Library

X
feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • 1995-1999  (1,966)
  • 1955-1959  (3,078)
  • 1950-1954  (1,627)
  • 1890-1899  (8,112)
  • Inorganic Chemistry  (14,582)
  • Agrobacterium
  • transformation
Source
Material
Years
Year
Keywords
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Modular Vector for Agrobacterium Mediated Transformation of Wheat (1999)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology reporter 17 (1999), S. 323-331 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9818
    Keywords: Agrobacterium ; modular vector ; transformation ; wheat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Wheat (cv Chinese Spring) tissues were transformed using Agrobacterium tumefasciens and a new plasmid modular vector, pMVTBP. We constructed pMVTBP with unique restriction sites connecting (1) the CaMV 35S promoter, (2) a Kozak sequence, (3) the FLAG epitope, (4) the (His)6 epitope, (5) a coding region (for wheat TATA Binding Protein, wTBP) and (6) the CaMV 35S 3′UTR. This vector thus allows easy exchange of different regulatory or coding sequences. Explants of either germinating mature seeds, or immature embryos, were induced to callus for up to two weeks, treated with virulence-induced bacteria for one hour, then regenerated into plantlets. Transient expression of a GUS reporter gene, assayed at about one week, occurred in 10–12% of calluses. Expression of the FLAG-tagged wTBP was also detected, by immunostaining. Stable expression, by selective growth on geneticin, and by GUS expression at about six weeks, occurred in 1–2% of calluses, quite comparable to that achieved by other methods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007686408369
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transgenic almond (Prunus dulcis Mill.) plants obtained by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of leaf explants (1999)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 18 (1999), S. 387-393 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Key words Almond ; Prunus ; Transformation ; Agrobacterium ; Adventitious regeneration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Almond (Prunus dulcis Mill.) leaves were transformed with the marker genes gusA (β-glucuronidase) and nptII (neomycin phosphotransferase II) via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Bacterial strains and preculture of explants affected efficiency of gene transfer evaluated by transient expression assays. Following transformation, shoots were induced from primary explants on medium without kanamycin and exposed to selection 20 days after cocultivation. From 1419 original leaves, four shoots (A, B, C and D) were obtained that showed amplification of the predicted DNA fragments by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). After micropropagation of these shoots, only those cloned from shoot D gave consistently positive results in histochemical GUS detection and PCR amplification. Southern blot hybridisation confirmed stable transgene integration in clone D, which was also negative in PCR amplification of an Agrobacterium gene. Additional molecular analysis suggested that the remaining three shoots (A, B and C) were chimeric.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990050591
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymorphism in Polyamide of Dytek®-A and Dodecanedioic Acid (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 56 (1999), S. 1133-1140 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Keywords: branched diamine ; melting ; polyamides ; polymorphism ; transformation ; WXRD
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Our X-ray work of Dytek®-A, 2-methyl-pentamethylenediamine, containing polyamides shows polymorphism, whereas the polyamides with linear diamines do not. The polyamide of Dytek®-A and dodecanedioic acid, MPMD-12, is singled out for discussion and compared with the unbranched analogs of polyamides 6,12 and 5,12. Due to the presence of the -CH3 side group in the 2-position of the diamine, the polyamide MPMD-12 exhibits two stable crystal conformations. The new δ polymorph is not seen in linear polyamides 6,12 and 5,12. Studies by DSC polyamide MPMD-12 clearly illustrates at least two crystal forms, γ and δ, coexisting over a wide temperature range, and the isolation of each phase is possible by controlling temperature and time. The DMA modulus in the temperature region between the glass transition (or alpha relaxation) and melting transition shows strong dependence on the thermal history as demonstrated in a study of crystallization kinetics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1010105028316
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Green-fluorescent protein facilitates rapid in vivo detection of genetically transformed plant cells (1999)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 18 (1999), S. 707-714 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Key words Green-fluorescent protein ; Transformation ; Particle bombardment ; Agrobacterium ; Sugarcane
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Early detection of plant transformation events is necessary for the rapid establishment and optimization of plant transformation protocols. We have assessed modified versions of the green fluorescent protein (GFP) from Aequorea victoria as early reporters of plant transformation using a dissecting fluorescence microscope with appropriate filters. Gfp-expressing cells from four different plant species (sugarcane, maize, lettuce, and tobacco) were readily distinguished, following either Agrobacterium-mediated or particle bombardment-mediated transformation. The identification of gfp-expressing sugarcane cells allowed for the elimination of a high proportion of non-expressing explants and also enabled visual selection of dividing transgenic cells, an early step in the generation of transgenic organisms. The recovery of transgenic cell clusters was streamlined by the ability to visualize gfp-expressing tissues in vitro.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990050647
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Agrobacterium‐mediated transformation of lavandin (Lavandula x intermedia Emeric ex Loiseleur) (1999)
    Springer
    Transgenic research 8 (1999), S. 335-347 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9368
    Keywords: Agrobacterium tumefaciens ; ß‐glucuronidase ; lamiaceae ; lavandin ; neomycin phosphotransferase II ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Lavandin (Lavandula x Emeric ex Loiseleur) is an aromatic plant, the essential oil of which is widely used in the perfume, cosmetic, flavouring and pharmaceutical industries. The qualitative or quantitative modification of its terpenes‐containing essential oil by genetic engineering could have important scientific and commercial applications. In this study, we report the first Agrobacterium tumefaciens‐mediated gene transfer into lavandin. The transformation protocol was optimized by lengthening precultivation and cocultivation periods and by testing five different bacterial strains. We obtained transformed callus lines at a frequency of 40–70 with strains AGL1/GI, EHA105/GI and C58/GI. Transgenic shoots were regenerated from these kanamycin resistant calli and rooted on selective medium with 150 mg l-1 kanamycin. The final percentage of transgenic plants obtained varied from 3 to 9, according to the strain used, within 6 months of culture. The presence of the introduced β‐glucuronidase and neomycin phosphotransferase II genes was shown both by PCR and Southern blot analysis. Transgene expression was investigated using histoenzymatic β‐glucuronidase assays, leaf callus assays and RT‐PCR. Results showed that both β‐glucuronidase and neomycin phosphotransferase II genes were expressed at a high level in at least 41 of the transgenic plants regenerated. This efficient transformation strategy could be used to modify some genetic traits of lavandin (flower colour, pathogens resistance) and to study the biosynthesis of the major monoterpene components of its essential oil (linalool, linalyl acetate, camphor and 1,8‐cineole).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008948113305
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of the Bar Gene Confers Herbicide Resistance in Transgenic Lettuce (1999)
    Springer
    Transgenic research 8 (1999), S. 33-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9368
    Keywords: Lactuca sativa ; Agrobacterium tumefaciens ; bialaphos ; phosphinothricin acetyltransferase ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Resistance to bialaphos, a broad-spectrum herbicide, was introduced into Lactuca sativa cv. Evola by Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. A. tumefaciens strains 0310 and 1310, both carrying the bialaphos resistance (bar) and neomycin phosphotransferase (nptII) genes, were used for transformation. Primary transformants were selected on kanamycin sulphate-supplemented shoot regeneration medium. Integration of both transgenes was confirmed by non-radioactive Southern hybridisation. The hypervirulent plasmid ToK47 in A. tumefaciens strain 1310 generated multiple insertions of T-DNA in some transgenic plants; the absence of pToK47 (strain 0310) resulted in single gene inserts in all plants tested. Resistance to glufosinate ammonium was observed in axenic seedlings grown on medium supplemented with the herbicide at 5 mg l−1 and in glasshouse-grown plants sprayed with the compound at 300 mg l−1. Stable expression of the bar gene was observed in R2 generation plants. The kanamycin resistance of R1 seedlings was observed by germinating seeds on medium supplemented with 200 mg l−1 kanamycin sulphate. The presence of NPTII protein and PAT enzyme activity were demonstrated by ELISA and PAT enzyme assay respectively. Transgenes segregated in a Mendelian fashion in some plant lines in the R1 generation; herbicide resistance also segregated in the expected ratio in the R2 generation in most transgenic lines. This study confirmed that an agronomically important transgene can be integrated and stably expressed over several generations in lettuce.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008891216134
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transformation of pasta wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) with high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit genes and modification of dough functionality (1999)
    Springer
    Molecular breeding 5 (1999), S. 377-386 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9788
    Keywords: Triticum turgidum L. var. durum ; pasta wheat ; transformation ; seed protein modification ; flour quality improvement
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Particle bombardment has been used to transform three cultivars (L35, Ofanto, Svevo) and one breeding line (Latino × Lira) of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum). These varieties were co-transformed with plasmids containing selectable and scorable marker genes (bar and uidA) and plasmids containing one of two high-molecular-weight (HMW) glutenin subunit genes (encoding subunits 1Ax1 or 1Dx5). Ten independent transgenic lines were recovered from 1683 bombarded scutella (transformation efficiency thus 0.6%). Five lines expressed either subunit 1Dx5 or 1Ax1 at levels similar to those of endogenous subunits encoded on chromosome 1B. To identify the effects of the transgenes on the functional properties of grain, three lines showing segregation for transgene expression were used to isolate sibling T2 plants which were null or positive for the transgene product. Analysis of these plants using a small-scale mixograph showed that expression of the additional subunits resulted in increased dough strength and stability, demonstrating that transformation can be used to modify the quality of durum wheat for bread and pasta making.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009681321708
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stable genetic transformation of white pine (Pinus strobus L.) after cocultivation of embryogenic tissues with Agrobacterium tumefaciens (1999)
    Springer
    Molecular breeding 5 (1999), S. 429-440 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9788
    Keywords: transgenic trees ; scaffold attachment region ; Agrobacterium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A genetic transformation procedure for white pine has been developed after cocultivation of embryogenic tissues with Agrobacterium tumefaciens. This efficient transformation procedure led to an average of four independent transformed lines per gram of cocultivated embryogenic tissue and up to 50 transformed lines can be obtained in a routine experiment. Constructs bearing the uidA gene or the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene were introduced and β-glucuronidase (GUS) activity was followed over time. The expression of the uidA gene was lowest with a 35S-gus-intron construct and was 20-fold higher with a 35S-35S-AMVgus::nptII construct. The addition of scaffold attachment region (SAR) sequences surrounding the gus::nptII fusion did not significantly enhance the GUS activity. Transformed mature somatic embryos have been germinated and plantlets are presently being acclimatized.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009683605841
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transformation of the endospermous legume guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) and analysis of transgene transmission (1999)
    Springer
    Molecular breeding 5 (1999), S. 521-529 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9788
    Keywords: Cyamopsis tetragonoloba ; β-lactamase inhibitor ; sulbactam ; transformation ; transgene stability ; transgenic guar
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A procedure for transformation of the large-seeded endospermous legume guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) and a study on transmission of the transgenes to offspring generations are presented. Using Agrobacterium tumefaciens with a T-DNA construct harbouring a β-glucuronidase gene (uidA) and a neomycin phosphotransferase gene (nptII), maximum transformation frequencies of cotyledonary explants were obtained using 145 mg/l kanamycin sulfate as selective agent. Carbenicillin and cefotaxime, used for the elimination of Agrobacterium after co-culture, displayed considerable toxicity to guar tissues but replacing most of these β-lactams by the non-phytotoxic β-lactamase inhibitor sulbactam as well as addition of thidiazuron and silver thiosulfate increased transformation frequencies up to 10-fold in total. The presence of the transgenes in the primary transformants was demonstrated by genomic DNA analysis of GUS-positive shoots. Chimaeric plants (5–10%) were identified by GUS analysis at the flowering stage and were discarded. Analysis of the R1 offspring from 17 independent transformants showed that in 41% of those, the uidA gene(s) was expressed and stably inherited consistent with Mendelian genetics. This was also found for the R2 and R3 generations of single copy transformants. On the other hand, a large proportion (47%) of the primary transformants gave R1 offspring in which 100% of the plants were GUS-negative. Analysis of these plants by PCR revealed that, at least, most of the transgene sequences were absent, suggesting that they had not been transmitted from the parent transformants. This occurred at similar high frequencies (40–50%) irrespective of the estimated copy number of the transgenes. Thus, major parts of the transgenes, even when present in multiple copies, displayed aberrant transmission, at a high frequency, in the process of going from the primary transformants to the first offspring generation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009602722423
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Partial male sterility in transgenic tobacco carrying an antisense gene for alternative oxidase under the control of a tapetum-specific promoter (1999)
    Springer
    Molecular breeding 5 (1999), S. 209-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9788
    Keywords: alternative oxidase ; antisense ; male-sterility ; tapetum-specific promoter ; tobacco ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The alternative oxidase of plant mitochondria is the terminal oxidase of the cyanide-insensitive respiratory pathway and is encoded by a nuclear gene. A 1 kb genomic fragment including exon 3 of the alternative oxidase was amplified by PCR from the genome of Arabidopsis thaliana. This fragment was connected to a tapetum-specific promoter in the antisense orientation and then introduced into tobacco. The pollen viability in three transgenic plants ranged from 2% to 60%. The reduced pollen viability cosegregated with the transgene in a selfed progeny. Immunolocalization of alternative oxidase protein in the immature flower bud section indicated that expression of alternative oxidase protein in tapetum of the transgenic plant was much lower than that of the non-transformant. The histological observation and protein gel-blot analysis showed that the development of pollen grains in the transgenic plant did not progress after the degradation of the tapetum, and the amount of alternative oxidase in pollen grains of the transgenic plant became lower than that of the non-transformant. These results suggested that the alternative oxidase activity in the tapetum has a significant effect on the pollen development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009606601521
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expansive Visibilization of Work: An Activity-Theoretical Perspective (1999)
    Springer
    Computer supported cooperative work 8 (1999), S. 63-93 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7551
    Keywords: activity theory ; action ; transformation ; expansive learning ; intervention ; visibilization ; health care ; medical records
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract Work is commonly made visible along two dimensions: the linear and the socio-spatial. Both are limited to depicting work in terms of relatively discrete actions. Activity theory introduces the crucial distinction between collective activity systems and individual actions. Expansive visibilization of collective activity systems offers a powerful intervention methodology for dealing with major transformations of work. The linear and the socio-spatial dimensions of work actions are seen in the broader perspective of a third, developmental dimension of work activity. Four steps are identified in a cycle of expansive visibilization, combining activity-level visions and action-level concretizations. The cycle is examined in detail as it unfolded in an intervention study at a children's hospital in Finland. It is concluded that expansive visibilization, driven by contradictions and seeking to reconceptualize the object and motive of work, is not a straightforward process which can be neatly controlled from above. Coherent analytical explanation and goal-setting may come only after the creation and practical implementation of innovative solutions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008648532192
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    REMI (Restriction Enzyme Mediated Integration) and its Impact on the Isolation of Pathogenicity Genes in Fungi Attacking Plants (1999)
    Springer
    European journal of plant pathology 105 (1999), S. 221-229 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8469
    Keywords: mutagenesis ; transformation ; plant disease ; recombination ; plant pathogenic fungi
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Development of molecular techniques for phytopathogenic fungi aims at the identification of fungal genes whose products are essential for successful infection of the host plant. Initial approaches have relied on isolating candidate genes and generating null-mutations by homologous recombination. Unfortunately, the results of this strategy have not been overly successful. This has led to a search for alternatives which allow an unbiased identification of pathogenicity genes. One method, which has proved successful in several systems, is a tagging mutagenesis procedure termed restriction enzyme mediated integration (REMI). In this mini-review we describe this procedure and review its features and results of its use when applied to the identification of fungal genes required for disease development in planta.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008757414036
