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  • 2000-2004  (10)
  • 1955-1959  (591)
  • Chemical Engineering  (583)
  • Agrobacterium
  • Nuclear reactions
  • protoplasts
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Years
Year
Keywords
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Agrobacterium mediated transformation of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) embryo axes (2000)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 19 (2000), S. 235-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Key words Chickpea ; Transformation ; Agrobacterium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Embryo axes of four accessions of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) were treated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains C58C1/GV2260 carrying the plasmid p35SGUSINT and EHA101 harbouring the plasmid pIBGUS. In both vectors the GUS gene is interrupted by an intron. After inoculation shoot formation was promoted on MS medium containing 0.5 mg/l BAP under a selection pressure of 100 mg/l kanamycin or 10 mg/l phosphinothricin, depending on the construct used for transformation. Expression of the chimeric GUS gene was confirmed by histochemical localization of GUS activity in regenerated shoots. Resistant shoots were grafted onto 5-day-old dark-grown seedlings, and mature plants could be recovered. T-DNA integration was confirmed by Southern analysis by random selection of putative transformants. The analysis of 4 plantlets of the T1 progeny revealed that none of them was GUS-positive, whereas the presence of the nptII gene could be detected by polymerase chain reaction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990050005
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An Agrobacterium tumefaciens transformation protocol effective on a variety of cottonwood hybrids (genus Populus) (2000)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 19 (2000), S. 315-320 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Key words Poplar ; Populus ; Aspen ; Cottonwood ; Transformation ; Agrobacterium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  We describe a protocol for Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of hybrid cottonwoods (Populus sections Tacamahaca Spach. and Aigeiros Duby). The protocol has allowed routine transformation of several economically important cottonwood hybrids (Populus trichocarpa Torr. & Gray×P. deltoides Bartr. ex. Marsh. and P. deltoides×P. nigra L.) that were previously difficult to transform. The procedure was applied to 11 different hybrid cottonwood genotypes and one P. deltoides genotype using kanamycin as the selection agent. Additional experiments showed a very strong interaction between auxin preculture and the effectiveness of various cytokinins for induction of shoot organogenesis. The data also demonstrated the superiority of Agrobacterium strain EHA105 over C58 and LBA4404 for T-DNA transfer based on transient assays with a reporter gene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990050019
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation and transgenic-plant regeneration of onion (Allium cepa L.) (2000)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 19 (2000), S. 376-381 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Key words Allium cepa ; Transformation ; Regeneration ; gfp gene ; Agrobacterium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  An Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation method has been developed for onions (Allium cepa L.) using immature embryos as the explant source. Transgenic plants were recovered from the open-pollinated onion cultivar Canterbury Longkeeper at a maximum transformation frequency from immature embryos of 2.7%. The method takes between 3–5 months from explant to primary regenerant entering the glasshouse. Multiple-shoot formation from primary transgenic material made possible the clonal multiplication of transformants. The binary vector used carried the nptII antibiotic resistance gene and the m-gfp5-ER reporter gene. Transgenic cultures were initially screened for their ability to fluoresce and to grow in the presence of geneticin (5–25 mg/l). The transgenic nature of individual plants was confirmed by Southern blot analysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990050743
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of the aromatic shrub Lavandula latifolia (2000)
    Springer
    Molecular breeding 6 (2000), S. 539-552 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9788
    Keywords: Agrobacterium ; inheritance analysis ; Lavandula latifolia ; lavender ; organogenesis ; transgenic plants
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Transgenic plants of the aromatic shrub Lavandula latifolia (Lamiaceae) were produced using Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated gene transfer. Leaf and hypocotyl explants from 35–40-day old lavender seedlings were inoculated with the EHA105 strain carrying the nptII gene, as selectable marker, and the reporter gusA gene with an intron. Some of the factors influencing T-DNA transfer to L. latifolia explants were assessed. Optimal transformation rates (6.0 ± 1.6% in three different experiments) were obtained when leaf explants precultured for 1 day on regeneration medium were subcultured on selection medium after a 24 h co-cultivation with Agrobacterium. Evidence for stable integration was obtained by GUS assay, PCR and Southern hybridisation. More than 250 transgenic plants were obtained from 37 independent transformation events. Twenty-four transgenic plants from 7 of those events were successfully established in soil. β-glucuronidase activity and kanamycin resistance assays in greenhouse-grown plants from two independent transgenic lines confirmed the stable expression of both gusA and nptII genes two years after the initial transformation. Evidence from PCR data, GUS assays and regeneration in the presence of kanamycin demonstrated a 1:15 Mendelian segregation of both transgenes among seedlings of the T1 progeny of two plants from one transgenic L. latifolia line.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1011332904024
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study of the factors influencing Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of pea (Pisum sativum L.) (2000)
    Springer
    Molecular breeding 6 (2000), S. 185-194 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9788
    Keywords: Agrobacterium ; transformation ; pea ; Pisum sativum L. ; PCR analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Factors influencing the efficiency of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of pea were tested using highly efficient, direct regeneration system. The virulence of three Agrobacterium strains (octopine LBA 4404, nopaline C58C1 and succinamopine, hypervirulent EHA 105) clearly varied giving 1 transgenic plant per 100 explants for LBA 4404, 2.2 for C58C1 and 8.2 for EHA 105. To test the efficacy of selection agents we used the hypervirulent EHA 105 strain carrying pGPTV binary vector with one of four different selection genes: nptII, hpt, dhfr or bar. The mean number of transgenic, kanamycin-resistant plants for two cultivars tested was 4.2 per 100 explants and was slightly higher than the number of phosphinothricin-resistant plants (3.6 plants per 100 explants). The proportion of transgenics among kanamycin-selected plants was also higher than among phosphinothricin-resistant plants (35% and 28% respectively). There was no regeneration on hygromycin or methotrexate media (transformation with hpt and dhfr genes). Acetosyringone had no apparent influence on efficiency of transformation with hypervirulent EHA 105 strain, however it did affect the rate of transformation when moderately virulent C58C1 was used. Recovery of transgenic plants was enhanced after application of 5-azacytidine. The presence of integrated T-DNA was checked by PCR and confirmed by Southern hybridization. T-DNA was stably transmitted to the next generation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009679908948
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    pGreen: a versatile and flexible binary Ti vector for Agrobacterium-mediated plant transformation (2000)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 42 (2000), S. 819-832 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: Agrobacterium ; binary vectors ; plant transformation ; reporter genes ; selectable marker genes ; Ti vector
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Binary Ti vectors are the plasmid vectors of choice in Agrobacterium-mediated plant transformation protocols. The pGreen series of binary Ti vectors are configured for ease-of-use and to meet the demands of a wide range of transformation procedures for many plant species. This plasmid system allows any arrangement of selectable marker and reporter gene at the right and left T-DNA borders without compromising the choice of restriction sites for cloning, since the pGreen cloning sites are based on the well-known pBluescript general vector plasmids. Its size and copy number in Escherichia coli offers increased efficiencies in routine in vitro recombination procedures. pGreen can replicate in Agrobacterium only if another plasmid, pSoup, is co-resident in the same strain. pSoup provides replication functions in trans for pGreen. The removal of RepA and Mob functions has enabled the size of pGreen to be kept to a minimum. Versions of pGreen have been used to transform several plant species with the same efficiencies as other binary Ti vectors. Information on the pGreen plasmid system is supplemented by an Internet site (http://www.pgreen.ac.uk) through which comprehensive information, protocols, order forms and lists of different pGreen marker gene permutations can be found.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006496308160
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Programmed cell death in cell cultures (2000)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 44 (2000), S. 359-368 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: Arabidopsis ; PCD induction ; programmed cell death ; protoplasts ; suspension cell cultures
