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  • 1975-1979  (8)
  • 1960-1964  (12)
  • 1890-1899
  • 1860-1869
  • Fibers
  • Heterocycles
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesen von Aminomethylen-γ-halogenacetessigsäurederivaten und deren Ringschlußreaktionen zu 3-Hydroxypyrrolen, Pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidonen bzw. 4-Chinolonen β,β-Diacyl-enamine und-enole, 5. Mitt. (1979)
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 110 (1979), S. 1387-1405 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Enamines, synthesis ; Heterocycles
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Condensation of alkyl γ-haloacetoacetates (or γ-chloroacetoacetanilide) with triethoxymethane and primary (hetero)aromatic amines gives in a one step synthesis under mild conditions new β,β-diacyl-enamines (2 a-m, 3 a-d). In contrast, the N-alkylsubstituted derivatives could be synthesized only in a two step procedurevia the enolethers6 a, b. According to their ir-specra, most of the aminomethylene-γ-haloacetoacetic acid derivatives are stereochemically fixed either in theE- orZ-form. The pmr-spectra, however, show that they exist as mixtures of at least two isomers in solution. With KOH or sodium acetate, a ring closure to 3-hydroxy-pyrroles (8, 9) could be achieved whereas with pyridine only quarternary pyridinium salts (11) are formed. Acidic (orLewis acidic) condensing agents leave the chloroacetyl group unaffected and give either free carboxylic acids (2 p-r) pyrido-[1,2-a]pyrimidones (12) or 4-quinolones (13), depending on the type of the molecule and the reaction temperatures employed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00938295
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    From the Principle of Areno-Analogy to Heterocyclopolyaromatic CompoundsHeterocyclopolyaromatic Compounds, Part 8. - Part 7: ref. [40a].Dedicated to Georg Wittig (1979)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 18 (1979), S. 1-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Areno-analogy ; Heterocyclopolyaromatic compounds ; Heterocycles ; Heteroaromatic compounds ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Organometallic linkage of heteroaromatic compounds provided a means of synthesizing complicated combinations of heteroaromatic compounds; not only nucleophilic aromatic substitution, but also “Ar—Cu/Ar—Hal linkage”, “organometallic oxidative linkage”, and “metal amide linkage” have been employed. The heterocyclopolyaromatic compounds are made of one, two, or three kinds of heteroaromatic species as ring members. These syntheses illustrate the construction of heterocycles from large, performed structural units. Competition experiments showed that the reactivity typical of the individual species is enhanced in open-chain combinations (ArNu)n and (ArE)n (ArNu, ArE: nucleo- and electrophilic heteroaromatic systems, respectively); the opposite situation is mostly encountered in the case of ArNu—AE combinations. - Cycloocta[1,2-b:4,3-b′5,6-b″:8,7-b‴]tetrathiophene, the only heterocyclopolyaromatic system yet to have been studied in detail, proved surprisingly inclined to undergo monosubstitution reactions.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.197900013
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Golgi study on cat hippocampal formation (1978)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 153 (1978), S. 331-350 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Hippocampus ; Cell types ; Fibers ; Golgi method ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The Golgi architecture of the Fascia dentata and hippocampus is described in the cat. The main cell types are like those found in other species. The initial collaterals of granule cell axons were demonstrated and are commented on. The interneurons proved to be of several types and subtypes not observed in lower species. The intrinsic fibers and few of the afferents — both in the dentate fascia and in the hippocampus — are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00315935
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of hormones on nucleolar growth and vacuolation in elongating cotton fibers (1978)
    Springer
    Planta 140 (1978), S. 269-273 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Abscisic acid ; Auxin Cell elongation ; Fibers ; Gibberellin ; Gossypium ; Nucleolus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A rather precise combination of the three phytohormones, gibberellic acid, auxin, and abscisic acid, is necessary for the considerable growth of fiber nucleoli in Gossypium hirsutum L. for about 8 days after anthesis and for nucleolar “vacuolation” in the second half of that period. Nucleolar growth and vacuolation must occur in a precise sequence for the fiber to reach a good final length. Nucleolar vacuolation indicates simultaneous output and neosynthesis of nucleolar material.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00390259