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A mini binary vector series for plant transformation (1999)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 40 (1999), S. 711-717 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: Agrobacterium tumefaciens ; Arabidopsis thaliana ; binary vector ; T-DNA ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A streamlined mini binary vector was constructed that is less than 1/2 the size of the pBIN19 backbone (3.5 kb). This was accomplished by eliminating over 5 kb of non-T-DNA sequences from the pBIN19 vector. The vector still retains all the essential elements required for a binary vector. These include a RK2 replication origin, the nptIII gene conferring kanamycin resistance in bacteria, both the right and left T-DNA borders, and a multiple cloning site (MCS) in between the T-DNA borders to facilitate cloning. Due to the reduced size, more unique restriction sites are available in the MCS, thus allowing more versatile cloning. Since the traF region was not included, it is not possible to mobilize this binary vector into Agrobacterium by triparental mating. This problem can be easily resolved by direct transformation. The mini binary vector has been demonstrated to successfully transform Arabidopsis plants. Based on this mini binary vector, a series of binary vectors were constructed for plant transformation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006201910593
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Positive-negative selection and T-DNA stability in Arabidopsis transformation (1999)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 39 (1999), S. 83-93 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: Arabidopsis ; Agrobacterium ; T-DNA ; CodA ; positive-negative selection ; recombination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We have analysed the application of positive-negative selection for the selection of homologous recombination interactions between the chromosome and a T-DNA molecule after transformation of plant cells. Two different genomic loci in a cell suspension of Arabidopsis thaliana were chosen to study gene targeting events. One was the chalcone synthase (CHS) gene present as a single copy and the second an hemizygous chromosomally inserted T-DNA containing the hpt gene, conferring resistance to hygromycin, flanked by CHS sequences. The target lines were transformed with replacement-type T-DNA vectors which contained a positive selectable marker flanked by the regions of the CHS gene and a negative selectable marker to counter-select random insertions. As negative marker we used the Escherichia coli codA gene encoding cytosine deaminase, conferring upon the cells sensitivity to 5-flourocytosine (5-FC). Doubly selected transformants represent 1–4% of the primary transformed cells. Targeting events were not found at the chalcone synthase locus nor at the artificial hpt locus in a total of 4379 doubly selected calli, corresponding to at least 109 475 individual primary transformants. We show by PCR and Southern analysis that the 5-FC resistance in the majority of these cells is associated with substantial deletions of the T-DNA molecule from the right-border end.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006192225464
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Wnt Signalling in Mammalian Development and Cancer (1999)
    Springer
    Cancer and metastasis reviews 18 (1999), S. 215-230 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7233
    Keywords: transformation ; tumour ; Frizzled ; Dishevelled ; glycogen synthase kinase-3β
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Wnt signalling is involved in a variety of mammalian developmental processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation and epithelial–mesenchymal interactions, through which they contribute to the development of tissues and organs such as the limbs, the brain, the reproductive tract and the kidney. Wnts are secreted ligands that control cell processes via at least two pathways, one of which, the ‘canonical’ Wnt signalling pathway, operates through the cytosolic stabilisation of a transcriptional co-factor, β-catenin. This is achieved by downregulating the activity of a β-catenin turnover complex. Evidence from tumour expression studies, transgenic animals and in vitro experiments suggests that inappropriate activation of the canonical Wnt signalling pathway is a major feature in human neoplasia and that oncogenic activation of this pathway can occur at many levels. Inappropriate expression of the Wnt ligand and Wnt binding proteins have been found in a variety of human tumours. Further downstream, dysregulation of the β-catenin turnover complex, by loss of the Adenomatous Polyposis Coli or Protein Phosphatase 2A proteins, or by activating mutations of β-catenin, has been found in several tumour types, and is believed to be a key step in neoplastic progression. Transcriptional targets of the Wnt pathway include the cellular oncogenes cyclin D1 and c-myc. Activation of the Wnt signalling pathway by various means can therefore be a primary cause in oncogenesis, affecting cell proliferation, morphology and contact inhibition, as well as co-operating with other oncogenes in multistep tumour progression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006369223282
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Institutional transformation at South African universities: Implications for academic staff (1999)
    Springer
    Higher education 38 (1999), S. 275-290 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-174X
    Keywords: academic staff ; curriculum change ; equity ; governance ; staff development ; student needs ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract In South Africa the restructuring of the higher education system and the transformation of higher education institutions are located within the country's broad political and socio-economic transition to democracy. This paper focuses particularly on institutional transformation, and pays attention to the implications of the process of transformation for academic staff. The following five interlinked and interdependent issues characterizing institutional transformation in South African higher education are identified: democratising the governance structures of institutions increasing access for educationally and financially disadvantaged students restructuring the curriculum focusing on developmental needs in research and community service redressing inequalities in terms of race and gender. Although the overall effect of institutional transformation is experienced rather negatively by many academic staff members, the paper concludes that academics have to be empowered by means of staff development to remain active partners in the transformation process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003768229291
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anaerobic transformation of 1,1,1-trichloroethane by municipal digester sludge (1999)
    Springer
    Biodegradation 10 (1999), S. 297-305 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9729
    Keywords: abiotic ; biological ; cell-free extract ; chloroethane ; dechlorination ; 1,1-dichloroethane ; 1,1-dichloroethene ; digester ; methanogenic ; transformation ; 1,1,1-trichloroethane
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Anaerobic transformations of 1,1,1-trichloroethane (TCA), 1,1-dichloroethane (DCA), and chloroethane (CA) were studied with sludge from a lab-scale, municipal wastewater sludge digester. TCA was biologically transformed to DCA and CA and further to ethane by reductive dechlorination. TCA was also converted to acetic acid and 1,1-dichloroethene (11DCE) by cell-free extract. 11DCE was further biologically converted to ethene. This pathway was confirmed by transformation tests of TCA, DCA and CA, by tests with cell-free extract, and by chloride release during TCA degradation. With cell-free extract, acetic acid accounted for approximately 90% of the TCA transformed; tests with live cells indicate that the fraction of TCA transformed by this pathway decreased with lower biomass. The dechlorination of DCA to CA and CA to ethane was not stoichiometric. A high rate of TCA removal was observed under the experimental conditions. The results indicate that removal of TCA in anaerobic digestion should be complete, but DCA and CA could persist in a normally operating digester.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008336103968
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Urban development in East Germany — specific features of urban transformation processes (1999)
    Springer
    GeoJournal 49 (1999), S. 43-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9893
    Keywords: housing market ; suburbanisation ; transformation ; urban development ; urban renewal ; East Germany
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography
    Notes: Abstract The aim of this paper is to analyse the main characteristics of post-socialist urban development in East Germany, especially the differences compared to urban development in other East and Central European countries. In spite of the many similar problems and processes in urban development, specific features of East Germany are characterised by the rapid growth of suburbia, especially in the first phase of transition, by the proceeding activities of urban renewal and revitalisation, and by a lower level of social polarisation and socio-spatial segregation as compared to other post-socialist countries. Important conditions for urban development in East Germany exist in special support programmes, high subsidies and other financial transfers as well as in engaged planning conceptions of the local authorities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007016912703
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A promoter from sugarcane bacilliform badnavirus drives transgene expression in banana and other monocot and dicot plants (1999)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 39 (1999), S. 1221-1230 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: constitutive expression ; GFP ; GUS ; Musa ; ScBV ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A 1369 bp DNA fragment (Sc) was isolated from a full-length clone of sugarcane bacilliform badnavirus (ScBV) and was shown to have promoter activity in transient expression assays using monocot (banana, maize, millet and sorghum) and dicot plant species (tobacco, sunflower, canola and Nicotiana benthamiana). This promoter was also tested for stable expression in transgenic banana and tobacco plants. These experiments showed that this promoter could drive high-level expression of the β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene in most plant cells. The expression level was comparable to the maize ubiquitin promoter in standardised transient assays in maize. In transgenic banana plants the expression levels were variable for different transgenic lines but was generally comparable with the activities of both the maize ubiquitin promoter and the enhanced cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter. The Sc promoter appears to express in a near-constitutive manner in transgenic banana and tobacco plants. The promoter from sugarcane bacilliform virus represents a useful tool for the high-level expression of foreign genes in both monocot and dicot transgenic plants that could be used similarly to the CaMV 35S or maize polyubiquitin promoter.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006125229477
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Selectable marker-free transgenic plants without sexual crossing: transient expression of cre recombinase and use of a conditional lethal dominant gene (1999)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 40 (1999), S. 223-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: conditional lethal dominant gene ; Cre/loxP ; Nicotiana tabacum ; site-specific recombinase ; transformation ; transient expression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Transgenic tobacco plants were produced that contained single-copy pART54 T-DNA, with a 35S-uidA gene linked to loxP-flanked kanamycin resistance (nptII) and cytosine deaminase (codA) genes. Retransformation of these plants with pCre1 (containing 35S transcribed cre recombinase and hygromycin (hpt) resistance genes) resulted in excision of the loxP-flanked genes from the genome. Phenotypes of progeny from selfed-retransformed plants confirmed nptII and codA excision and integration of the cre-linked hpt gene. To avoid integration of the hpt gene, and thereby generate plants totally free of marker genes, we attempted to transiently express the cre recombinase. Agrobacterium tumefaciens (pCre1) was cocultivated with leaf discs of two pART54-transformed lines and shoots were regenerated in the absence of hygromycin selection. Nineteen of 773 (0.25%) shoots showed tolerance to 5-fluorocytosine (5-fc) which is converted to the toxic 5-fluorouracil by cytosine deaminase. 5-fc tolerance in six shoots was found to be due to excision of the loxP-flanked region of the pART54 T-DNA. In four of these shoots excision could be attributed to cre expression from integrated pCre1 T-DNA, whereas in two shoots excision appeared to be a consequence of transient cre expression from pCre1 T-DNA molecules which had been transferred to the plant cells but not integrated into the genome. The absence of selectable marker genes was confirmed by the phenotype of the T1 progeny. Therefore, through transient cre expression, marker-free transgenic plants were produced without sexual crossing. This approach could be applicable to the elimination of marker genes from transgenic crops which must be vegetatively propagated to maintain their elite genotype.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006184221051
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sequence and functional analysis of the left-hand part of the T-region from the nopaline-type Ti plasmid, pTiC58 (1999)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 41 (1999), S. 765-776 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: Agrobacterium ; Ti plasmid ; oncogenes ; e gene ; 3′ gene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The Agrobacterium tumefaciens nopaline strain C58 transfers a large, 29 kb T-DNA into plant cells during infection. Part of this DNA (the `common DNA') is also found on the T-DNA of octopine strains, the remaining DNA is nopaline strain-specific. Up to now, only parts of the C58 T-DNA and related T37 T-DNA have been sequenced. We have sequenced the remainder of the nopaline-specific T-DNA (containing genes a to d) and acs to iaaM. Gene c codes for a new unknown T-DNA protein. Gene a is homologous to the agrocinopine synthase gene. Genes b, c′, d and e are part of a larger family: they are related to the T-DNA genes 5, rolB, lso and 3′. Genes 5, rolB and lso induce or modify plant growth and have been called T-DNA oncogenes. Our studies show that gene 3′ (located on the TR-DNA of octopine strains) is also oncogenic. Although the b–e T-DNA fragment from C58 and its individual genes lack growth-inducing activity, an a-acs deletion mutant was distinctly less virulent on Kalanchoe daigremontiana and showed reduced shoot formation on Kalanchoe tubiflora. Shoot formation could be restored by genes c and c′ in co-infection experiments. Contrary to an earlier report, a C58 e gene deletion mutant was fully virulent on all plants tested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006370207379
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimisation of procedures for microprojectile bombardment of microspore-derived embryos in wheat (1999)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 57 (1999), S. 207-210 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: biolistics ; gene expression ; haploid ; transformation ; Triticum aestivum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Using the PDS-1000/He Biolistic® Particle Delivery System, the microprojectile travel distance, rupture disk pressure and DNA/gold particle concentrations were assessed in order to optimise short and longer-term β-glucuronidase reporter gene expression in microspore-derived embryos of wheat. The effects were also evaluated of using sterile filter paper to support explants and treatment with a high osmoticum medium (0.2 M mannitol/0.2 M sorbitol or 0.4 M maltose). In the optimised procedure, wheat microspore-derived embryos (MDEs), were placed on filter paper and incubated on medium containing 0.4 M maltose, for 4 h pre- and 45 h post-bombardment. Five μl pAHC25 (0.75 mg ml-1 in TE buffer) was precipitated onto 25 μl gold particles (60 mg ml-1 in sterile water), using 20 μl spermidine (0.1 M) and 50 μl CaCl2 (2.5 M). The particles were centrifuged and resuspended in 75 μl absolute ethanol prior to the preparation of 6 macrocarriers. A microprojectile travel distance of 70 mm, a rupture pressure of 1300 p.s.i., and a vacuum of 29′′ Hg were employed. Maltose at 0.4 M in the support medium was the most important factor influencing GUS activity in bombarded tissues. GUS activity, 1 day post-bombardment, reached 52 ± 17 GUS-positive foci/MDE (mean ± s.e.m, n=3), with 17 ± 4 foci/MDE at 15 days, giving a 3.0-fold increase (p〈0.05) compared to expression in MDEs bombarded on medium without a high osmoticum treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006384525513
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recovery of transgenic orchid plants with hygromycin selection by particle bombardment to protocorms (1999)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 58 (1999), S. 87-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: ß-glucuronidase ; dendrobium ; hygromycin phosphotransferase ; orchid ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Protocorms of orchid (Dendrobium hybrid) were transformed by microprojectile bombardment with a helium-pressured PDS 1000 particle gun. Gold particles coated with plasmid DNA containing ß-glucuronidase (GUS) and hygromycin phosphotransferase (Hpt) marker genes were used. Potentially transformed tissues were identified by active growth on MS medium supplemented with 50mg l-1 hygromycin. After 4–6 months of continuous selection, 15 hygromycin-resistant lines were recovered. Integration of transgenes into the genome of the transformed protocorms and plantlets were confirmed by GUS histochemical assay and Southern blot hybridization. The transgenic protocorms have gone through propagation for more than 8 months and maintained their transgenic characters. These results indicate that we have established a system for orchid transformation in a relatively high frequency and the transgenes are stably expressed in the transgenic plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006334605947
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation of state transition mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii by fluorescence video imaging (1999)
    Springer
    Photosynthesis research 61 (1999), S. 43-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5079
    Keywords: Chlamydomonas reinhardtii ; LHC II phosphorylation ; mutagenesis ; Photosystem II redox control ; state 2 to state 1 transition ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Oxygenic photosynthetic organisms adapt to varying light conditions by changing the distribution of light energy between Photosystem II (PS II) and photosystem I (PS I) during so-called state transitions. To identify the genes involved in this process, we have exploited a simple chlorophyll fluorescence video-imaging technique to screen a library of nuclear mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii for colonies grown on agar plates that are disturbed in their ability to regulate light energy distribution between PS I and PS II. Subsequent modulated fluorescence measurements at room temperature and 77 K fluorescence emission spectra confirmed that 5 mutants (0.025% of total number screened) were defective in state transitions. [32P]orthophosphate phosphorylation experiments in vivo revealed that in one of these mutants, designated stm1, the level of LHC II polypeptide phosphorylation was drastically reduced compared with wild type. Despite WT levels of PS I and PS II, stm1 grew photoautotrophically at reduced rates, compared with WT especially under low light conditions, which is consistent with an important physiological role for state transitions. Our results highlight the feasibility of video imaging in tandem with mutagenesis as a means of identifying the genes involved in controlling state transitions in eukaryotic photosynthetic organisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006229308606
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simple method for plasmid mediated transformation of different Bacillus species (1999)
    Springer
    Biotechnology techniques 13 (1999), S. 337-340 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6784
    Keywords: Bacillus ; plasmids ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract A simple and easy method for the introduction of plasmid DNA into different species of Bacillus was developed. The method involves the suspension in a transformation buffer of nutrient agar grown cells in their late exponential phase and the addition of unpurified plasmid DNA. Transformants were obtained at a frequency of about 103 to 105 stable transformants per μg of plasmid DNA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008941007983