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In plants most instances of programmed cell death (PCD) occur in a number of related, or neighbouring, cells in specific tissues. However, recent research with plant cell cultures has demonstrated that PCD can be induced in single cells. The uniformity, accessibility and reduced complexity of cell cultures make them ideal research tools to investigate the regulation of PCD in plants. PCD has now been induced in cell cultures from a wide range of species including many of the so-called model species. We will discuss the establishment of cell cultures, the fractionation of single cells and isolation of protoplasts, and consider the characteristic features of PCD in cultured cells. We will review the wide range of methods to induce cell death in cell cultures ranging from abiotic stress, absence of survival signals, manipulation of signal pathway intermediates, through the induction of defence-related PCD and developmentally induced cell death.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026500810877
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plant regeneration from protoplasts of a commercial Asian long-grain javanica rice (2000)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 60 (2000), S. 79-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: cell suspensions ; Lolium multiflorum L. ; membrane filter-nurse culture ; Oryza sativa L. ; protoplasts ; two-step shoot regeneration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A reproducible plant regeneration system has been developed for protoplasts from embryogenic cell suspension cultures of the commercial Asian long-grain javanica rice, Oryza sativa cv. Azucena. Protoplasts were isolated routinely from cell suspensions with yields of 5.5–12.0 × 106 g-1 fresh weight. A membrane filter nurse-culture method was adopted and was essential to support sustained mitotic division of protoplast-derived cells, leading to cell colony formation. The protoplast plating efficiency was higher when suspension cells of Lolium multiflorum, rather than those of the japonica rice O. sativa L. cv. Taipei 309, were employed as nurse cells. A two-step shoot regeneration procedure, in which protoplast-derived calli were cultured initially on medium semi-solidified with 1% (w/v) agarose followed by culture on medium containing 0.4% (w/v) agarose, induced plant regeneration from protoplast-derived calli. Fifteen percent of protoplast-derived tissues regenerated shoots; tissues not subjected to this treatment failed to develop shoots.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006408109595
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of maize γ-zein and β-zein genes in transgenic Nicotiana tabacum and Lotus corniculatus (2000)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 62 (2000), S. 141-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: Agrobacterium ; forage quality ; KDEL ; recombinant proteins ; sulphur-rich amino acids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Accumulation of zeins, the endosperm storage proteins of maize, in a heterologous plant expression system was attempted. Plants of Nicotiana tabacum and Lotus corniculatus were transformed by Agrobacterium with binary vectors harbouring genes that code for γ-zein and β-zein, two zeins rich in sulphur amino acids. Adding the ER retention signal KDEL to the C-terminal domain modified the zein polypeptides. Significant levels of γ-zein:KDEL and β-zein:KDEL were detected in primary transformants of tobacco. Moreover, the two zeins colocalized in leaf protein bodies of γ-/β-zein:KDEL plants derived from a cross between two primary transformants. Coexpression of γ-zein:KDEL and β-zein:KDEL could be a useful strategy to obtain genotypes of forage legumes which are able to accumulate sulphur amino acids to high levels. As a first step, L. corniculatus plants expressing γ-zein:KDEL in the leaves were obtained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026735106843
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plant regeneration from embryogenic cell suspension-derived protoplasts of rubber (2000)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 61 (2000), S. 81-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: cell suspensions ; embryogenesis ; Hevea brasiliensis ; plant regeneration ; protoplasts
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Embryogenic cell suspensions of rubber derived from immature inflorescences and inner integuments of immature fruits released 3.1 ± 0.2 × 107 protoplasts g-1 f. wt. (mean ± s.e.m, n = 10) and 3.2 ± 0.2 × 107 protoplasts g-1 f. wt., with mean viabilities of 83 ± 2% and 77 ± 8%, respectively. Sustained mitotic division was observed only when protoplasts were cultured in KPR liquid medium on nitrocellulose membranes overlying the same semi-solid medium containing Lolium multiflorum nurse cells. Protoplast-derived cell colonies were produced within 2 months of culture. Protoplast-derived cell colonies proliferated, upon subculture to MS-based regeneration medium, with 40% of the protoplast-derived calli developing somatic embryos. The latter germinated into plants on the same medium after 3 months of culture.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006494404224
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050201
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Control-system design for a chemical process by the root-locus method (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 30-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This paper illustrates the application of the root-locus method in the design of a control system for a theoretical stirred-tank reactor. The merits of control by measuring reactor concentration or temperature were considered at both an unstable and stable steady state reactor condition. The modes of control studied were proportional, proportional-integral, and proportional-integral-rate.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050109
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some effects of baffles on a fluidized system (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 54-60 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Some characteristics are reported for the fluidization of an air-microspheroidal catalyst system in a 16-in.-diameter bed equipped with baffles. The back-mixing characteristics and retention-time distributions of gas and solids, allowable gas and solids velocities, entrainment rate, and bed density are studied as functions of baffle design.It is shown that the use of baffles narrows the retention-time spectrum and permits either concurrent or countercurrent flow while not seriously reducing gas or solids throughput or solids holdup.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050113
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Liquid-liquid extraction equilibrium data of cobalt nitrate - nickel nitrate - nitric acid solutions (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 76-79 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Studies of the solvent extraction of cobalt and nickel nitrates from aqueous solution would add to the fundamental knowledge of extraction of metal salts. In experiments performed to determine the extractibility of these metals as nitrates from aqueous solutions by organic solvents, normal butanol was found to be the best solvent and gave equilibrium distribution coefficients K for cobalt or nickel nitrate of about 0.3. The presence of nitric acid tended to decrease these at high metal concentrations.In mixtures of the two metals the K value of either metal was found to depend on the total metal concentration. Low separation factors of about 1.3 were obtained. Very high K values of over 5 were obtained for the equilibrium extraction of the nitric acid in the presence of the metal nitrates by the n-butanol an indication of commercial possibilities.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050117
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Compressibility of n-hexane (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 29-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Although a considerable amount of work has been done on the compressibility of n-hexane, it has been impossible until now to compare or evaluate the work of the various investigators. There has also been a serious lack of information in the region above the critical temperature. It is the purpose of this work to make an extensive study of temperatures of 240° to 300°C. and of pressures up to 225 atm. in order to provide the lacking information and to overlap with the work of other investigators so that a proper evaluation of their work may be made.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050108
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Flow measurements with ball meters (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 134-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050128
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reply (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 134-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050129
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reply (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 136-136 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050132
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Particulate fluidization and sedimentation of spheres (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 310-314 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Particulate fluidization and sedimentation data were taken over the Reynolds number range of 0.005 to 1,800 by means of glass spheres in both water and ethylene glycol. Porosities for each series of measurements varied from about 0.50 to 0.91 and larger. The closely sized samples of spheres used were obtained by grinding between glass plates. The data for Reynolds numbers up to about 0.5 are in excellent agreement with the laminar theory of Ruth and the porosity function from Ruth's theory gave a satisfactory correlation of all the data, both laminar and turbulent.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050312
