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  • 1985-1989
  • 1980-1984
  • 1965-1969  (439)
  • 1966  (439)
  • Cell & Developmental Biology  (439)
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Materialart
Erscheinungszeitraum
  • 1985-1989
  • 1980-1984
  • 1965-1969  (439)
Jahr
Schlagwörter
  • 101
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Electrophoretic mobility of mouse cells and homologous isolated nuclei (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 68 (1966), S. 75-80 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The electrophoretic mobilities of Ehrlich ascites, sarcoma 37 ascites, mouse liver cells and their isolated nuclei were measured under similar environmental conditions. No differences in mobility were detected between cells and homologous nuclei from the same cell population and it was concluded that their surface charge densities were probably the same. The effect of neuraminidase on Ehrlich ascites and liver cells and nuclei was also determined; neuraminidase reduced the mobility of Ehrlich ascites cell nuclei as well as cells. The reduction in mobility of cells and nuclei prepared by a sucrose method was the same; however, the reduction in mobility of citric acid prepared nuclei was less than that of citric acid treated cells. The reduction in mobility of both liver cells and nuclei was small or insignificant. It is suggested that although cells and nuclei have similar electrophoretic mobilities, possibly different groups contribute to their surface charge.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040680110
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  • 102
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Orthophosphate excretion as related to RNA metabolism in TetrahymenaThis investigation was supported in part by the National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, U. S. Public Health Service grant AI-01065, Training grant 2E-148 and Bryn Mawr College. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 68 (1966), S. 149-156 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Log phase cultures of Tetrahymena pyriformis W excrete orthophosphate, a purine, and a pyrimidine when suspended in a non-nutrient buffered medium. Ribonucleic acid has been established as the primary source of these catabolic products. Thirty per cent of the total cellular RNA was degraded in three hours under the conditions of growth and suspension employed. The size of the phosphorus pools of these ciliates was determined during the period of RNA degradation; the internal acid-soluble organic phosphate and the cellular orthophosphate pools remained constant for five hours at 20% and 5% of the total cell phosphorus respectively. The ultraviolet-absorbing materials excreted with the orthophosphate were identified as hypoxanthine and uracil. A pentose, presumably ribose, was excreted in small quantities, but was not equivalent in amount to the orthophosphate and did not parallel the pattern of release of the anion. The excretion of orthophosphate, hypoxanthine, and uracil is correlated with the catabolism of RNA as it has been demonstrated in these cells.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040680209
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  • 103
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Influence of ions and tonicity of RNA metabolism in Tetrahymena pyriformisThis investigation was supported in part by the National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious. Diseases, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Public Health Service grant AI-01065, and Trainmg grant 23-148 and Bryn Mawr College. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 68 (1966), S. 157-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Net RNA degradation occurs in Tetrahymem pyrifmmis when this ciliate is suspended in a non-nutrient medium. The quantity and quality of the excretion products is at least partially under the control of the ionic content and the tonicity of the cellular environment. The excretion of ultraviolet-absorbing materials was found to be elevated by sodium ions in a medium isotonic to the culture fluid, or by a hypertonic environment. Magnesium counteracted these effects.In isotonic suspension, sodium and magnesium ions lowered orthophosphate excretion; however, sodium altered the nature of the phosphate products so that acidlabile phosphates were also excreted rather than solely orthophosphate. Similar results were obtained in a hypertonic environment with or without sodium.The degree of purine and pyrimidine loss from the cells in all conditions of suspension was reflected in the amount of RNA degraded. The ion and tonicity effects apparently reflect events which alter the stability of the RNA and the properties of the membrane system, resulting in changes in both the rate of RNA degradation and the nature of the excreted products. The rates of orthophosphate excretion appear to be affected by changes in the acid-base balance within the cell which may be governed by the cation levels. The manipulation of the ionic content and tonicity of the medium offers a convenient method for obtaining cells reduced in RNA content.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040680210
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  • 104
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Lysosomes in Tetrahymena pyriformis I. Some properties and lysosomal localization of acid hydrolasesSupported by grant GB-2871 from the National Science Foundation. Performed with the skillful technical assistance of Miss Magdeleine Debbaudt to whom the authors are deeply grateful. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 68 (1966), S. 165-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: In homogenates of Tetrahymena pyriformis, five hydrolases  -  phosphatase, ribonuclease, deoxyribonuclease, proteinase, amylase  -  with acid pH optima were found. Over 75% of their activity is sedimentable with a centrifugal force of 250,000 g. min. Only 17% of the acid phosphatase and ribonuclease is active when assayed in the presence of 0.25 M sucrose at 0°. Exposure to a lowered osmotic pressure, freezing and thawing, and incubation at temperatures over 0° result in activation of the latent phosphatase and ribonuclease. After isopycnic centrifugation in a sucrose density gradient the hydrolases show a broad distribution which differs greatly from those of enzymes associated with mitochondria (succinate dehydrogenase) or with peroxisomes (catalase). The results are interpreted as evidence that the five acid hydrolases studied are localized in lysosomes which represent a distinct population of subcellular particles in Tetrahymena.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040680211
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  • 105
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Extraction of an actin-like protein from the plasmodium of a myxomycete and its interaction with myosin a from rabbit striated muscle (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 68 (1966), S. 197-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: An actin-like protein was obtained from the plasmodia of a myxomycete, Physarum polycephalum. It forms a complex with muscle myosin A which behaves similarly to the actomyosin from rabbit striated muscle. On the addition of ATP the complex of this protein with myosin A shows a viscosity drop at high concentrations of KCl (∼0.5 M). At low concentrations of KCl (∼0.05 M) this complex superprecipitates from solutions containing 1 mM MgCl2 and shows Mg-activated ATPase activity. That is, the actin-like protein converts the ATPase of myosin A to the actomyosin type.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040680214
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  • 106
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Temperature dependent RNA decay in TetrahymenaSupported by grant GM 06461-07 from the United States Public Health Service. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 68 (1966), S. 203-205 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040680215
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  • 107
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Sodium transport inhibition by selective mitochondrial inhibitors in the urinary bladder of the toadA preliminary report of this paper was made to the VI Congreso de la Asociación Latinoamencana de Ciencias Fisiológicas, viña del Mar (Chile), November 23-28, 1964. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 68 (1966), S. 185-196 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The effects of selective mitochondrial inhibitors on the short-circuit current and oxygen consumption displayed by the isolated urinary bladder of the toad was studied.Three types of compounds were used: (a) electron transfer inhibitors, Amytal, Cyanide and Antimycin A; (b) energy transfer inhibitors Guanidine, Oligomycin and Rutamycin; and (c) uncoupling agents, Carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone and 2-4 dinitrophenol.The kinetics of inhibition of oxygen consumption indicated that the inhibitors tested were effectively reaching the mitochondria of the bladder cells.Different kinetics of inhibition of short-circuit current were obtained with the various inhibitors tested.Uncouplers and electron transfer inhibitors rapidly blocked the short-circuit current; energy transfer inhibitors only produced a slow and partial inhibition.A site of energy-coupling, tentatively identified with the intermediate formed in the energy transfer reactions closest to the electron transfer chain, is proposed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040680213
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  • 108
