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  • 2005-2009
  • 1960-1964  (4,942)
  • 1920-1924  (1,847)
  • Organic Chemistry  (4,464)
  • Cell & Developmental Biology  (2,325)
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Year
  • 1
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 23 (1964), S. 34-37 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Durch Umsatz von Coffeino-8-hydrazin mit Kaliumcyanat wird Coffeino-8-semicarbazid, mit Kalium- oder Ammoniumrhodanid Coffeino-8-thiosemicarbazid, mit Maleinsäureanhydrid in konz. Salzsäure 1-(Coffeino-(8))-3,6-dioxo-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridazin erhalten.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 23 (1964), S. 143-148 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Der sterische Verlauf der WITTIG-Reaktion und seine Abhängigkeit von äußeren Bedingungen wird untersucht. Als wichtigster Faktor für das cis-trans-Verhältnis der entstandenen Olefine erweist sich das Lösungsmittel.
    Additional Material: 7 Tab.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 23 (1964), S. 188-196 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 1. The method of forming seleno salts and then decomposing them with excess of acid for the precipitation of selenides was extended to the estimation of molybdenum, iridium and indium. 2. It was found possible to estimate cadmium, bismuth, lead and zinc as selenides by direct precipitation with sodium selenide reagent. 3. It was found that copper, nickel, cobalt and manganese cannot be estimated as selenides for various reasons.
    Additional Material: 7 Tab.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 23 (1964), S. 225-233 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es werden die Darstellungsverfahren verschiedener Aryl-,Aryl-äthylen-imidazole sowie von Bis-[aryl-imidazolyl-(2)]-benzolen beschrieben und ihr spektrales Verhalten diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 23 (1964), S. 104-107 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The nature of 2-(p-sulphophenylazo)-1.8 dihydroxy naphthalene 3.6-disulphonic acid (SPANDS) (in aqueous solution) as a colloidal electrolyte has been determined by the electrical conducance studies. The curve obtained by plotting the square root of concentration and the molar conductance was not linear and resembled that of colloidal electrolytes. The temperature of zero conductance as determined by extrapolation is -22.5°C. The temperature coefficient per degree centigrade per hundred of the conductance at 35°C is between 1.5 and 1.7.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 23 (1964), S. 136-142 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Unsymmetrisch alkyl- und aryl-substituierte Cyclohexene werden mit Jodisocyanat umgesetzt. Die Konstitution der Additionsprodukte wird durch Reaktionsfolgen zu bekannten Verbindungen aufgeklärt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 23 (1964), S. 173-176 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Bei der Reduktion von Cholest-4-en-3-on-oxim mit Lithiumaluminiumhydrid und anschließender Acetylierung erhält man 3β-Acetamino-cholest-4-en in befriedigender Ausbeute, das 3β-Epimere dagegen nur in geringer Menge. Ein besseres Verfahren zur Darstellung von 3α-Acetamino-cholest-4-en besteht in der Umsetzung von 3β-Chlor-cholest-4-en zum Azid, partieller Reduktion und Acetylierung.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Kondensation von α-Bromacetaldehyddiäthylacetal mit Phenoläthern ergibt O-Methylderivate des 2-Brom-1,1-bis-(phenyl)-äthans, die sich beim Erhitzen unter Bromwasserstoffabspaltung in O-methylierte Stilbene umlagern. Die Kondensation von Benzaldehyd-bisaminalen mit Ketonen, die geeignete elektronenliefernde Reste tragen (R—CH2—CO—R'), führt zu N-substituierten β-Aminoketonen.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 24 (1964), S. 269-273 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Determination of Iodine value of hydrogenated Groundnut oil treated with active sugar charcoal impregnated with Nickel Nitrate solution of different concentrations indicates Nickel in combination with active sugar charcoal acts as an effective catalyst in the process of hydrogenation of vegetables oils, viz. Groundnut oil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 24 (1964), S. 312-314 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es wird über die Darstellung von Tetra-p-vinylphenyl-silan mit Hilfe der WITTIG-Reaktion berichtet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 24 (1964), S. 83-90 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Experiments with the system: Cobalt nitrate-uranyl nitrate-water, viz. conductivity, pH, refractive index and spectrophotometry revealed the existence of the following compounds in the solution: \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$\begin{array}{*{20}c} \hfill{\rm (i)} & {\rm Co(NO_3)_2 \cdot UO_2(NO_3)_2}\\ \hfill{\rm (ii)} & {\rm 2 Co(NO_3)_2 \cdot UO_2(NO_3)_2}\\ \hfill{\rm (iii)} & {\rm 3 Co(NO_3)_2 \cdot UO_2(NO_3)_2} \end{array}$$\end{document}.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 26 (1964), S. 24-31 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Am Beispiel der Synthese des 1,2,4,5-Tetrabenzyl-benzols aus Tetrachlordurol und Benzol wird die Brauchbarkeit verschiedener Katalysatoren zur Darstellung von Polybenzylbenzolen untersucht. Außer FeCl3 zeigt lediglich SbCl5 noch eine gleich gute Wirksamkeit. Alle anderen untersuchten Katalysatoren ergaben geringere Ausbeuten oder gar keine Umsetzung. ZrCl4 erwies sich als sehr aktiver Katalysator, wirkt aber ebenso spaltend wie AlCl3.Durch partielle Vergiftung mit Aceton oder POCl3 kann die spaltende Wirkung des AlCl3 herabgesetzt und in gewissem Umfange Tetrabenzylbenzol erhalten werden. Die Zumischung von FeCl3 zum AlCl3 hat die gleiche Wirkung. Ganz allgemein ist festzustellen, daß optimale Ausbeuten bei Verwendung von jeweils 0,4 Molen des betreffenden Katalysators auf 1 Mol Tetrachlordurol erhalten werden.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 26 (1964), S. 54-57 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es wird ein Verfahren zur Gewinnung der Nucleotide Adenylsäure, Guanylsäure, Uridylsäure und Cytidylsäure unter Umgehung der Isolierung von Hefe-Ribonucleinsäure durch direkte Hydrolyse des Hefeextraktes beschrieben.
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 26 (1964), S. 333-339 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 1,1,1-Trichloracetylaceton (I) und ω, ω, ω-Trichlorbenzoylaceton (II) sind aus den Kondensationsprodukten von Trichloracetonitril an Acetylaceton bzw. Benzoylaceton leicht zugänglich. I reagiert mit Aminen und mit Hydrazin je nach den Bedingungen unter Erhalt oder unter Eliminierung der Trichlormethylgruppe. Über das Anil von I wurde 2-Methyl-4-trichlormethyl-chinolin (IX) erhalten. I kann mit Hydrazin zu 3-Methyl-5-trichlormethylpyrazol (XI) oder zu 3-Methyl-pyrazolon-(5) (XIII) cyclisiert werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 26 (1964), S. 43-47 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Uracil-5- und Uracil-6-carbonsäure (= Orotsäure) lassen sich durch Umsatz mit primären und sekundären Aminen bei Gegenwart von Phosphoroxychlorid oder auch Polyphosphorsäuren einfach und in guten Ausbeuten in Amide überführen.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 26 (1964), S. 58-66 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es werden die Bedingungen zur Bildung von MANNICH-Basen aus Acetophenon, Formaldehyd und Aminen der Trityl-, Benzhydryl- und tert.-Butylreihe sowie die Möglichkeit untersucht, die genannten Gruppen selektiv aus den betreffenden MANNICH-Basen abzuspalten. In Übereinstimmung mit den theoretischen Vorstellungen gelingt es mit Hilfe des 4-Methoxybenzhydrylamins, das β-Aminopropiophenon über die Zwischenstufe des β-(4-Methoxybenzhydrylamino)-propiophenons in einer Gesamtausbeute von 60% zu erhalten. Die Ergebnisse lassen den Schluß zu, daß die elektronischen Effekte in der Schutzgruppe sehr fein auf das übrige Molekül abgestimmt sein müssen.