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some aspects of fluid mechanics in chemical engineering (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 331-338 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The prediction of the transfers of momentum, energy, and material is of ever-pressing concern to the engineer interested in process design. Recently developed facts concerning the transport of momentum which are of particular use in predicting transfers of energy and material are reviewed, as well as the background of thermodynamics associated with transport processes. The more elemental relationships pertaining to thermal and material transfer in flowing streams are considered, and some of the interrelations of the transport processes are presented.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050316
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vinyl chloride from acetylene and hydrogen chloride: Catalytic-rate studies (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 361-366 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The reaction rate of gaseous acetylene and hydrogen chloride was studied experimentally on a mercuric chloride-activated carbon catalyst at pressures from 1 to 4 atm. and temperatures of 167°, 212°, and 257°F. The measurements were made in a differential reactor packed with mercuric chloride impregnated on activated carbon, the data being taken to obtain the separate effect of the partial pressure of each of the components on the rate.The results indicated that hydrogen chloride was strongly adsorbed on the catalyst and that vinyl chloride was also adsorbed to a significant extent. A rate equation, which well represented the data, was developed from the following postulates: (a) acetylene is adsorbed on the catalyst on one type of site, (b) hydrogen chloride and vinyl chloride are adsorbed on a different kind of site, (c) the formation of vinyl chloride occurs by reaction of adsorbed acetylene and adsorbed hydrogen chloride, and (d) the rates of adsorption and desorption are fast compared with the formation rate of vinyl chloride.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050321
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The mechanics of vertical moving liquid-liquid fluidized systems: I. Interphase contacting of droplets passing through a second quiescent fluid (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 533-539 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Previous publications have shown that for solid spheres fluidized in water a unique relationship exists between the slip velocity and the system holdup. With this work as a model a method is now presented for estimating the behavior of the liquid-in-liquid spray column in which droplets of one phase move through a second quiescent phase.Combining the solids fluidization results with information on the single droplet terminal velocity one can obtain a design estimate of the holdup or interphase contact area for the liquid-liquid spray column. This design estimate includes the particular nature of the liquid droplet of being susceptible to internal circulation, oscillation, and distortion.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050423
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plant design and econmics for chemical engineers, Max S. Peters, McGraw-Hill Back Company, Inc., New York (9158). 511 pages. 511.00. (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 412-563 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050403
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The enthalpy of water in the liquid state (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 551-555 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The enthalpy of water in the liquid state has been calculated from 32°F. to temperatures approaching the critical and pressures ranging from saturated conditions to 160,000 lb./sq. in. abs. (approximately 11,000 atm). The results of this study are presented graphically and show that the influence of pressure on enthalpy is significant, particularly in the lower temperature region. At these conditions pressure is found to increase the enthalpy of liquid water by as much as 360 B.t.u./lb. above the corresponding enthalpy of the saturated liquid state.A comprehensive literature search disclosed PVT data for water that permitted the construction of a density correlation. This correlation expressed in reduced coordinates extends from the normal freezing point of water to temperatures of 1,870°F. (TR = 2.0) and pressures ranging up to 10,915 atm. (PR = 50). The recent extensive PVT data of Kennedy reported in 1950 supplemented with the earlier data of Amagat and Bridgman allowed the calculation of enthalpies at these elevated temperatures and pressures. For these calculations basic thermodynamic relationships were adapted which utilized this reduced density correlation. This approach has made possible the extension of the thermodynamic properties of liquid water above the highest pressure reported by Keenan and Keys. Below this pressure of 6,000 lb./sq. in abs. good agreement was found to exist between the enthalpy values presented by Keenan and Keyes and those reported in this investigation.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050426
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    Electronic Resource
    Reply (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 5D-5D 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050431
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  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermodynamic properties of acetylene (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 17-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The derived thermodynamic properties of acetylene have been determined over a temperature range of 32 to 500°F. and up to pressures of 2,000 lb./sq. in. abs. The data were calculated from vapor pressure, volumetric, and heat-capacity data by the use of rigorous thermodynamic relationships. The calculated data were found to be internally consistent. The enthalpy values are believed to be accurate within ±1.0 B.t.u./lb. and the entropy values to ±0.001 B.t.u./(lb.)(°R.).
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050105
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  • 27
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    Electronic Resource
    Simplified calculation of chemical equilibria in hydrocarbon systems containing isomers (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 26-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An improved method is presented for handling isomer groups in the calculation of chemical equilibria in complex hydrocarbon mixtures. The new method reduces the number of simulataneous equations involved and makes practical the rigorous calculation of any hydrocarbon system for which free-energy data are available, no matter how complex.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050107
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  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Low-temperature vapor-liquid equilibria in ternary and quaternary systems containing hydrogen, nitrogen, methane, and ethane (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 46-50 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Experimental data are presented for three ternary systems and the quaternary at pressures of 500 and 1,000 1b./sq. in. abs. and at temperatures of -100° and -200°F. These data along with information in the literature were correlated to give charts of equilibrium ratios as a function of temperature, pressure, and composition.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050111
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  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sublimation from sharp-edged cylinders in axisymmetric flow, including influence of surface curvature (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 61-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An experimental investigation was performed on the mass transfer by sublimation from the outer surfaces of hollow naphthalene cylinders, 0.75 and 1.00 in. in diam., in parallel air streams at velocities between 20 and 120 ft./sec. Local mass transfer rates on the cylinders were obtained by a profilometric technique consisting of accurate determinations of changes in radii of the subliming surfaces at points along elements of the cylinders.Local coefficients of mass transfer obtained with laminar boundary layers for Reynolds numbers (based on axial length) between 12,000 and 100,000 were found to be up to 8% greater, because of surface curvature, than corresponding values for flat surfaces. Moreover comparison of the mass-transfer data with a theoretical prediction for laminar skin friction on circular cylinders indicates an effect of surface curvature on the Chilton-Colburn anology between momentum and mass transfer amounting to as much as 6% in the range of air velocity employed. For turbulent boundary layers obtained by artificial triggering of turbulence at the leading edges of the cylinders no effect of surface curvature was found. The results obtained for Reynolds numbers of 40,000 to 1,000,000 are lower than previously published correlations of turbulent heat, mass, and momentum transfer, when compared by the Boelter, Martinelli, and Jonassen form of the analogy.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050114
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  • 30
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interfacial resistance in gas absorption (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 86-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A laminar jet method for contracting a liquid with a gas for contact times down to 1 msec. has been developed. A jet is formed with a very thin square-edged orifice to minimize boundary-layer effects, and the rate of absorption of carbon dioxide into water is found to depend only upon contact time, an indication that the method is self-consistent.The rate of absorption of carbon dioxide into pure water is 1 to 4% lower than the theoretical rate for absorption into a jet in rodlike flow the surface of which is instantaneously saturated. This indicates that, at most, interfacial resistance in this system is small and justifies the common assumption of interfacial equilibrium.Jets with thick boundary layers were formed with other types of orifices, and the absorption rates into these jets were lower than the theoretical value because of the decreased surface velocity. This effect can be easily mistaken for an interfacial resistance.The presence of a commercial surface-active agent causes an apparent interfacial resistance which is due at least partly to a hydrodynamic effect.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050119