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Delayed inhibition of DNA synthesis in mouse jejunum by low doses of Actinomycin DThis work was supported by grants CA-0567, 5-K3-GM-15-465, CA-07174 and CA-08373 from the National Institutes of Health, U.S.P.H.S. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 68 (1966), S. 177-184 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Actinomycin D (0.008 μg/gm of body weight) injected intraperitoneally every two hours, produced a prompt 50% inhibition of RNA synthesis in the jejunum of mice, and a delayed inhibition of DNA synthesis, that reached its maximum inhibition (68% of control values) 4.5 hours after the first injection of actinomycin D. Autoradiographic studies indicated that this low level of actinomycin D inhibited a step in the G1 phase of the cell cycle, preventing the initiation, but not affecting the continuation, of DNA biosynthesis. The activity of DNA polymerase was not affected under these conditions. The results are substantially similar to those previously obtained with Ehrlich ascites cells growing in the peritoneal cavity of mice and can be interpreted as indicating that in the G1 phase of dividing cells there is an actinomycin sensitive step whose inhibition prevents the entrance of cells into the DNA-synthesis phase.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040680212
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  • 109
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Masthead (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 68 (1966) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040680301
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  • 110
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Malignant transformation in Vitro of chinese hamster embryonic fibroblasts with the Schmidt-Ruppin strain of Rous sarcoma virus and karyological analysis of this process (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 68 (1966), S. 221-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Using a method of cocultivation of embryonic Chinese hamster cells (CHEF) with Rous sarcoma cells and infection of CHEF by RSV-SR, it was possible to obtain malignant transformation of hamster cells. The morphologically altered cells became apparent within 15-36 days.In the cells transformed by cocultivation, the genome of RSV was determined by the method of contact of the transformed cell and the chicken cell in vivo; the malignant character of the transformed cells was demonstrated by transfer to a homologous newborn host. Repeated attempts to detect virus production in transformed Chinese hamster cells failed.Prior to malignant transformation and in early transformed cultures the diploid stem-line was maintained. A slight decrease in the proportion of diploid cells in transformed cultures was revealed in some experiments and is discussed. Prolonged cultivation of these cells, as also of control fibroblasts, shifts the stem-line to the hyperdiploid or hypotetraploid region.The mechanism of malignant transformation by RSV is discussed with regard to the action of the viral genome and alteration of the genetic make-up of the cell by the virus.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040680303
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  • 111
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Masthead (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670101
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  • 112
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Electrical response and function of a bitter substance receptor associated with the maxillary sensilla of the larva of the silkworm, Bombyx mori L. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 1-11 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: This receptor was strongly stimulated by “bitter” substances such as strychnine nitrate, salicin, brucine, nicotine, etc. as well as by the aqueous extracts which were obtained from many normally unacceptable plant leaves for the larvae. Such bitter substances for human sense as phenylthiourea, betaine, and MgSO4 were inert.This maxillary hair associates a water receptor (W) and two salt receptors (N2 and N2′) as well as the R receptor.When a solution contained both bitter substance and NaCl, the respective substance had a synergistic effect on N2 + N2′ or R receptor activities in a certain concentration range of each compound. Responsiveness of the R or N2 + N2′ receptors seemed to depend on the the mixing ratio of the two compounds. CaCl2 had inhibitory effects on the activity of the R and W receptors, but not on those of the N2 and N2′ receptors. Sugars had no effect on R receptor activity.The inhibitory effect on the feeding was observed when the substance stimulating the R receptor was present in either filter paper or fresh leaves. The inhibitory effect was considerably lessened by inactivation of the R receptor neuron.Accordingly, it is supposed that the exclusion of botanical species from the food plant range of the silkworm larvae might be determined in some parts by a high frequency of occurrence of the specific stimuli for the R receptor in their leaves.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670102
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  • 113
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Cell Division: Pressure-induced reversal of the antimeiotic effects of heavy water in the oocytes of the starfish, Asterias forbesi (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 13-21 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Meiotic activity in the öcytes of the starfish, Asterias forbesi, may be blocked by immersion in deuterated sea water (60% or more) as is judged by a stoppage in the breakdown of the germinal vesicles and a failure of the cells to form persistent polar bodies. These anti-meiotic effects of heavy water were reversed in significant degree by application of suitable intensities (3,000 to 6,000 psi) of hydrostatic pressure. In this regard meiosis resembles mitosis, as studied previously in the first cleavage division of the sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus.In studying germinal vesicle breakdown, immersion of the öcytes in deuterated (60, 70 and 80% D2O) sea water was initiated ten minutes after shedding and pressurization was established six minutes later. None of the non-pressurized deuterated cells showed complete breakdown of the germinal vesicle, whereas complete breakdown was observed in a significant percentage of the pressurized deuterated specimen.In studying their capacity to form and maintain polar bodies, the öcytes were deuterated 60 minutes after shedding and pressurized six minutes later. Maximum release from deuterational blockage, as judged by the percentage of persistent polar bodies after one hour of treatment, was as follows: 85% at 2,000 psi for 50% D2O; 65% at 2,500 psi, for 60%; 77% at 3,000 psi for 70%; 55% at 3,500 psi for 80% and 65% at 3,500 psi for 90%. Persistence of polar bodies in the non-pressurized deuterated cells did not exceed 15% in any medium containing 60% or more of D2O and the average persistence in such media was only 2.5%.Basic mechanisms which may account for the observed effects are discussed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670103
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  • 114
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Studies on synchronously dividing cultures of Euglena gracilis Klebs (strain Z). III. Circadian Components Of Cell DivisionResearch supported in part by USPHS fellowship (1-F1-GM-20, 195-01), General Medical Sciences Institute, USPHS; and in part by a grant to Dr. C. S. Pittendrigh of Princeton University from the Fannie E. Ripple Foundation. I thank Drs. Pittendrigh and V. G. Bruce of this Department for their helpful comments and criticism. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 35-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Euglena gracilis Klebs (Z) was grown axenically and autotrophically in four-liter serum bottles at 25°C on an aerated, continuously stirred, inorganic salt medium. Four fluorescent illumination regimes were employed: (1) continuous bright light of 3500 lux (LLb); (2) continuous dim light of 800 lux (LLd); (3) a LbD: 14, 10 (3500 lux) light-dark cycle; and (4) a LdD: 14, 10 (800 lux) light-dark cycle. Cell number was automatically monitored throughout all experiments.In LLb the generation time (G.T.) of the population was about 12 hours, whereas in LLd following LLb it was approximately five days; exponential growth occurred in either case. In LbD: 14, 10 synchronous growth occurred with a doubling of cell number every cycle of 24 hours. In LdD: 14, 10, however, although rhythmic cell division took place every 24 hours, the average increase in cell number during the division burst which occurred in each dark period was only 13.4%, so that the G.T. of the culture was about five days, as was the case for LLd. In the constant conditions of temperature and continuous dim light (LLd), following synchronous growth in LbD: 14, 10, small (17.0%) rhythmic division bursts lasting 14.5 hours continued to occur for at least ten days, with a period of 24.2 hours. The overall G.T. of the culture was about five days. These data demonstrating the circadian, endogenous nature of rhythmic cell division under certain conditions of continuous dim illumination were discussed in relation to the synchronous division observed in temperature and light-dark cycles.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670105
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  • 115
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Sialic Acid of Mammalian Cell LinesWork performed under the auspices of the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 23-34 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Approximately two-thirds of the total sialic acid (S.A.) per cell of a number of cell lines (L-929, L5178Y, HeLa, C13, P183, and CHO) was located at the cell surface but was inaccessible to the action of trypsin, pronase, lysozyme, β-glucuronidase, or hyaluronidase. The mean surface density of S.A. ranged from 5.4 × 105 molecules/μ2 surface area for the L5178Y cell to 16.1 × 105 molecules/μ2 for the P183 cell. The P183 cell line, which is a polyoma virus-transformed derivative of Stoker's C13 line, consistently contained more S.A. per cell than the latter under a variety of growth conditions, although the two lines did not differ in mean cell volume. When mean cell volume of C13, P183, or CHO cells was experimentally manipulated by thymidine or colcemide blockade, S.A. content per cell followed size changes closely. No evidence could be found for a shift in total S.A. per unit cell volume accompanying the period of maximum mitotic activity of partially synchronized CHO suspension cultures. Comparisons between cells grown on glass and the same cells grown in suspension, or between cells grown to different densities on glass, indicated no differences in the characteristic S.A. content per cell.