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 26 (1964), S. 95-100 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es werden neue Wege zur Synthese des S-Benzyl-homocystein-hydantoins und des S-Benzyl-homocysteins mitgeteilt. Damit sind eine Reihe von Derivaten des D,L-Homocysteins und der D,L-Homocysteinsäure leichter als bisher zugänglich. Das Dichlorid, der Diäthylester, und einige Diamide der N-Phthalyl-D,L-homocysteinsäure werden beschrieben, ebenso einige Triamide der N-Phthaloyl-D,L-homocysteinsäure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 26 (1964), S. 130-136 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden die Fe(III)-, Co(II)-, Ni(II)-, Cu(II)-, Zn(II),-VVIO- und UVIO2-Chelate des Bis-Salicylaldehyd-β,β′-diiminodiäthylamins beschrieben. Zur Charakterisierung wurden die IR-Spektren herangezogen. Es handelt sich durchweg um 1:1-Chelate, wobei möglicherweise nur im Falle des Uranylchelats alle 5 Donatorgruppen an der Chelatbildung beteiligt sind. Für die Co(II)- und die Cu(II)-Chelate ergaben sich eindeutig planare Ausrichtungen der vier dsp2-Hybridbahnen, während die Zn(II)- und UVIO2-Chelate räumliche Anordnung zeigen.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 26 (1964), S. 147-149 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Salicylamid und seine O-Äther, wie O-Äthoxy-salicylamid, setzen sich mit Chloralhydrat zu Chloralsalicylamiden (= o-Äthoxybenzoesäure-(β)-trichlor-α-hydroxy-äthyl)-amiden um.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 26 (1964), S. 159-173 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Allopregnan-3β-ol-6,20-dion-20-ketal wird aus Pregnan-3α, 6α-diol-20-on-20-ketal durch selektive Oxydation in 6-Stellung und Epimerisierung der Hydroxylgruppe in 3-Stellung mit nachfolgender Umlagerung in die 5α-Reihe gewonnen. Die Hydrolyse des Ketals liefert Allopregnan-3β-ol-6,20-dion, das auch aus 5-Pregnen-3β-ol-20-on über das 3,5-Cyclopregnan-6β-ol-20-on und das 3,5-Cyclopregnan-6,20-dion dargestellt werden kann.Die Epimerisierung der Hydroxylgruppe wird durch eine Substitution des Tosylates mit Hilfe von Kaliumacetat in Dimethylformamid bewirkt. Zur Theorie dieser Reaktion unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der sterischen Verhältnisse wurden einige Untersuchungen angestellt.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 26 (1964), S. 206-217 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Heptadien-(3,6)-säuremethylester ist eine einfache „Isolen-Säure“ und ist daher als Modellsubstanz geeignet für Studien zur Frage der Einwirkung von molekularem Sauerstoff auf natürliche ungesättigte öle.Die Darstellung dieses Esters wird beschrieben. Durch Peroxygenierung dieser Verbindung entstand ein Gemisch von Hydroperoxyden. Diese wurden durch folgende Abbaureaktionen nachgewiesen und identifiziert: Hydrierung des peroxygenierten Produktes, Oxydation der gesättigten Hydroxy-önanthsäuremethylester zu den entsprechenden Carbonylverbindungen, SCHMIDTscher Abbau der Carbonylverbindungen, Verseifung der gebildeten Amide und papierchromatograpischer Nachweis der Amine und Aminosäuren.Die Peroxygenierung verläuft nach dem „α-Methylen-Mechanismus“ unter bevorzugter Bildung konjugierter Systeme. Die C=O-Gruppe der veresterten Carboxylgruppe zeigt hierbei den gleichen Einfluß auf die Verschiebung von Doppelbindungen wie eine olefinische Doppelbindung. Vier der fünf theoretisch möglichen Hydroperoxyde wurden nachgewiesen, die Bildung des fünften konnte ausgeschlossen werden.
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 26 (1964), S. 233-261 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Hydrogenolyse des Furankerns von β-Furfurylidenketonen und 1-Furylalkenonen-(1) in Gegenwart von Kupferchromitkatalysatoren verläuft nach beiden Seiten, jedoch unter Bevorzugung der 1-2-Bindung. Dabei entstehen in Ausbeuten von 45-60% d. Th. γ- bzw. ξ-Alkandiole der Kettenlänge C7—C13, bzw. die entsprechenden ω-phenylsubstituierten Alkandiole. Daneben werden 1-Tetrahydrofurylalkanole-3 und 1-Tetrahydrofurylalkane erhalten. Es wird ferner über das Auftreten von Hydrogenolyse-Spaltprodukten berichtet.
    Additional Material: 6 Tab.
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 23 (1964), S. 208-211 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es wird erörtert, ob nicht zwischen Silicium und Sauerstoff Doppelbindungen möglich seien. Man spaltete Polyorganosiloxane mit Alkyläthinylmagnesiumbromiden und fand bei anschließender Hydrolyse Acetylensilanol. Man vermutet einen Ablauf über Alkyläthinylmagnesiumbromsilanolate. Dieser Mechanismus wurde bei der Synthese von Acetylenpolysiloxanen aus den Silanolaten bzw. Alkoholaten und Chlorsilanen gesichert. Wie bei der Spaltung von Polyoxymethylenglykolen, wo Formaldehyd entsteht, bilde sich bei der Depolymerisation von Polysiloxandiolen vorübergehend „Silanon“ R2Si=O.
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  • 25
    Electronic Resource
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 24 (1964), S. 38-73 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die vier isomeren Dichlorthiophene 2,3-, 2,4- und 2,5-Dichlorthiophen wurden bezüglich ihrer Reaktivität, vor allem bei FRIEDEL-CRAFTSSchen Reaktionen untersucht. Die erhaltenen Ketone wurden z. T. in potentielle Thiosemicarbazone übergeführt.Mit ß-Chlorpropionyl-chlorid entstanden die jeweiligen isomeren Chlorketone in hohen Ausbeuten, aus denen MANNICH-Basen durch Substitution des Chloratoms durch sekundäre Amine synthetisiert wurden. Sie zeigen Oberflächenanästhesie, die etwa 5-6mal so stark wie die des Cocains und etwa halb so stark wie die des Falicains ist.Die Darstellung der vier isomeren Dichlorthiophen-aldehyde in hohen Ausbeuten wird beschrieben. - Das chemische Verhalten des 2,3-Dichlor-5-acetyl-thiophens wurde untersucht. Einige Reduktionsmittel führen durch partielle Chlorabspaltung zu substituierten 3-Chlorthiophenen. Für deren Darstellung werden auch andere Wege angegeben.2,3,5-Trichlorthiophen wurde ebenfalls in seinem Verhalten bei einigen Reaktionen untersucht.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 26
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 24 (1964), S. 158-163 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es werden Möglichkeiten aufgezeigt, Aminogruppen über Kohlenstoffbrücken in Kieselsäuregele einzubauen. Dies geschieht durch Umsetzung freier Hydroxylgruppen in Kieselsäuregallerten oder getrockneten Kieselsäuregelen bzw. durch Polykondensation organisch substituierter Siloxane. Die Produkte zeigen Anionenaustauschereigenschaften und sind temperaturbeständig.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 27
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Von gemeinsam gefällten basischen Ni—Mg-Carbonaten und von aus diesen durch CO2-Druck-Hitze-Behandlung hergestellten Mischcarbonaten wurden thermogravimetrische Zersetzungskurven in Wasserstoffatmosphäre aufgenommen; außerdem wurden DEBYE-SCHERRER-Diagramme und mikroskopische Untersuchungen der beschriebenen Substanzen durchgeführt. Bei den carbonisierten Substanzen änderten sich bei etwa 50 Mol-% Ni die Röntgenlinien und die Zersetzungskurven, was auf eine änderung der Zusammensetzung der Mischcarbonate zurückzuführen ist. Unterhalb 50 Mol-% Ni liegen reine, neutrale Mischcarbonate vor, während oberhalb 50 Mol-% Ni die Bildung von Mischkristallen infolge Auftreten basischer Nickelcarbonate noch fraglich ist.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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  • 28
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Halogenierung sowie die Deuterierung der β-ständigen CH-Bindungen von α-Ketosäuren wird, vor allem in Gegenwart von komplexaktiven Metallionen wie Aluminium- und Kupfer-Ionen erheblich beschleunigt. Es konnte gezeigt werden, daß dieser Effekt auf einer säurekatalytischen Beeinflussung der Umwandlungsgeschwindigkeit der Keto- in die Enolform beruht.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 29
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 24 (1964), S. 305-311 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es wird über die Kupferchelate von 3,4-Diacetyl-hexandion-(2,5) und von 3,4-Dibenzoyl-hexandion-(2,5) berichtet. Die feinkristallinen, in gebräuchlichen Lösungsmitteln unlöslichen Kupferverbindungen erweisen sich auf Grund ihrer Zusammensetzung als polymere Chelate von geringem Polymerisationsgrad.Die Infrarotspektren werden diskutiert. Auf das Verhalten weiterer Bis-(1,3-diketone) wird hingewiesen.
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  • 30
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    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 25 (1964), S. 1-6 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Purpurogallintetramethyläther wurde in wasserfreiem und wäßrigem Eisessig bromiert. Anwesenheit von Wasser führt zur Spaltung der Äthergruppe in 1′-Stellung und zur Substitution im 7-Ring.Die Hydroxylgruppe in 1′-Stellung beeinflußt durch die Chelatbindung das Ergebnis der Bromierung. Im wasserfreien Medium werden. Additionsprodukte erhalten. Überschuß an Brom führt zur Substitution am Phenolätherring.