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  • 31
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Liquid viscosities of methane and propane (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 98-102 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The theory and calibration procedure for a cylindrical falling body viscometer is presented.Experimental viscosity data are given for liquid methane from -150°C. to the critical point and for liquid propane from -185° to +90°C. The maximum experimental error for methane data is ±8% and for propane data ±5%.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050121
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  • 32
    Electronic Resource
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    Mechanism of drying thick porous bodies during the falling rate period: I. The pseudo-wet-bulb temperature (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 103-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The drying of two highly porous thick textiles is studied and compared. Extremes are chosen in that one package is composed of a Terylene (British form of a polyester fiber) net fabric of open structure and the other of a woolen flannel of close structure. The cloths are wound as bobbins and dried by hot air streaming in a wind tunnel, the air flowing parallel to the axis of the cylinder of material. The weight of water as drying progresses is measured by a balance, and thermocouples within the bobbin provide a temperature record.On investigation of the thermal conductivity of the dry structure, it is found that whereas the coefficient for the wool-air mixture is constant throughout, the coefficient for the Terylene-air mixture applies only in the depths, the apparent thermal conductivity growing larger toward the surface and with increasing air speed, as if the heat transfer through the open structure is assisted by some form of air penetration.As the thick textiles dry, the rate of evaporation falls off, since heat and water vapor have to pass through an increasing layer of dry material. While this is occurring, a constant temperature, the “pseudo-wet-bulb temperature,” is established throughout the wet cloth. This state of equilibrium may be expressed as an equation between the rate of heat conduction inward and that required to produce the vapor diffusion outward. From this equation the pseudo-wet-bulb temperature can be calculated.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050122
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  • 33
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    The influence of heat transfer on mass transfer at low pressures (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 135-136 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050131
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  • 34
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    Mass transfer from a solid sphere to water in highly turbulent flow (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 178-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Mass transfer coefficients from 1/2-in. spheres of benzoic and cinnamic acids and 2-napthol to water were measured in the high Reynolds number region of 600 to 140,000. Previous data for liquids extended only to a Reynolds number of 11,000. Three separate and approximately parallel lines of JD vs. Reynolds number were found for the different solutes, and the shape of the curves was found to be similar to the total-drag-coefficient correlation for spheres.Experiments with benzoic acid and 2-napthol showed an effect of driving force and hence flux on the JD values. Mass transfer did occur in saturated solutions having zero driving force. When one subtracted the amount of mass transfer at zero driving force from the values at other driving forces, the corrected JD values at different driving forces were the same for a given solute. Possible explanations may be the effect of extreme turbulence on crystallization or physical attrition.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050212
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  • 35
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    Electronic Resource
    Engineering applications of relaxation procedures by digital computation (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 111-115 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A generalized computing method is developed to perform mathematical “relaxation” on a Datatron digital computer. The application of the developed relaxation or iteration procedures results in obtaining numerical solutions to several engineering boundary-value problems expressed by elliptic differential equations. The developed digital relaxation routine is found to be effective, fast, and practical in solving numerous steady-state heat and mass transfer problems with arbitrary and quite often complex boundary conditions. While the specific speed and accuracy of the developed digital method is found to depend upon the type of differential equation, the grid size, and computational tolerance requirements, a typical problem indicates that 250 iterations/min. speed and 1% accuracy may be achieved in an average case.The examples presented in this paper are chosen from the more classical heat transfer and temperature and pressure distribution problems in order to indicate some other areas where similar engineering problems can be solved however complex the boundary conditions may be.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050123
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  • 36
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    Erratum (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 134-135 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050130
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  • 37
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    Viscous flow theory I, laminar flow, Shih-I Pai, D. Van Nostrand Company, Inc. 384 Pages (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 9M 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050134
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  • 38
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Flow characteristics in horizontal fluidized solids transport (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 263-267 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The flow characteristics of dense solid-gas mixtures transported through horizontal pipes were studied with glass beads and coal powders of various sizes (0.0028 to 0.0297 in.) in 1/2-, 3/4- and 1-in. glass pipes and a 1/4-in. steel pipe. Fluidized-bed feeders were utilized, thus permitting solid-gas ratios considerably higher (range 80 to 750) than those possible with conventional pneumatic transport. When such high solid-gas ratios are used, the flow of mixtures in transport lines is characterized by a large amount of slippage between gas and solids. The flow pattern is dicussed on the basis of visual observation through glass pipes.A simple and interesting velocity relationship was noted, namely that the average gas velocity is about twice as large as the average solid-particle velocity. The solid-particle velocities and solid loadings in the pipe line were found to be primary factors affecting pressure drops, and the particle sizes and shapes, on the other hand, exerted a very slight effect on the pressure drops. This is apparently due to the fact that the solids move predominantly in the bottom of the pipes as agglomerated masses rather than as individually suspended particles. A pressure-drop correlation for the dense solid-gas mixtures is proposed, and applications and limitations of the correlation are shown.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050225
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  • 39
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    Electronic Resource
    Diffusion in a pore of irregular cross section - a simplified treatment (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 270-271 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050229
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  • 40
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    Modern mathematics for the engineer, E. F. Beckenbach, et al, University of California Engineering Extension Series, Mcgraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., New York (1958). 514 pages. $7.50. (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 274 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050233
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  • 41
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Turbulent flow of non-newtonian systems (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 189-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A theoretical analysis for turbulent flow of non-Newtonian fluids through smooth round tubes has been performed for the first time and has yielded a completely new concept of the attending relationship between the pressure loss and mean flow rate. In addition, the analysis has permitted the prediction of non-Newtonian turbulent velocity profiles, a topic on which the published literature is entirely silent.To confirm the theoretical analysis, experimental data were taken on both polymeric gels and solid-liquid suspensions under turbulent-flow conditions. Fluid systems with flow-behavior indexes between 0.3 and 1.0 were studied at Reynolds numbers as high as 36,000. All the fully turbulent experimental data supported the validity of the theoretical analysis. The final resistance-law correlation represents a generalization of von Karman's equation for Newtonian fluids in turbulent flow and is applicable to all non-Newtonians for which the shear rate depends only on shear stress, irrespective of rheological classification. All the turbulent experimental data for the non-Newtonian systems were correlated by this relationship with a mean deviation of 1.9%.