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-Term Transformation and Redistribution of Potentially Toxic Heavy Metals in Arid-Zone Soils: II. Incubation at the Field Capacity Moisture Content (1999)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 114 (1999), S. 221-250 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Keywords: arid-zone soils ; field capacity ; fractionation ; heavy metals ; kinetics ; redistribution ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Solid-phase transformation of added Cd, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb and Zn, in two arid-zone soils incubated in the field capacity moisture regime for one year, were studied. The heavy metals were fractionated into six empirically defined fractions using a selective sequential dissolution (SSD) protocol optimized for arid-zone soils. Each of these fractions was named based on the major soil component targeted for dissolution during the specific SSD step, but it is not assumed that they are mineralogically and chemically totally specific. The transformations of the metals in the two soils incubated at the field capacity regime were compared with those at the moisture saturation regime (Han and Banin, 1997). An initial fast stage of transformation of the soluble metals from the exchangeable (EXC) fraction to the less labile fractions (the carbonate (CARB) fraction for Cd, Pb, Zn, Ni and Cu, and the organic matter (OM) fraction for Cr, and to some extent Cu and Ni) occurred during the fractionation and within one hour after addition. This was followed by a second stage, involving long-term transformation processes of all metals: added Cd was transferred from the EXC into the CARB fraction; added Cr was transferred from the CARB to the OM fraction and Pb was transferred very slowly to the easily reducible oxide (ERO) fraction. Added Cu, Ni and Zn were transferred from the EXC and CARB fractions into the ERO fraction and to some extent OM and RO fractions. In Part I of this series, we reported that during incubation in the saturated moisture regime, Zn and Ni were transferred mainly into the RO and OM fractions. Cadmium, Cr and Pb underwent the same transformation pathways during the slow long-term process, with slightly different rates, in both water regimes. At low levels of addition, the incubated soils moved over one year towards a distribution similar to that of the native soil. At higher levels, the soils still remained removed from the quasi-equilibrium which characterized the native soil, even at the end of one year of incubation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005006801650
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sorption Kinetics and Transformation of DDT in Sediment (1999)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 110 (1999), S. 57-66 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Keywords: DDT ; kinetic ; organic pollutant ; sediment ; sorption ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The overall objective of this study was to investigate the sorption kinetics of DDT in sediment under similar experimental conditions employed in corresponding toxicity studies for bentic organisms. A batch of aerated Schoonrewoerdse Wiel sediment, initially spiked with DDT, was sampled over a period of seven days. Concentrations of DDT, DDD and DDE were determined in both the solid and the solution phase in the sediment/water system after separation by centrifugation. It was found that the extractable amount of DDT decreased with increasing contact time. This can partly be explained in terms of transformation of DDT into DDD. Furthermore, the present applied extraction procedure seems to be less effective with increasing contact time, indicating an increase in binding strength of DDT with the sediment material. Finally, on the basis of DDT, DDE and DDD concentrations in both the solid phase and the solution phase, partition coefficients were calculated, which appeared to be independent of the contact time. This points at a very rapid equilibrating between DDT in pore water and in the extractable forms adsorbed at the solid phase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005087429581
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Environmental Risk Assessment for Pesticides in the Atmosphere; The Results of an International Workshop (1999)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 115 (1999), S. 5-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Keywords: atmospheric fate ; atmospheric transport ; deposition ; emission ; long-range transport ; pesticides ; registration ; remote area ; risk assessment ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The Health Council of the Netherlands organised an international workshop on the fate of pesticides in the atmosphere and possible approaches for their regulatory environmental risk assessment. Approximately forty experts discussed what is currently known about the atmospheric fate of pesticides and major gaps in our understanding were identified. They favoured a tiered approach for assessing the environmental risks of atmospheric dispersion of these chemicals. In the first tier a pesticide's potential for emission during application, as well as its volatilisation potential should be assessed. Estimates of the former should be based on the application method and the formulation, estimates of the latter on a compound's solubility in water, saturated vapour pressure and octanol/water partition coefficient. Where a pesticide's potential for becoming airborne exceeds critical values, it should be subjected to a more rigorous second tier evaluation which considers its toxicity to organisms in non-target areas. This evaluation can be achieved by calculating and comparing a predicted environmental concentration (PEC) and a predicted no-effect concentration (PNEC). By applying an extra uncertainty factor the PNEC can be provisionally derived from standard toxicity data that is already required for the registration of pesticides. Depending on the distance between the source and the reception area, the PEC can be estimated for remote areas using simple dispersion, trajectory type models and for nearby areas using common dispersion models and standard scenarios of pesticide use. A pesticide's atmospheric transport potential is based on factors such as its reaction rate with OH radicals. It should be used to discriminate between those compounds for which only the risks to nearby ecosystems have to be assessed, and those for which the risks to remote ecosystems also have to be determined. The participants were of the opinion that this approach is, in principle, scientifically feasible, although the remaining uncertainties are substantial. Further field and laboratory research is necessary to gain more reliable estimates of the physico-chemical properties of pesticides, to validate and improve environmental fate models and to validate the applicability of standard toxicity data. This will increase both the accuracy of and our confidence in the outcome of the risk assessment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005238703698
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evolution of gene transfer in bacteria (1999)
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 15 (1999), S. 1-6 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Keywords: Bacteria ; conjugation ; DNA ; evolution ; gene transfer ; transduction ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The transfer of genetic information by transformation, conjugation and transduction in bacteria occurs frequently in nature. These diverse gene transfer mechanisms in bacteria are the result of evolution and are not linked to reproduction as in eukaryotic organisms. In this review, gene transfer in bacteria will be considered from an evolutionary perspective.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008830914223
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 30
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biotransformation of cholesterol by Micrococcus species mediated by plasmid DNA (1999)
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 15 (1999), S. 411-415 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Keywords: Electroporation ; Micrococcus species ; steroid biotransformation ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract A steroid-biotransforming strain RJ6 was identified as Micrococcus roseus. This bacterium has a 10 kb plasmid pMQV10. Curing mediated through cultivation of the culture with a low concentration (200 ng/ml) of mitomycin C is described. Loss of cholesterol degradation (chol+) and streptomycin resistance (Smr) phenotypes as a consequence of the loss of plasmid indicate the extrachromosomal location of these two genes in this strain. An electroporation procedure was developed for transformation of cured strain of Micrococcus (RJC6) by plasmids. Frequency of greater than 105 transformants/μg DNA was achieved, which is 100-fold higher than the standard transformation procedure that yielded 5.3×103 transformants/μg DNA in the same strain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008990910303
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 31
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Airflow and temperature distribution in two-dimensional drying bins (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of engineering mathematics 36 (1999), S. 241-254 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2703
    Keywords: flows in porous media ; transformation ; heat transfer ; drying bins ; conformal mapping.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract The design of a drying or cooling store aims to provide an even airflow distribution, when aerated, for preservation purposes. The airflow in some curved bottom bins are studied in this paper. The flow is modelled, using Darcy's law. A generalized Schwarz-Christoffel transformation is employed to reduce the problem of computing streamlines and isobars of airflow to solving a single nonlinear equation for the flow angle along the wall. Corresponding to different bin shapes, a few computed streamlines and isobars of airflow are presented, showing the effect of changing bottom geometries on the air flow. Heat transfer in such bins is also investigated. Based on an analysis of the far field of airflow, finite-height bins are considered. Analytical solutions of the heat conduction equation in terms of streamlines and isobars are obtained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004488010532
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 32
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence of Migration and Endophytic Presence of Agrobacterium tumefaciens in Rose Plants (1999)
    Springer
    European journal of plant pathology 105 (1999), S. 39-50 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8469
    Keywords: Agrobacterium ; crown gall ; systemic infection ; rose ; endophyte
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Agrobacterium tumefaciens was isolated from stem tumors of several rose cultivars showing that the bacterium is the causal agent of aerial galls in rose plants. No differences were observed in the characteristics of the Agrobacterium isolates from crown or aerial galls. Stem inoculation of ten rose cultivars showed that all of them were susceptible to A. tumefaciens but differences in the size of the resulting tumors were observed. The movement of A. tumefaciens in rose plants was demonstrated using two wild type strains and two antibiotic resistant mutants. Three months after inoculation, the inoculated strains were recovered in the roots, crown and below and above the inoculation site but low numbers of pathogenic Agrobacterium cells were isolated. New tumors appeared in 5% of the noninoculated wounds. A. tumefaciens was isolated from the stem at different distances from the tumor in naturally infected plants. In symptomless commercial plants, the isolation from the roots, crown and at different stem levels demonstrated the existence of systemic and latent infections in rose. Direct isolation using a nonselective and selective media with or without a previous enrichment step were efficient methods for isolating tumorigenic Agrobacterium from the different parts of rose plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008660500107
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 33
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in morphology, cytoskeleton, and substrate dependence of proliferation after transfection of immortalized rat embryonic fibroblasts with E7 gene of type 16 human papilloma virus (1999)
    Springer
    Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine 127 (1999), S. 99-102 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8221
    Keywords: human papilloma virus ; transformation ; actin ; fibronectin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Transfection of rat embryonic fibroblasts with E7 gene of type 16 human papilloma virus changed the cytoskeleton and cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions in two clones of transformed cells. Cell morphology and substrate-dependent proliferation were also changed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02432813
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 34
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Origin and evolution of plasmids (1998)
    Springer
    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 73 (1998), S. 117-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: riboplasmids ; encapsidation ; pseudovirions ; selfish plasmids ; replicons ; ribozyme ; Agrobacterium ; Rhizobium ; grapevines ; L-tartrate ; lignin ; methoxyphenols ; satellite viruses ; opines ; crown gall ; T-DNA ; origin of replication
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Studies on the origin and evolution of plasmids may provide valuable insights on the promiscuous nature of DNA. The first examples of the selfish nature of nucleic acids are exemplified by primordial oligoribonucleotides which evolved into primitive replicons. The propagation of these molecules were likely patterned after the current viral RNA ribozymes, which have been recently shown to possess RNA synthesizing and template mediated polymerizing capabilities in the absence of proteins. The parasitic nature of nucleic acids is depicted by satellite nucleic acid molecules associated with viruses. The satellites of adenovirus and tobacco ringspot virus serve as established examples: they contain no open reading frames. Comparative analysis of the replication origins of virions and plasmids show them to be conserved, originating from the simplest autocatalytic replicon to highly complex and evolved plasmids, replicating by a rolling circle mechanism. The eventual association of proteins with nucleic acids provided added efficiency and protective advantages for molecular perpetuation. The promiscuous and selfish nature of plasmids is demonstrated by their ability to genetically engineer their host so that the host cell is best able to cope and survive in hostile environments. Survival of the host ensures survival of the plasmid. Sequestering of genes by plasmids occurs when the environmental conditions negatively affect the host. The sequestering mechanism is fundamental and forms the outreach mechanisms to generate and propagate macromolecules of increasing size when necessary for survival. The level of sophistication of plasmids increases with the addition of new genes such as those that allow the host to occupy a specific environment normally inhospitable to the host cell. The vast range of plasmid types which have obtained genes interchangeably reflect the levels of sophistication achieved by these macromolecules. The Ti plasmid in Agrobacterium tumefaciens and the pSym and accessory plasmids in Rhizobium illustrate the level of complexity attained by replicons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1000652513822
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 35
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    pBIN20: An Improved Binary Vector for shape Agrobacterium-mediated Transformation (1998)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology reporter 16 (1998), S. 129-131 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9818
    Keywords: Agrobacterium tumefaciens ; binary vector ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We report the construction of a binary vector for Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation, pBIN20, which contains a superlinker region located between the left and right Ti border sequences. This vector, derived from pBI121, simplifies the cloning of plant expression cassettes and has been used in our laboratory to create lines of transgenic BY-2 tobacco cells. This new vector contains more than 20 unique restriction sites as well as the nptII selectable marker gene within the Ti-DNA borders.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007444100898
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 36
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transformation and regeneration of Lobelia erinus using Agrobacterium tumefaciens (1998)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 18 (1998), S. 308-311 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Key words Campanulaceae ; Lobelia erinus ; Transformation ; Agrobacterium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A transformation/regeneration system was developed for the common garden Lobelia (Lobelia erinus). Using an Agrobacterium-based protocol, over 40 transformants have been generated with four different binary vectors. The explant source was hypocotyl-root sections from axenically grown seedlings. Stable transformation was demonstrated by Southern hybridization analysis, β-glucuronidase staining, and transmission of the T-DNA to progeny. This extends the ever-widening range of transformable plant species to the Campanulaceae and will allow molecular studies of development and physiology in this easily cultured and popular garden plant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990050577
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 37
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Factors affecting soybean cotyledonary node transformation (1998)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 18 (1998), S. 180-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Key words Soybean ; SAAT (sonication assisted Agrobacterium-mediated transformation) ; Agrobacterium ; Transformation ; KYRT1
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Cotyledonary node transformation efficiency was evaluated using a sonication assisted Agrobacterium-mediated transformation (SAAT) protocol, three dissimilar A. tumefaciens strains, and explants derived from 28 diverse cultivars and/or genotypes of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. The explants were evaluated at 10 and 45 days after co-cultivation for transformation with a binary vector containing both a GUS-intron gene and an NPTII selectable marker. The best overall strain of A. tumefaciens was determined to be KYRT1 based on stable GUS transformation of soybean cotyledonary node explants measured at the terminal 45 day evaluation point. SAAT did not increase stable transformation at 45 days post co-cultivation. SAAT was determined to significantly decrease shoot proliferation of some genotypes, but it is unclear what effect this may have on the recovery of transformed shoots. Significant differences were also detected between genotypes for transformation and shoot proliferation frequency.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990050553
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 38
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transgenic peppermint (Mentha×piperita L.) plants obtained by cocultivation with Agrobacterium tumefaciens (1998)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 17 (1998), S. 165-171 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Key words Peppermint ; Transformation ; Agrobacterium ; GUS ; Transgenic