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  • 31
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    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 26 (1964), S. 140-146 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Ultrasonic waves obtained from MULLARD's high frequency ultrasonic generator type E-7562 with a barium titanate transducer having a frequency of I Mc./sec. were employed to study the sonochemical decomposition of aqueous bromoform solution. At constant R. F. output (about 1.7 Kv) to the crystal, the reaction was found to obey the Zero-order kinetics with average velocity constants in standard unit as follows: \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \begin{array}{*{20}c} {{\rm K}_{\rm 8} \left({{\rm Br}_{\rm 2},{\rm Br}^ - } \right) = 8.211 \cdot 10^{ - 5} {\rm gm}{\rm .eq}{\rm .lit}{\rm .}^{ - 1} {\rm min}{\rm .}^{ - 1} } \hfill \\[6pt] {{\rm K}_{\rm 8} \left({{\rm Br}_{\rm 2} } \right)\;\; = 4.182 \cdot 10^{ - 5} {\rm gm}{\rm .eq}{\rm .lit}{\rm .}^{ - 1} {\rm min}{\rm .}^{ - 1} } \hfill \\\end{array} $$\end{document} Effects of bulk and ultrasonic intensity have also been demonstrated. The rate of reaction at different dilutions of aqueous bromoform solution and also at different intensities has been investigated conductometrically. A probable mechanism of the reaction was also presented.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 32
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    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 26 (1964), S. 195-205 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: N,β-(2-Pyridyl)- und -(4-Pyridyl)-äthyl-N-aryl- bzw. -N-alkyl-carbamidsäureester wurden synthetisiert. Direkte Umsetzung zwischen 2- bzw. 4-Vinylpyridin und N-substituierten Carbamidsäureestern erfolgt weder mittels basischer noch saurer Katalysatoren. Auch N-alkylierte Thiocarbamidsäureester und Oxazolidone reagieren nicht in der gewünschten Weise.Dagegen konnte zu einem Erfolg durch Umsetzung von mono-pyridyl-äthylierten Aminen (n-Butylamin) mit Chlorameisensäureestern gekommen werden.
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  • 33
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Determination of conductance, pH spectrophotometry and Refractive-index of a series of mixed solutions of uranyl nitrate and ferric nitrate indicate the existence of two definite complex-compounds in solution namely: Monovariation method of NAYAR and PANDE(1), has been followed in the preparation of the solution of uranyl nitrate and ferric nitrate. The concentration of uranyl nitrate was kept constant while that of ferric nitrate varied systematically, and the physico-chemical properties measured. When the values are plotted against the concentration of ferric nitrate, curves are obtained with two specific breaks. The kinks occur at exact stoichiometric ratios of concentrations corresponding to the compounds noted above.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 34
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    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 23 (1964), S. 206-207 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Tetramethyldiphenyldisiloxandicarbonsäure-4,4′ wird durch SOCl2 in ihr Säurechlorid (I) umgewandelt, ohne daß der sich gleichzeitig bildende HCl stört. Bei Gegenwart von CH3COOH tritt Spaltung unter Bildung von p-(Chlordimethylsilyl)- benzoesäurechlorid auf. Mit Wasser hydrolysiert und kondensiert dieses zu sehr reinem I.
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  • 35
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: N-[1-Aza-cyclohepten-(1)-yl-(2)]-ε-amino-capronsäure(III) In Wasser hydrolysiert bei 100° schnell auf N-(ε-Amino-caproyl)-ε-Capronsäure (IV), ε-Amino-capronsäure (II) und ε-Caprolactam (V). Aus III konnten in Gegenwart von wenig Wasser bei 256° in einigen Stunden schon spinnbares Polycaprolactam hergestellt werden. Es wurde in diesem Zusammenhang erörtert, daß bei der aus V und Amino-carbonsäuren bzw. Aminsalze ausgehende Polycaprolactam-Bildung als Zwischenprodukte semicyclische Amidin-carbonsäuren bzw. Amidinsalze entstehen, welche mit Wasser teilweise zu einem Baustein [ - NH - (CH2)5 - CO - ] größerer Amino-carbonsäuren bzw. Aminsalzen hydrolysieren. Dadurch konnten wir zur Mechanismus-Erklärung der Polycaprolactam-Bildung, wie die „Amidaustauschreaktion“ („Umamidierung“) im einzelnen vor sich geht, die fehlenden Daten bringen. Weiterhin wurde eine neue Nomenklatur für das „Perlon-Gebiet“ empfohlen.
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  • 36
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    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 23 (1964), S. 281-287 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Mit 1,1-Dimethylsilacyclopentan läßt sich mit AlCl3 eine Ring-Ketten-Polymerisation zu öligen oder kautschukartigen Produkten durchführen. Sind Chlor, Phenyl-oder Benzylgruppen bzw. Reste mit carbofunktionellen Liganden als Substituenten vorhanden, so tritt die Polymerisation nicht ein. Bis(methyltetramethylensila)äthylen polymerisierte zu einem unlöslichen Trimeren. Aus 1-(γ-Chlorpropyl)-1-methylsilacyclopentan entstand mit AlCl3 das entsprechende Chlorsilan unter Abspaltung von Cyclopropan. Bei der Einwirkung von AlCl3 auf 1-Chlormethyl-1-methylsilacyclopentan bildete sich ein Sechsring.Das Polymere des 1-Hydro-1-methylsilacyclopentans kann mit Luftsauerstoff oxydiert und vernetzt werden. An die HSi-Gruppen können γ-Cyanopropylreste angelagert werden. Die Reaktionen wurden durch IR-Spektren verfolgt, Reaktionsmechanismen diskutiert.
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  • 37
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    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 23 (1964), S. 288-297 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Durch Einwirkung von Glimmentladungen genügend hoher Frequenz werden auf Grund homolytischer Spaltungen und Radikalkombinationen aus Methyltrichlorsilan, Dimethyldichlorsilan, Siliziumtetrachlorid z. B. Hexachlordisilan Methylchlorsilylmethane und -äthane dargestellt. Aus Hexamethyldisiloxan werden hauptsächlich aliphatische Verbindungen mit Si—O—Si- und Si—C-Bindungen gebildet. Aus Organosilanen entstanden aliphatische Si-Kohlenwasserstoffe, mit abwechselnd Si- und C-atomen in der Hauptkette. SiCl4 und Benzol bzw. Cyclohexan konnten zu Phenyltrichlorsilan und Cyclohexyltrichlorsilan umgesetzt werden.
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  • 38
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    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 23 (1964), S. 318-323 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Aus UV-spektroskopischen Untersuchungen und Dipolmessungen wird die stabile Konfiguration verschiedener α-substituierter Stilbenderivate bestimmt.
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  • 39
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    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 24 (1964), S. 23-26 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die diastereomeren Brucinsalze des L- und D-N-Phthaloyl-allothreonins zeigen ausgeprägte Löslichkeitsunterschiede in Äthylenglykol-monomethyläther (Methylcellosolve). Dies ermöglicht eine einfache Trennung des DL-Allothreonins in die optischen Antipoden.
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  • 40
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    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 24 (1964), S. 27-37 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Unter Verwendung von gaschromatographisch gewonnenen Daten werden Thermodynamik und Kinetik der Isomerisierung der drei stereoisomeren Hexadiene-(2,4) betrachtet.Die Isomerisierung wurde in n-Heptan bei Gegenwart von Jod als Katalysator in einer mit einem Wassermantel umgebenen Injektionsspritze als Reaktionsgefäß durchgeführt. Die Isomerisierungsgleichgewichte wurden bei 20, 35, 50 und 70° bestimmt. Die aus der Temperaturbhängigkeit der Gleichgewichtskonstanten ermittelten Isomerisierungsenthalpien sind für trans-trans-Hexadien-(2,4) (A) ⇌ cis-trans-Hexadien-(2,4) (B) ΔH10 = 860 cal/Mol und für cis-cis-Hexadien-(2,4) (C) ⇌ B ΔH20 = - 1700 cal/Mol; es folgen für ΔS10 = 1,4 cal/Mol · grd und ΔS20 = -1,7 cal/Mol · grd, sowie ΔG10 = 430 cal/Mol und ΔG20 = - 1200 cal/Mol.Die beschriebene Isomerisierung ist eine Reaktion des Typs Bei Wahl von A oder C als Ausgangsprodukt liegt eine reversible Folgereaktion, bei Wahl von B eine reversible Parallelreaktion vor. Der kinetische Verlauf der Isomerisierung wird nach VRIENS in Parameterdarstellung gegeben. Hierzu wurden die Gleichgewichtskonstanten und das Verhältnis der Geschwindigkeiten der “Vorwärtsreaktionen” k3/k2 beim Umsatz 0 herangezogen. Für 50° wurden die relativen Geschwindigkeitskonstanten der Teilreaktionen und - nach Bestimmung des Einflusses der Katalysatorkonzentration auf die Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit - auch die Absolutwerte ermittelt.
