ; gene expression ; risk assessment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Gene fusions between the β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene and the promoters of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S RNA transcript (CaMV 35S) and the mannopine synthase (mas) genes were introduced into rapeseed varieties via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Fluorometric assay of β-glucuronidase activity indicated different expression patterns for the two promoters. In seedlings, the CaMV 35S promoter had maximum activity in the primary roots, while the mas promoter was most active in the cotyledons. Etiolated seedlings cultured in the dark showed reduced activity of the mas promoter. Before vernalization at the rosette stage, both promoters were more active in older plant parts than in younger ones. At this stage the highest activity was recorded in cotyledons. After the plants had bolted reduced promoter function was detected in the upper parts of the transformed plants. Both promoters were found to be functional in the majority of the studied organs of transgenic rapeseed plants, but the promoter activity varied considerably between the organs at different developmental stages. The ability of pollen to transfer the introduced genes to other varieties and related species (e.g. Brassica napus and Diplotaxus muralis) by cross-pollination was studied in greenhouse experiments, and field trials were carried out to estimate the distance for biologically-relevant gene dispersal. In artificial crossing, the introduced marker gene was transferable into other varieties of Brassica napus. In field trials, at a distance of 1 metre from the source of transgenic plants, the frequency of an outcrossing event was relatively high (10-3). Resistant individuals were found at 16 and 32 metres from the transgenic pollen donors, but the frequency of an outcrossing event dropped to 10-5.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023974
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  • 36
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transfer of disease resistance within the genus Brassica through asymmetric somatic hybridization (1955)
    Springer
    Euphytica 85 (1955), S. 247-253 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: asymmetric somatic hybridization ; Brassica napus ; Brassica nigra ; disease resistance transfer ; dot blot analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Asymmetric somatic hybrid plants between Brassica napus L. (oilseed rape genome AACC) and a transgenic line of Brassica nigra L. Koch (black mustard genome BB) were tested for their resistance against rapeseed pathogens Phoma lingam (black leg disease) and Plasmodiophora brassicae (club root disease). The transgenic B. nigra line used (hygromycin-resistant, donor) is highly resistant to both fungi, whereas B. napus (recipient) is highly susceptible. The asymmetric somatic hybrids were produced using the donor-recipient fusion method (with X-irradiation of donor protoplasts) reported by Zelcer et al. (1978) for the production of cybrids. Using hygromycin-B for selection, a total of 332 hybrid calli were obtained. Regenerants, resistant or susceptible to both diseases, were selected. Many hybrids expressed resistance to only one pathogen. Dot blot experiments showed that the asymmetric hybrid plants contained varying amounts of the donor genomic DNA. Furthermore, a correlation was detected between the radiation dose and the degree of donor DNA elimination.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023953
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  • 37
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Degradation of oxalic acid by transgenic oilseed rape plants expressing oxalate oxidase (1955)
    Springer
    Euphytica 85 (1955), S. 169-172 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Brassica napus ; disease tolerance ; oxalic acid ; oxalate oxidase ; Sclerotinia sclerotiorum ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Oxalic acid is thought to have a primary role in the pathogenicity of several plant pathogens, notably Sclerotinia selerotiorum. A gene coding for the enzyme oxalate oxidase was isolated from barley roots and introduced into oilseed rape as a means of degrading oxalic acid in vivo. This report describes the production of several transgenic plants of oilseed rape and the characterisation of these plants by Southern, Western and enzyme activity assays. Plants were shown to contain an active oxalate oxidase enzyme and were tolerant of exogenously supplied oxalic acid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023945
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  • 38
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modification of oilseed rape to produce oils for industrial use by means of applied tissue culture methodology (1955)
    Springer
    Euphytica 85 (1955), S. 323-327 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Brassica napus ; fatty acids ; gas chromatography ; Lunaria annua ; protoplast regeneration ; somaclonal variation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary A programme of research was designed to investigate methods for the modification of the fatty acid profiles of high performance lines of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) in an attempt to produce lines with enhanced levels of industrially useful fatty acids. The methodology employed to achieve these objectives was based on the exploitation of somaclonal or protoclonal variation, and targeted somatic hybridization using wild cruciferous germplasm as fusion partners. A range of somaclonal lines was produced from shoot regeneration protocols. These lines underwent replicated, randomised glasshouse trials for morphological assessment followed by gas chromatographic analysis to monitor any changes in fatty acid profile. It was found that a small number of lines exhibited potentially useful changes in oleic acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid content. Protoplast regeneration and electrofusion protocols for a range of winter oilseed rape lines were developed, and methods for the isolation and fusion of protoplasts of the wild crucifer Lunaria annua (chosen for its high nervonic acid content) established.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023962
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  • 39
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An assessment of morphogenic and transformation efficiency in a range of varieties of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) (1955)
    Springer