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The first transgenic peppermint (Mentha×piperita L. cultivar Black Mitcham) plants have been obtained by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation by cocultivation with morphogenically responsive leaf explants. Basal leaf explants with petioles, from leaves closest to the apex of in-vitro-culture-maintained shoots (5 cm), exhibited optimal shoot organogenetic responsiveness on medium supplemented with thidiazuron (8.4 µm). Shoot formation occurred at sites of excision on the leaf blade and petiole either directly from cells of the explant or via a primary callus. Analyses of transient GUS activity data indicated that DNA delivery by microprojectile bombardment was more effective than Agrobacterium infection. However, no transgenic plants were obtained from over 22,000 leaf explants after particle bombardment. Cocultivation of leaf explants with Agrobacterium strain EHA 105 and kanamycin selection produced transgenic plants. Greater transient and stable -glucuronidase (GUS) activities were detected in explants or propagules transformed with the construct where gusA was driven by the pBISN1 promoter rather than a CaMV 35S promoter. Eight plants were subsequently regenerated and verified as transgenic based on detection of the nptII transgene by PCR and Southern blot analyses. The Southern analyses indicated that the plants were derived from eight unique transformation events. All transgenic plants appeared morphologically normal. Analyses of GUS activities in leaves sampled from different portions of these transgenic plants, 10 months after transfer to the greenhouse, indicated that six out of the eight original regenerants were uniformly transformed, i.e., did not exhibit chimeric sectors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990050372
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 39
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of Eucalyptus camaldulensis and production of transgenic plants (1998)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 17 (1998), S. 675-680 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Key words Genetic transformation ; Agrobacterium ; Eucalyptus ; Regeneration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract An efficient system for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of Eucalyptus camaldulensis and production of transgenic plants was developed. Transformation was accomplished by cocultivation of hypocotyl segments with Agrobacterium tumefaciens containing a binary Ti-plasmid vector harboring chimeric neomycin phosphotransferase and β-glucuronidase (GUS) genes. A modified Gamborg's B5 medium used in this study was effective for both callus induction and regeneration of transgenic shoots. This medium could also effectively maintain the organogenic capability of callus for more than a year. Culturing transgenic shoots in Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 0.1 mg ⋅ l–1 benzylaminopurine prior to root induction in rooting medium markedly increased the rootability of shoots that were recalcitrant to rooting. Histochemical assay revealed the expression of the GUS gene in leaf, stem, and root tissues of transgenic plants. Insertion of the GUS gene in the nuclear genome of transgenic plants was verified by genomic Southern hybridization analysis, further confirming the integration and expression of T-DNA in these plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990050464
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 40
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Activity of the CaMV 35S promoter in various parts of transgenic early flowering birch clones (1998)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 18 (1998), S. 243-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Key wordsBetula pendula ; Transformation ; Agrobacterium ; Gene expression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Early flowering together with small size would be useful for various biotechnical or genetic studies on trees. We report here the selection and micropropagation of early flowering birch (Betula pendula) clones (BPM1–12) obtained from seeds of birches bred elsewhere for early flowering. Under conditions that accelerate flowering (a high CO2 level, strong and continuous illumination), the first male inflorescences emerged in 3–5 months, the trees then being 20–80 cm high. Transgenic lines (CaMV 35S-GUS INT) were produced through Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer from BPM2, BPM5 and JR1/4 (a normally flowering birch). β-Glucuronidase (GUS) activities in the different lines, assayed 1–1.5 years after transformation, varied greatly. During further in vitro culture for 10 months, the activities decreased to 0.3–7% of the original values. GUS activities were detected in all organs studied, including the developing male inflorescences; the highest activity was in the roots.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990050564
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 41
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Space-time estimation of grid-cell hourly ozone levels for assessment of a deterministic model (1998)
    Springer
    Environmental and ecological statistics 5 (1998), S. 197-222 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3009
    Keywords: kriging ; non-separable space-time correlation ; spatial scale ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract We present an approach to estimate hourly grid-cell surface ozone concentrations based on observations from point monitoring sites in space, for comparison with grid-based results from the SARMAP photochemical air-quality model for a region of northern California. Statistical estimation is carried out on a transformed (square root) scale, followed by back-transforming to the original scale of ozone in parts per billion, adjusting for bias and variance. We estimate a spatially-varying diurnal mean structure and a non-separable space-time correlation structure on the transformed scale. Temporal pre-whitening is followed by modelling of a spatially non-stationary, diurnally-varying spatial correlation structure using a spatial deformation approach. Comparisons of SARMAP model results with the estimated grid-cell ozone levels are presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009663518685
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 42
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transformation of arctic bramble (Rubus arcticus L.) by Agrobacterium tumefaciens (1998)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 17 (1998), S. 822-826 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Key words Rosaceae ; β-Glucuronidase ; Regeneration ; Agrobacterium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Genetic transformation of arctic bramble (Rubus arcticus L.) was achieved utilizing a Ti-plasmid vector system of Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Internodal stem segments were inoculated with Agrobacterium strain EHA101 carrying a T-DNA with the CaMV 35 S promoter-gus-int marker gene from which β-glucuronidase (GUS) is expressed only in plants. Regenerants were produced on Murashige and Skoog medium. Growth of Agrobacterium was inhibited with cefotaxime. Kanamycin was used as the selective agent for the transformants. Regenerants were assayed by histochemical GUS staining, and by Southern analysis using a gus-int probe. Transgenic arctic bramble plants containing gus-int and expressing GUS were recovered. Expression has been stable for 3 years in micropropagation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990050491
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 43
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CaMV 35S promoter directs β-glucuronidase expression in the laticiferous system of transgenic Hevea brasiliensis (rubber tree) (1998)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 17 (1998), S. 621-625 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Key wordsHevea brasiliensis ; Agrobacterium ; CaMV 35S ; β-Glucuronidase ; Latex
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Hevea brasiliensis anther calli were genetically transformed using Agrobacterium GV2260 (p35SGUSINT) that harboured the β-glucuronidase (gus) and neomycin phosphotransferase (nptII) genes. β-Glucuronidase protein (GUS) was expressed in the leaves of kanamycin-resistant plants that were regnerated, and the presence of the gene was confirmed by Southern analysis. GUS was also observed to be expressed in the latex and more importantly in the serum fraction. Transverse sections of the leaf petiole from a transformed plant revealed GUS expression to be especially enhanced in the phloem and laticifers. GUS expression was subsequently detected in every one of 194 plants representing three successive vegetative cycles propagated from the original transformant. Transgenic Hevea could thus facilitate the continual production of foreign proteins expressed in the latex.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990050454
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 44
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic transformation and regeneration of mature tissues of woody fruit plants bypassing the juvenile stage (1998)
    Springer
    Transgenic research 7 (1998), S. 51-59 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9368
    Keywords: sweet orange ; Citrus ; woody ; transformation ; Agrobacterium ; mature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Regeneration and transformation systems from mature plant material of woody fruit species have to be achieved as a necessary requirement for the introduction of useful genes into specific cultivars and the rapid evaluation of resulting horticultural traits. We report here, for the first time, a procedure for genetic transformation and regeneration of mature tissues of woody plants that overcomes the long juvenile periods and high heterozygosity that are characteristic of most of these species. An improved regeneration frequency from mature explants was obtained by invigoration of the plant material through grafting of mature buds on juvenile seedlings. Co-cultivation of the explants in feederplates after inoculation with Agrobacterium tumefaciens resulted in enhanced transformation frequencies. Furthermore, in vitro shoot-tip grafting of the regenerated mature shoots on seedling rootstocks provided a rapid and efficient system for plant production. Citrus is the most extensivel y grown fruit crop worldwide and sweet orange (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) accounts for approximately 70% of the Citrus total production. Mature transgenic sweet orange plants have been obtained, which flowered and bore fruit in 14 months
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008855922283
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 45
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An efficient protocol for sugarcane (Saccharum spp. L.) transformation mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens (1998)
    Springer
    Transgenic research 7 (1998), S. 213-222 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9368
    Keywords: Saccharum ; Agrobacterium ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract This is the first successful report of the recovery of morphologically normal transgenic sugarcane plants from co-cultivation of calluses with Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Transformation frequencies (total of transgenic plants/number of cell clusters) were between 9.4 × 10−3 and 1.15 × 10−2. In our experiments, both LBA4404 (pTOK233) and EHA101 (pMTCA3IG), carrying a super-binary vector or supervirulent strain, respectively, were successful for sugarcane transformation. We found that three main factors: (1) the use of young regenerable calluses as target explants; (2) induction and/or improvement of the A. tumefaciens virulence system with sugarcane cell cultures and (3) pre-induction of organogenesis or somatic-embryogenesis-like sexual embryos, seem to be crucial in order to increase the cells competence for T-DNA transfer process. Patterns generated by Southern hybridization confirmed that T-DNAs were randomly integrated into sugarcane genome without th e persistence of A. tumefaciens in the transgenic plants
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008845114531
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 46
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An Efficient Rice Transformation System Utilizing Mature Seed-derived Explants and a Portable, Inexpensive Particle Bombardment Device (1998)
    Springer
    Transgenic research 7 (1998), S. 289-294 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9368
    Keywords: Oryza sativa ; particle bombardment ; transformation ; transgenic rice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We developed a practical and efficient gene transfer system for indica rice utilizing mature-seed derived explants and a simple bombardment device which uses compressed helium for accelerating DNA-coated metal particles. Unlike instruments which have been described in the literature previously, this new bombardment device, which is an improvement of the particle inflow concept, does not require vacuum. This attribute simplifies the transformation procedure significantly and it makes rice transformation technology accessible to laboratories which may not have the resources to invest in more expensive particle bombardment instruments. We determined experimentally that we could recover transgenic rice plants utilizing three different particle bombardment instruments at comparable frequencies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008870012568
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 47
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular and cellular evidence of chimaeric tissues in primary transgenics and elimination of chimaerism through improved selection protocols (1998)
    Springer
    Transgenic research 7 (1998), S. 123-129 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9368
    Keywords: chimaera ; iterative culture ; regeneration ; strawberry ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Transgenic plants of strawberry cultivar Totem were developed by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation using a plasmid vector containing gus and nptII genes. Parallel experiments were carried out with and without repeated subculturing (iterative cultures) for generation of transgenic shoots on selection medium. The selection levels in the non-iterative pathway were kept constant, while in the iterative protocol, stepwise increase of selection pressure was applied at different stages of tissue growth. Rooted transgenic plants obtained via both protocols were outplanted in soil. Random leaf samples of greenhouse-grown transgenics were analysed for the presence of gus gene sequences by Southern hybridization as well as gus expression on leaf and petiole tissues by X-Gluc histological assay. Random leaf samples analysed from individual transgenic events developed under iterative culture were positive for the gus insert as verified by Southern analysis confirming the presence of transgenes and lack of chimaeras. Leaf samples of the transgenic events from the non-iterative protocol were either positive or negative on Southern analysis indicating the chimaeric nature of the transgenic plants. The absence of gus sequences in the transgenic plants grown under the non-iterative protocol reinforced the necessity of iterative cultures along with stepwise increase in selection levels for generating non-chimaeric transgenics in strawberry. The gus expression was highly variable, irrespective of the iterative or non-iterative protocol used for transformation. We conclude that strawberry is highly prone to develop chimaeric transgenics if derived from primary regenerants and that the iterative culture technique effectively converts chimaeras to pure line transgenic plants
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008872425917
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 48
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transformation and Anomie: Problems of Quality of Life in Bulgaria (1998)
    Springer
    Social indicators research 43 (1998), S. 197-209 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0921
    Keywords: transformation ; anomie ; social integration ; state ; quality of life
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Sociology
    Notes: Abstract The weakening of social integration and anomie are unavoidable in the transformation of societies. The effect is a decrease of quality of life accompanied by disenchantments, aggressiveness and escapism. In some countries in Eastern Europe like Bulgaria the anomie effects of transformation became particularly strong. The major reason is the political instability. The dissolution of the previous state-centered over-integration of society developed into a dissolution of major mechanisms of political integration. The prospects for improvement of quality of life are focused on the balance of economic, political and cultural re-integration of Bulgarian society.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006895413626
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 49
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Introduction of the cDNA for shape Arabidopsis glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT) confers unsaturation of fatty acids and chilling tolerance of photosynthesis on rice (1998)
    Springer
    Molecular breeding 4 (1998), S. 269-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9788
    Keywords: glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase ; phosphatidylglycerol ; chilling tolerance ; transformation ; fatty acid composition ; Oryza sativa L.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The chilling sensitivity of several plant species is closely correlated with the levels of unsaturation of fatty acids in the phosphatidylglycerol (PG) of chloroplast membranes. Plants with a high proportion of unsaturated fatty acids, such as Arabidopsis thaliana, are resistant to chilling, whereas species like squash with only a low proportion are rather sensitive to chilling. The glycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase (GPAT) enzyme of chloroplasts plays an important role in determining the levels of PG fatty acid desaturation. A cDNA for oleate-selective GPAT of Arabidopsis under the control of a maize Ubiquitin promoter was introduced into rice (Oryza sativa L.) using the Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer method. The levels of unsaturated fatty acids in the phosphatidylglycerol of transformed rice leaves were found to be 28% higher than that of untransformed controls. The net photosynthetic rate of leaves of transformed rice plants was 20% higher than that of the wild type at 17°C. Thus, introduction of cDNA for the Arabidopsis GPAT causes greater unsaturation of fatty acids and confers chilling tolerance of photosynthesis on rice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009671231614
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 50
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transformation of Nicotiana tabacum with a native cry1Ia5 gene confers complete protection against Heliothis armigera (1998)
    Springer
    Molecular breeding 4 (1998), S. 473-478 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9788
    Keywords: Bt genes ; transformation ; protection against insects ; cry1Ia5
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A cry1Ia5 insecticidal toxin coding gene has been cloned from an Indian isolate of Bacillus thuringiensis. Sequence analyses of the cry1Ia5 gene revealed the absence of potential polyadenylation signal sequences thus making it a suitable candidate for expression in plants without extensive modification. This possibility was examined by subcloning the cry1Ia5 gene into a plant expression vector and then transferring it to Nicotiana tabacum through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Our results demonstrate that N. tabacum with a stably integrated native cry1Ia5 gene afforded complete protection against predation by Heliothis armigera. Forty three percent of the transgenic plants displayed a high level of protection against insect predation. The protection obtained in transgenic plants with the cry1Ia5 gene was comparable to that obtained with the synthetically modified cry1A(b) or cry1A(c) genes. The results demonstrate that novel insecticidal genes already exist in nature that do not require extensive modifications for efficient expression in plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009696027993
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 51
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An antisense chalcone synthase cDNA leads to novel colour patterns in lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum) flowers (1998)
    Springer
    Molecular breeding 4 (1998), S. 59-66 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9788