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  • 41
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    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 25 (1964), S. 7-17 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es wird über eine Methode zur Darstellung von 2-Styryl-chinolin-N-oxid und seine katalytische Hydrierung über verschiedenen Katalysatoren, wie RANEY-Nickel, Platin und Palladium, zum 2-Phenäthyl-chinolin-N-oxid berichtet.Die Hydrierungsprodukte werden dünnschichtchromatographisch untersucht und an Hand der Rf-Werte die Reaktionskomponenten identifiziert.Reaktivitätsstudien an der C—C-Doppelbindung der Seitenkette zeigen ihre Inaktivität bei elektrophilen Additionsreaktionen.
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  • 42
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    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 25 (1964), S. 48-55 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es wird die Synthese einer Reihe neuer, noch nicht beschriebener Amide zwischen Alkoxybenzoesäuren und 4-Amino-1-phenyl-2,3-dimethyl-pyrazolon-(5) beschrieben, die sich durch außerordentlich geringe Toxizität und ausgezeichnete analgetische und antiphlogistische Eigenschaften auszeichnen.
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  • 43
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    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 25 (1964), S. 69-78 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Durch Umsetzung der Silbersalze von Carbonsäuren mit NOCl wurden 14 Acylnitrite hergestellt. Die Verbindungen besitzen reproduzierbare Zersetzungspunkte, die zwischen 50 und 125° liegen. In Chlorbenzol als Lösungsmittel zersetzen sie sich nach I. Ordnung mit Aktivierungsenthalpien um 30 kcal/Mol und Aktivierungsentropien um + 10 cal/Mol · Grad. Die Zersetzungsgeschwindigkeit von Acylnitriten R—COONO steigt bei Variation von R in der Reihe \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ {\rm Ph} 〈 {\rm n} - {\rm Pr} \sim {\rm n} - {\rm Am} 〈 {\rm i} - {\rm Pr} \sim 2 - {\rm Am} \sim 3 - {\rm Am} 〈 {\rm ter} - {\rm Bu} \sim {\rm PhCH}_2, $$\end{document} ist also um so größer, je stabiler R als Radikal ist. Bei der Zersetzung in Chlorbenzol oder o-Dichlorbenzol steht die Disproportionierung nach \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ 2{\rm R}\hbox{--}{\rm CO}\hbox{--}{\rm ONO}\,\, \to \,\,({\rm R}\hbox{--}{\rm CO})_2 {\rm O}\,\, + \,\,{\rm N}_2 {\rm O}_3 $$\end{document} im Vordergrund, in der Gasphase bei etwa 200° findet fast ausschließlich eine radikalische Nitrosodecarboxylierung nach \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ {\rm R}\hbox{--}{\rm CO}\hbox{--}{\rm ONO}\,\, \to \,\,{\rm R}\hbox{--}{\rm NO}\,\, + \,\,{\rm CO}_2 $$\end{document} statt.
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  • 44
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    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 24 (1964), S. 154-157 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es wird eine verbesserte Herstellungsmethode für temperaturbeständige Kationenaustauscher durch die Reaktion von Benzylsiloxansulfosäure mit Kieselgallerte beschrieben und mit bekannten Herstellungsmethoden verglichen.
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  • 45
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die stereospezifisch-katalytischen Wirkungen von Strychnin, Brucin, Benzoylchinin und den Acetylderivaten von Chinin, Dihydrochinin, Cinchonidin, Chinidin, Dihydrochinidin und Cinchonin gegenüber Alkoholadditionen an Phenylmethyl- und Phenyl-α, o-trimethylenketen wurden im Temperaturbereich von -95 bis+60°C untersucht. Es zeigte sich, daß Katalysatoren gleicher Konfiguration ähnliche Temperatur-Spezifitäts-Funktionen ergeben, obgleich die Spezifität bei Raumtemperatur stark von kleinen konstitutionellen Variationen beeinflußt wird. Für einige der gefundenen Stereospezifitäten wird eine konformationsanalytische Deutung versucht.
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  • 46
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    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 24 (1964), S. 231-238 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Analytisch reine α-Ketosäuren, besonders die Trimethylbrenztraubensäure, kondensieren beim Aufbewahren unter Kühlung, wobei die α-Carbonylgruppe eines Moleküls mit der Säurehydroxylgruppe eines zweiten Moleküls unter Bildung sogenannter aktivierter Ester reagiert. Im Falle der Trimethylbrenztraubensäure konnte das entstehende dimere Produkt isoliert und identifiziert werden. Die Kinetik des basenkatalysierten Zerfalles der dimeren Trimethylbrenztraubensäure wurde studiert.
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  • 47
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    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 24 (1964), S. 274-282 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Conductometry, colorimetry, pH and Refractive Index of the mixed solution of uranyl acetate and glycine revealed the existence of three complexes in (1:1), (1:2) and (1:3) molecular ratios. The compounds were crystallized and petrographic studies of the crystals were made.
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  • 48
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    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 24 (1964), S. 143-147 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Zur Untersuchung der Biosynthese des Cytisins wurden Cadaverin-(1,5-14C) und Lysin-(2-14C) an Cytisus laburnum verabreicht. Für die Alkaloide Cytisin und N-Methylcytisin wurden die spezifischen Einbauarten bestimmt. Durch einen übersichtlichen Abbau konnten die Kohlenstoffatome 2,3,4,5 und 11 auf ihre Radioaktivität hin untersucht werden. Ein möglicher Biosyntheseweg des Cytisins wird diskutiert.
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  • 49
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    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 24 (1964), S. 164-182 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es wird die Problematik der Synthese und der Reinigung folgender Verbindungen mit komplexbildenden Atomgruppierungen beschrieben: Di-(4-aminobenzimidazolyl-2)-methan und -äthan; N,N'-Di-(2-methylenbenzimidazol)-äthylendiamin; Dibenzimidazolyl-2,2′-disulfosäure-4,4′; Methan- und Äthan-1,2-di-(benzimidazolyl-2-sulfosäure-4); Diimidazolyl-2,2′-disulfosäure-4,4′; 1,2,4,5-Di-(2-aminomethylimidazolyl-4,5)-benzol und 2,6-(lin.-Diimidazolylbenzol)-dipropionsäure.Erläutert werden ferner die Konstitutionsbeweise dieser Verbindungen durch Abbaureaktionen, Vergleich von IR-Spektren bzw. durch Molgewichtsbestimmungen mit Hilfe potentiometrischer Titrationen.
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  • 50
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    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 24 (1964), S. 226-230 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Durch die Umsetzung von Dialkyldiacyloxysilanen mit Aminen, von Dialkyldiaminosilanen mit Säuren, von Dialkylaminochlorsilanen mit Alkalisalzen von Säuren und von Dialkyldiacyloxysilanen mit Dialkyldiaminosilanen werden Dialkylaminoacyloxysilane erhalten, die hydrolytisch zu Ammoniumsalzen und Polysiloxanen, thermisch zu Amiden und Polysiloxanen zerfallen.
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  • 51
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    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 24 (1964), S. 246-268 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es werden Synthesen und der Strukturbeweis für das Ion (10) beschrieben. Dieses zeigt ambidentes Verhalten, d. h. es reagiert in Abhängigkeit von der Nucleophilie des angreifenden Partners an zwei verschiedenen Stellen. Das Ergebnis hängt von kinetischer bzw. thermodynamischer Produktkontrolle ab. Die allgemeine Bedeutung dieser Befunde wird diskutiert.
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  • 52
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    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 26 (1964), S. 83-89 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Aus den bei der Trennung von Seltenen Erdmischungen an einer mit Di(2-äthylhexyl)-phosphorsäure beladenen Säule gewonnenen Elutionskurven wurden die Trennfaktoren für benachbarte Seltene Erden sowie die Abhängigkeit der Verteilungsverhältnisse von der Konzentration der als Elutionsmittel benutzten Salzsäure berechnet und annähernd die gleichen Werte wie bei der flüssig-flüssig-Extraktion gefunden. Unter Berücksichtigung des mittleren Trennfaktors für benachbarte Seltene Erden wurde dann eine Anordnung konstruiert, die es erlaubt, die Konzentration der Salzsäure im Verlauf der Elution so zu ändern, daß jede Seltene Erde die Trennsäule mit dem gleichen Verteilungsverhältnis verläßt. Mit dieser Anordnung ist eine Trennung aller Lanthaniden möglich.