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal and Photochemical Cycloelimination of Nitrogen (1977)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 16 (1977), S. 835-851 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Cycloelimination ; Nitrogen cycloelimination ; Carbenes ; Heterocycles ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Cyclic azo compounds including heteroaromatics with a N=N bond of strong double-bond character can eliminate molecular nitrogen on addition of sufficient thermal energy or on electronic excitation. Some substrates decompose spontaneously, others are moderately or even extremely resistant to N2-elimination. From a preparative point of view this type of reaction opens a variety of interesting possibilities, e.g. the synthesis of small carbocycles or heterocycles, strained bi- and polycycles, as well as cage compounds. From a theoretical mechanistic viewpoint, current importance attaches to the primary fragments such as carbenes, diradicals, trimethylene, trimethylenemethane, dipoles, ylides, antiaromatic 4π-systems, unstable cycloalkynes, and arynes.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.197708351
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heterocyclic Systems Having Eight π-Electrons. Synthesis, Properties, and SignificanceBased on a lecture delivered at the Chemiedozententagung, Stuttgart, April 1974. - Heterocyclic 8π-Systems, Part 9. - Part 8: ref. [42]. (1975)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 14 (1975), S. 581-591 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Heterocycles ; Aromaticity ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The terms “aromatic” and “antiaromatic” have attracted widespread interest in recent years. After all the discussion about the meaning of words, one fact remains: the energy content of planar systems displaying cyclic electron delocalization depends upon the number of, and the orbital interactions between, the participating electrons. The concept underlying this progress report is that the electronic destabilization of systems having eight π-electrons should be especially pronounced in the case of six-membered rings for steric and electronic reasons. Such systems are found primarily in anionic, but also in neutral, heterocycles containing hetero ring members which possess electron pairs capable of delocalizing into the π-system. The production and reactivity of such systems are investigated and their biological significance discussed.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.197505811
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heterocycles as Structural Units in New Optical BrightenersDedicated to Professor Siegfried Petersen on the occasion of his 65th birthday (1975)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 14 (1975), S. 665-679 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Heterocycles ; Optical brighteners ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Optical brighteners are used in detergents, textiles, paper, plastics, and paints. Most optical brighteners contain heterocycles such as coumarins, 2-pyrazolines, naphthalimides, pyrazoles, triazoles, oxadiazoles, and triazines. In this article the syntheses, properties, and applications of new optical brighteners are described with references to patent literature.
    Additional Material: 7 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.197506651
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Formation, Detection, and Reactions of Phosphinidenes (Phosphanediyls)According to Chemical Abstracts the species H - P: is termed “phosphinidene” [CAS Registry Number 13967-14-1], and their derivatives are termed “phosphinidenes”. According to IUPAC Rule D-5.14 the correct term is “phosphanediyl”. (1975)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 14 (1975), S. 523-528 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Phosphinidenes ; Phosphanediyl compounds ; Heterocycles ; Cyclophosphanes ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Formation and detection of phosphinidenes (R—P̈:) in the decomposition of cyclophosphanes and in the reaction of dichlorophosphanes with metals are considered critically. Only in the thermolysis of pentaphenylcyclopentaphosphane can phenylphosphinidene be detected with certainty by pyrolysis-mass spectroscopy. “Trapping reactions” such as “insertion” into S—S or As—As bonds, and addition reactions with 1,2-diketones, 1,3-dienes, or alkynes can also be interpreted without the assumption of free phosphinidenes. The pyrolysis products of cyclophosphanes add to 1,3-dienes and alkynes, yielding five- and six-membered heterocycles that contain one to three phosphorus atoms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.197505231
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Three-Membered Rings Containing Two Hetero-Atoms (1964)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 3 (1964), S. 333-341 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Strained molecules ; Heterocycles ; Diaziridines ; Diazirines ; Oxaziranes ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Since their discovery five years ago, the diaziridines have become an extensive and easily accessible class of compounds. Hydrolysis of these compounds effects a simple synthesis of hydrazine, alkylhydrazines, and N,N′-dialkylhydrazines. They are also powerful oxidizing agents. The rigidity of the three-membered ring gives rise to a few stereoelectronic peculiarities. Investigations on the mechanism of formation of the three-membered rings led to a new synthesis of oxaziranes and to discovery of the isomeric oximes with a three-membered ring structure. The latter decompose readily to form diimide. Diazirines are cyclic isomers of the aliphatic diazo compounds and are surprisingly easy to obtain by dehydrogenation of suitable diaziridines; they are chemically much more stable than the linear isomers. Grignard reagents add onto the N=N double bond without destruction of the three-membered ring. Thermal decomposition yields carbenes.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196403331