    Zusätzliches Material: 10 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670104
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  • 116
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Temperature regulation in the echidna (Tachyglossus aculeatus)This work was supported by grant HE 02228 from the National Institutes of Health. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 63-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The echidna (Tachyglossus aculeatus) maintained a body temperature of 30.7°C ± 1.03 s.d. (N = 23) at ambient temperatures (TA) between 0 and 25°C. It may, however, also become hypothermic at low TA. At TA = 30°C or above the echidna became hyperthermic. The thermoneutral range was about 20-30°C. At low TA the metabolic rate might be increased several fold. The thermal conductance was at a minimum at TA = 20°C, and was not further reduced at lower TA. At higher TA the thermal conductance increased up to five-fold. The evaporation showed little change with increasing TA. At the highest TA we used (33°C) the evaporation on the average accounted for the dissipation of only about one-third of the metabolic heat produced. These findings suggest that the echidna, although it can maintain its body temperature at low ambient temperature, cannot rely upon evaporation as the major avenue for heat loss at high ambient temperature.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670108
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  • 117
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Mode of action of straight chain hydrocarbons on primary chemoreceptors of the blowfly, Phormia regina (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 53-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The fundamental actions of straight-chain hydrocarbons on the three known primary chemoreceptor cell types of the blowfly, Phormia regina, were studied in quantitative terms. Lower alcohols and long-chain amines act in two stages: first a reversible inhibition, and then injury, of the salt, water, and sugar receptors in the labellar sensilla. The primary effects on salt and water receptors resemble hydrocarbon narcosis of nerve. Effects on sugar receptors, when analyzed kinetically, superficially resemble competitive inhibition. Other evidence, however, indicates that a non-specific effect on sugar receptor sites is more likely. The electrophysiological results from labellar chemoreceptors indicate that the previously reported hydrocarbon behavioral rejection thresholds are best explained by the inhibition of the sugar receptors. This conclusion is strengthened by further electrophysiological and behavioral tests on tarsal chemoreceptors.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670107
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  • 118
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Visual responses in crayfish. III. Further studies on transmission through the brain (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 45-52 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Responses to illumination of the eyes of the crayfish were studied by gross recording from one of the circumesophageal connectives. Two-thirds of the spontaneous activity at this level of the CNS consists of ascending activity, which is eliminated by cutting a connective posterior to the recording electrode. An average of about eight fibers in a connective responded to 1 sec illumination of the homolateral eye. The fibers were of four types: pure-on units, on-sustained units, on-and-off units and pure-off units. The average latency was 74 msec for the on-response and 26 msec for the off-response. The latency of responses to 10 μsec flashes of increasing intensity shortened from 72 to 52 msec. This was demonstrated to be mainly a peripheral effect since ERG latency showed a parallel reduction while the ERG-connective response interval remained more nearly constant at 40-50 msec. ERG amplitude, frequency, and usually the duration of the connective spike discharge increased at greater stimulus intensities, yet the average number of responding fibers was greatest at intermediate intensities. The results indicate minimal processing of response patterns by the brain.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670106
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  • 119
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Binding of cations by microsomes from rabbit skeletal muscleThis research was supported by grants from the N.S.F. (G19811 and GB-3088) and the Muscular Dystrophy Associations of America, Inc. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 73-83 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Fragmented sarcoplasmic reticulum and transverse tubular system, as isolated in the microsomal fraction from rabbit skeletal muscle, bind H+, Na+, K+, Ca++, Mg++, and Zn++. The binding depends on a cation exchange type of interaction between these cations and the chemical components of the membranous systems of the muscle cell. The monovalent and divalent cations exchange quantitatively for each other at the binding sites on an equivalent basis. Scatchard plots of the H+ binding data indicate that the binding groups can be resolved into two major components in terms of their pK values. Component 1 has a pK value of 6.6 and a capacity for H+ binding of 2.2 meq/g N. The second component has a much higher H+ binding capacity (7-8 meq/g N), but its pK value, 3.4, is non-physiological. The binding of cations other than H+ at a neutral pH occurs at the binding sites making up component 1. The order of affinity of the cations for the microsome binding sites is H+ » Zn++ 〉 Ca++ 〉 Mg++ » Na+ = K+ as reflected by the apparent respective pKM values: 6.6, 5.2, 4.7, 4.2, 1.3, 1.3. Caffeine, which causes contracture and potentiates the twitch of skeletal muscle, does not interfere with the binding of Ca++ by the microsomes at neutral pH.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670109
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  • 120
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Transmembrane electropotential changes in amphibian eggs at ovulation, activation and first cleavageThis work was supported by United States Public Health Service research grants GM 10757 and GM 04715 from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences. Dr. Morrill and Dr. Watson were supported in part by United States Public Health Service training grants 5T1-GM-395 and 2T1-NB-5304, respectively. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 85-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Electropotential differences between the cell interior and the external medium have been studied with intracellular microelectrodes in ovarian oocytes, ovulated unfertilized eggs and fertilized eggs of R. pipiens. In ovarian oocytes the cytoplasm was 50 to 80 mV negative, relative to isotonic Ringer's solution. In contrast, electrode penetration of the oocyte nucleus in situ indicated that the nucleoplasm was about 25 mV positive, relative to the cytoplasm. After ovulation, the cortical cytoplasm became 20 to 50 mV positive with regard to an external solution of 0.1 strength Ringer's solution (ca. pond water). Penetration of the cytoplasm at levels from 0.3 to 0.6 mm below the egg surface revealed an inner zone with a potential which was about 15 mV negative, relative to the cortical cytoplasm. A slow hyperpolarization of the cortical membrane occurred at activation, with the potential returning to that of the ovulated unfertilized egg within ten minutes. After fertilization, the egg cytoplasm remained positive until the first cleavage. As division proceeded, the cytoplasm slowly depolarized and became 50 to 60 mV negative, relative to 0.1 strength Ringer's solution.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670110
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  • 121
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Acid-base, fluid and electrolyte metabolism in the elasmobranchThis work was supported in part by a grant (HE-05059) from the National Institutes of Health, and in part by a grant from the National Science Foundation.. III. oxygen, CO2, bicarbonate and lactate exchange across the gill (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 93-100 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Methods have been developed which permit measurements of cardiac output and sampling of mixed venous and arterial blood in the elasmobrach, Squalus acanthias. These methods have been utilized to characterize some of the parameters involved in gill gas exchange. A total of 17 animals have been studied with the following results. Cardiac output: 1.49±0.57 1/kg/hr.; V̇o2: 38.3±22.1 ml/kg/hr.; V̇co2: 32.1±19.0 ml/kg/hr.; RER: 0.92±0.17; PaO2: 104±27 mmHg; Pv̄o2: 18±8.8 mmHg; PaCO2: 2.9±0.75 mmHg; Pv̄co2: 4.6±1.1 mmHg; CaO2: 3.8±0.75 vol. %; Cv̄o2: 1.26±0.59 vol. %; pHa: 7.52±0.10 units; Pv̄: 7.42±0.11 units; [HCO3-]a: 3.92± 1.14 meq/1; [HCO3-]v̄: 4.80±1.15 meq/1; [dissolved CO2]a: 0.17± 0.04 mM/1; [dissolved CO2]v̄: 0.24±0.04 mM/1; [lactate-]a: 13.47±7.17 meq/1; [Lactate-]v̄: 13.01±8.18 meq/1. Some of the mechanisms involved in gill gas exchange have been characterized.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670111
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  • 122
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Respiration and glycolysis in the human diploid cell strain wi-38This work was supported, in part, by U.S. Army Contract DA-18-064-AMC-131, USPHS Contract 43-62-157 from the National Cancer Institute and USPHS Career Award 5-K6-HE-734 from the National Heart Institute. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 125-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Assessment of the respiratory and glycolytic capacity of non-growing WI-38 cells shows that, in the absence and presence of added glucose, the mean rates of oxygen consumption were 247 (QO2 = 5.61) and 208 (QO2 = 4.73) mμmoles/mg dry wt/hr., respectively. Mean glucose consumption was 225 mμmoles/mg dry wt/ hr. With uniformly labeled 14C glucose as substrate, 36 mμg atoms of carbon dioxide were produced, corresponding to 15-20% of the total cellular respiration. Mean values for lactate production in the presence and absence of glucose were 345 (QLO2 = 7.85) and 196 (QLO2 = 4.45) mμmoles/mg dry wt/hr., respectively.Human diploid cells in culture age, in the sense that their ability to proliferate decreases with time during serial subcultivation. Studies of their respiratory and glycolytic capacity as a function of the aging process showed that total respiration, glucose respiration and glycolytic capacity were relatively constant for cells in the middle and late passages and indicate that aging in this sense is not directly related to the respiratory and glycolytic capacity of the cell.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670114
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  • 123
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Pattern of CO2 fixation during vegetative development and gametic differentiation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtiiSupported by contract AT(30-1)-3475 with the Atomic Energy Commission. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 101-105 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The rate of C14O2 incorporation into amino acids and organic acids in C. reinhardtii is a function of particular stages of development in the life cycle of the alga. Gametic differentiation in nitrogen free medium is accompanied by a reduced rate of amino acid synthesis and a higher synthesis of organic acids than that found for the cells undergoing vegetative development. The addition of ammonium to differentiating gametes results in an increased synthesis of amino acids, particularly the basic ones, and a concomitant reduction in organic acid synthesis.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670112
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  • 124