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  • 53
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    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 26 (1964), S. 113-119 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The composition and stability of Indium-Alizarin Red S has been studied. The pink coloured chelate has a λmax 530 mμ and a composition of 1:2 (metal:chelating agent). The chelate is stable between pH 3.0 to 6.5. The value of log K (K = stability constant) as calculated by two different methods using absorbance data is 9.0 and 9.4 respectively at pH 4.0 at 25°C. A method for the determination of indium using this reagent has been described. The coloured complex conforms to BEER's law over the indium concentration of 0.23 to 27.54 ppm. The suitable pH for the measurement of absorbance is 3.8 to 4.5. Temperature has no effect on the intensity of the colour. The sensitivity is 0.046 γ/cm2. The interferences by added foreign ions have also been investigated.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 54
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    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 26 (1964), S. 137-139 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Determination of the composition between uranium and Chromotropic Acid salt chelate (λmax 435 mμ) has been described. The composition as determined by the absorptiometric measurements using the mole ratio method and the slope ratio method has come out to be 1:1.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 55
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    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 26 (1964), S. 155-158 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 7-Acetonyl-8-chlor(-(bzw. brom)-)theophyllin setzt sich mit Dialkylaminoalkylenaminen bereits unter milden Bedingungen zu 7-Acetonyl-8-(dialkylamino-alkylen-amino)-theophyllinen um.
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  • 56
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    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 26 (1964), S. 184-194 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 1,3-Disubstituierte Schwefelsäurediamide lassen sich mittels Essigsäureanhydrid in Gegenwart katalytischer Mengen konzentrierter Schwefelsäure bei 50°C mit Ausbeuten von 75-86% der Theorie am Stickstoff acetylieren. Die Acetylderivate sind gegen Laugen sehr empfindlich und werden zum Ausgangsamid deacetyliert. Die neuen Verbindungen lösen sich in konzentrierter Schwefelsäure unter Abspaltung der Acetylgruppe.Die Darstellung der entsprechenden 1,3-Dibenzoylderivate mißlang, da die Stickstoff - Schwefel-Bindung der Amide durch Acylgruppen erheblich geschwächt wird.
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  • 57
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    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 26 (1964), S. 304-313 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Addition von Nitrosylchlorid an 30 Olefine wurde in Chloroform als Lösungsmittel bei 0° kinetisch verfolgt. Die Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit wird in erster Linie durch elektronische Effekte beeinflußt; bei stark verzweigten Olefinen läßt sich auch eine sterische Hinderung nachweisen. Die Aktivierungsparameter wurden für die NOCl-Addition an Styrol und an Cyclohexen bestimmt: die Aktivierungsenthalpien lagen mit 8,1 bzw. 9,3 kcal/Mol sehr niedrig, die Aktivierungsentropien betrugen -43,0 bzw.-36,9 cal/Mol · grd. Bei Variation des Lösungsmittels ändern sich die Geschwindigkeiten der NOCl-Addition an Styrol und an Cyclohexen stark, und zwar steigen sie in der Reihenfolge \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \begin{array}{c} {\rm MeOH} 〈 {\rm Et}_{\rm 2} {\rm O} 〈 {\rm CCl}_{\rm 4} \sim{\rm PhCH}_{\rm 3} 〈 {\rm n - C}_{\rm 7} {\rm H}_{{\rm 16}} 〈 {\rm PhCl} 〈 {\rm 00000}_{\rm 2} \\ 〈 {\rm PhCN} 〈 {\rm CH}_{\rm 2} {\rm Cl}_{\rm 2} 〈 {\rm PhNO}_{\rm 2} 〈 {\rm CHCl}_{{\rm 3}{\rm .}} \\ \end{array} $$\end{document} Durch LEWIS-Säuren läßt sich die Reaktion nicht beschleunigen.
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  • 58
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    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 23 (1964), S. 10-19 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Zur Charakterisierung von Bis-chlormethyl-toluolen wurden die entsprechenden Bis-hydroxymethyl-toluole sowie ihre Acetate, Benzoate, p-Nitrobenzoate und Phenyläther dargestellt.
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  • 59
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    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 23 (1964), S. 38-42 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Zwei neue Wege für die Herstellung von Chlormethylsulfochlorid werden beschritten. Ferner wird die Synthese von einigen chlorierten aliphatischen, araliphatischen und aromatischen Sulfochloriden beschrieben.
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  • 60
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    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 23 (1964), S. 47-53 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Bei der Umsetzung von Cyclohexanol oder 1-Methylcyclopentanol-1 mit Natriumazid und Schwefelsäure bilden sich mehrere flüchtige basische Produkte, die mit Butanol-Eisessig-Wasser 4:1:5 papierchromatographisch gut trennbar und mit Ninhydrin anfärbbar sind. Hierbei zeigt sich, daß sowohl aus Cyclohexanol (bzw. Cyclohexen) wie auch aus 1-Methylcyclopentanol-1 eine wasserdampfflüchtige Verbindung gebildet wird, die mit Ninhydrin schön gelb anfärbbar ist und im Rf- Wert in beiden Fällen übereinstimmt. Die Untersuchungen ergaben, daß es sich um die gleiche Verbindung der Formel C6H11N, einer einfach ungesättigten Base handelt. Diese basische Verbindung, die in etwa 12proz. Ausbeute bei der Aufarbeitung der Umsetzungsprodukte von Natriumazid mit Cyclohexanol oder mit 1-Methylcyclopentanol-1 isoliert werden konnte, wurde als 2-Methylpiperidein identifiziert. Bei Cyclohexanol bildet sich neben Ammoniak und weiteren im System Butanol-Eisessig-Wasser trennbaren Produkten(1) in größerer Menge eine plastische Masse, während beim 1-Methylcyclopentanol-1 neben Ammoniak und Methylamin ein höhersiedendes Gemisch einbasischer Verbindungen der ungefähren Zusammensetzung C12H21N, das im Papierchromatogramm vergleichsweise beim Rf-Wert des n-Hexylamins liegt und mit Ninhydrin bräunlichgelb anfärbbar ist, in etwa 12proz. Ausbeute isoliert werden konnte. Im Verteilungssystem 2-Äthylhexanol-Ameisensäure-Wasser 4:1:5 gelang es, dieses Basengemisch papierchromatographisch in zwei mit Ninhydrin gelb bzw. gelbbraun anfärbbare Haupt- und eine violett anfärbbare Nebenkomponente aufzutrennen, die vergleichsweise alle im Rf-Wert beim n-Hexylamin liegen.
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  • 61
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Durch Extraktion von Vanadium (V), Eisen (III), Kobalt (II) und Mangan (II) aus salzsaurer Lösung mit Tri-n-und Tri-iso-butylphosphat (TnBP und TiBP) wurde die größere Extraktionsfähigkeit des TnBP nachgewiesen. Eine einwandfreie Deutung dieser experimentellen Tatsachen wird durch unvollständige Kenntnisse der Kinetik der Extraktionsvorgänge erschwert. Mitverantwortlich können die geringere Elektronenanregungsenergie des Sauerstoffs der Phosphorylgruppe im TnBP und gewisse sterische Hinderungen bei der Extraktion mit TiBP sein.
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  • 62
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Von wäßrigen Lösungen der (1-7)-Phenyl-n-tetradecan-p-sulfonate, der (2-7)-Benzyl-n-tridecan-p-sulfonate und der isomeren p-Di-n-alkylbenzolsulfonate mit insgesamt 14 C- Atomen in den Seitenketten werden die Oberflächenspannung in Abhängigkeit von der Konzentration am Stalagmometer bestimmt, die kritische Mizellkonzentration durch Leitfähigkeitsmessung ermittelt und Angaben über die Wasserhärtebeständigkeit sowie das Schaumvermögen mitgeteilt.
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  • 63
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    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 23 (1964), S. 119-127 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Hydrolyseempfindlichkeit der Borsäureester einerseits und die Bildung von Borsäureestern aus mehrwertigen Alkoholen und Borsäure in wäßriger Lösung andererseits sind zwei gegeneinander stehende Beobachtungen, deren scheinbarer Widerspruch durch den Nachweis geklärt wird, daß der Borsäureester ein Mol Wasser unter Bildung einer stabilen Estersäure mit vierbindigem Bor koordinativ zu binden vermag. Die konformativen Voraussetzungen für die Bildung cyclischer Borsäureester und für die Wasseranlagerung werden erörtert.