    Additional Material: 20 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050214
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  • 42
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Liquid-side mass transfer coefficients in packed towers (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 235-239 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The physical absorption of gas by water in a tower packed with Raschig rings has been investigated. The liquid-side mass transfer coefficient which was separated by dividing the capacity coefficient by the wetted surface area is discussed from the standpoints of the two-film and penetration theories. A new and simpler dimensionless group is presented which correlates about 90% of the data reported, including the author's own, within an accuracy of ±20%.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050220
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  • 43
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    Electronic Resource
    Heat transfer and fluid dynamics in mercury-water spray columns (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 257-262 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Heat transfer and fluid dynamics were studied in columns in which hot mercury was sprayed into a rising stream of water. Volumetric and area heat transfer coefficients are presented which were found to be lower than those reported for heat transfer from fixed spheres.It was observed that considerable water bypassed the stream of drops, while some surrounding the drops flowed downward. This behavior resulted in water temperatures at the base of the column which were considerably higher than the inlet water temperatures. Consequently the outlet mercury temperature did not approach the inlet water temperature as a limit. The very unconventional flow pattern of the water was unexpected and is believed to be an important factor in spray-column heat transfer and mass transfer kinetics.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050224
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  • 44
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Slot capacity of bubble caps (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 271-273 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050230
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  • 45
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    Elements of gasdynamics, H. W. Liepmann and A. Roshko, John Wiley & Sons, 439 pages. $11.00 (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 8J 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050234
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  • 46
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050301
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  • 47
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    Recent Advances in the Engineering Sciences, Proceedings of Conference on Science and Technology for Deans of Engineering, Purdue University, September, 1957, McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., New York (1958). 257 pages. $4.75. (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 10S 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050305
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  • 48
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    The phase behavior and solubility relations of the benzene-water system (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 285-289 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In order to contribute to knowledge of the nature of the phase behavior of partially miscible liquid systems, a study of the benzene-water system was undertaken. The pressures at liquid- and vapor-phase boundaries of fifteen mixtures of benzene and water were determined within the temperature range of 200 to 357°C. Along with a complete numerical tabulation, these data are presented graphically as pressure-temperature, pressure-composition, and temperature-composition phase diagrams to show the nature of the boundaries.Up to the three-phase critical end point, the benzene-water system develops in a manner usually ascribed to a partially miscible system in which the vapor compositin at a point of univariance lies intermediate to the two liquid compositions. The three-phase critical end point occurs at 1,364 1b./sq. in. abs. and 268.3°C., and the composition of the critical phase is 25.8 weight % water, with the remaining liquid phase 92.8 weight % water.The pressure, temperature, and composition of the critical solution end point are deduced as 2,300 1b./sq. in. abs., 306.4°C., and 59 weight % water, respectively. At temperatures between these two critical points the phase behavior is likened to that of a dense gas or fluid dissolved in a liquid. Definite limiting values of temperature and pressure are assignable to this behavior by the extension of the three-phase curve up to the critical solution end point. This extended curve is not a phase boundary, but the temperature and pressure at a given point on the curve represents in a mixture of fixed composition the limit of mutual solubility of the benzene-rich fluid phase and the water-rich phase. At a temperature above or a pressure below the given point the liquid phase begins to vaporize.Above the critical solution end point the vapor-liquid phase boundaries are like those of a normal binary mixture.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050307
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  • 49
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    Effect of liquid on interparticle forces in gas-fluidized beds (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 314-318 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In an investigation of the behavior of an air-fluidized bed of glass spheres under varying interparticle forces, the results obtained are explained by hypothesizing the coexistence of particulate and aggregative fluidization. As interparticle forces are increased, a greater portion of the particles are in aggregative fluidization, resulting in a decrease in bed height. In this study water added to the fluidizing air increased the interparticle forces. Up to 0.5 mass % water was used, with a fluidized bed of glass spheres 0.013 to 0.035 in. in diameter. The resulting decrease in bed height has been correlated by means of a theoretical equation for the increase in interparticle forces due to the added water.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050313
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    Masthead (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050401
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    Conservation and engineering: II. Utilization of land (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 411-411 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050402
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  • 52
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    Evaporation rates of liquids to flowing gas streams (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 413-418 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The influence of high concentration gradients and high evaporative velocities on rates of mass transfer was studied by evaporating liquids into low-speed inert gas streams at pressures approaching the vapor pressure of the liquids.Inert gas concentration in some experiments changed nearly fivefold across the boundary layer. The velocity normal to the surface (owing to evaporation), usually neglected in comparison with main-stream velocity, varied from 0.038 to 19 times the main-stream velocity.The data for air-water, air-carbon tetrachloride, air-chlorobenzene, and helium-chlorobenzene systems were represented within experimental error over the Graetz number range of 0.1 to 1,800 by the flat-duct equations of Butler and Plewes (2) and also by the usual dimensionless plots.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050404
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  • 53
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    Void fractions in two-phase flow (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 427-432 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Void fractions (fraction of the flow cross-sectional area occupied by the gas phase) have been measured for steam-water flows in an adiabatic, horizontal test section of 0.484 in. I.D. at 400, 600, 800, and 1,000 1b./sq. in. gauge. A comprehensive survey of void data for two-phase concurrent flow is included in the paper, and the data, including the Martinelli and homogeneous flow model predictions, are compared. System characteristics, involving one- and two-component flows in horizontal and vertical test sections with and without heat transfer over a range of flow ratios, total flow rates, and pressure, are too complex, and the data available are neither extensive nor precise enough to warrant the generation of over-all correlations. Use of the void data in correlating two-phase frictional pressure drops is discussed. A model has been presented for the prediction of critical flows based upon the void data, and calculations have been made for steam-water critical flows over a range of critical pressures from 15 to 2,000 1b./sq. in. abs.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050406
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  • 54
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    Heat transfer by radiation through porous insulations (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 467-474 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Radiant transfer through fibrous and foamed insulating materials was investigated theoretically and experimentally. Transmission measurements were made under isothermal conditions with a black-body source varying from 200° to 800°F. Bulk density and fiber and pore size were also varied. These data were interpreted successfully in terms of a simple theoretical model. The results provide design information and define the contributions of the several mechanisms of transfer.
    Additional Material: 19 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050413
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    Theory of solvent extraction of phosphoric and hydrochloric acids (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 379-384 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Mixtures of hydrochloric and phosphoric acids were extracted from aqueous solution by organic solvents in a study to advance the theories of solvent extraction.Four solvents, t-amyl alcohol, n-butanol, cyclohexanol, and 2-hydroxyethyl, n-hexyl ether, were found to give high distribution coefficients of 0.1 to 0.5 for both acids. In studies using the ether type of solvent an increase of the pH of the aqueous phase from 0 to 10 reduced the distribution ratio of phosphoric acid by a factor of 1,100.The substitution of hydriodic acid for hydrochloric caused a 42% increase in the K of phosphoric acid, which could indicate the importance of internal pressure of the additive in extraction. Measurements of activity coefficients of the hydrochloric acid in aqueous solution showed only a 1% increase in its activity coefficient with addition of large amounts of phosphoric acid. This could not be sufficient to cause up to a 40% increase in the distribution coefficient of the hydrochloric acid with the addition of the phosphoric acid.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050324
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    The uselessness of raffinate reflux (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 406-406 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050330
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    The uselessness of total reboiling (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 407-407 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050331
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  • 58
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    Vapor-liquid equilibria and heat of mixing: n-octane-ethylbenzene-cellosolve system (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 8S 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050335
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    Liquid-side mass transfer coefficients in packed towers (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 8S 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050336