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The Influence of neurohumoral transmitter substances on protoplasmic streaming in the myxomycete Physarella oblonga (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 133-139 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The authors studied the influence of adrenaline-like substances and acetylcholine on the protoplasmic streaming in Physarella oblonga, investigating the effect on the duration of the rhythmic period. Adrenaline and noradrenaline proved to cause a shortening, whereas acetylcholine appeared to be capable of causing an extension of the period duration.The authors present and discuss critically the possibility that the adrenergic and cholinergic transmitter substances, which influence the visceral (mechano-) effectors in the higher animal organism often antagonistically, may also affect an elementary “functional” effector system responsible for protoplasmic streaming, and that in so doing they have comparable effects.The results of experiments with eserine, acetylcholine and a mixture of these two substances render it probable that an acetylcholine esterase and acetylcholine occur in the plasmodium.The mean normal value of the period duration was, calculated from 976 measurements and expressed in seconds: 284.183 ± 1.486 (S.E. of the mean). The average duration of the progressive and the regressive phase was found to be almost the same.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670115
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  • 125
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The release of amino acids from nerve during stimulationSupported by grant NB03971-03 from the USPHS. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 141-147 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Frog sciatic nerves were incubated for 24 hours in either glycine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, lysine, leucine, γ-aminobutyric acid, glutamine, or pentanedioic acid (all labeled with C14), and the rates of release of these compounds were monitored under resting conditions and during stimulation. Upon stimulation, the rate or release of glutamic acid increased an average of 200% above the resting rate. This extra release is highly specific with regard to molecular size and structure, since of the compounds tested only glutamic acid gave significant increases in rates of release during stimulation. Ouabain (0.1 mM) had no effect on the rate of release; however, sodium azide (0.2 mM or 1.0 mM) completely eliminated the extra release during excitation, indicating that the increased permeability to glutamic acid is energy-dependent. Competition experiments show that the extra release of glutamic acid can be eliminated with 10 mM concentrations of non-isotopic choline. The hypothesis is advanced that glutamic acid is actively extruded by a highly specific carrier mechanism.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670116
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  • 126
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The effects of modified ringer's solutions on the membrane potentials of innervated and denervated frog sartorius muscle fibers (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 107-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Comparison has been made between innervated and chronically denervated frog sartorius muscle fibers for resting potentials and a number of features of the action potential. Muscles were obtained from force-fed frogs maintained at room temperature for periods up to one year, and were studied with intracellular microelectrodes. Denervated muscles increased in sensitivity to acetylcholine by 100-400-fold. Studies were made in normal Ringer's solution, and in media in which concentrations of K+, Na+, Ca++, and Cl- were altered. The only significant differences noted between the denervated and the innervated fibers were a reduction in the maximum rate of fall of the action potential (ca. 20%) and an increase in the fall time of the active membrane potential (ca. 25%). These differences were present in normal Ringer's solution and remained when the bathing medium was modified. The resting membrane potential of denervated and innervated muscles varied with log [K+]o in exactly the same manner, and followed the theoretical relation proposed by Hodgkin (Proc. Roy. Soc., B, 148: 1-37, ′58), with the term representing the ratio of the sodium to potassium permeabilities assigned a value of 0.01. The results suggest that (a) the resting sodium and potassium permeabilities are reduced proportionately after denervation, since it is known that denervated frog muscle has a smaller potassium permeability, and (b) the mechanism controlling the increase in potassium conductance during the action potential is less available after denervation. Data indicate that the system controlling the sodium permeability is capable of activation to the same extent as in innervated muscles. Muslces which had been allowed to reinnervate did not show the differences presented by the denervated muscles. Innervated and denervated muscles did not show any significant changes in maximum rates of rise or fall of the action potential, nor of the active membrane potential amplitude over a 30 mV range of resting membrane potentials, indicating that the sodium and potassium permeability systems are fully available in frog muscle at membrane potentials larger than -80 mV.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670113
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  • 127
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Possible role of Ca ions in the resting metabolism of frog sartorius muscle during potassium depolarization (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 159-168 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Oxygen consumption and Ca exchangeability at different levels of potassium depolarization were studied in frog sartorius muscle. It was found that the changes in oxygen consumption parallel the changes in Ca exchangeability. Procaine (10-3 M) and CaCl2 (2.10-2 M) suppressed both extra oxygen consumption and Ca exchangeability at low values of depolarization. At higher values of depolarization procaine and CaCl2 differed in their action. Procaine favored inhibition of these processes, CaCl2 caused their activation. The effects of these compounds was not a result of a change in the membrane potential, since their effect on potassium depolarization was found to be small.Relations between oxygen consumption and Ca exchangeability similar to those observed at potassium depolarization seem to exist under conditions where caffeine was applied. It is proposed that the extra oxygen consumption caused by potassium depolarization or on application of caffeine and unaccompanied by mechanical changes is related to the release of Ca from its bound form. Oxygen consumption in isotonic sucrose solution was also studied, but some different data from the above were obtained.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670118
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  • 128
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Ascorbic acid metabolism and glycolysis in the polymorphonuclear leucocyte of the guinea pigThis research was supported in part by a grant from the National Research Council of Canada. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 169-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Exudate leucocytes lost approximately 30% of their original intracellular ascorbic acid content during two hour incubation in glucose medium. The same loss was observed for cells containing initially both high and low levels of ascorbic acid. High concentrations of ascorbic acid in the incubation medium depressed lactic acid production and increased oxygen uptake by the cells. Iodoacetate and fluoride at low concentrations decreased ascorbic acid loss from cells during incubation; at high concentrations they increased loss. Ascorbic acid uptake from the medium was inhibited by iodoacetate but stimulated by fluoride.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670119
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  • 129
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The effect of bile salts on oxygen consumption, oxidative phosphorylation and ATP-ase activity of mucosal homogenates from rat Jejunum and IleumThis investigation was supported by grant AM-07998 from the National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases, United States Public Health Service. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 149-157 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The conjugated bile salts, sodium taurocholate and glycocholate, inhibited oxygen consumption and uncoupled oxidative phosphorylation of mucosal homogenates from rat jejunum and ileum. These bile salts also were capable of increasing the ATP-ase activity, in the presence of Na+ + K+ with Mg++, of both mucosal homogenates. Consequently, it was concluded from the results of this investigation that the previously observed decrease in ATP levels of rat jejunum and ileum, in the presence of bile salts, can be accounted for by both a complete uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation and by an increase in ATP-ase activity. Furthermore, the mechanism of bile salt inhibition of tissue ATP levels was discussed in relation to a regulatory role played by bile salts in the active transport of water soluble substances across the small intestine.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670117
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  • 130
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Erratum (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 209-209 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670123
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  • 131
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Hemolysis of elasmobranch erythrocytes in urea solutions: Effect Of TemperatureThis investigation was supported in part by Public Health Service grant AM 07831 from the National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases and by a grant from the North Carolina Heart Association. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 177-179 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Skate and stingray cells were shown to hemolyze in isosmotic solutions containing urea as the sole solute. The rate of urea penetration into these cells as determined by the rate of hemolysis is highly temperature dependent with a Q10 of 2.50-2.75. A reduced rate of methylurea penetration in the presence of urea was reconfirmed. The present results are consonant with the hypothesis of carrier mediated transport of urea in elasmobranch erythrocytes previously proposed by Murdaugh, Robin and Hearn.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670120
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  • 132
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Separation of rabbit red cells by density in a bovine serum albumin gradient and correlation of red cell density with cell age after in vivo labeling with 59FeThis investigation was supported in part by Public Health Service Research grants AM-06367 and AM-05581 from the National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases, by grant CA-02728-09 from the National Cancer Institute, and by grant AT (30-1) 1829 from the Atomic Energy Commission. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 197-207 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Rabbit red cells are separated by centrifuging them for one hour at 33,000 G in density gradient tubes of bovine serum albumin. The separation represented an equilibrium situation since rebanding experiments showed that the cells from a layer would again seek that density layer when recentrifuged in a new gradient tube. When rabbits were injected with 59Fe, the radioactive red cells at one day were nearly all light, but these labeled cells moved into the more dense layers over the next few days. This not only shows that the separation by density is discriminating but that some red cells became dense very quickly. Bearing in mind the problems of interpreting radioactive iron data because of the possibility of reutilization, it is tentatively concluded that dense red cells are not necessarily senescent red cells since these dense cells appear to persist for the normal life span of the rabbit red cell.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670122