    Keywords: antisense ; chalcone synthase ; flower colour ; lisianthus ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Three cultivars of lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum (Grise.)) were transformed with a homologous antisense CHS cDNA via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Over 50% of the transgenics derived from the purple flowering lines exhibited an altered flower colour pattern ranging from small streaks of white on the wild-type purple background through to completely white flowers. A significant portion of the transgenic lines showed unstable phenotypes. Northern and biochemical analysis showed that the altered flower patterns were associated with a loss of CHS gene transcript and a corresponding loss of CHS enzyme activity. In the white flowering line the level of total flavonoids was reduced to ca. 2.0% of the wild-type level. Some of the transgenic plants also exhibited alterations in flower form such as the formation of frilled petal tips and reduced flower opening. Several of the new patterned lines are being evaluated for stability and possible commercial release.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009621903402
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 52
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transgenic elite Indica rice varieties, resistant to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (1998)
    Springer
    Molecular breeding 4 (1998), S. 551-558 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9788
    Keywords: Indica rice ; cell suspension ; transformation ; Xa21 ; bacterial leaf blight
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The agronomically important Indica (group 1) rice varieties IR64, IR72, hybrid restorer line Minghui 63, and BG90-2 were co-transformed by microbombardment of embryogenic suspensions with plasmids that contain the Xa21 gene which confers resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and the hph gene for resistance to hygromycin B. Six of the 55 transgenic R0 plant lines containing the Xa21 gene displayed high levels of resistance to the pathogen, and no partial resistance was observed. The trait was stably inherited in subsequent generations, and transgenic plants are currently in field tests. The ability to transfer agronomically important genes into elite Indica rice varieties demonstrates the applicability of genetic engineering for the agronomic improvement of rice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009601520901
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 53
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of cauliflower, Brassica oleracea var. botrytis (1998)
    Springer
    Molecular breeding 4 (1998), S. 531-541 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9788
    Keywords: Agrobacterium ; Brassica oleracea ; cauliflower ; regeneration ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract We have developed an efficient and simpler method for genetic transformation and regeneration of cauliflower, Brassica oleracea var. botrytis plants. Explants from 4-day old seedlings were inoculated and cocultivated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404 harbouring a binary vector with the neomycin phosphotransferase-II gene under the regulatory control of nopaline synthase promoter and terminator sequences, permitting transformed shoots to be selected on kanamycin containing medium. After three months rooted transformed plantlets were successfully transferred and grown under glasshouse conditions. Higher numbers of transformed plants were obtained from cotyledon than hypocotyl explants, presumably indicating cotyledons of cauliflower are more amenable to genetic transformation. Integration and expression of the introduced transgene were analysed by DNA gel blot and PCR analysis and NPT-II expression assay. Factors influencing transformation efficiency include explant age, concentration of bacterium used for infection, duration of infection and cocultivation with Agrobacterium. Transgenic plants of three commercial genotypes of cauliflower were produced using this method. We also show that introduction of antisense Bcp1 (pollen-specific gene) linked to a pollen-specific promoter (Lat52) resulted in the expected sterility of 50% pollen carrying this transgenic construct.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009658614579
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 54
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Composition of endogenous alleles can influence the level of antisense inhibition of granule-bound starch synthase gene expression in tetraploid potato plants (1998)
    Springer
    Molecular breeding 4 (1998), S. 343-358 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9788
    Keywords: amylose ; antisense RNA ; endogenous allele ; Solanum tuberosum ; T-DNA insertion ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The T-DNA composition was analysed of twelve potato genotypes obtained after transforming a tetraploid cultivar with an antisense granule-bound starch synthase (GBSSI) gene. In five transformants (labelled TB50 nos.) the antisense GBSSI gene was driven by the CaMV 35S promoter, while in the remaining seven (labelled TBK50 nos.) the GBSSI promoter was used. In these twelve transformants the antisense effect on amylose production in potato tuber starch ranged from complete suppression to no discernible inhibition, and the number of T-DNA insertions ranged from one to at least fifteen. The antisense effect of individual T-DNA loci in progeny of these transformants was studied. Progeny containing a single T-DNA showed no inhibition of GBSSI activity. Only multiple, linked T-DNA insertions resulted in substantial antisense inhibition. T-DNA fragments present in duplex in selfed progeny resulted in a larger antisense effect than that in the parent (which contained the T-DNA insertions in simplex). Furthermore, the antisense effects of some T-DNA-containing linkage groups were influenced by the composition of endogenous GBSSI alleles. For practical breeding this implies that (1) the efficiency of obtaining primary potato transformants showing complete inhibition of GBSSI gene expression by antisense RNA is genotype-dependent, and (2) many transformants have to be produced per genotype to be able to select plants with maximum suppression of GBSSI and a minimum number of T-DNA loci.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009697725778
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 55
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigation of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of apple using green fluorescent protein: high transient expression and low stable transformation suggest that factors other than T-DNA transfer are rate-limiting (1998)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 37 (1998), S. 549-559 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: Agrobacterium ; apple ; GFP ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract To investigate early events of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of apple cultivars, a synthetic green fluorescent protein gene (SGFP) was used as a highly sensitive, vital reporter gene. Leaf explants from four apple cultivars (‘Delicious’, ‘Golden Delicious’, ‘Royal Gala’ and ‘Greensleeves’) were infected with Agrobacterium EHA101 harboring plasmid pDM96.0501. Fluorescence microscopy indicated that SGFP expression was first detected 48 h after infection and quantitative analysis revealed a high T-DNA transfer rate. Plant cells with stably incorporated T-DNA exhibited cell division and developed transgenic calli, followed by formation of transgenic shoots at low frequencies. The detection of SGFP expression with an epifluorescence stereomicroscope confirmed the effectiveness of SGFP as a reporter gene for detection of very early transformation events and for screening of putative transformants. The efficiency of the transformation and regeneration process decreased ca. 10000-fold from Agrobacterium infection to transgenic shoot regeneration, suggesting that factors other than Agrobacterium interaction and T-DNA transfer are rate-limiting steps in Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of apple.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006041313209
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 56
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular wheat breeding by direct gene transfer (1998)
    Springer
    Euphytica 100 (1998), S. 219-223 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: cereals ; wheat ; transformation ; genetic modification ; transgenic plants
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A method for efficient genetic transformation of wheat has been developed using immature embryos as targets for microprojectile-mediated gene transfer and a helium driven particle delivery system. Screening and selection of transgenic cells, somatic embryos and regenerated plants are performed with the gus-gene and the phosphinothricin acetyl transferase (bar) gene coding for Basta-resistance as the selectable marker. On average, one fertile transgenic plant can be obtained from about 100 microprojectile treated, immature embryos. The number of integrated copies of the transferred gene ranges from 1 up to about 10. Stable integrated genes are inherited in most of the transgenic lines in a normal mendelian fashion segregating 3:1 in the F2. Homozygous, as well as heterozygous, lines have been followed and analysed genetically at the molecular level and up to F5. Apart from normal stable gene expression, examples have also been found which showed a loss of gene activity or unexpected segregation pattern. For applied aspects, different genes are transferred aiming for improved disease resistance, modification of quality, or other characteristics. First results from these transgenic lines are reported, and problems still existing with the production of stable transgenic wheat lines are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018356223333
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 57
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of visual marker genes as cell-specific reporters of Agrobacterium-mediated T-DNA delivery to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). (1998)
    Springer
    Euphytica 99 (1998), S. 17-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Agrobacterium ; barley ; C1/Lc ; GFP ; GUS ; wheat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Transfer of T-DNA from Agrobacterium tumefaciens and A. rhizogenes to cells of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is demonstrated following the inoculation of immature embryos and immature embryo-derived callus. Agrobacterium T-DNA vectors containing the C1/Lc anthocyanin-biosynthesis regulatory genes, the gusA gene or a synthetic green fluorescent protein gene (sgfp-S65T) were constructed from original binary vectors. The visual T-DNA markers were used as cell-autonomous reporters of early Agrobacterium-mediated transformation events in the wheat and barley cells. This localization of the transformed cells revealed a non-random distribution throughout each embryo and callus piece.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018303102488
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 58
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Irregular patterns of transgene silencing in allohexaploid oat (1998)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 38 (1998), S. 597-607 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: transgene silencing ; epigenetics ; transgene expression ; transgenic plants ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract An irregular pattern of transgene silencing was revealed in expression and inheritance studies conducted over multiple generations following transgene introduction by microprojectile bombardment of allohexaploid cultivated oat (Avena sativa L.). Expression of two transgenes, bar and uidA, delivered on the same plasmid was investigated in 23 transgenic oat lines. Twenty-one transgenic lines, each derived from an independently selected transformed tissue culture, showed expression of both bar and uidA while two lines expressed only bar. The relationship of the transgenic phenotypes to the presence of the transgenes in the study was determined using (1) phenotypic scoring combined with Southern blot analyses of progeny, (2) coexpression of the two transgenic phenotypes since the two transgenes always cosegregated, and (3) reactivation of a transgenic phenotype in self-pollinated progenies of transgenic plants that did not exhibit a transgenic phenotype. Transgene silencing was observed in 19 of the 23 transgenic lines and resulted in distorted segregation of transgenic phenotypes in 10 lines. Silencing and inheritance distortions were irregular and unpredictable. They were often reversible in a subsequent generation of self-pollinated progeny and abnormally segregating progenies were as likely to trace back to parents that exhibited normal segregation in a previous generation as to parents showing segregation distortions. Possible causes of the irregular patterns of transgene silencing are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006090731414
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 59
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The insulin-like growth factors and breast cancer — revisited (1998)
    Springer
    Breast cancer research and treatment 47 (1998), S. 197-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7217
    Keywords: breast cancer ; insulin-like growth factor system ; IGF-I receptor ; IGF-II receptor ; binding proteins ; prognosis ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In 1992, a special issue of Breast Cancer Research and Treatment was devoted to the insulin-like growth factors and breast cancer. In that issue, identification of the key components of the IGF system was reviewed and their potential role in breast cancer growth was described. In this issue, we revisit the IGF system with particular attention to data that further supports their role in the growth regulation of breast cancer. Several new facets of the IGF system are described, and several laboratories have more clearly defined how each individual component of the IGF system may influence breast cancer biology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005938615798
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 60
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic transformation of astaxanthin mutants of Phaffia rhodozyma (1998)
    Springer
    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 73 (1998), S. 147-153 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: transformation ; plasmid integration ; Phaffia rhodozyma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Stable red astaxanthin-producing transformants were obtained after genetic transformation of two Phaffia rhodozyma mutants. A yellow mutant, accumulating β-carotene, and an albino mutant, accumulating phytoene, from P. rhodozyma were transformed using a genomic library of wild-type strain UCD 67-385 in the pBluescript vector. Hybridization assays, using the pBluescript DNA as a radioactive probe, indicate integration of vector sequences into the genome of the transformants. Transformants DNA was digested with restriction endonucleases, ligated with T4 DNA ligase and then used to transform E. coli. Ampicillin resistant plasmids, containing 0.1, 0.2, and 2.5 kb DNA inserts of P. rhodozyma, were rescued from the yeast red transformants. The molecular analysis indicate that transformation has occurred by an integration event of donor DNA into the genome of the host strains.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1000602110765
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 61
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Double transformation at the eastern border of the EU: the case of the Euroregion pro Europa Viadrina (1998)
    Springer
    GeoJournal 44 (1998), S. 215-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9893
    Keywords: cross-border region ; transformation ; regional economic development ; Poland ; Germany
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography
    Notes: Abstract One of the major means to foster European integration is the establishment of border spanning regions (‘Euroregions’). This is particularly important on the Eastern borders of the EU, e.g. in Eastern Germany. There, however, a double transformation to post-socialist society is taking place, both inside and outside the EU. Tensions arise between objectives on local and higher political levels, intensified by totally different economic structures and access to EU funds on both sides of the border. This is particularly true for the case of the emerging Euroregion Viadrina. Problems in preserving old industrialised localities in East Germany (e.g. steel) and attempts to resurrect the urban fair place Frankfurt/Oder, clash with transition in agriculture and consumer industries and with new concepts in tourism development and environmental protection in the Polish border zone. In region building, political, economic and ideological goals compete with each other. Local initiatives and higher political governance may both support and hamper each other. The same holds true for the interdependence of cultural integration and economic development. The paper concludes that regional economic development can only be expected if, via the building of the Euroregion, the interplay of these factors leads to compromise and harmonization between the different parties involved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006818426821
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 62
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transformation of a border region: dispersed agricultural communities in Brasov County, Romania (1998)
    Springer
    GeoJournal 46 (1998), S. 305-317 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9893
    Keywords: agriculture ; border region ; communities ; commuting ; conservation ; Romania ; tourism ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography
    Notes: Abstract A most distinctive feature of the settlement pattern of the Brasov area is the extreme dispersal of mixed farming encountered in the western extreme of the county to the north and south of Zarnesti: the Bran and Poiana Marului areas. Here a system of peasant subsistence farming developed in a political borderland between the Habsburg and Ottoman Empires. Despite feudal pressures, the peasantry took all available opportunities to extend their independence including elaborate transhumance systems. And after seeing transfrontier commerce as a source of plunder, in the tradition of Balkan highway robbery within relatively unregulated spaces, the peasantry has profited through employment in factories, particularly during the communist period. However, the current recession in manufacturing is throwing the rural population back on limited land resources. Although farming assumes an important subsistence role which contributes to stability, the long-term survival of these communities will depend on new sources of income. Rural tourism has considerable potential and a promising start has been made in Bran. There are, however, constraints on the further development of the business and great attention will have to be given to the conservation of the environment in both the Bucegi Mountains and the Piatra Craiului where national park status is proposed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006984906613
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 63
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The non-agricultural economy in post-socialist rural Romania: The insights and perceptions of national, regional and local institutions (1998)
    Springer
    GeoJournal 46 (1998), S. 199-205 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9893
    Keywords: chamber of commerce ; economy ; experts ; institutions ; local government ; Romania ; rural ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography
    Notes: Abstract This study evaluates some aspects of the socio-economic transformation of rural Romania with reference to the views of representative organisations (at national, regional and local levels) and other experts. Interviews conducted in ten communes of nine Romanian counties (‘judete’) focus attention on the advantages and disadvantages of system change experienced since 1989; the most important problems and constraints for future socio-economic change; and appropriate policies and perspectives for development in the immediate future. Wherever appropriate the claims of interviewees are substantiated through reference to statistics, drawn in many cases from Chambers of Commerce & Industry (CCI). Local level representatives presented much more negative views on recent change than their national and regional level counterparts, but all agreed on the crucial problem of capital shortage. Thus while specific programmes to assist rural areas are justified, they cannot fully succeed until the national economy is able to grow more rapidly and attract greater foreign investment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006947932112
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 64
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rural diversification and socio-economic transformation in Croatia (1998)