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Chemistry of New Heat-Resistant Films and Fibers (1964)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 3 (1964), S. 460-470 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Heat resistance ; Fibers ; Polymers ; Materials science ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: This survey is principally concerned with papers published since 1959 on hydrocarbon polymers, aliphatic poly(terephthalamide) fibers, poly(hydroxybenzoic acid) films, poly(oxadiazole) fibers, poly(benzimidazole) films, poly(phenyltriazole) films, poly(pyromellitimide) films, and fibers from cyclized poly(acrylonitrile). All these materials have extremely high melting points and satisfactory in-use characteristics at high temperatures.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196404601
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics and Mechanism of 1,3-Dipolr CycloadditionsExtended version of a lecture given at the Annual Meeting of the Dechema in Frankfurt/Main on June 14th, 1962, and of the Max Tishler Lecture at Harvard University on December 10th, 1962. (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 2 (1963), S. 633-645 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Kinetics ; Dipolar cycloaddition ; Cycloaddition ; Heterocycles ; Reaction mechanisms ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Criteria for the mechanism of 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions which lead to 5-membered rings are provided by the stereoselectivity observed with cis-trans isomeric dipolarophiles, by the effect of solvent and substituents on the rate constants, by the activation parameters, and by orientation phenomena. A concerted addition, which can also be described in terms of molecular orbitals and in which the two new σ-bonds are formed simultaneously, although not necessarily at equal rates, offers the best explanation of the experimental facts.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196306331
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Syntheses of Heterocyclic Compounds from Aminoguanidine (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 2 (1963), S. 459-476 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Aminoguanidine ; Heterocycles ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Due to its unique structure, aminoguanidine is capable of reacting as a derivative of hydrazine, guanidine or formamidine. Addition and condensation reactions yield products which can be cyclized to heterocyclic compounds. Frequently, heterocyclics are directly accessible from aminoguanidine in one stage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196304591
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    1,3-Dipolar Cycloadditions. Past and FutureExtended version of lectures given at the Chemists' Meeting in Vienna (Austria) October 1961, and at the Gordon Research Conference, New Hampton (U.S.A.), 1961. (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 2 (1963), S. 565-598 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Dipolar cycloaddition ; Cycloaddition ; Heterocycles ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In contrast to the very large number of special methods applicable to syntheses in the heterocyclic series, relatively few general methods are available. The 1,3-dipolar addition offers a remarkably wide range of utility in the synthesis of five-membered heterocycles. Here the “1,3-dipole”, which can only be represented by zwitterionic octet resonance structures, combines in a cycloaddition with a multiple bond system - the “dipolarophile” - to form an uncharged five-membered ring. Although numerous individual examples of this reaction were known, some even back in the nineteenth century, fruitful development of this synthetic principle has been achieved only in recent years.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196305651
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oligomers and Pleionomers of Synthetic Fiber-Forming Polymers (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 2 (1963), S. 410-420 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Oligomers ; Pleionomers ; Polymers ; Fibers ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The term “oligomer” is defined, and a survey of methods for the isolation and synthesis of cyclic and linear oligoesters, oligourethanes, oligo(acrylonitriles), and oligoamides is presented. The oligomers serve a valuable function as model substances for the investigation of many properties of the corresponding high polymers. This is shown using several examples (infrared spectroscopy, X-ray spectroscopy, viscosity).