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  • 133
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A study of the crustacean axon repetitive responseSupported by NSF grant 24013.. III. A comparison of the effect of veratrine sulfate solution and potassium-rich solutions (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 181-196 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The crustacean single nerve fiber gives rise to trains of impulses during a prolonged depolarizing stimulus. It is well known that the alkaloid veratrine itself causes a prolonged depolarization; and consequently it was of interest to investigate the effect of this chemically produced depolarization on repetitive firing in the single axon and compare it with the effect of depolarization by an applied stimulating current or by a potassium-rich solution. It was found that veratrine depolarization, though similar in some respects to a potassium-rich depolarization of depolarizing current effect, was in many respects quite different.(1) At low veratrine concentration, less than 1 Mg%, the negative after potential following a spike action potential was prolonged and augmented. At higher concentrations or after a long period of time, veratrine caused a prolonged steady state depolarization of the membrane, the “veratrine response”. The prolonged plateau depolarization response could be elicited with or without an action potential spike by a short or long duration stimulating pulse, but only if the veratrine depolarization was prevented or offset by an applied conditioning hyperpolarizing inward current.(2) The “veratrine response” resembled the potassium-rich solution response in the plateau-like contour of the depolarization and the very low membrane resistance during this plateau phase. Like the potassium response, it was possible to obtain a typical hyperpolarizing response with an inwardly directed current pulse if applied during the plateau phase. During the negative after potential augmented with veratrine, however, this hyperpolarizing response was not observed.(3) In contrast to the potassium response, however, the “veratrine response” is intimately associated with the sodium concentration in the external medium. The depolarization in millivolts is linearly related to the log of the concentration of external sodium. Moreover, during veratrine action there is a continuous and progressive inactivation of the sodium mechanism which ultimately terminates repetitive firing and abolishes the spike action potential. Then even with conditioning hyperpolarization only the slow response may be elicited in veratrine, occasionally with a spike superimposed if sodium is present, but without repetitive firing.(4) It is concluded that veratrine action is the result of a chemical or metabolic reaction by the alkaloid in the membrane. It is suggested that veratrine may inhibit the sodium extrusion mechanism, or may itself compete for sites in the membrane with calcium and/or sodium. This explains the inhibiting effect of high calcium, the abolition of the “veratrine response” with low temperature and high calcium combined and the progressive inactivation of the sodium system.
    Zusätzliches Material: 14 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670121
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  • 134
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Masthead (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670201
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  • 135
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    RNA synthesis and cell division in cold-synchronized cells of Tetrahymena pyriformis (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 217-223 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Cells of Tetrahymena pyriformis have been cold-synchronized using a repetitive cycle of six, two-hour cold shocks (9.5°C) alternating with decreasing periods (60-30 minutes) at 28°C. This system gives a maximum division index of 70-80% occurring at 90 minutes from the end of the last synchronizing cold-treatment (EC). Examination of the division sensitivity of these cells to actinomycin D applied continuously at ten-minute intervals from EC reveals that division is essentially blocked until approximately 40 minutes past EC, after which a rapid decrease is sensitivity to the inhibitor occurs. Coinciding with this period of high sensitivity is the occurrence of a peak of C14 uridine incorporation at 40 minutes past EC. Inhibition of this peak is correlated with an inhibition of division, whereas strong inhibition of RNA synthesis beyond 60 minutes past EC has little effect on division activity. The similarity of these findings with those of the heat-synchronized system is discussed with the suggestion that both heat- and cold-synchronizing treatments result in the synchronous resynthesis of a division-associated fraction of RNA.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670203
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  • 136
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Heat production during diving in the fresh water turtle, Pseudemys scriptaSupported by N.I.H. grant HE-02228. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 225-231 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Heat production was measured calorimetrically in the turtle, Pseudemys scripta elegans, (a) while submerged and (b) while partially submerged and breathing various gas mixtures. Submersion resulted in a profound reduction of heat production (80%). This reduction was not merely a response to the dive per se, but depended on the oxygen concentration available to the turtle prior to the onset of the dive. Heat production while breathing gas mixtures with different O2 concentrations was unchanged down to 5% O2. At 3% O2, heat production was 50% of normal, and at 100% N2, it was 20% of normal. Uptake of dissolved O2 from water was found to be 6% of the O2 uptake from air by these turtles. These results suggest that following diving, there is a profound reduction in metabolic rate, but not until the O2 stores are depleted. This low rate is primarily anaerobic and only a very low oxidative metabolism can be supported by O2 extracted from the water.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670204
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  • 137
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The distribution of a ryanodine-sensitive Calcium pump in skeletal muscle fractions (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 233-238 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Rabbit skeletal muscle homogenates were fractionated by differential centrifugation over the range 2,000-35,000 × G, and the calcium pumping activity of each fraction was assayed, together with the sensitivity of this activity to ryanodine. The greatest ryanodine sensitivity was found in material sedimenting between 2,000-4,000 × G, with decreasing sensitivities seen in the successively lighter fractions.Muscle mitochondria accumulated calcium slowly, the process being essentially insensitive to ryanodine but greatly inhibited by azide. With oxalate present in the incubation medium the ryanodine-sensitive fractions showed no inhibition by azide or by dinitrophenol; when oxalate was omitted the pumping activity decreased greatly but now was inhibited by azide and little affected by ryanodine.Although the cellular origin of the sensitive calcium pumping element is not yet known, it appears that it is derived from the sarcoplasmic reticulum rather than from mitochondria, and may represent a substructure of the reticulum possessing specialized pharmacological properties.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670205
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  • 138
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The effect of serum albumin on the efflux of K42 from frog sartorius muscleThis work was supported by U.S. Public Health Service grant GM-10971 and by facilities provided by Indiana University Heart Research Center grant H-6308 from the National Heart Institute, U.S. Public Health Service. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 211-216 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The effect of serum albumin on the washout of K42 from isolated frog sartorius muscles, previously labeled in vitro with this isotope, has been investigated. Incorporation of 1% serum albumin in the washout fluid has been found to cause a significant reduction in the rate constant for K42 loss from the muscle fibers. A similar reduction in the rat constant for K42 efflux was observed when the medium, though not containing protein, was exhaustively dialyzed before use against a solution containing serum albumin. Addition of 10-6 M HgCl2 to “dialyzed” Ringer increased the rate of loss of K42 from the fibers. Effects similar to those obtained with serum albumin were observed when 10-4 M cysteine was incorporated in the washout fluid. 3-mercapto-propanol gave rise to transient reductions in the rate of K42 efflux, but, following prolonged exposure to this agent, the efflux rate was increased. 2′3-dimercapto-propanol (BAL) increased the rate of K42 loss from the fibers. It is suggested that this effect of serum albumin is due to its sequestering action on toxic substances (tentatively identified as heavy metals) normally present in trace amounts in Ringer's solutions.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670202
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  • 139
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A circadian rhythm of mating type reversals in Paramecium multimicronucleatum, syngen 2, and its genetic controlContribution no. 774 from the Department of Zoology, Indiana University. Work was aided by contract COO-235-20 of the Atomic Energy Commission to Dr. T. M. Sonneborn. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 239-270 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Two new alleles, C and c, involved in mating type expression were demonstrated. A dominant allele, C(cycler), must be present for the expression of the rhythm involving a sequential alternation of the two complementary mating types (III and IV). Cultures can be entrained with light-dark cycles. The phase of each clone can be characterized by its III to IV and IV to III transitions in relation to the zero hour of a given light-dark cycle. Phase is a stable phenotypic trait during asexual reproduction, but following sexual reproduction it does not display Mendelian segregation. Instead phase is determined through nuclear differentiation, i.e., the trait is controlled by differently determined macronuclear alagen (caryonidal inheritance) which normally segregate at the second cell division after conjugation. The phase of a clone within its genetic limits is a function of the photofractions and the light intensities used in the entraining treatment. By examining a number of clones a variety of phase angles between the mating type cycle and the entraining light-dark cycle are found. Dividing cells which are sexually unreactive and therefore do not express the rhythm can be entrained and following entrainment, phase is inherited through repeated cell replications at a rate greater than one fission a day in continuous darkness or continuous dim light. This result unique to this system indicates that the cellular processes underlying the phase and period of this circadian rhythm persist (unexpressed: sexual reactivity requires slight starvation) through repeated cell replications even when the division cycle is considerably shorter than the expressed circadian period. The rhythm has a circadian period in continuous darkness or light (tested for six days) of less than 24 hours. The reversal of mating type ceases in continuous light at higher intensities. Cells homozygous for the recessive allele, c(acyclic), do not reverse mating type but are either mating type III or IV, again as a consequence of nuclear differentiation. Since individual cells with the dominant allele express both mating types, differentiation for mating type can not involve the absence in the macronucleus of mating type determining factors.