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  • 64
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    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 23 (1964), S. 259-274 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die MICHAEL-Addition von Methylvinylketon und ähnlichen Verbindungen an 1-Acetyl-2-arylalkyl-3-carbalkoxy-4-piperidione in Gegenwart von Triäthylamin liefert Derivate des 1-Carbalkoxy-2-arylalkyl-3-aza-6-hydroxy-bicyclo-[3,3,1]-nonanons-(9). Diese Verbindungen zeichnen sich durch typische IR-Spektren aus. Der Azabicyclo-[3,3,1]-nonanon-Typ wird durch eine unabhängige Synthese bewiesen, sowie durch das UV- und IR-Spektrum eines durch Dehydratisierung entstehenden ungesättigten Ketons, das nach der BREDT-Regel nicht α,β-ungesättigt sein kann, sondern vielmehr die typischen Homokonjugations-Banden eines β,γ-ungesättigten Ketons zeigt.Die Azabicyclo-[3,3,1]-nonanon-Derivate lagern sich (mit zwei Ausnahmen) in Gegenwart von Natrium-methylat glatt in 1-Arylalkyl-2-acetyl-6-keto-9-carbalkoxy-10-hydroxydecahydroisochinoline um, die in konzentrierter Salzsäure leicht α,β-ungesättigte Ketone liefern, was zugleich den Isochinolintyp beweist.Einige mit der Addition zusammenhängende stereochemische Fragen werden kurz diskutiert.
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  • 65
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    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 23 (1964), S. 298-300 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Bei der gemeinsamen Einwirkung von Cyanamid und Schwefel auf Ketone entstehen 4,5-disubstituierte 2-Aminothiazole.
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  • 66
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    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 23 (1964), S. 324-328 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Durch Kondensation der entsprechenden Methylketone mit Trisformylaminomethan wurden Pyrimidin-Analoga einiger polycyclischer Kohlenwasserstoffe dargestellt.
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  • 67
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    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 25 (1964), S. 79-87 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Unter Benutzung von radioaktiv indiziertem Europium wurden optimale Arbeits bedingungen für eine Verteilungschromatographiesäule, die an silikonisiertem Silicagel adsorbierte Di-(2-äthylhexyl)-phosphorsäure als stationäre Phase enthielt, ermittelt. Dabei wurde die Abhängigkeit der effektiven Bodenhöhe von der Beladung mit unverdünnter Alkylphosphorsäure, Elutionsgeschwindigkeit und -temperatur, Korngröße und Packungsdichte des Silicagels, Konzentration der in Toluol gelösten Alkylphosphorsäure und der als Elutionsmittel benutzten Salzsäure sowie der Belastung der Säule mit Europium untersucht.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 68
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    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 25 (1964), S. 141-149 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Durch ozonhaltigen Sauerstoff oxydierte Polyolefine (Nieder- und Hochdruckpolyäthylen, Polypropylen sowie Polyisobutylen) wurden infrarotspektroskopisch untersucht. Im Anfangsstadium des Oxydationsprozesses werden im Fall der Polyäthylene vorwiegend Aldehyd- und Estergruppen, beim Polypropylen Keto-, Aldehyd- und Estergruppen und beim Polyisobutylen Keto- und Carboxylgruppen gebildet. In den Polyolefinen vorhandene C=C-Bindungen verschwinden bereits nach kurzer Ozoneinwirkung.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 69
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    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 25 (1964), S. 294-300 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es werden m-Hydroxyarylphosphine und -phosphinoxyde durch Entmethylierung der entsprechenden Methoxy-Derivate dargestellt.
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  • 70
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    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 25 (1964), S. 326-328 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: p-nitrobenzene azochromotropic acid (Chromotrope 2 B) forms a 1 : 1 reddish violet chelate (λmax 540 mμ) with lanthanum(III) at pH 6.0. The value of stability constant expressed as log K = 4.5 and 4.9 as determined by two different methods. The colour of the chelate is stable over a wide range of temperature (0-100°) between pH 4.0 and 7.0. The system obeys BEER'S law over a range of 0.34 p. p. m. to 16.7 p. p. m. of lanthanum.
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  • 71
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    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 26 (1964), S. 15-23 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die WITTIGSCHE Methode zur Herstellung von Natriumtetraphenylboranat aus Borfluorid und Phenylmagnesiumbromid in Äther konnte durch Verwendung von Tetrahydrofuran an Stelle von Äther wesentlich verbessert werden. Billiger jedoch ist die Umsetzung von Borsäuretrialkylestern mit der GRIGNARD-Verbindung. Die Darstellung von Natriumtetra-p-chlorphenylboranat und Natriumtetra-p-diphenylylboranat wird beschrieben.
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  • 72
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    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 26 (1964), S. 48-53 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 7-Acetonyl-8-chlor-bzw. (Brom)-theophyllin setzt sich bei Gegenwart von Alkalien mit Aminosäuren zu 7-Acetonyl-8-aminosäuren-theophyllinen um.
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  • 73
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    The @Anatomical Record 149 (1964), S. 309-312 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In the normal parathyroid gland of the mouse there is only one type of cell which is small with a large nucleus and small amount of cytoplasm. In order to investigate the effect of relaxin on parathyroid histology, mice were injected with relaxin, the degree of pubic separation was measured by the x-ray technique, and the parathyroid glands were studied histologically. After one day of relaxin injection, the pubic symphysis showed a distinct separation and in part of the parathyroid gland the cells were larger and stained lighter and pinker than the normal cells with hematoxylin, eosin, and azur II. After four days of relaxin treatment, the whole gland had changed so that all the cells were of the second type. Glands of pregnant mice near term also were composed of cells of this type. These results indicate a relationship between relaxin and the parathyroid gland.
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  • 74
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Thalidomide injury to an implanted armadillo blastocyst is presented. This finding confirms the specific damage by thalidomide to the embryoblastic cells. The lack of damage to the trophoblast at this stage permits a normal implantation of the blastocyst in the uterine mucosa.
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  • 75
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    The @Anatomical Record 149 (1964), S. 181-189 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Although melanoctyes appear to be limited to the hair folicles of adult belly skin of the PET mouse, they are found throughout the integument of the newborn. Trauma applied to the ventral belly skin of newborn PET mice results in the maintenance and augmentation of the melanocytes within the skin, even after the formation and growth of hair. The area immediately surrounding the site of trauma shows an increase in the number of melanocytes, apparently due in part to the disruption of the developing follicles and the consequent release of their pigment cells to the skin. UV irradiation also maintains a system of melanocytes within the ventral belly skin of PET mice.The significance of the maintenance and augmentation of melanocytes from the newborn into the adult by surgical trauma or UV radiation is discussed.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 76
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The histology of the anterior hypophysis, thyroid and gonads of dwarf (dw) and Ames dwarf (df) mutants of Mus musculus was compared. Orange G, aldehyde fuchsin and PAS stains were used to differentiate cells of the hypophysis. In both types of dwarf the anterior hypophysis was small, acidophils were lacking and the number of thyrotropic hormone producing cells was reduced. The thyroids were reduced in size, the follicles were small and some tissue was not organized into follicles. Testes were nearly normal. Ovaries were small and large follicles and corpora lutea were lacking.Growth hormone (STH) and thyrotropic hormone (TSH) were administered to both types of dwarfs. The treatment had no effect on the anterior hypophysis but number and size of follicles in the thyroid was increased The response was greater in df dwarfs; STH and TSH had more effect than STH alone. Testes of treated mice were only slightly changed but most of the df and some dw males became fertile. The ovaries became large and functional. Thyroids of dwarfs treated with thyroxine were not changed.It is concluded that the primary hormone deficiencies in both types of dwarf are the same, but that there are physiological differences as revealed by responses to STH and TSH treatment.
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  • 77
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: This study was undertaken to determine the relationship between Marshall's metalophilic reticular cells and the cells exhibiting non-specific esterase and acid phosphatase activity in the rat spleen. Untreated and stimulated animals were used. Observations were made chiefly on the marginal metalophils of Snook. These cells showed strong acid phosphatase activity but only slight non-specific esterase activity in untreated animals. Following stimulation non-specific esterase activity increased in these cells. Within the nodules metalophilic reticular cells were always more numerous than cells with enzyme activity. Many of these metalophilic cells developed enzyme activity following stimulation. By the use of a restaining technique it was shown that all reticular cells possessing enzyme activity were also metalophilic but that the converse was not true. No mitotic activity was present in these cells.The results suggest that Marshall's metalophils are cells of the reticuloendothelial system in various stages of maturation and that, following stimulation, they may differentiate into mature phagocytic cells.