    Springer
    GeoJournal 46 (1998), S. 263-269 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9893
    Keywords: Croatia ; decentralisation ; diversification ; industry ; innovation ; rural ; transformation ; urbanisation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography
    Notes: Abstract Rural diversification in Croatia is well advanced because many rural families have been able to find work in secondary and tertiary activities without the need to migrate to the towns. Many rural settlements have now attained an urban character although there are regional variations, including a contrast between the continental zone with a relatively high level of commitment to agriculture and the coastal areas, with pronounced ‘deagrarisation’ where the ports and tourist resorts are well developed and the natural resource conditions for agriculture are poor. These variations are examined at the municipality level with reference to two key indicators: the share of nonagricultural population and the share of workers in the total active population. Four categories of socio-economic transformation are recognised: more urbanised, urbanised, less urbanised and rural. The main regional differences between the continental and coastal areas are confirmed with the latter showing a relatively high level of socio-economic transformation through the prominence of more highly urbanised municipalities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006976704796
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 65
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Induction of a virulence response in Agrobacterium tumefaciens by exudates of Pinus pinea cotyledons (1998)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 55 (1998), S. 175-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: Conifer ; transformation ; virulence genes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract As a preliminary step in efforts to develop a successful protocol for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of cotyledonary explants of Pinus pinea L. embryos, we tested the ability of embrionary exudates of this species to induce the expression of the virulence genes virA, virB, virC, virD, virE and virG in Agrobacterium tumefaciens containing vir: lacZ fusion constructs. The results obtained in the vir induction assay indicated the absence of bactericidal or bacteriostatic plant compounds affecting A. tumefaciens growth, and showed that cotyledonary and embrionary exudates of P. pinea are able to induce all virulence genes studied, except virG. The data suggest that A. tumefaciens can be used for gene transfer into this important forest and fruit species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006295622061
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 66
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The sugarcane bacilliform badnavirus promoter is active in both monocots and dicots (1998)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 38 (1998), S. 347-356 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: Arabidopsis thaliana ; Avena sativa ; badnavirus promoter ; constitutive and vascular expression ; GUS staining ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Regions of the sugarcane bacilliform badnavirus genome were tested for promoter activity. The genomic region spanning nucleotides 5999–7420 was shown to possess promoter activity as exemplified by its ability to drive the expression of the coding region of the uidA gene of Escherichia coli, in both Avena sativa and Arabidopsis thaliana. In A. sativa, the promoter was active in all organs examined and, with the exception of the anthers where the expression was localized, this activity was constitutive. In A. thaliana, the promoter activity was constitutive in the rosette leaf, stem, stamen, and root and limited primarily to vascular tissue in the sepal and the silique. The transgene was inherited and active in progeny plants of both A. sativa and A. thaliana.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006075415686
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 67
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cre/lox-mediated site-specific integration of Agrobacterium T-DNA in Arabidopsis thaliana by transient expression of cre (1998)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 38 (1998), S. 393-406 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: Agrobacterium ; Arabidopsis ; Cre/lox ; recombination ; site-specific integration ; T-DNA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The Cre/lox system was used to obtain targeted integration of an Agrobacterium T-DNA at a lox site in the genome of Arabidopsis thaliana. Site-specific recombinants, and not random events, were preferentially selected by activation of a silent lox-neomycin phosphotransferase (nptII) target gene. To analyse the effectiveness of Agrobacterium-mediated transfer we used T-DNA vectors harbouring a single lox sequence (this vector had to circularize at the T-DNA left- and right-border sequences prior to site-specific integration) or two lox sequences (this vector allowed circularization at the lox sequences within the T-DNA either prior to or after random integration, followed by targeting of the circularized vector), respectively. Furthermore, to control the reversibility of the integration reaction, Cre recombinase was provided transiently by using a cotransformation approach. One precise stable integrant was found amongst the recombinant calli obtained after transformation with a double-lox T-DNA vector. The results indicate that Agrobacterium-mediated transformation can be used as a tool to obtain site-specific integration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006024500008
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 68
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The xylose isomerase gene from Thermoanaerobacterium thermosulfurogenes allows effective selection of transgenic plant cells using D-xylose as the selection agent (1998)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 37 (1998), S. 287-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: plants ; positive selection ; selectable marker ; Thermoanaerobacterium thermosulfurogenes ; transformation ; xylose isomerase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The xylose isomerase gene (xylA) from Thermoanaerobacterium thermosulfurogenes (formerly Clostridium thermosulfurogenes) has been expressed in three plant species (potato, tobacco, and tomato) and transgenic plants have been selected on xylose-containing medium. The xylose isomerase gene was transferred to the target plant by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The xylose isomerase gene was expressed using the enhanced cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter and the Ω′ translation enhancer sequence from tobacco mosaic virus. Unoptimized selection studies showed that, in potato and tomato, the xylose isomerase selection was more efficient than the established kanamycin resistance selection, whereas in tobacco the opposite was observed. Efficiency may be increased by optimization. The xylose isomerase system enables the transgenic cells to utilize xylose as a carbohydrate source. It is an example of a positive selection system because transgenic cells proliferate while non-transgenic cells are starved but still survive. This contrasts to antibiotic or herbicide resistance where transgenic cells survive on a selective medium but non-transgenic cells are killed. The results give access to a new selection method which is devoid of the disadvantages of antibiotic or herbicide selection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005910417789
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 69
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic transformation of Pseudomonas oleovorans by electroporation (1998)
    Springer
    Biotechnology techniques 12 (1998), S. 829-832 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6784
    Keywords: Pseudomonas oleovorans ; electroporation ; transformation ; poly(β-hydroxyalkanoate) ; alkane
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract An electroporation procedure for the transformation of Pseudomonas oleovorans was developed using a model plasmid, pCN51. The optimal electrotransformation was achieved with cells harvested at 45 to 60 min of growth and concentrated to a cell density of 5 OD600nm, plasmid concentration of 6 μg per 100 μl of cell suspension, and a 0.1-cm gap-width cuvette. Electroporation was performed at the settings of 250 ω, 25μF and 2.5 kV. Transformation yields in the order of 103 colony-forming-unit per electroporation sample were obtained. This is a first report of the electroporation of the commercially valuable bacterium Ps. oleovorans. © Rapid Science Ltd. 1998
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008881121726
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 70
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transformation of the cationic growing center of poly(tetrahydrofuran) into an anionic one by bis(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)samarium (1998)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 36 (1998), S. 2209-2214 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: cationic polymerization ; anionic polymerization ; transformation ; samarium ; block copolymerization ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Transformation of the cationic growing center of living poly(tetrahydrofuran) [poly(THF)] into an anionic one was achieved in high efficiency (62%) by the end-capping of living poly(THF) with potassium iodide followed by the reduction with bis(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)samarium (Cp*2Sm), whereas the direct reduction with Cp*2Sm without the end-capping resulted in the formation of poly(THF) with pentamethylcyclopentadienyl group at the terminal. The increase in the molecular weight of poly(THF) after the reduction was observed, which indicates the presence of the dimerization of poly(THF) during the reduction. The polymerization of a variety of electrophilic monomers including δ-valerolactone, 2-oxo-1,3-dioxane, and alkyl methacrylates with the macroanion provided good yields of the corresponding block copolymers consisting of both cationically and anionically polymerizable monomers. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem. 36: 2209-2214, 1998
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 71
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of mannose selection used for transformation of sugar beet (1998)
    Springer
    Molecular breeding 4 (1998), S. 111-117 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9788
    Keywords: Beta vulgaris ; mannose selection ; phosphomannose isomerase ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Various factors affecting mannose selection for the production of transgenic plants were studied using Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) cotyledonary explants. The selection system is based on the Escherichia coli phosphomannose isomerase (PMI) gene as selectable gene and mannose as selective agent. Transformation frequencies were about 10-fold higher than for kanamycin selection but were only obtained at low selection pressures (1.0–1.5 g/l mannose) where 20–30% of the explants produced shoots. The non-transgenic shoots were eliminated during the selection procedure by a stepwise increase in the mannose concentration up to 10 g/l. Analysis of the transformed shoots showed that the PMI activity varied from 2.4 mU/mg to 350 mU/mg but the expression level was independent of the selection pressure. Complete resistance to mannose of transformed shoots was observed already at low PMI activities (7.5 mU/mg). Genomic DNA blot analysis confirmed the presence of the PMI gene in all transformants analysed. The possible mode of action of mannose selection compared to other selection methods is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009633809610
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 72
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An improved protocol for the preparation of yeast cells for transformation by electroporation (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 14 (1998), S. 565-571 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; electroporation ; transformation ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Pretreatment of yeast cells with lithium acetate (LiAc) and dithiothreitol (DTT) enhances the frequency of transformation by electroporation. The method shows improvements of 6-67-fold in wild-type strains derived from commonly used Saccharomyces cerevisiae genetic backgrounds. In addition, 15-300-fold improvement in transformation frequency was achieved with several mutant strains of S. cerevisiae that transformed poorly by conventional procedures. Both DTT and lithium acetate were necessary for maximal transformation frequencies. Pretreatment with lithium and DTT also resulted in an ∼3·5-fold increase in the electroporation transformation frequency of the pathogenic fungus Candida albicans. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 73
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    AILV1 gene from the yeast Arxula adeninivorans LS3 ­ a new selective transformation marker (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 14 (1998), S. 1017-1025 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Arxula adeninivorans ; AILV1 ; threonine deaminase ; transformation ; homologous integration ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The ILV1 gene of the yeast Arxula adeninivorans LS3 (AILV1) has been cloned from a genomic library, characterized and used as an auxotrophic selection marker for transformation of plasmids into this yeast. One copy of the gene is present in the Arxula genome, comprising 1653 bp and encoding 550 amino acids of the threonine deaminase. The protein sequence is similar (60·55%) to that of the threonine deaminase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae encoded by the gene ILV1. The protein is enzymatically active during the whole period of cultivation, up to 70 h. Maximal activities, as well as protein concentrations of this enzyme, were achieved after cultivation times of 20-36 h.The AILV1 gene is a suitable auxotrophic selection marker in transformation experiments using an Arxula adeninivorans ilv1 mutant and a plasmid containing this gene, which is fused into the 25S rDNA of Arxula adeninivorans. One to three copies of the linearized plasmid were integrated into the 25S rDNA by homologous recombination. Transformants resulting from complementation of the ilv1 mutation can be easily and reproducibly selected and in addition are mitotically stable. Therefore, the described system is preferred to the conventional selection for hygromycin B resistance. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 74
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reduction of vanadate to vanadyl by a strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1997)
    Springer
    BioMetals 10 (1997), S. 239-246 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8773
    Keywords: NMR and EPR spectroscopy ; speciation ; transformation ; vanadate ; vanadyl ; yeast
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Three strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, SC-1, DBVPG 6173 and DBVPG 6037, were studied for vanadate resistance in complex Sabouraud medium since they did not thrive in different minimal media (yeast nitrogen base with and without amino acids). The strain SC-1 was resistant up to 16 mm of vanadate, whereas the strains DBVPG 6173 and DBVPG 6037 were inhibited by 8 mm and 4 mm vanadate, respectively. The vanadate resistance in strain SC-1 was constitutive and due to the reduction of this oxyanion to vanadyl, which was detected by EPR spectroscopy and visible spectroscopy. The transformation of vanadate to vanadyl took place during the exponential growth phase; 10 mm of vanadate was reduced to vanadyl outside the cells since the oxyanion was not detected in the cell biomass and only a negligible concentration of vanadyl (25 nmoles mg cells dry weight) was found in the biomass. The other two vanadate-sensitive yeast strains only accumulated vanadate and did not reduce the oxyanion to vanadyl.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018360029898
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 75
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transformation of meta- and ortho-cresol over HY (1997)
    Springer
    Catalysis letters 49 (1997), S. 121-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-879X
    Keywords: cresols ; transformation ; isomerization ; disproportionation ; zeolites HY
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The transformation of m- and o-cresol has been investigated on a series of HY zeolites with Si/Al ratio in the range of 4.5 to 55, at 380°C and atmospheric pressure. It was found that the zeolite activity increased but stability decreased with NAl for both m- and o-cresol. For Si/Al = 4.5 the zeolite activity was similar for both reactants, but as Si/Al ratio increased, o-cresol became relatively more reactive than m-cresol, and for all Si/Al ratios the catalysts were more stable in the m-cresol transformation. Both m- and o-cresol were converted mainly through two parallel reactions - isomerization and disproportionation. The disproportionation reaction was predominant, and more important in the case of o-cresol. The isomerization/disproportionation selectivity increased for m-cresol and decreased for o-cresol with NAl. Catalyst deactivation favoured disproportionation in the case of o-cresol and isomerization in the case of m-cresol, except for o-cresol conversion on HY(4.5), where both reactions were equally affected. Isomerization selectivity for m-cresol (p/o) was found to be higher than the equilibrium value and to increase with catalyst deactivation; while for o-cresol, the isomerization ratio (m/p) did not change with time on stream for HY(4.5) and HY(16.6) and decreased for HY(55). Disproportionation selectivity (ph/∑x) was equal to unity independently of Si/Al ratio or catalyst deactivation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1019061406642
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 76
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Religious Business Ethics as Interpretation: A Jewish Perspective (1997)
    Springer
    International journal of value-based management 10 (1997), S. 9-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8528
    Keywords: business ethics ; Jewish ; religious ; community ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract This paper examines the method of Jewish business ethics. MichaelWalzer, in his work, Interpretation and Social Criticism (1987), suggeststhree common and important approaches to moral philosophy. He labels thesethe path of discovery, the path of invention, and the path ofinterpretation. The first part of this paper argues that Jewish businessethics is best thought of in terms of interpretation. Without question, thereligious ethicist immediately recognizes Walzer‘s metaphor of the moralworld as a ’home occupied by a single family over many generations... ‘as his own. Ethical arguments from a Jewish perspective must of necessityhave a ’lived-in quality‘ and always make reference to and are based on the’memory-laden objects and artifacts.‘ The second part of the paper exploressome of the implications of Jewish business ethics as interpretation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007756901486
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 77
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of inoculation of cyanobacteria on nitrogen status and nutrition of rice (Oryza sativa L.) in an Entisol amended with chemical and organic sources of nitrogen (1997)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 24 (1997), S. 123-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Cyanobacteria ; Soil inoculation N ; transformation ; Inorganic N ; Easily oxidizable N ; Hydrolysable N ; Non-hydrolysable N ; Wetland rice Farmyard manure ; Oryza sativa