    Zusätzliches Material: 16 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670206
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  • 140
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The effect of hematoporphyrin and light on human plateletsThis investigation was supported by a research grant he 09102-02 from the national heart institute, bethesda, maryland.Presented in part at the meeting of the federation of american societies for experimental biology in april, 1964 and abstracted in fed. proc., 24: 519, 1965.. I. Morphologic, functional, and biochemical changes (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 271-279 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The morphologic, functional, and biochemical changes produced by hematoporphyrin and light in human platelets have been characterized. by phase microscopy the cells appeared swollen and resembled signet rings; by electron microscopy they showed considerable loss of cytoplasm and their contour was smoother than normal. irradiated platelets were not aggregable by thrombin and calcium chloride, although they contained clottable protein, and were incapable of supporting clot retraction. a linear relationship was demonstrated between the per cent depletion of serotonin from irradiated platelets and the log dose of hematoporphyrin. the depletion of serotonin from these platelets was related lineraly to the log of time of exposure to light during the initial six minutes of exposure; but thereafter continued at a constant rate. the temperature of incubation influenced directly the rate of depletion of serotonin from irradiated platelets but did not influence the movement of serotonin into these platelets. atp was diminished considerably in irradiated platelets. these changes are attributable to damage to the membrane of the platelet by hematoporphyrin and light.These studies provide additional information about the blood platelet in terms of its response to photodynamic action.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670207
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  • 141
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Respiratory activity of avian blood cellsSupported in part by research contracts with the Office of Naval Research (NR 102-448) and the National aeronautics and space administration (r-53). (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 301-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The respiratory activity of avian blood cells was determined with samples of whole blood from individual male and female chickens. this oxygen consumption represents only that of the cells since no measurable activity was found in the plasma samples. the precision of determining respiratory activity was examined statistically and found to be approximately that obtained with a blood cell count but much less precise than the packed cell volume determination. the variability of cell count and mean corpuscular volume indicates that neither is a good means for expressing oxygen consumption - the most meaningful basis is oxygen consumption per milliliter of cells. the relationship between blood cell respiration and temperature is described.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670210
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  • 142
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The effect of hematoporphyrin and light on human plateletsThis investigation was supported by a research grant he 09102-02 from the national heart institute, bethesda, maryland.Presented in part at the meeting of the federation of american societies for experimental biology in april, 1965 and abstracted in fed. proc., 24: 519, 1965.. II. Uptake of hematoporphyrin (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 281-284 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: A linear relationship was demonstrated between the reciprocals of the concentration of free hematoporphyrin and the moles of hematoporphyrin taken up by the platelet in the dark. radiated platelets took up more hematoporphyrin than did controls; this increase in uptake was accounted for by the movement of the dye across the damaged membrane of the cell. platelets irradiated at 4°c remained impermeable to hematoporphyrin until warmed to 37°c. during the initial three to four minutes of exposure to light at 37°c, there was no additional uptake of hematoporphyrin by platelets in comparison to controls. between six to ten minutes irradiation, the uptake of hematoporphyrin increased linearly with the log time of irradiation. thereafter, no further uptake occurred. a further increase in uptake of dye was demonstrated by both control and irradiated platelets at a reduced ph. this study enables a correlation to be made between the effects of hematoporphyrin on the platelet and the uptake of this agent by the platelet.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670208
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  • 143
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Growth dynamics of an amphibian tissueThis work was supported in part by Public Health Service grant NB-05425-01, and also by institutional grant 71D from the American Cancer Society. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 307-318 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: By the “labeled mitoses” method of Quastler and Sherman and others, the cell cycle of the germinative zone cells of the bullfrog lens epithelium has been characterized. It has been shown that this cycle lasts approximately 83 days with the DNA synthetic phase enduring 100 hours and G2, 11 hours. G1 occupies over 90% of the total time. the duration of mitosis itself has not been precisely determined. the length of the synthetic phase was corroborated by double labeling with c14 and h3-thymidine.When the temperature is raised by 6°c, from 24° to 30° the cycle is compressed by 40%.When the nongerminative, central cells of bullfrog lens epithelium are activated (stimulated to undergo DNA synthesis and mitosis) by injury or through in vitro culture, the length of the cycle also appears to decrease. in the in vitro experiments the generation time, as judged by the period elapsing between two successive bursts of DNA synthesis involving the same cells, amounts to 177-190 hours at 24°c. by raising the temperature to 30°c the time from injury or isolation until the appearance of the first wave of mitosis is reduced by 20%.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670211
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  • 144
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The in vitro response of thymic lymphocytes of the pig to phytohemagglutininThis work was aided by Pennsylvania Plan Funds, grant FR-00120-01 from the Division of Research Facilities and Resources, and by U.S.P.H.S. grant 5T1 Ca-5097.The work was performed at the interdisciplinary cancer research facilities of the school of veterinary medicine. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 285-299 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The response of thymic lymphocytes of the pig to phytohemagglutinin was studied with H3 thymidine in cultures, from 0-72 hours. At the beginning of the culture period 6-18% of lymphocytes were in DNA synthesis. during the first 24 hours a sharp decrease in the number of DNA synthesizing cells was observed in both pha and control cultures, although pha cultures consistently showed small but significantly greater numbers of DNA synthesizing cells. this was followed by a definite peak in DNA synthesis and mitotic response of a minority of the cells in pha cultures between 48-54 hours, whereas in control cultures activity ceased. in addition, a small proportion of the progeny of initially DNA synthesizing medium sized lymphocytes was apparently stimulated by pha and found in mitosis by 48 hours.It was concluded that the thymus contains a fraction of lymphocytes, not in the mitotic cycle, which are capable of being transformed by pha to mitotic activity. the data also suggests some stimulation of cells already in the mitotic cycle.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670209
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  • 145
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Movements of myelin sheath particles in a weak electric fieldThis work was supported by grant 138 of the National Multiple Sclerosis Society, New York. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 339-344 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: When a weak electric field is applied to longitudinal sections of myelinated nerve, myelin material migrates out of the tissue edges towards both poles. the materials migrating from the anodal and cathodal edges seem to be chemically similar but differ in physical properties. at the anodal edge the bimolecular lipid layers rearrange into spherical micelles forming an “oil in water” emulsion, and at the cathodal edge into micelles forming a “water in oil” emulsion. the latter is unstable in water and is rapidly transformed into an “oil in water” emulsion. these findings have physiological and structural implications for the study of biological membranes.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670214
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  • 146
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Neural responses in the inferior colliculus of echolocating bats to artificial orientation sounds and echoes (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 319-332 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The responses of single units and evoked potentials to a pair of artificial sounds, mimicking theorientation sound and echo, and to tape recorded actual orientation sounds were studied in terms of recovery cycle. the recovery cycle of single units could be classified into four groups: (1) short suppression (4%), (2) delayed inhibition (11%), (3) temporal recovery with or without a supernormal phase (7%), and (4) undelayed inhibition (78%) lasting 4 to 26 msec. therefore the majority of neurons were not excited by the second sound (echo) of a pair when it was delivered within several milliseconds after the first (out-going orientation sound). the duration of the recovery cycle was a function of the intensity of a pair of sounds. the weaker the first tone pulse relative to the second, the more rapid the recovery to the second. therefore, the reception of echoes is probably improved by contraction of middle ear muscles resulting in attenuation of self-stimulation by the out-going pulse.The collicular evoked potential consisted of two components, a fast one mainly due to the incoming fibers from lower levels and a slow one due to the main body of the inferior colliculus. The slow component showed slow recovery cycles as did the majority of single units while the fast one recovered very quickly. No noticeable difference in recovery cycles was found between awake and anesthetized animals. The functional meaning of inhibitory periods in the recovery cycle and role of the inferior colliculus in echo-location are discussed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670212
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  • 147
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Phylogenetic variation in the primary structure of hemoglobins (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 1-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The amino acid compositions of homologous tryptic peptides, as well as the amino acid sequences of complete peptide chains, are compared in hemoglobins of different species. Special attention is given to the analyses of mammalian and fish hemoglobins. The multiplicity of hemoglobins in one species and the differences between the hemoglobins of different species are considered. These differences are discussed in view of base exchanges, deletions, insertions, and gene duplications.Enormous differences are found between any two single hemoglobin chains. The number of amino acids varies from 127 to 156 residues. In comparing all the hemoglobins, only eight amino acids are found in identical positions (invariant residues). All hemoglobins analyzed to date follow the rule of “isopolar substitution” of Perutz, Kendrew, and Watson. The results are summarized and considered with regard to certain parallels in the morphology.