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    Some properties of polar substances: A survey (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 436-439 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The current understanding of the macroscopic (bulk) properties of polar substances in terms of molecular theory, or the correlation of them in terms of corresponding-states principles is summarized.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050408
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    Performance of a reciprocating-plate extraction column (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 446-452 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An open type of reciprocating-plate extraction column was developed, and it is proposed that the scaling up of such a column should be straightforward; that is, the height of an equivalent theoretical stage (H.E.T.S.) and the throughput per unit area should be independent of the diameter of the column.Plates having 5/8-in.-diameter holes and 62.8% free space were selected to minimize the resistance to countercurrent flow in the column. With this design low H.E.T.S. values were achieved at throughputs much higher than those reported for other columns. Thus for two systems the present column was shown to require the lowest volume of column to accomplish a given extraction job. Data were obtained in a 3-in.-diameter column on two systems, methyl isobutyl ketone-acetic acid-water and o-xylene-acetic acid-water. Throughputs studied on the first system ranged from 547 to 1,837 gal./hr./sq. ft., and the corresponding minimum H.E.T.S. values achieved were 4.3 and 7.5 in. respectively. For the second system minimum H.E.T.S. values of 7.7 and 9.1 in. were attained at throughputs of 424 and 804 gal./hr./sq. ft. respectively.Extraction column design procedures are discussed. The fabrication of the reciprocating-plate column is relatively simple, and this should encourage its use first in pilot-scale sizes and ultimately in large-scale columns.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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    An experimental study of diffusion-controlled reactions in a laminar boundary layer (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 483-485 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A brief review is presented of the theoretical solution obtained by the authors to the problem of a rapid second-order reaction in the incompressible laminar boundary layer on a flat plate. An experimental system is described for investigating reactions of this type, specifically the dissolution of plates and cylinders of benzoic and cinnamic acids in aqueous solutions of sodium and potassium hydroxide. Experimental data are reported in terms of a reaction factor, that is the ratio of the transfer rate with reaction to that in the absence of reaction. The reaction factor is independent of position. The theory closely predicts the reaction factor for cylinders as well as for flat plates. Data obtained by other investigators for packed beds can also be correlated although less successfully.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050415
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  • 63
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    Transfer resistance and fluid mechanics (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 502-505 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Pure liquids were evaporated in a wetted-wall column into flowing streams of air to investigate the thickness and transfer resistance of gas films.It was found necessary to express Reynolds number relative to the liquid surface to correlate transfer with gas flow.Laminar and buffer layers in the gas phase were calculated from fluid-flow principles and compared to the effective film thickness calculated from mass transfer and molecular diffusivity. Good agreement was obtained, indicating applicability of fluid mechanics to mass transfer problems.Eddy diffusivity was indicated to have a negligible effect upon the total resistance to transfer. Consequently it might be concluded that in packed towers where distances in the turbulent phase are shorter transfer between phases depends almost entirely upon molecular diffusivity.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050418
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  • 64
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    Reaction rates in the synthesis of ammonia (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 539-544 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A study has been made of the reaction rates of mixtures of hydrogen and nitrogen to form ammonia over a doubly promoted iron catalyst at 400° and 450°C. and at pressures up to 1,000 atm. In this work particular care has been taken to obtain data representing the true kinetics of the reaction. The reactor used was essentially isothermal, and the effects of diffusion have been reduced to a minimum. The results have been correlated by the use of the mechanism proposed by Temkin and Pyschev (19) with moderate success.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050424
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    Center-line value of the eddy viscosity (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 566 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050430
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  • 66
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    The culture vultureReprinted from Chemistry & Industry (Sept. 13, 1958) by permission of the editor, William E. Dick. (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 1-1 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050102
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    Nonequilibrium thermodynamics: A survey (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 20-25 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This paper presents a review of the field of thermodynamics of irreversible processes. The three essential steps in the use of this form of thermodynamics are the calculation of the entropy production, the setting up of the linear phenomenological equations, and the use of the Onsager reciprocal relation. The most important applications are to the transport processes, especially to the coupling phenomena which occur when two or more such processes take place in the same system.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050106
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    The study of flow and reaction rates in turbulent flames (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 37-46 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: It is proposed that measurements of reaction rate as a function of position within turbulent flames be the basis of an approach to the problem of turbulent-flame propagation. As a test of the method, measurements of static pressure, impact pressure, and chemical composition were made at several positions within the burning zones of two simulated ramjet combustion chambers. From these measurements a complete mapping of compositions, velocity components, densities, and static pressures could be carried out. By calculation of the appropriate derivatives of the latter quantities, the differential form of the equation of continuity for the species desired could be solved for net reaction rate as a function of position, turbulent diffusion being neglected. By a similar technique the equation of momentum was used to obtain eddy viscosities. The latter results were used to estimate the effect of turbulent diffusion by assuming a turbulent Schmidt number of unity.It is concluded that the method of attack used is a reasonable approach to the problem of turbulent flame propagation, having a special advantage in that it can be used to discover relationships between the rate of reaction and the patterns of the mean flow.
    Additional Material: 20 Ill.
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  • 69
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    Theoretical plate concept in chromatography: Part II (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 69-72 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Part A of this paper is essentially a continuation of a previous paper on the theoretical plate concept in chromatography (4). It deals with some special cases of eluting conditions and zone shapes. A more general equation, which combines both elution and deposition, is derived, and methods for approximating a continuous zone by means of a discontinuous one are discussed.Part B discusses the effect of the finite size of samples and the dead free volume at the bottom of the column on the shape of elution curves. The effect of representative sample volumes is calculated, and the deviation between the experimental and the true elution curves is illustrated.A simple expression for the number of theoretical plates utilizing the ratio between the maximum concentrations at the top and bottom of the column is derived and corrected for the effect of the finite size of samples.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050115
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    Heat and mass transfer from wall to fluid in packed beds (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 79-85 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Experiments of heat and mass transfer from the tube wall to the fluids flowing through the packed beds were carried out separately. In heat transfer air was used as the fluid, and several kinds of solid particles with low and high thermal conductivities were investigated to determine effective thermal conductivities and wall heat transfer coefficients. In mass transfer the dissolution rate of the coated material on the inner wall of the packed tube to the water stream was measured, and wall mass transfer coefficients were analyzed. It was found that a close similarity exists between the JH and JD factor for the wall coefficients in the turbulent-flow region.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050118
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    Kinetics of the thermal decomposition of calcium carbonate (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 115-122 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050124
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    Physical and thermodynamic properties of trifluoromethane (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 125-129 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050126
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    Theoretical explanation of heat transfer in laminar region of bingham fluid (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 130-133 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: From time to time, A.I.Ch.E. Journal presents translations of certain technical articles written by our Japanese colleagues in their own language. These translations are made by Kenzi Etani, who received his B.S. in chemical engineering in 1953 at the Tokyo Institute of Technology and his M.S. in 1955 at M.I.T. He is associated with Stone & Webster and is an associate member of American Institute of Chemical Engineers. He is also a member of the Society of Chemical Engineers, Japan, and the Japan Oil Chemists' Society. His offer to help break down the language barrier is acknowledged.The following article was published in Chemical Engineering (Japan), 21, pages 17-25 (1957).Abstracts, notation, literature cited, tables, and figure captions not published here appear in English in the original paper. No figures will be reproduced in these translations.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050127
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    Fluidized-bed heat transfer correlation (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 7M 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050133
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    The sea and the A. E. C. (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 137-137 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050202