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  • 78
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    The @Anatomical Record 149 (1964) 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
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  • 79
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Densities of the various bone fractions i.e., water, organic, volatile inorganic and ash fractions, as well as fat in the various animals have been studied. However. values reported by various workers failed to show consistency and uniformity, especially with respect to the volatile inorganic (often called “CO2 fraction”) and the ash fractions. These densities are prerequisite to the study of the volumetric composition of bone and bone marrow.In our study, the fat and organic densities found were similar to those previously reported. The volatile and non-volatile inorganic (ash) fractions, had density values of 1.684 and 3.180, respectively. The ash density was much higher than values previously reported but it verifies a theoretical value deduced by the authors from published work.Our higher ash density was due to a smaller measured volume of this fraction obtained by applying a negative pressure to remove the small entrapped air bubbles from the ash sample prior to the water displacement measurement. Because a smaller portion of the total inorganic volume was used for the ash calculation, giving it a higher density, a larger balance of the total inorganic volume was left for the volatile inorganic density calculation. This accounted for ash and volatile inorganic densities which were higher and lower, respectively, than such values previously reported.Prior to the determination of the density of the non-volatile inorganic fraction, the ashing time and temperature were studied. Curves plotted from the results of such studies were described and explained.
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  • 80
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The two uterine horns in the adult are joined caudally to form an externally undivided segment consisting of a cranial and a caudal part. The cranial part becomes wide and swollen at its junction with the horns. It contains two lumina separated by a midline septum and is designated as the uterine body or corpus. The narrow and slightly tapered caudal part projects into the cranial portion of the vagina. It contains a single lumen or canal and is designated as the uterine neck or cervix. The wall of the cranial two-thirds of the adult cervix contains a relatively large amount of circularly arranged smooth muscle fibers. In contrast, its caudal one-third consists chiefly of a network of collagen fibers. During cervical development argyrophilic fibers first appear in sections of cervical wall from mice sacrificed at birth. Collagen and smooth muscle fibers are first stainable with the Mallory method in cervical wall sections from mice one week old. During pregnancy and after combined treatment with estradiol, progesterone and relaxin the collagenous fiber bundles of the cervix become looser and more widely separated. This is associated with an increased dilatability of the cervical canal and increased stainability of the ground substance. The muccopolysaccharide(s) demonstrable histochemically in the cervix of the mouse was digestible with testicular hyaluronidase.
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  • 81
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    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 150 (1964) 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 82
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The in situ thymus of the guinea pig was labeled locally with H3-thymidine and sections of various tissues analyzed by radioautography for the location of labeled cells which might have left the thymus from 30 minutes to three days after labeling. Labeled lymphocytes were located especially in the mesenteric lymph nodes and spleen, giving direct evidence for the migration of thymocytes under near-physiological conditions. Only a few cells were found in the bone marrow, and none in the liver. The identified cells were not seen to be undergoing subsequent proliferation, but about one-fourth of them were transforming to other cell types - plasma cells, heterophil granulocytes, reticular cells, and macrophages. The fate of another portion of the cells seemed to be loss to the gut lumen through the mucosa. These data suggest that a normal function of the thymus of the adult guinea pig is the proliferation of a population of pluripotential stem cells which, after migration to other tissues, may further differentiate under appropriate stimulus. Possible applications of the local labeling technique are indicated.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
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  • 83
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The rate of skeletal maturation as indicated by ossification of bony elements of the central and appendicular skeleton was compared in two groups of hypothyroid young rats, raised at 20°C and 30°C constant environment respectively.Hypothyroidism was induced by feeding 0.2% propylthiouracil mixed with the food in powdered form to pregnant rats starting on the fifteenth day of gestation and continuing this treatment to the suckling mother until their litters had reached weaning age.The appearance of epiphyseal centers, of carpal and tarsal centers, middle phalanges and femoral and tibial processes and caudal vertebrae 7-27 is delayed in hypothyroid newborn rats over that of normal controls. Hypothyroid rats raised at 20°C lag more severely behind the controls with respect to skeletal maturation, than do hypothyroid rats raised at 30°C. The latter are intermediate or in some instances their rate of skeletal maturation resembles that of the control group.The possible significance of the demonstration of diminished requirements for thyroid hormone by the developing rat for studies attempting to identify mechanisms of hormone action in development is briefly discussed.
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  • 84
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A cephalometric radiographic appraisal of vertical skull growth occurring during the interim of one year was made on 71 caucasoid males at the Baylor University College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas. The subjects were from 22 to 34 years of age. The dimensions assessed were the total skull height, the anterior cranial height, total facial height, upper facial height. and lower facial height. A significant increase was shown to occur in all the dimensions over a period of one year except in the dimension of anterior cranial height. It was concluded that skull growth does occur in male adults after the age generally accepted as that of maturity.
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  • 85
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    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 150 (1964), S. 243-247 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: To ascertain the pathway (s) along which forces are conducted from the hand to the humerus in the human cadaver specially designed pressure sensitive transducers were introduced into the radio-capitular and ulnar-trochlear components of the elbow joint. A constant force was applied to the hand, and changes in electrical resistance and hence pressure across the elbow joint where recorded. It was observed that 57% of the force applied crossed the radio-capitular joint while 43% crossed the ulnar-trochlear joint. The pathway of this force transmission is discussed with particular reference to the involvement of the interosseous membrane.
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  • 86
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    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 150 (1964), S. 257-263 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Implants from the midbrain and cerebellum of neonatal rats were cultured in roller tubes for 20 to 30 days. The cultures were incubated in a tryptamine-tetrazolium solution which demonstrated the enzyme activity of monoamine oxidase (MAO) by the formation of a formazan precipitation. Some cultures were incubated without fixation, while others were fixed in a glutaraldehyde solution prior to incubation. The specificity of the reaction was controlled by withholding the substrate or by treatment of the cultures with an MAO inhibitor. An intracellular localization of the enzyme was observed in small and medium sized neurons, but was absent in the largest neurons. Neuroglial cells, including ependyma, and mesenchymal cells and phagocytes were MAO positive. The formazan granules were scattered throughout cell bodies and into cytoplasmic processes. Glutaraldehyde fixation of cultures prior to incubation for MAO preserved the details of cell structure and enhanced the differentiation of cell types. When fixed and unfixed cultures were compared, glutaraldehyde did not appear to interfere or interact with enzyme localization; however, there was evidence that this aldehyde might be interfering with MAO concentration, since a longer incubation period for prefixed tissue was required to obtain a formazan reaction comparable to that of unfixed cultures.
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  • 87
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Lymphatic plexuses from certain areas of serous cavities can be injected by a simple procedure which simulates the normal mechanism of absorption. Apparatus consists of a 500 ml filtration flask with side arm attached to a vacuum apparatus. Excised serous membranes are draped over the mouth of the flask and flooded with ink. Vacuum is applied intermittently, resulting in absorption and flow. The method can be applied to frozen and thawed tissue and is suitable for human autopsy material.
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  • 88
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    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 150 (1964), S. 363-364 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: An anomaly of the termination of the aorta is described which is apparently unique. The aorta divided directly into two internal iliac arteries and two external iliac arteries.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 89
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    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 150 (1964), S. 383-390 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A simple method leading to growth and mitosis in over 95% of shortterm cultures of lymphocytes from the blood, lymph or thymus of the rat is described. The method which is modified from Moorhead's original technique (′60) employs standard tissue culture medium (Eagles MEM or TC no. 199), 20% fresh rat serum, washed lymphocytes, penicillin, and phytohemagglutinin-P (0.01 cm3/cm3 of culture of a 1:5 dilution of stock solution). Details of culture technique and factors contributing to growth failures are discussed.The chromosomes of male and female Lewis rats were studied in metaphase spreads of cultured cells. The karyotypes of these rats are presented and found to be in agreement with those recently reported by Hungerford and Nowell (′63).
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  • 90
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The first statistically significant decline in the mean number of young born to female golden hamsters occurred in the fourth litters. The decreased size of fifth litters was highly significant and few females bore six litters.Hamsters unilaterally ovariectomized at 30 days of age had a significantly lower number of litters containing live young during their lifetime. Despite increased unilateral ovulaton, they bore less than half as many total young per female as intact controls and fetal resorptions and stillbirths occurred at an earlier age.The results of matings during the period of reproductive decline were observed in females from the age of ten months until death or sacrifice at an advanced age. Final litters contained few young, some born dead. One or two subsequent pregnancies were of term length but all conceptuses were resorbed. Few females beyond 15 months of age had implantation sites and most of these resorbed. Regular four day estrous cycles continued until a terminal illness and matings resulted in pseudopregnancy. Blastocysts were found at four and one-half days of gestation in some old females but not at 6 to 8 days. Failure of implantation appeared to be due to an inadequate uterine decidual reaction in the old animals.It appeared from the above observations that decreasing uterine adaptability limited reproductive capacity in aging hamsters.