    Zusätzliches Material: 15 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670404
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  • 148
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Tertiary structure of sickle cell hemoglobin and its functional significance (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 21-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Precision scale models of sickle cell hemoglobin molecules indicate that the genetic substitution of valine for glutamic acid at the sixth position in the two β chains allows an intramolecular hydrophobic bond to form. This changes the conformation in such a way as to allow molecular stacking. Results of subjection of Hb S solution to temperature change and to propane are consistent with the presence of such a bond. Examination of sickled erythrocytes in a magnetic field and in polarized light indicates that the Hb S molecules are aligned in situ. Filaments interpreted as hollow cables of six Hb S monofilaments have been demonstrated by electron microscopy.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670405
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  • 149
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Genetic regulation of peptide synthesis in hemoglobins (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 65-75 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The structural genes for the chains of hemoglobin control not only the amino acid sequence but also the net rate of synthesis of the chains. In some cases, high rate of destruction associated with a structural abnormality is an important factor in net synthesis. Balanced net production of α and β chains is probably maintained by selection against mutations that result in gross imbalance, since gross imbalance causes hemolytic anemia or death. Minor imbalances may be compensated for by destruction of excess chains without destruction of red blood cells. A proposed model for control of rate of synthesis of the globin chains postulates that completed chains are released from mRNA at a rate determined by the slowest step in their assembly. Decreased synthesis can result from a mutation that results in a slower step anywhere along the mRNA. On the other hand, increased synthesis can only result from a change in the specific position of the rate-limiting step.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670408
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  • 150
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Microelectrode analysis of light responses in the brain of the cricket (Gryllus domesticus)This research was done during the tenure of a U.S.P.H.S., N.I.M.H. postdoctoral fellowship (H.D.) and was supported by N.S.F. grant GB-1711 to S. S. Fox. For technical assistance we are grateful to Miss Bonnie Cross and Miss Joanna Wirble. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 68 (1966), S. 45-59 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Electrical activity in response to light stimuli was recorded from the brain of the cricket (Gryllus domesticus) using stainless steel microelectrodes. Four basic types of elements were observed as follows: (1) units which registered ambient light intensity by frequency of firing as well as responding with transient changes in rate to stepwise increases or decreases in intensity; (2) units which fired at a higher frequency in dark than in light; (3) units which fired continuously at low level in light and responded with a transient high frequency burst to light off; and (4) units which responded with a brief burst to on and off, but tended to be “on-dominant” or “off-dominant.” Also observed were synchronized spikes in mushroom body responding primarily to light off, but also on occasion to light on, and often accompanied by single unit responses. The units registering intensity are probably homologous with units showing similar properties recorded from the visual systems of several other arthropods and usually referred to as “sustaining units.” On-off, off, and dark units are also known from other forms. The mushroom body light responses were similar to synchronized spikes recorded in cockroach mushroom body following antennal stimulation.
    Zusätzliches Material: 11 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040680107
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  • 151
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Regeneration of sialic acid on the surface of Chinese hamster cells in culture. I. General characteristics of the replacement processWork performed under the auspices of the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 68 (1966), S. 85-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Treatment of cultured CHO cells with neuraminidase reduced the mean surface sialic acid density to less than 10% of pretreatment values. Upon return to culture the mean density returned to pretreatment values within 12--16 hours. During the period of surface sialic acid deficiency, no effect on cell volume, cell division, or attachment and spreading of cells on glass could be discerned. Surface sialic acid regeneration occurred at the same rate in suspension and monolayer cultures. Cells treated with neuraminidase, then with 10 mM thymidine or 6 μg/ml actinomycin D, ceased division yet replaced their surface sialic acid at the usual rate. By contrast puromycin (50 μg/ml), while stopping cell division, caused rapid inhibition of the regeneration process. Puromycin did not prevent cells untreated with neuraminidase from maintaining their control amount of surface sialic acid per cell.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040680112
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  • 152
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Energy requirement for the incorporation of amino acids into protein of isolated mouse-liver mitochondriaThis investigation was supported by grant AM-9186 from the National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases, United States Public Health Service. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 68 (1966), S. 91-93 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Mitochondria isolated from mouse liver can incorporate amino acids into mitochondrial protein. Studies with oligomycin and antihistamine drugs indicate that this incorporation may not be an ATP requiring process.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040680113
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  • 153
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Contraction of protoplasm. I. Cinematographic analysis of the anodally stimulated contraction of spirostomum ambiguumSupported by N.I.H. Research grant 8611. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 68 (1966), S. 127-133 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Electrically stimulated contraction of Spirostomum ambiguum was investigated by high speed cinematography (up to 6,000 pps). Contraction is completed in about 4 msec following a latent period of up to 30 msec. Reduction in length during contraction followed a sigmoid curve, and final length was about 50% of the original length. Contraction always started at the end of the animal directed towards the anode. When the length of each half was measured separately, it was found that the cathodal end lagged about 1 msec in all cases observed. Rate of contraction was increased when the external calcium contraction was increased, and was decreased in Ca-free and K-free solutions, but was unchanged in K-rich solutions. These results are interpreted in terms of contraction being associated with a relative increase of calcium bound to the contractile protein. The differential migration of potassium and calcium ions in an electric current would result in a temporary lowering of K+ at the anodal end of the animal, hence a relative rise would take place in the Ca++ available for binding. The results of experiments using changed calcium and potassium concentrations can be explained by this hypothesis which is in general agreement with modern work on muscle contraction and relaxation.