    Euphytica 85 (1955), S. 101-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Agrobacterium ; plant regeneration ; potato ; Solanum tuberosum ; tissue culture ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary To provide a truly genotype-independent transformation system, it is necessary to be able to transform a wide range of potato genotypes. The ability to regenerate shoots in vitro was determined for 34 potato varieties using tuber disc explants. Following a culture regime used extensively in previous studies with the variety Desiree, half of the varieties could be regenerated from tuber discs and half could not. From a sample of varieties that could be regenerated from tuber discs, all but one variety gave transgenic plants. Twelve varieties were evaluated for the capacity to regenerate shoots from leaf and internode explants excised from in vitro grown plants. All of the varieties tested regenerated adventitious shoots. Leaf and internode explants from 5 varieties were subsequently used for transformation, and transgenic plants were produced from two potato varieties that did not give transgenic plants from tuber disc explants. Some varieties could not be transformed by either method, and will require modification of the in vitro regeneration and transformation system to be successful.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023936
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  • 40
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some methodological aspects of apple transformation by Agrobacterium (1955)
    Springer
    Euphytica 85 (1955), S. 131-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: apple ; transformation ; Agrobacterium ; preculture ; azacytidine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Leaf explants of apple cvs Gala and Golden Delicious were infected with the Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain AGL0(pMOG410). The effects of a 2 d preculture of the explants before infection and the addition of 5-azacytidine to the selection medium were studied. The percentages of GUS-positive explants after 5 w did not significantly alter due to these treatments. One of the ‘Gala’ shoots, which was removed from a leaf explant cultured for 8 w on selection medium, proved to be GUS-positive and will be analyzed further. In general, however, it should be concluded that regeneration of transgenic shoots directly from leaf tissue was not very effective.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023941
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  • 41
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The manipulation and modification of tomato fruit ripening by expression of antisense RNA in transgenic plants (1955)
    Springer
    Euphytica 85 (1955), S. 193-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: carotenoids ; ethylene ; gene expression ; Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. ; polygalacturonase ; pectinesterase ; phytoene synthase ; ACC oxidase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The common cultivated tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) provides a major focus for improvement of crop quality through genetic engineering. Identification of ripening-related cDNAs has enabled the modification of specific aspects of ripening by manipulating gene expression in transgenic plants. By utilizing ‘antisense RNA’ to modify expression of ripening genes, we have inhibited the production of the cell wall-metabolising enzymes polygalacturonase and pectinesterase and created transgenic plants that contain, effectively, single, targeted mutations affecting these genes. Furthermore, this approach has been used with previously unidentified cDNA clones to enable both functional identification and manipulation of genes involved in ethylene production (ACC oxidase) and carotenoid biosynthesis (phytoene synthase). The use of antisense RNA targeted to specific genes to alter ripening phenotypes and improve commercial utility of fruit by affecting shelf-life, processing characteristics and nutritional content is discussed. We have used the extreme ripening-impaired mutant, ripening inhibitor (rin) to identify additional genes implicated in the ripening process. This approach has resulted in the cloning of several novel ripening-related mRNAs which are now being studied by antisense experiments. This may enable identification and manipulation of additional genes involved in processes such as softening, flavour and aroma generation and susceptibility to pathogens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023948
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  • 42
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The sulphur-rich Brazil nut 2S albumin is specifically formed in transgenic seeds of the grain legume Vicia narbonensis (1955)
    Springer
    Euphytica 85 (1955), S. 181-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Vicia narbonensis ; gene transfer ; gene expression ; seeds ; 2S albumin ; methionine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Epicotyl explants were co-cultivated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens EHA101 to transfer a chimeric 2S albumin gene construct carried in the binary Ti plasmid vectors pGSGLUC1 or pGA472 into the grain legume Vicia narbonensis. This gene encoding the sulphur-rich Brazil nut albumin was under the control of either the CaMV 35S promoter which permits gene expression in all organs, or the Vicia faba legumin B4 promoter which elicits seed-specific gene expression. After callus formation and selection for kanamycin resistance, somatic embryos were induced which, in the case of transformation with the vector pGSGLUC1, were screened for GUS activity. Embryos that produced GUS were in addition analysed for 2S albumin formation. Selected transgenic embryos were cloned by multiple shoot regeneration. Rooted and fertile plants were obtained by grafting transgenic shoots on the appropriate seedlings. R1 and R2 generations were raised and analysed for GUS as well as 2S albumin gene expression. Expression of the 35S promoter/2S albumin gene fusion took place in all organs of the transgenic plants including the cotyledons of seeds, whereas seed-specific gene expression was found in transformants with the legumin promoter/2S albumin gene fusion. The 2S albumin accumulated in the 2S protein fraction of transgenic seeds and its primary translation product was processed into the 9 and 3 kDa polypeptide chains. The foreign protein was localised in the protein bodies of the grain legume. Analysis of the R2 plants indicated Mendelian inheritance of the 2S albumin gene. In homozygous V. narbonensis plants the amounts of 2S albumin were twice that present in the corresponding heterozygous plants. Whereas only low level formation of the foreign protein was achieved if the gene was under the control of the 35S promoter, approximately 3.0% of the soluble seed protein was 2S albumin if seed-specific gene expression was directed by the legumin B4 promoter. Some of these transformants exhibited a three-fold increase in the methionine content of the salt-soluble protein fraction extracted from seeds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023947
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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