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    Effect of a volume heat source on free-convection heat transfer (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 150-154 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Heat transfer to a horizontal cylinder from an ordinary fluid containing a volume heat source was studied analytically. The first approach to this problem was to assume that the heat source existed only in the boundary layer surrounding the cylinder. By solving the equations for a vertical flat plate cooling the ambient fluid and applying the results to a horizontal cylinder, one could determine the effect of a volume heat source on the heat transfer coefficient for the cylinder case. The variables studied were volume heat sources from 0 to 300 B.t.u./(sec.)(cu. ft.) and temperature difference across the boundary layer in the range 20° to 100°F.In the laminar-flow region a volume heat source was found to increase the heat transfer coefficient for any given temperature difference across the boundary layer. This increase, due to the decrease in boundary-layer thickness caused by the volume heat source, was moderate, being about 20% for a 1 1/4-in. O.D. cylinder with a heat source strength of 100 B.t.u./(sec.) (cu. ft.) and a temperature difference across the boundary layer of 20°F.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050205
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    Factors affecting density transients in a fluidized bed (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 169-174 
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    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The effects of five operating variables on the uniformity of fluidization in a 4-in.-diameter column were determined by a statistically designed experiment. Density fluctuations inside the bed were measured by a capacitance method. Certain parts of the experiment were repeated in a 24-in.-diameter column for comparison with the 4-in.-column data.In the 4-in. column gas velocity had by far the greatest effect on uniformity, with uniformity generally decreasing with an increase in gas velocity. This is consistent with the theory that most gas introduced in excess of the rate for incipient fluidization passes through the bed in the form of various-sized bubbles. Better uniformity at the lower bed level indicates that bubbles grow in size as they proceed up the column. An entirely different gas-flow pattern was indicated in the 24-in. column.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050210
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    Characteristics of transition flow between parallel plates (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 204-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Measurements of pressure drop and mean local fluid velocities have been made in a smooth rectangular duct of large aspect ratio. Data have been taken on the steady, isothermal flow of water at room temperature in the viscous, transition, and lower turbulent ranges of flow. Impact probes were installed in the center of the stream, where flow between infinitely broad parallel plates was closely approximated. The limits of the transition range are discussed, and mean local fluid velocities are correlated. Comparison is made with transitional behavior in smooth tubes.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050215
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  • 79
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    Chromatographic columns containing a large number of theoretical plates (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 223-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: To obtain numerical answers for the concentration distribution of solute on a chromatographic column or in the effluent, tables and charts of the Poisson distribution are used. Their use however is limited to a small number of theoretical plates. The transformation of the Poisson to the normal distribution enables the calculations to be performed for any number of theoretical plates through the use of the normal distribution tables.Equations derived previously for columns containing a large number of plates and employing elaborate mathematical procedures and approximations have been simply deduced by applying a limit property of the Poisson distribution to the exact equations.A relationship between the Poisson and normal distribution is derived, and charts are drawn which allow the rapid evaluation of the Poisson in terms of the normal values.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050218
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  • 80
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    Turbulent liquid flow down vertical walls (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 245-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Photoggraphic methods have been used to study the behavior of water flowing freely down vertical surfaces under the influence of gravity at Reynolds numbers between 200 and 30,000. The physical appearances of the liquid layers in transitional and fully turbulent flow have been noted. Layer thicknesses have been obtained from high-speed photographs and correlated with liquid Reynolds numbers, the range of experimental data thus being extended into the fully turbulent region. A simple basis of comparison with flow between parallel plates has been developed.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050222
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  • 81
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    Physical interpretation of the relaxation method in heat conduction (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 268-269 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050227
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  • 82
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    Effective diffusivity of packed bed (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 267-268 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: From time to time, A.I.Ch.E. Journal presents translations of certain technical articles written by our Japanese colleagues in their own language. These translations are made by Kenzi Etani, who received his B.S. in chemical engineering in 1953 at the Tokyo Institute of Technology and his M.S. in 1955 at M.I.T. He is associated with Stone & Webster and is an associate member of American Institute of Chemical Engineers. He is also a member of the Society of Chemical Engineers, Japan, and the Japan Oil Chemists' Society. His offer to help break down the language barrier is acknowledged.Abstracts, notation, literature cited, tables, and figure captions not published here appear in English in the original paper. No figure will be reproduced in these translations.The following article was published in Chemical Engineering (Japan), 21, pages 17-25 (1957).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050226
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  • 83
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    Heat transfer (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 269-270 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050228
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  • 84
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    Engineering materials handbook. Charles L. Mantell, editor. Mcgraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., New York (1957). 1936 pages. $21.50. (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 273-274 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050232
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  • 85
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    Conservation and engineering: I. Dreams and reality (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 275-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050302
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  • 86
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    Rate constants and molecular structure (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 277-284 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The methods of relating parameters in the Arrhenius rate equation to fundamental molecular properties are briefly reviewed. The limited applicability of purely theoretical methods is noted, the use and limitations of the standard semiemprical method are surveyed, and recent work based on empirical molecular structure and spectroscopy is described in detail. The recent method makes no attempt to calculate activation energy, but within a limited range of cases it does provide a reliable method of estimating the preexponential factor in the Arrhenius equation and calculating the kinetic isotope effect. In this way the method provides a check on the credibility of experimental data and on the assignment of mechanism. If the mechanism is correct, it provides a method of estimating activation energy from rate data taken at only one temperature. Further developments of this method are anticipated.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050306
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  • 87
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    Effective collision diameters and correlation of some thermodynamic properties of solutions (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 301-303 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Volumetric data on gas mixtures and vapor-phase data for gas-liquid equilibria have been correlated within the framework of the theory of corresponding states. An expression based on the London potential for dispersion forces was used to compute characteristic temperatures for various binary systems, and a correlation was developed relating these temperatures to the polarizabilities, ionization potentials, and critical volumes of the pure components. The correlation shows how the molecular shape of a liquid affects its vapor-phase solubility. With the help of this correlation it is possible to make very good predictions of such gas-liquid equilibria as are required in high-pressure distillation, absorption, and petroleum hydrofining operations.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050310
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  • 88
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    Mechanism of drying thick porous bodies during the falling-rate period: II. A hygroscopic material (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 344-347 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A further analysis of the second falling-rate period in the drying of thick highly porous textile structures is made, this time in the case of drying wool, special attention being paid to the adsorbed water held by the wool in the air-dry region. As the solid-to-void ratio is low, the quantities of adsorbed water are small and have little effect on the general equilibrium. Values of thermal conductivity are calculated for wet wool.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050318
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  • 89
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    Experimental foundations of chemical engineering (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 354-360 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Fundamental knowledge consists of understanding not only the models which correlate and rationalized observations but also the quantity and quality of the observations. The degree of correlation attempted should be consistent with this quantity and quality.The scientist correlates and rationalizes observations primarily to broaden his general understanding of the physical universe, and his efforst at correlation are more often than not a way of speculating on the future experiments which should be undertaken to test his concepts. For this purpose he is often satisfied with accuracy to one order of magnitude. The engineer, faced with the design and operation of expensive equipment, is almost always interested in a much higher accuracy in his correlations.Virtually all existing data in the rate processes are forced into rationalizations based upon either potential-difference or potential-gradient models. The application of these models to systems of even relatively simple geometry gives rise to mathematical complexity beyond present analtic ability. Even so, our ability to measure and observe seems to be far below our ability to analyze. These two models have been used effectively in chemical engineering in the past and have served to organize a great deal of information in the rate processes. Present research efforts appear to be directed primarily toward filling in gaps in available data and in refining the application of the models. We seem to suffer from a lack of models to test and a lack of data designed to test critically the existing models. There is relatively little exploratory research in chemical engineering as compared, for example, to physics.When one views chemical engineering as a chain extending from economics, markets, mechanical design, process design, and process development to process research, the uncertainties inherent in some of the links easily involve variances of 50 to 80%. Under these circumstances it would appear that the present orientation of research is distributed much too heavily toward refinement of existing ideas and not nearly enough toward exploration.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050320