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A field experiment was conducted with wetland rice (Oryza sativa cv. IR-36) in a sandy clay loam soil (Entisol) to study the effect of inoculation with a soil-based mixed culture of four diazotrophic cyanobacteria,Aulosira fertilissima, Nostoc muscorum, N. commune andAnabaena spp., on the N-flux in inorganic NH4 ++NO3 −+ NO2 −), easily oxidizable, hydrolysable and non-hydrolysable forms of N in soil during vegetative growth periods of the crop. Effects on grain and straw yield and N uptake by the crop were estimated. The effects of applying urea N and N as organic sources, viz.Sesbania aculeata, Neem (Azardirachta indica) cake and FYM, each at the rate of 40 kg N ha−1, to the soil were also evaluated. Inoculation significantly increased the release of inorganic N, evidenced by its increased concentrations either in soil or in soil solution. However, such increases rarely exceeded even 4% of total N gained in different froms in the soil system by inoculation during the vegetative growth stages of the rice plant, when the nutritional requirement of the plants is at a maximum. Most of the N2 fixed by cyanobacteria remained in the soil as the hydrolysable form (about 85%) during this period. Inoculation caused an insignificant increase in grain (8%) and straw (11%) yield, which was, however, accompanied by a significant increase in N uptake by the grain (30%) and an increase in total uptake of 15.3 kg N ha 1. Such beneficial effects of inoculation varied in magnitude with the application of organic sources, with farmyard manure (FYM) being the most effective. Application of urea N, on the other hand, markedly reduced such an effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01420232
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 78
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transgenic Populus tremula: a step-by-step protocol for its Agrobacterium-mediated transformation (1997)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology reporter 15 (1997), S. 219-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9818
    Keywords: Agrobacterium ; Populus ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In recent years, Populus species have acquired an important place in basic and applied research of woody plants. The practical role of Populus species in world forestry and their importance to research as a woody-plant model have led to increasing interest in tissue-culture and molecular techniques, as well as the development of transformation procedures for this genus. A simple technical procedure is described here step-by-step, for the first time, as a routine method for transforming Populus tremula using a disarmed Agrobacterium tumefaciens hypervirulent strain. The procedure begins with the inoculation of stem explants with bacterial suspension, followed by a short period of co-cultivation on a highly regenerative medium. Transformed shoots are selected on regeneration medium containing antibiotics and the presence of the inserted target genes is checked using a rapid and efficient PCR test. Selected shoots are transferred to a rooting medium, under the same selection pressure, and propagated via stem cuttings. Selected plants can be hardened and transferred to the green-house within 4 months of inoculation. The method has proven efficient for several gene constructs, selection on Kan or Hyg, and three different Agrobacterium strains.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007484917759
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 79
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Rapid and Simple Method of Assaying Plants Transformed with Hygromycin or PPT Resistance Genes (1997)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology reporter 15 (1997), S. 209-215 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9818
    Keywords: selectable marker ; cereals ; leaf assay ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A very simple leaf assay is described that rapidly and reliably identifies transgenic plants expressing the hygromycin resistance gene, hph or the phosphinothricin resistance gene, bar. Leaf tips were cut from plants propagated either in the glasshouse or in tissue culture and the cut surface embedded in solid medium containing the appropriate selective agent. Non-transgenic barley or rice leaf tips had noticeable symptoms of either bleaching or necrosis after three days on the medium and were completely bleached or necrotic after one week. Transgenic leaf tips remained green and healthy over this period. This gave unambiguous discrimination between transgenic and non-transgenic plants. The leaf assay was also effective for dicot plants tested (tobacco and peas).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007446721394
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 80
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Simple Method for Identifying Plant/T-DNA Junction Sequences Resulting from Agrobacterium-mediated DNA Transformation (1997)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology reporter 15 (1997), S. 246-254 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9818
    Keywords: Junction sequence ; transformation ; Agrobacterium tumefaciens
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Genomic integration of transferred T-DNA is traditionally analyzed by Southern hybridization; however, these analyses often do not provide sufficient information pertaining to the transformation event. Analysis of the junction sequences spanning the region between the T-DNA borders and plant genomic DNA, give a clear demonstration of genomic integration. The procedures available for border junction analysis can be problematic, therefore a simplified method was developed for plants transformed by Agrobacterium tumefaciens harboring the binary vector with pBI121 backbone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007490504555
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 81
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of the host cell cycle in theAgrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation ofPetunia: Evidence of an S-phase control mechanism for T-DNA transfer (1997)
    Springer
    Planta 201 (1997), S. 160-172 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Agrobacterium ; Leaf mesophyll cells ; Petunia ; Transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Chimeric β-glucuronidase (GUS) gene expression in an efficientAgrobacterium-mediated transformation system utilising mesophyll cells ofPetunia hybrida synchronized with cell cycle phase-specific inhibitors (mimosine and colchicine) was used to show the absolute requirement of S-phase for transfer and/or integration of the transferred DNA (T-DNA). Flow-cytometric analysis of nuclear DNA content and immunohistological detection of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdUrd) incorporation showed that, prior to phytohormone treatment, most (98%) mesophyll cells were at GO-Gl-phase (quiescent phase) and no cell division was occurring. After 48 h and 72 h of phytohormone treatment, there was a rapid increase in S-G2-M-phase populations (〉 75%) and a concomitant decrease (down to 24%) in G0–-G1-phase cells. Assays of GUS showed that maximum transformation (〉 95% of explants) also occurred after this period. Our data showed that mimosine and colchicine blocked the mesophyll cells at late Gl-phase and M-phase, respectively. No transformation (= GUS expression) was observed in phytohormone-treated cells inhibited in late G1 by mimosine. However, after removal of mimosine, 82% of the explants were transformed, indicating the non-toxic and reversible effect of the inhibitor. On the other hand, a relatively high transformation frequency (65% of explants) was observed after blocking the cell cycle at M-phase with colchicine. However, only transient, but no stable, gene expression (= kanamycin-resistant callus formation) was observed in colchicine-treated M-phase-arrested cells. Similarly, endoreduplication of nuclear DNA, which occurred during the 48 h of phytohormone treatment in some mesophyll cells and cells located along the minor veins in the leaf explants, resulted in transient GUS expression only. These observations indicate a direct correlation between endoreduplication and transient GUS gene expression. Obviously, for stable GUS gene expression, cell division and proliferation are required, indicating that both DNA duplication (S-phase) and cell division (M-phase) are strongly related to stable transformation. We propose that the present system should facilitate further dissection of the process of T-DNA integration in the host genome and therefore should aid in developing new strategies for transformation of recalcitrant plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01007700
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 82
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression and inheritance of foreign genes in transgenic peanut plants generated byAgrobacterium-mediated transformation (1997)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 16 (1997), S. 541-544 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Transgenic peanut ; Agrobacterium ; Transformation ; Transgene expression ; Transgene inheritance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract To evaluate and characterize the stability of traits transferred viaAgrobacterium transformation, foreign gene expression must be examined in sexually derived progeny. The objective of this study was to analyze three transgenic peanut plants, 1-10, 12-1, and 17-1, for the inheritance and expression of their foreign genes. Segregation ratios for the introduced genes in T2 plants gave either 100% or 3:1 expression of the β-glucuronidase (GUS) gene, demonstrating recovery of both homozygous and heterozygous T1 plants. Fluorometric GUS assay in T1 and T2 generations of all three plants showed that the GUS gene was stably expressed in the progeny. DNA analyses showed 100% concordance between the presence of the foreign gene and enzyme activity. Our results demonstrate that transgenes in peanut introduced byAgrobacterium can be inherited in a Mendelian manner.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01142320
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 83
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation of new 6-methylnicotinic-acid-degrading bacteria, one of which catalyses the regioselective hydroxylation of nicotinic acid at position C2 (1997)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 168 (1997), S. 355-361 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Key words 6-Methylnicotinic acid ; 2-Hydroxy-6-methylnicotinic acid ; Nicotinic acid ; 2-Hydroxynicotinic acid ; Ralstonia ; Burkholderia ; Paenibacillus ; Agrobacterium ; Rhizobium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract 2-Hydroxynicotinic acid is an important building block for herbicides and pharmaceuticals. Enrichment strategies to increase the chances of finding microorganisms capable of hydroxylating at the C2 position and to avoid the degradation of nicotinic acid via the usual intermediate, 6-hydroxynicotinic acid, were used. Three bacterial strains (Mena 23/3–3c, Mena 25/4–1, and Mena 25/ 4–3) were isolated from enrichment cultures with 6-methylnicotinic acid as the sole source of carbon and energy. Partial characterization of these strains indicated that they represent new bacterial species. All three strains completely degraded 6-methylnicotinic acid, and evidence is presented that the first step in the degradation pathway of strain Mena 23/3–3c is hydroxylation at the C2 position. Resting cells of this strain grown on 6-methylnicotinic acid also hydroxylated nicotinic acid at the C2 position, but did not further degrade the product. Strain Mena 23/ 3–3c showed the highest degree of 16S rRNA sequence similarity to members of the genera Ralstonia and Burkholderia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002030050509
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 84
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Absence of endothelin receptors and receptor mRNA in mammalian fibroblasts transformed with SV40 or ras oncogene (1997)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 175 (1997), S. 29-35 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: endothelin ; fibroblasts ; receptors ; transformation ; oncogene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Endothelin-1 (ET-1), a peptide isolated from the culture medium of endothelial cells, mediates a variety of physiological and pathological responses including mitogenesis. We have compared the expression of ET receptors in untransformed versus ras-transformed NIH-3T3 murine fibroblasts and in untransformed versus SV40-transformed Wl38 (VA13) human fibroblasts by ligand binding and Northern analysis. NIH-3T3 and Wl38 cells displayed high affinity (200 and 220 pM) and high density (23,000 sites/cell and 14,000 sites/cell for NIH-3T3 and Wl38 cells, respectively) ET receptors. Competition binding experiments using subtype-selective ligands identified these receptors as the ETA subtype. Addition of ET-1 to the cells produced a concentration-dependent increase in intracellular calcium release. Both ras-transformed NIH-3T3 cells and SV40-transformed Wl38 cells (VA13) completely lacked [125I]ET-1 binding and failed to release calcium when exposed to ET-1. Northern analysis of the polyadenylat ed RNA (polyA RNA) isolated from untransformed and transformed cells revealed that the steady-state level of ETA receptor RNA was 90-95% less in transformed cells compared to untransformed cells. Thus, the loss of ET receptors as well as the receptor-mediated responses in transformed cells can be explained by down-regulation of ET receptor mRNA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006827007251
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 85
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of the activities of CaMV 35S and FMV 34S promoter derivatives in Catharanthus roseus cells transiently and stably transformed by particle bombardment (1997)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 33 (1997), S. 943-946 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: CaMV 35S promoter ; Catharanthus roseus ; FMV 34S promoter ; particle bombardment ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Activities of several CaMV 35S and FMV 34S promoter derivatives fused to the gusA reporter gene were compared in suspension-cultured Catharanthus roseus cells that were transiently and stably transformed using particle bombardment. Our data demonstrate that the 35S and a deletion derivative of the 34S promoter combined with particle bombardment form useful tools for genetic engineering of C. roseus cells. Our results disagree on several points with activities of 35S and 34S promoter derivatives reported for tobacco, indicating that absolute and relative promoter activities can differ between plant species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005763605355
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 86
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Excision of the maize transposable element Ac in periclinal chimeric leaves of 35S-Ac-rolC transgenic aspen-Populus (1997)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 33 (1997), S. 1097-1103 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: Ac ; Agrobacterium ; periclinal chimera ; rolC ; transgenic Populus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The transposable element Ac from maize, in combination with the phenotypic selectable marker rolC, was employed in transformation experiments of a hybrid aspen clone. A number of transgenic clones exhibited light-green sectors on green leaves. In vitro regeneration from leaves showing a high number of light-green spots resulted in R2 plants, which also showed light-green sectored leaves. However, only one out of 385 regenerated plants obtained showed green leaves. Both PCR and northern analysis indicated Ac excision and restoration of rolC expression. In Southern blot analysis of this green plant additional bands were observed as compared to the original R1 plant. The occurrence of these bands and a suggested Ac excision in the non-green L1-epidermal layer leading to periclinal chimerism of this plant is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005788706864
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 87
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tapetum-specific expression of theOsg6B promoter-β-glucuronidase gene in transgenic rice (1997)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 16 (1997), S. 363-367 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Agrobacterium ; Tapetum-specific promoter ; Transformation ; Rice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The promoter of an anther tapetum-specific gene,Osg6B, was fused to aβ-glucuronidase (GUS) gene and introduced into rice byAgrobacterium-mediated gene transfer. Fluorometric and histochemical GUS assay showed that GUS was expressed exclusively within the tapetum of anthers from the uninucleate microspore stage (7 days before anthesis) to the tricellular pollen stage (3 days before anthesis). This is the first demonstration of an anther-specific promoter directing tapetum-specific expression in rice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01146774
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 88
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression and inheritance of foreign genes in transgenic peanut plants generated by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation (1997)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 16 (1997), S. 541-544 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Key words Transgenic peanut ; Agrobacterium ; Transformation ; Transgene expression ; Transgene inheritance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract To evaluate and characterize the stability of traits transferred via Agrobacterium transformation, foreign gene expression must be examined in sexually derived progeny. The objective of this study was to analyze three transgenic peanut plants, 1-10, 12-1, and 17-1, for the inheritance and expression of their foreign genes. Segregation ratios for the introduced genes in T2 plants gave either 100% or 3:1 expression of the β-glucuronidase (GUS) gene, demonstrating recovery of both homozygous and heterozygous T1 plants. Fluorometric GUS assay in T1 and T2 generations of all three plants showed that the GUS gene was stably expressed in the progeny. DNA analyses showed 100% concordance between the presence of the foreign gene and enzyme activity. Our results demonstrate that transgenes in peanut introduced by Agrobacterium can be inherited in a Mendelian manner.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01142320
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 89
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic transformation of Populus genotypes with different chimaeric gene constructs: transformation efficiency and molecular analysis (1997)
    Springer
    Transgenic research 6 (1997), S. 111-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9368
    Keywords: Ac ; Agrobacterium ; aspen ; Populus ; transformation ; transposition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Aspen (Populus tremula) and hybrid aspen (P. tremula × P. tremuloides) were transformed with different gene constructs using two types of promoter. The aim was to determine the influence of the reporter gene rolC, controlled by promoters of viral or plant origin, on genetic and morphologic expression of different transgenic aspen clones. An improved transformation method using leaf discs was developed, by which putative transgenic plantlets were regenerated at high efficiencies (up to 34%) on kanamycin-containing medium. Transgenic aspen carrying the rolC gene from Agrobacterium rhizogenes under control of the cauliflower-35S-promoter are reduced in size with smaller leaves, whereas aspen transgenic for the same rolC gene, but under control of the light inducible rbcS promoter from potato, are only slightly reduced in size compared to untransformed controls. However, all clones carrying 35S-rolC and rbcS-rolC genes revealed light-green colouration of leaves when compared to untransformed aspen. Owing to this special feature, constructs were used in which expression of the rolC gene was inhibited by insertion of a transposable element, Ac, from maize. Transgenic aspen transformed with the 35S-Ac-rolC and rbcS-Ac-rolC genes were morphologically similar to untransformed aspen, but out of 54 independently regenerated 35S-Ac-rolC transgenic aspen clones, 30 clones showed light-green/dark green variegated leaves. In contrast, out of 19 independently transformed rbcS-Ac-rolC aspen clones, only two clones revealed light-green/dark green variegated leaves. The role of bacterial strains in transformation, and molecular genetics of transgenic aspen plants (including the function of the transposable element, Ac, in the aspen genome) are discussed
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018421620040
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 90
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Engineered resistance to tomato spotted wilt virus in transgenic peanut expressing the viral nucleocapsid gene (1997)
    Springer
    Transgenic research 6 (1997), S. 297-305 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9368