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196304101
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pyrrolidone, Capryllactam and Laurolactam as new Monomers for Polyamide FibersFrom a lecture delivered at the meeting of the Plastics and Rubber Section of the Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker on April 9th, 1962, in Bad Nauheim (Germany). (1962)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 1 (1962), S. 430-435 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Pyrrolidone ; Polyamides ; Fibers ; Lactams ; Polymerization ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The industrial production of capryllactam (1-azacyclononan-2-one) and of laurolactam (1-azacyclotridecan-2-one) starts with cyclization of acetylene or butadeine to give cyclooctatetraene or cyclooctadiene, or cyclization of butadiene to give cyclododecatriene. Further steps are: oxidation of the cyclic hydrocarbon to the ketone, formation of the oxime, and rearrangement of the latter with sulfuric acid. Pyrrolidone can be prepared from acetylene and formaldehyde by way of butyrolactone. The behavior of the lactams during polycondensation is described and the properties of the resulting fibers are compared with those of the known polyamide fibers.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196204301
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    β-Lactams, Their Polymerization and Use as Raw Materials for FibersFrom a lecture delivered on April 9th, 1962 at a meeting of the GDCh-Fachgruppe “Kunstsoffe and Kautschuk” Plastics and Rubber Division of the German Chemical Society in Bad Nauheim. (1962)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 1 (1962), S. 481-488 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Lactams ; Polymerization ; Fibers ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: β-Lactams can be prepared by cyclization of β-aimno acid esters. Recently they have become available also from olefins by addition of N-carbonysulfamyl chloride (isocyanatosulfonyl chloride) and from aldehydes by reaction with N-carbonylsulfamyl chloride and ketene. Condensative or anionic polymerization results in polyamides the chains of which contain many more amide groups than the chains of polyamides of the nylon-6 type. Hence the new polymers resemble silk moreclosely. Fibers and films can be prepared from solution.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196204811
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dyeing of Poly(acrylonitrile) Fibers with Azatrimethinecyanines (1962)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 1 (1962), S. 532-537 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Polyacrylonitrile ; Fibers ; Azatrimethinecyanines ; Dyes/Pigments ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Like all basic dyes, azatrimethinecyanines possess a good dyeing affinity for acrylic fibers. Compounds with isolated nitrogen atoms in the trimethine chain show insufficient light fastness, whereas good to excellent fastness to light is displayed by compounds having neighboring nitrogen atoms in the chain. Thus, a working hypothesis stating that the light fastness of trimethinecyanines on acrylic fibers is improved by progressive replacement of methine groups by nitrogen atoms has been partially confirmed.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196205321
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Elastomeric Fibers Based on PolyurethanesFrom a report delivered on April 10th, 1962 at the meeting of the GDCh-Fachgruppe “Kunststoffe und Kautschuk” (Plastics and Rubber Group of the German Chemical Society) in Bad Nauheim. (1962)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 1 (1962), S. 419-424 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Elastomers ; Fibers ; Polyurethanes ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Highly elastic polyurethanes suitable for fiber production can be obtained by various synthetic routes based on diisocyanate polyaddition processes. Macrodiisocyanates obtained from long chain diols and diisocyanates are allowed to react with polyamines during fiber formation (chemical spinning process) or the macrodiisocyanates are treated in solvents (e.g. dimethylformamide) with polyamines to give highly viscous, spinnable solutions of polymer. Both methods yield highly elastic polymers with wide-mesh network structures. The production of polyurethane fibers and their structures and physical properties are described.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196204191
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copolymers and Fibers from VinylidenedicarbonitrileLecture at the Meeting of the Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker, Section “Kunststoffe und Kautschuk”, on April 10th. 1962 at Bad Nauheim (Germany). (1962)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 1 (1962), S. 425-430 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Copolymers ; Fibers ; Vinylidenedicarbonitrile ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Vinyldendicarbonitrile (Vinylidene cyanide) on free redical catalyzed copolymerization shows a much stronger tendency to form 1:1 alternating copolymers than acrylonitrile. While bulk poly(vinylidene cyanide) fails to crystallize, despite its molecular symmetry, several alternating copolymers are readily crystallizable, notably those containing butadiene, isoprene, isobutylene, or vinylidene chloride. Fibers have been prepared from a number of the higher melting copolymers and examined for physical properties. Fibers from the vinyl acetate and vinyl chloride copolymers show expectional elastic behavior both when dry and wet. The fiber from the vinylidene cyanide |vinyl acetate alternating copolymer (Darvan® nytril fiber) is only moderately oriented and is characterized by exceptional softness and excellent elastic recovery and resilience, both when dry and wet.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196204251
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long Periods in Drawn PolyethyleneFrom a lecture delivered on Apr. 11th 1962 at the meeting of the GDCh-Fachgruppe “Kunststoffe und Kautschuk” (Plastics and Rubber Division of the German Chemical Society) in Bad Nauheim. (1962)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 1 (1962), S. 488-499 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Long periods ; Polyethylene ; Fibers ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Meridional reflections appearing in small-angle X-ray diffraction diagrams of drawn polyethylene are caused by a nearly periodic arrangement of crystalline and disordered regions. The long period, which is determined by the average distance between two consecutive crystallites, depends on the method of preparing the sample. The time and temperature dependences of the positions of the small-angle reflections have been investigated. The growth of the long period of unoriented bulk polyethlene and polyethylene single crystal follows the same time dependence as that of stretched films. However, characteristic differences were obseved in the relationship between density and long period; they are attributed to the fact that in single crystals and in material crystallized from the melt, the chains are folded at the boundaries of the crystallites, whereas this in not the case in stretched polyethylene.
    Additional Material: 25 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196204881
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