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  • 90
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    Studies of the cation exchange system Fe+++-H+: I. Equilibrium studies (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 391-393 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Equilibrium data are presented for the exchange of Fe+++ and H+ on a sulfonated polystyrene exchanger. The data cover solution concentrations from 0.05 N to 2 N in total cation for solutions having either nitrate or perchlorate ion as the common anion. The nitrate system shows irregular behavior because of complex ion formation, but for composition where such behavior is absent the equilibrium data can be correlated by equations based on the law of mass action. Equilibrium compositions for the perchlorate system can be correlated over the entire range studied by a single equation based on the law of mass action. Methods based on the law of mass action are presented for correlating or predicting equilibrium compositions for both systems.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050326
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  • 91
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    Film boiling of Helium I and other liquefied gases on single wires (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 403-406 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Heat transfer coefficients have been obtained for natural-convection film boiling of helium I on single wires with a diameter ranging from 5 to 50 μ. The measurements covered temperature differences of 30° to 1,000 °K. between the heating surface and the saturated liquid under atmospheric pressure. The results are correlated in dimensionless from (Nusselt number vs. the product of the Grashof and Prandtl numbers) and compared with data for nitrogen and measurements of other investigators on film boiling of liquefied gases.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050329
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  • 92
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    The ratio of fluids to solid temperature and/or concentration in fixed-bed processes (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 410-410 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050333
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  • 93
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    Solid-catalyzed reaction in a fluidized bed (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 419-426 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Results are presented for the solid-catalyzed hydrogenation of ethylene in fixed and fluidized beds. The effect of gas velocity, bed height, catalyst activity, particle size, and internal baffles on fluidized reactor efficiency are given, and Equations derived from a simplified mathematical model correlate the data.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050405
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  • 94
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    Expansion and contraction of an air-water mixture in vertical flow (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 440-445 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An experimental two-phase flow study was made on an air-water system at atmospheric pressure to obtain information on the effect of expansion and contraction of flow area on the relative velocity of the two phases. The data show that the relative velocity and hence the mean void fraction of the air-water mixture changed following either an expansion or contraction; however the magnitude of the change was not great and could be predicted by a semitheoretical equation. The air-water data are also compared with data taken from a steam-water system at 150 to 600 lb./sq. in. In addition, a photographic study was made of the transition zone, and phase distributions were obtained by the use of a radiation attenuation traversing technique.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050409
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  • 95
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    Vaporization of superheated drops in liquids (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 458-466 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The work reported in this paper is an outgrowth of an exploratory investigation of the feasibility of spray drying of materials in solution by using direct-contact heat transfer from a hot liquid rather than a gas to vaporize the solvent from the drops. Unexpectedly, it was found that drops suspended in a hot liquid had to be superheated to a very extreme degree in order to initiate vaporization. This effect was of such interest that the investigation was modified to a fundamental study of the vaporization of drops containing no dissolved solids. The results are closely related to problems of bubble formation in boiling, cavitation, and in the evolution of gases from supersaturated solutions. The experimental technique developed in this study is believed to be unique and capable of giving quite accurate data on homogeneous nucleation in superheated drops. After a discussion of the theory of homogeneous nucleation in pure liquids, the theory is extended to the formation of bubbles in superheated drops. The theoretical predictions were found to be in close agreement with the experimental results.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050412
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  • 96
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    Radiative and conductive heat transfer in a quiescent gas-solid bed of particles: Theory and experiment (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 486-496 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This paper concerns a study of radiation as a contributing mechanism in the transfer of heat between discrete solid particles. A theory for transfer in such systems is generalized to include planar-, spherical-, and cylindrical-bed geometries; because of the particulate nature of the system the generalization is given in terms of finite-difference equations. Transfer experiments were performed in a quiescent cylindrical bed with an axial heat source and a cylinderical containing-wall sink. Heat fluxes and radial-temperature profiles were measured. As the experiments were arranged, only modest temprature gradients were established between source and sink, but the ambient sink temperature was taken in steps from 100° to 1,000°C. For a bed of 3.8-mm.-diameter alumina spheres the ratio of heat transferred by radiation to that transferred by conduction was estimated to increase with average bed temperature from the order of 0.1 at 100°C., to 1.2 at 1,000°C. The effects of temperature on bed reflectivity and transmissivity and on apparent boundary-temperature discontinuities are discussed.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050416
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  • 97
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    Interfacial resistance due to thin films of alcohols and its effect on the rate of evaporation of water (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 510-513 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Measurements were obtained of the interfacial resistance due to thin films of straight-chain higher alcohols and their effect on the evaporation of water. This was done by passing preheated dry air at a constant rate over water in a beaker. Unlike previous studies both phases were stitted. Four alcohols, dodecyl, myristyl, cetyl, and stearyl, were studied. A large reduction in evaporation was observed when 0.00025 gm. of cetyl alcohol was added to 1 liter of water with gas-liquid interfacial area of 0.2015 sq. ft. A much higher amount of stearyl alcohol, 0.0006 g., was needed for commensurate effect. Resistance due to films of dodecyl and myristyl alcohols was neglibible. For the most part cetyl alcohol is the most effective of those tested. Plots are given of the pseudo mass transfer coefficients and interfacial resistances as a function of the amount of the various alcohols.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050420
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  • 98
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    Heterogeneous phase equilibria of the hydrogen sulfide-carbon dioxide system (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 545-551 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An experimental study on the system hydrogen sulfide-carbon dioxide was performed from the critical region to the solid-liquid-vapor region. For seven mixtures individual phase diagrams were determined by the establishment of dew, volume percentage liquid, hubble, critical, and triple points. A splendid study of this system had been reported earlier by Bierlein and Kay (1) for temperatures above 32°F. However from a temperature point of view this earlier work represents about one half of the phase diagram from the critical locus to the locus of triple points. Hence in this study particular attention was devoted to the lower temperature regions.Equilibrium constants were determined from 100 to 1,200 lb./sq. in. abs. Vapor and liquid equilibrium compositions from this investigation were compared with those obtained by Bierlein and Kay (1) at 20, 40, 60, and 80 atm.Solid-liquid-vapor loci were found to meet at a minimum temperature, lower than either of the individual pure component triple points, due to the formation of a eutectic mixture consisting of 12.5 mole % carbon dioxide. Vapor and liquid compositions in equilibrium with solid were established along the vapor-liquid-solid carbon dioxide and vapor-liquid-solid hydrogen sulfide loci.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050425
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  • 99
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    Chemical engineering progress symposium series abstracts (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 561-563 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The Chemical Engineering Progress Symposium Series is composed of papers on specific subjects conveniently bound in individual books, which are published at intervals. The books are 81/2 by 11 inches, paper covered, and cost as follows: “Computer Techniques in Chemical Engineering,” $3.00 to members, $4.00 to nonmembers; “Nuclear Engineering Part V,” $3.50 to members, $4.50 to nonmembers; “Adsorption, Dialysis, and Ion Exchange,” $3.50 to members, $4.50 to nonmembers. They may be ordered from the Secretary's Office, the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, 25 West 45 Street, New York 36, New York.The A.I.Ch.E. Journal will publish, from time to time, abstracts of the articles appearing in the Symposium Series volumes, beginning with volume 55.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050427
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  • 100
    Electronic Resource
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    Unsteady pseudoplastic flow near a moving wall (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 5 (1959), S. 565 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690050429
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