    Keywords: peanut ; engineered virusresistance ; tomato spotted wiltvirus ; transformation ; nucleocapsid ; gene expression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The nucleocapsid gene of tomato spotted wilt virus Hawaiian L isolate in a sense orientation, and the GUS and NPTII marker genes, were introduced into peanut (Arachis hypogaea cv. New Mexico Valencia A) using Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Modifications to a previously defined transformation protocol reduced the time required for production of transformed peanut plants. Transgenes were stably integrated into the peanut genome and transmitted to progeny. RNA expression and production of nucleocapsid protein in transgenic peanut were observed. Progeny of transgenic peanut plants expressing the nucleocapsid gene showed a 10- to 15-day delay in symptom development after mechanical inoculations with the donor isolate of tomato spotted wilt virus. All transgenic plants were protected from systemic tomato spotted wilt virus infection. Inoculated non-transformed control plants and plants transformed with a gene cassette not containing the nucleocapsid gene became systemically infected and displayed typical tomato spotted wilt virus symptoms. These results demonstrate that protection against tomato spotted wilt virus can be achieved in transgenic peanut plants by expression of the sense RNA of the tomato spotted wilt virus nucleocapsid gene
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018462729127
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 91
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transgenic cotton resistant to herbicide bialaphos (1997)
    Springer
    Transgenic research 6 (1997), S. 385-392 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9368
    Keywords: transgenic cotton ; bialaphos ; particle bombardment ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Resistance to bialaphos, a non-selective herbicide, was intro duced into cotton through genetic engineering. A gene encoding phosphinothric in acetyltransferase (bar) from Streptomyces hygroscopicus was inserted into elite varieties of cotton through particle bombardment. Based on the marker gene, β-glucuronidase (gus) expression, a total of 18 Pima (Gossypium barbadense), 45 DP50 (G. hirsutum L.), 20 Coker 312 (G. hirsutum) and 2 El Dorado (G. hirsutum) transgenic plants were recovered. Integration of the bar gene into cotton genomic DNA was confirmed by Southern blot analysis and gene expression was confirmed by northern blot and enzyme assays. Herbicide (Basta®) tolerance up to 15 000 ppm was demonstrated in greenhouse trials. The newly introduced herbicide tolerance trait is inherited in a Mendelian fashion in the progenies of germline transformants. This study demonstrates the potential for particle bombardment to introduce commerically important genes directly into elite varieties of cotton. This mode of gene transfer can expedite the introduction of transgenic cotton products into world markets
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018483300902
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 92
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of Brassica napus winter cultivars (1997)
    Springer
    Transgenic research 6 (1997), S. 279-288 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9368
    Keywords: Agrobacterium tumefaciens ; Brassica napus ; wintercultivar ; transformation ; GUS ; hygromycin ; kanamycin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract An efficient protocol for Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of six commercial Brassica napus winter cultivars is described. Two B. napus spring cultivars were analysed for comparison. Five strains of A. tumefaciens with different combinations of nopaline and octopine chromosomal backgrounds and virulence plasmids were used for cocultivation. Selection of putative regenerated transgenic plants was performed on kanamycin- or hygromycin-containing media. The scores of transgenic plants were calculated on the basis of GUS (β-glucuronidase) activity, detected by the histochemical X-Gluc test. Target tissue derived from the cut surface of cotyledon petioles resulted in successful transformation with all the winter cultivars tested. Target tissue from hypocotyl segments resulted in a successful transformation with only one winter cultivar. The transformation rates for B. napus winter cultivars in this study were higher than in previous reports. Southern blot analysis revealed that integration of marker genes occurred in single and in multiple copies and at multiple loci in the genome. The transgenic plants all grew normally and developed fertile flowers after a vernalization period. After self-pollination, Southern blot analysis of selected GUS active F1 plants revealed that introduced marker genes were stably inherited to the next generation. These data demonstrate that morphologically normal, fertile transgenic plants of B. napus winter cultivars can be achieved with both nopaline- and octopine-derived A. tumefaciens strains. This protocol should have a broad application in improvement of Brassica napus winter cultivars by introduction of foreign genes
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018458628218
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 93
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transient expression of anthocyanin genes in barley epidermal cells: potential for use in evaluation of disease response genes (1997)
    Springer
    Transgenic research 6 (1997), S. 233-244 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9368
    Keywords: transformation ; Erysiphe graminis ; powderymildew ; coleoptile
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A transient assay is described that should allow evaluation of the role of host genes in disease response by enhancing or disrupting expression of those genes in specific cells and looking for effects on disease development. The assay also has the potential for assessing utility of host and non-host genes in enhancing resistance to disease in transgenic plants. Particle bombardment with a helium discharge particle gun was utilized to transiently express genes in epidermal cells of coleoptiles of barley (Hordeum vulgare). An anthocyanin reporter gene construct provided a means of identifying those cells that were transiently expressing introduced DNA. Optimal transient expression rates were achieved two days following bombardment with 1800 psi helium pressure, 1.0 μm diameter gold particles, and coleoptile pre- and post-treatment in 0.30--0.35 m mannitol/sorbitol. Under optimal conditions, at least 35 cells expressed anthocyanin per bombardment. Transiently expressing cells were inoculated with the fungal pathogen, Erysiphe graminis f. sp. hordei, and fungal development observed. Neither the bombardment procedures, the presence of nearby dead cells, nor accumulation of anthocyanin within living cells affected fungal development in living cells. Therefore, incorporation of disease-related genes onto the same plasmid as the reporter genes will allow evaluation of the role of those genes in disease development or suppression. Since particle bombardment is possible with a great range of different plant tissues, the described methodology should exhibit wide applicability for evaluating genes in diverse plant-pathogen interactions, as well as genes involved in many other biological processes
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018498309562
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 94
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    BET Sample Pretreatment of Synthetic Ferrihydrite and its Influence on the Determination of Surface Area and Porosity (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of porous materials 4 (1997), S. 165-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4854
    Keywords: ferrihydrite ; hematite ; BET ; porosity ; catalyst ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Ferrihydrite is a poorly-ordered iron oxyhydroxide which possesses a high specific surface area (〉200 m2/g). This makes it an important constituent for surface related processes in nature and catalysis. This study focuses on the precautions that have to be taken in the sample preparation prior to BET measurements in order to avoid essential structural transformations. The experiments showed that temperatures between 90 and 120°C are necessary to remove surface contaminations and simultaneously prevent structural transformation of the ferrihydrite during the outgassing procedure. Furthermore, care has to be taken to keep the humidity low in the immediate proximity of the sample, due to the strong impact of this parameter on the structural stability of ferrihydrite.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009610800182
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 95
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enhanced resistance to two stem borers in an aromatic rice containing a synthetic cryIA(b) gene (1997)
    Springer
    Molecular breeding 3 (1997), S. 401-414 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9788
    Keywords: Bacillus thuringiensis ; Chilo suppressalis ; biolistic ; rice ; Scirpophaga incertulas ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Rice cultivars of isozyme group V include high-quality, aromatic rices that are difficult to improve by traditional methods because of the loss of quality characters upon sexual hybridization. Their low-tillering plant type predisposes them to economic loss from attack by stem borers, a group of insects to which they are susceptible. We report here the enhancement of stem borer resistance in cv. Tarom Molaii through transformation by microprojectile bombardment. Embryogenic calli derived from mature seeds were bombarded with gold particles coated with plasmid pCIB4421, carrying a synthetic truncated toxin gene based on the cryIA(b) gene from Bacillus thuringiensis, and plasmid pHygII, carrying the hygromycin phosphotransferase (hpt) selectable marker gene. Inclusion of 50 mg/l hygromycin B in culture media from bombardment through to rooting of plantlets eliminated escapes. The procedure generated three independent hpt transformants of which two also contained the cryIA(b) gene. One such line (No. 827) produced truncated (67 kDa) CryIA(b) protein equivalent to about 0.1% of total soluble protein. The cryIA(b) gene was controlled by the promoter of the maize C4 PEP carboxylase gene and was expressed in leaf blades but was not expressed to a detectable level in dehulled mature grain. Line 827 contained about 3 copies of the cryIA(b) gene which segregated as a single dominant Mendelian locus in the second (T1) and third (T2) generations and co-segregated with enhanced resistance to first-instar larvae of striped stem borer (Chilo suppressalis) and yellow stem borer (Scirpophaga incertulas). T2 line 827-6 homozygous for the cryIA(b) gene showed no dead hearts or whiteheads after infestation with stem borers, whereas T2 line 827-25 lacking the gene averaged 7 dead hearts per plant and 2.25 whiteheads per plant. These results establish that transformation of high-quality rices of group V is a feasible alternative to sexual hybridization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009695324100
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 96
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of ROL gene transformed plants of Rosa hybrida L. and characterization of their rooting ability (1997)
    Springer
    Molecular breeding 3 (1997), S. 39-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9788
    Keywords: adventitious root formation ; Agrobacterium tumefaciens ; A. rhizogenes ; rootstock ; rose ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Transgenic plants of the rootstock Rosa hybrida L. cv. Moneyway were produced via a two-step procedure. First, kanamycin-resistant roots were generated on stem slices from micropropagated shoots, which were cocultivated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens containing the neomycin phosphotransferase II (NPTII) gene for conferring kanamycin resistance, together with individual ROL genes from A. rhizogenes. Root formation was quite efficient and up to two kanamycin-resistant roots per stem slice were produced. In the second step, these roots were used to regenerate transgenic plants via somatic embryogenesis. Although regeneration lasted up to 12 months, production of several transformants was successfully accomplished. Untransformed escapes were not found, indicating that the initial selection on kanamycin resistance was reliable. The presence of a combination of ROLA, B and C genes enhanced adventitious root formation on micropropagated shoots and explants of stems and leaves. It appears that the auxin sensitivity was increased to such a degree that cells were able to respond even to endogenous auxins present in shoots and leaves. Rooting experiments in greenhouse demonstrated that adventitious root formation on cuttings was improved threefold upon introduction of these ROL genes. It is concluded that a method was developed for the production of ROL gene transformed roses with improved rooting characteristics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009617704014
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 97
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular cloning and expression analysis of dihydroflavonol 4-reductase gene in flower organs of Forsythia × intermedia (1997)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 35 (1997), S. 303-311 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: competitive PCR ; flavonoid pathway ; Forsythia ; gene expression ; transformation ; woody ornamentals
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The expression, during flower development, of the gene encoding the anthocyanin pathway key enzyme dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR) was investigated in floral organs of Forsythia × intermedia cv. ‘Spring Glory’. Full-length DFR and partial chalcone synthase (CHS) cDNAs, the gene of interest and a flavonoid pathway control gene respectively, were obtained from petal RNA by reverse transcription PCR. Whereas for CHS northern blot analysis enabled the study of its expression pattern, competitive PCR assays were necessary to quantify DFR mRNA levels in wild-type plants and in petals of 2 transgenic clones containing a CaMV 35S promoter-driven DFR gene of Antirrhinum majus. Results indicated a peak of CHS and DFR transcript levels in petals at the very early stages of anthesis, and different expression patterns in anthers and sepals. In comparison to wild-type plants, transformants showed a more intense anthocyanin pigmentation of some vegetative organs, and a dramatic increase in DFR transcript concentration and enzymatic activity in petals. However, petals of transformed plants did not accumulate any anthocyanins. These results indicate that other genes and/or regulatory factors should be considered responsible for the lack of anthocyanin production in Forsythia petals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005881032409
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 98
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Use of Sonication for the Efficient Delivery of Plasmid DNA into Cells (1997)
    Springer
    Pharmaceutical research 14 (1997), S. 750-756 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-904X
    Keywords: DNA delivery ; cells ; sonication ; cavitation ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Purpose. Ultrasonic methods have considerable potential for the introduction of macromolecules into cells. In this paper we demonstrate that, under controlled conditions, application of 20kHz ultrasound to a suspension of yeast cells facilitates the delivery of plasmid DNA into these cells. Methods. Aliquots of growing yeast cells (Saccharomyces cerevisae, strain AH22) were suspended in buffer and exposed to 20kHz ultrasound from a laboratory (probe-type) sonicator in the presence of microgram quantities of plasmid DNA. Efficiency of DNA delivery was scored as the number of cells transformed. Results. Cell transformation was optimal at 30 seconds sonication using an output of 2.0 watts and resulted in a 20 fold enhancement over control values. At extended sonication times, fewer cells showed evidence of transformation because of reduced cell viability. The increased DNA uptake and the decreased cell viability were both attributable to acoustic cavitation events during sonication. The extent of acoustic cavitation was measured and it was found that there was an increase in cavitation events with increased sonication time. Cell viability was shown to be directly related to the number of cavitation events. The effects of sonication on plasmid DNA were investigated and indicated that the structural integrity of plasmid DNA was unaffected by the sonication conditions employed. Conclusions. Under controlled conditions, ultrasound is an effective means of delivering plasmid DNA into cells. The subsequent expression of DNA molecules in cells depends upon a balance between transient cell damage and cell death.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1012198321879
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 99
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transgenic sugar beet tolerant to glyphosate (1997)
    Springer
    Euphytica 94 (1997), S. 83-91 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Agrobacterium tumefaciens ; Beta vulgaris ; 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-synthase ; glyphosate ; herbicide ; sugar beet ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) lines transformed with the 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase gene (CP4 EPSPS) from Agrobacterium sp. CP4 and a glyphosate oxidase reductase gene (GOX) also isolated from bacteria resulted in the development of lines highly tolerant to glyphosate. Glyphosate (N-phosphonomethyl-glycine) is the active ingredient in Roundup®, herbicide. The EPSPS enzyme is involved in the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids. Glyphosate binds irreversible to the EPSPS and inhibits the pathway. GOX degrades glyphosate into non-toxic compounds. 260 independent transformants have been evaluated in greenhouse and field trials for tolerance to Roundup® in 1993 and 1994. Variation of tolerance was recorded between different transformants, ranging from complete susceptibility to full tolerance. The Agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated transformation resulted in a negative correlation between copy number of the T-DNA insert and the level of tolerance to the herbicide. Transformants which contain a single copy insert showed tolerance to higher doses of glyphosate than transformants with multiple copies. Two transgenic lines were identified that showed agronomically useful tolerance to glyphosate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1002967607727
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 100
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dna insertional mutagenesis for the elucidation of a Photosystem II repair process in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (1997)
    Springer
    Photosynthesis research 53 (1997), S. 173-184 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5079
    Keywords: Chlamydomonas reinhardtii ; mutagenesis ; photoinhibition ; Photosystem II ; repair cycle ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The work outlines the isolation of transformant Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cells that appear to be unable to repair Photosystem II from photoinhibitory damage. A physiological and biochemical characterization of three mutants is presented. The results show differential stability for the D1 reaction center protein in the three mutants compared to the wild type and suggest lesions that affect different aspects of the Photosystem II repair mechanism. In the ag16.2 mutant, significantly greater amounts of D1 accumulate in the thylakoid membrane than in the wild type under steady-state growth conditions, and D1 loss is significantly retarded in the presence of the protein biosynthesis inhibitor chloramphenicol. Moreover, aberrant electrophoretic mobility of D1 in the ag16.2 suggests that this protein is modified to an as yet unknown configuration. These results indicate that the biosynthesis and/or degradation of D1 is altered in this strain. A different type of mutation occurred in the kn66.7 and kn27.4 mutants of C. reinhardtii. The stability of D1 declined much faster as a function of light intensity in these mutants than in the wild type. Thereby, the threshold of photoinhibition in these mutants was significantly lower than that in the wild type. It appears that kn66.7 and kn27.4 are similar conditional mutants, with the only difference between them being the amplitude of the chloroplast response to the mutation and the differential sensitivity they display to the level of irradiance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005867709441
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...