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  • 91
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Castrated and castrated and hypophysectomized female mice (BALB/c) were injected subcutaneously with estradiol-17β (0.5 μg or 1.0 μg/day) and progesterone (1.0 mg or 3 mg/day) in addition to prolactin (1.0 mg), oxytocin (1.0 IU) or growth hormone (1.0 mg), alone and in combination for 10 or 15 days. Twenty-four hours after the last hormonal treatment, tritiated thymidine (0.7 μc/gram body weight) was injected intravenously, and the mice sacrificed six hours later. Tissue from the inguinal mammary glands was removed and processed for radioautographic, histological and whole mount study.Radioautographs of hematoxylin stained sections of mammary tissue from each animal were selected. Under oil immersion, 2,000 epithelial cells were consecutively counted and the number of labeled cells noted. Results are expressed as the per cent of labeled epithelial cells.All hormonal treatment, except oxytocin alone, caused a significant increase in per cent of labeled cells as compared to castrated, untreated animals. The per cent of labeled cells depended, in general, on the dosage and duration of treatment. Combinations of growth hormone with estradiol-17β and progesterone did not augment epithelial proliferation. The addition of oxytocin or prolactin to the estradiol-17β (0.5 μg)  -  progesterone (1.0 mg) combination significantly increased the per cent of labeled cells.Prolactin, but not oxytocin, augmented epithelial proliferation in similarly treated castrated and hypophysectomized mice. Combinations of estradiol-17β (1.0 μg) and progesterone (3.0 mg) with oxytocin or prolactin did not significantly augment epithelial proliferation as compared to ovarian steroid treatment alone.
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  • 92
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    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 150 (1964), S. 503-504 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 93
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    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 150 (1964), S. 449-461 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The prenatal development of the mandibular joint in mice was studied in fetuses at 15 to 20 days insemination age. The ramus of the mandible can be delineated as early as the fifteenth day by distinct differences in the degree of condensation of mesenchyme at the site of the future joint. The future condylar process of the mandible can be recognized in its relationship to the external pterygoid muscle, inferior alveolar nerve, Meckel's cartilage, pre-cartilaginous alisphenoid process of the future basisphenoid bone, and the anlage of the squamosal bone with its zygomatic process.Differentiation is rapid through the twentieth day of gestation at which time the following major elements of the joint can be recognized: a fibrous intra-articular disc continuous with the tendon of the external pterygoid muscle; a vascular synovial mesenchyme with upper and lower synovial spaces; an ossified squamosal bone with a fibrous joint lining; and a well developed condylar process with good representation of differentiating cells in the zones of chondrification and ossification.Among the elements not yet evident, however, are (1) hemopoietic marrow in the condyle, (2) a constricted neck at the base of the condyle, and (3) a fibrous capsule or capsular ligament.
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  • 94
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Thin slices of rat liver, kidney, and M. rectus femoris and thin, flat pieces of albumin-gelatin gels (which approximated the tissue slices in mass, dimensions and protein content) were immersed in formalin solutions at various concentrations, in some cases with variable amounts of NaCl (0.11-0.25M) added, and in some cases buffered at pH values ranging from 3.5-7.0. The slices were weighed at frequent intervals for the first 20 hours of immersion. Weight changes occurred rapidly. With the exception of the neutral buffered formalin curves, three families of response curves were obtained for the three tissues. With both formalin and formalinsaline solutions weight gain was inversely proportional to the solute concentration, but the formaldehyde particles apparently are not involved osmotically. The total osmotic concentration of formalin solutions, therefore, is not a factor in the swelling or shrinking of tissue slices. The presence of contaminants could be responsible for the effective osmotic concentration observed with these solutions. The weight response of slices is influenced by the pH of the formalin. Although the response of the gel system to any particular solution was quantitatively greater, it was qualitatively the same as the tissue slice response.
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  • 95
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The numerical variations observed in the dentition of the northern sea lions, fur seals and seals are summarized as follows: (1) There is a reappearance of the right maxillary second molar in the northern sea lion dentition and of the first deciduous premolar in the fur seal dentition, which may be interpreted as examples of evolutionary recession towards the full mammalian dentition. (2) There is a complete tooth reduction of the molars in the sea lion dentition. (3) There is the presence of a “Dentes geminati” of the second premolar and the supernumerary tooth in the right upper jaw and of the supernumerary tooth between the second and third premolars in the left upper jaw of an adult fur seal, which may be associated with the division of the second premolar tooth germ. (4) There is an appearance of a pair of supernumerary teeth lying lingually to the root of lower permanent central (second) incisors, being of interest in suggesting that they are either the appearance of the successors of the recent central incisors or the reappearance of the permanent first incisors, in the fur seal dentition. (5) There is a tooth reduction in the permanent dental formula from \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ {\rm I}\,\frac{{\rm 3}}{{\rm 2}}{\rm C}\,\frac{{\rm 1}}{{\rm 1}}{\rm P}\,\frac{{\rm 4}}{{\rm 4}}{\rm M}\frac{{\rm 1}}{{\rm 1}}\,{\rm to}\,{\rm I}\,\frac{{\rm 3}}{{\rm 1}}{\rm C}\,\frac{{\rm 1}}{{\rm 1}}{\rm P}\,\frac{{\rm 3}}{{\rm 4}}{\rm M}\frac{{\rm 1}}{{\rm 1}} $\end{document} in the seal, which was associated with a “Dentes confusi” in the same category of the dentition.
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  • 96
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    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 148 (1964) 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 97
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    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 148 (1964), S. 67-74 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Neuroanatomical nuclear configuration corresponding to the projection regions for the chorda tympani, the IXth, and the lingual nerves was studied in the cat thalamus by a combination of electrophysiological, stereotaxic, and histological techniques. Each of the three nerves innervating the tongue was dissected for stimulation in cats deeply anesthetized with Nembutal. Maps of the extent of the thalamic projection for a particular nerve were obtained by recording evoked potentials in the thalamus during the stimulation of one of these nerves. Such maps were correlated with the anatomical structures of the cat thalamus by reconstructing the recording sites from histological sections of the cat brain. It was found that the chorda tympani and the IXth nerve projection regions correspond closely to the ventromedial nuclear complex with slight encorachment on the lingual nerve projection region in the ventrobasal complex. The most medial portions of the taste nerve projection regions do not relay any tactile afferent impulses and the most lateral portion of the lingual nerve projection is not activated by impulses in the taste nerves. Therefore, it is suggested that the thalamic relay of taste is not coextensive with other lingual modalities in the cat thalamus but it has an independent representation in the ventromedial nuclear complex.
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  • 98
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Analysis of age changes in physical characteristics of mouse limb bones requires a sensitive, consistent and relatively simple apparatus for determination of transverse breaking strength. The developed instrument is essentially a one meter counter-balanced 4-to-1 lever with a tracked, motor-driven weight on its upper surface. At the beam's short end a loading tool impinges upward on a bone mounted in an adjacent holder; at the opposite end is a mercury switch connected to a relay halting the weight motor when fracture occurs. Bones, with proximal ends embedded in convex securing blocks of impression medium, may be positioned in a standard relationship to the holder, loading tool edge, and the balanced beam.Repetitive loading of a steel spring indicates instrument error of 1.8%. Preliminary tests with a random series of paired mouse femora show no significant difference between left and right bones. In the long-term study it will be possible to correlate physical strength with other characteristics of opposite bones.An air-gap capacitor across loading tool and bone holder and coupled to a variable frequency oscillator permits monitoring of specimen elasticity on a strip-chart recorder.
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  • 99
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    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 148 (1964), S. 103-109 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A malformed human fetus with multiple congenital anomalies including absence of an umbilical artery is described. These anomalies include malpositioning of the apex of the heart; a “mirror image” position of the liver; mal-rotation of the gut with absence of external demarcation into small and large intestine; failure of development of the cloacal region with imperforate anus and absence of a urethra; undescended testes and bilaterally mal-placed scrotal sacs, but the presence of a median phallus in spite of the failure of the ventral abdominal wall to develop fully.Factors known to influence the production of fetal anomalies in man and animals are discussed and a brief review of the literature on single umbilical arteries, which are known to be associated frequently with congenital anomalies, is given.
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  • 100
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Electron microscopic studies reveal that the red pulp of the rabbit spleen is composed of reticular cells, reticulum and elements of the blood circulating through it. The three types of reticular cells described follow no definite pattern as to types of spaces they line and are not always adjacent to a basement membrane. Similar or dissimilar cells may line a basement membrane on the same or opposing sides. The entire red pulp area is intercommunicating through pores and junctions of the several spaces and in that area in which no basement membrane exists, the cytoplasmic projections of the reticular cells form a meshwork of spaces. Terminal arterioles are seen to end in collapsed type channels with a change from endothelium to Type I reticular cells. These rapidly join dilated areas. The reticular network of the spleen appears as four types: homogeneous, fibrillar, a combination of these, and reticular cells only. Isolated cilia are found in the reticular cell cytoplasm and are shown to be associated with a basal body and a centriole. The investigation supported the hypothesis that the red pulp of the spleen in the adult rabbit is a functionally dynamic area constantly changing its histological structure, both regarding cells and state of the vascular channels.
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