    Zusätzliches Material: 13 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040680207
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  • 154
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Contraction of protoplasm. II. Theory: Anodal vs. Cathodal in relation to calciumSupported by N.I.H. Research grants 8611 and 6462 and ONR Contract NONR 4756. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 68 (1966), S. 135-148 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: It has been known for over 100 years that when the protoplasm of protozoan cells respond to electrical stimulation by contraction, contraction always starts at the anodal end (e.g., Spirostomum, Jones, Jahn and Fonseca, 1965). It also is known that the cell membrane of protozoa does not have a self-propagating depolarizing action potential of the type found in axons and muscle cells.If we assume that contraction of the cytoplasmic protein is caused by an increased association of calcium with the protein, as known for muscle, these antithetical facts can easily be explained. Another necessary assumption is that all of the anionic sites on the protein have associated counterions, in accordance with the theories of Debye-Hückel, Ling, and Eisenman.On the basis of known ionic electrical mobilities it can be predicted for cells with non-excitable membranes that calcium (1) is removed from both the inside and the outside of the membrane at the cathodal end and is added to both sides at the anodal end, (2) is added to cytoplasmic protein throughout the cell, but is added more rapidly at the anodal end, and (3) is made available for addition to cytoplasmic protein at the cathodal end, as it is released from the membrane. In a cell with an excitable membrane the above will be true, and furthermore (4) the action current will release larger quantities of calcium than those resulting directly from the stimulus. For these reasons it is predictable that in cells with a non-excitable membrane, contraction should start at the anodal end, whereas in cells with excitable membranes, it should start at the cathodal end, and that is exactly what occurs.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040680208
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  • 155
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Difference between medullary and cortical thymic lymphocytes of the pig in their response to phytohemagglutininThis work was aided by Pennsylvania Plan Funds and U.S.P.H.S. grants FR-00120-02 and 5 TI Ca 5097.Most of this work was performed at the Interdisciplinary Cancer Research Facilities of the School of Veterinary Medicine. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 68 (1966), S. 117-125 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Pig thymus tissue was cultured with organ culture techniques in the presence and absence of phytohemagglutinin in the culture medium. Morphologic and autoradiographic observations indicate that in the pig, lymphocytes capable of responding to phytohemagglutinin are located predominantly in the medulla of the thymus.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040680206
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  • 156
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Immunogenetic analysis of microsomal and non-microsomal lipoproteins from normal and malignannt mouse tissues for histocompatibility-2 (H-2) antigensThis work was supported, in part, by U.S.P.H.S. Research Grant number CA 04534 and CA 07973 from the National Cancer Institute. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 68 (1966), S. 207-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The H-2 antigenic properties of lipoprotein fractions from malignant (L-5178Y leukemia) and normal (spleen, thymus, liver, kidney) mouse tissues have been studied by serological and immunological tests, and the results compared to the previously described activities of these fractions in homograft-sensitization tests. Although, in general, the relative activities in the different assays parallel each other some notable exceptions were found. The non-microsomal lipoproteins from leukemic tissue, inactive in homograft-sensitization tests, did elicit H-2 antibody. Also, the liver microsomal lipoproteins, which are inactive in homograft-sensitization tests in amounts 400 × the minimal effective doses of spleen preparations, exhibited, in in vitro agglutinin-inhibition tests, approximately one-fourth the H-2 activity of the latter. Other findings of note include the high antibody-eliciting potency of the spleen and leukemia microsomal lipoproteins (15 μg protein was sufficient to initiate primary immunization and 1 μg protein to cause an anamnestic response); and the quantitive identity of H-2 antigen activity of the microsomal lipoproteins from spleen and thymus.
    Zusätzliches Material: 10 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040680302
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  • 157
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The cloning of macrophages in agar: Identification of the cells by electron microscopySupported by Research grants GM 13543 and cA-05266 from the United States Public Health Service. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 68 (1966), S. 385-387 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: A normal cell type that can be cloned in agar has been identified by electron microscopy as a macrophage.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040680316
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  • 158
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Phosphate transport in fertilized sea urchin eggs. I. Kinetic aspectsThis paper is dedicated to our friend and fellow scientist, Dr. Albert Tyler, on the occasion of his sixtieth birthday.This investigation was supported in part by research grant GB 2893 from the National Science Foundation and grant DRG-826 from the Damon Runyon Memorial Fund for Cancer Research to E.L.C., and by a grant from the National Science Foundation to A.H.W.Part of this work was presented at the 10th International Congress of Cell Biology, Paris, 1960. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 68 (1966), S. 289-308 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Properties of the fully developed phosphate transport system in the fertilized egg of the sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, were investigated. The rates of phosphate transport at concentrations of external phosphate of 1 to 44 μM, both in the absence and in the presence of 100 μM arsenate, exhibit typical saturation kinetics. At sea water concentrations of 2 μM phosphate, the rate of uptake is about 2 × 10-9 μm/egg/minute at 15°C. Arsenate is a competitive inhibitor of phosphate transport, fully and immediately reversible in its effects, yielding Ki values ranging from 10.5 to 14.1 × 10-6 M in comparison to the corresponding apparent KM (Michaelis-Menten) constants for phosphate of 5.6 to 7.5 × 10-6 M (pH 8.0, 15°C).The rate of arsenate uptake in a phosphate deficient medium amounts to 2.8 to 2.9 × 10-10 μm arsenate/egg/minute at an arsenate concentration of 2.9 to 10.2 μM arsenate (HAsO4--), which is 9.5 and 5.6% of the rate of phosphate uptake at corresponding phosphate concentrations.Arsenate has essentially the same developmental effects at initial concentrations of 5-10 μM and 100 μM arsenate, namely no observable effects for exposure periods of 7.5 hours, although longer periods result in blockage of development at the early blastula stage.Outward flux of phosphate ions cannot be demonstrated by washing prelabelled eggs with sea water containing low or high concentrations of phosphate, even when phosphorylation has been blocked by exposing the eggs to a metabolic inhibitor.Phosphate uptake rates measured in the pH range from 5.0 to 10.0 reveal a sharp optimum at pH 8.8-8.9. Reference to the apparent pK' values of the phosphoric acid system indicate that the entering species is the HPO4-- ion. The effects on rates of phosphate uptake of exposure to sea water at pH values between 7 and 10 for 30 minute periods are fully reversible, but at lower pH values, reversal is delayed, and is only partial.Sodium molybdate (0.01 M), sodium pyrophosphate (1.5 × 10-4 M), and adenosine triphosphate (1-5 × 10-4 M) for exposure periods ranging from 40 to 180 minutes did not significantly affect phosphate uptake. Omission of Ca++ ion from artificial sea water is without effect on phosphate uptake but the absence of both Ca++ and Mg++ results in profound and irreversible depression of both phosphate uptake and development.The data of this and the following paper are consistent with the conclusion that the transport of phosphate involves a surface located carrier.The apparent secondary and tertiary ionization constants of phosphoric acid in sea water (ionic strength = 0.6885) were measured, resulting in a value for pK′2 = 6.14 and for pK′3 = 10.99, at 15°C and phosphate at infinite dilution.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040680309
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  • 159
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Anti-mitotic effects of colchicine and hydrostatic pressure; synergistic action on the cleaving eggs of Lytechinus variegatus (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 333-338 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Low concentrations (below 0.00005 m) of colchicine and low intensities (below 2,800 psi) of pressure, applied separately to early prophase eggs (lytechinus variegatus) produced no measurable inhibition of the first cleavage division (at 20°c). in combination, however, these subliminal treatments produced marked inhibition. complete blockage, in fact, was observed: at 2,300 psi for eggs in 0.00004 m colchicine; at 2,500 psi for eggs in 0.00003 m; and at 2,800 psi for eggs in 0.00002 m solutions.The curves obtained by plotting percentage inhibition as a function of pressure for each of the colchicine concentrations specified above were approximately parallel to one another; but each decrement in the colchicine concentration shifted the curve about 300 psi higher along the (pressure) abscissa.In short, a distinct synergism was found in reference to the anti-mitotic effects of colchicine and pressure. This result is quite opposite to that reported previously in regard to the actions of heavy water and high pressure.As to basic mechanism, the evidence indicates that both colchicine and pressure exert their effects by inhibiting polymerization of the subunits of a fibrous protein which constitutes an important structural component of the mitotic apparatus or by depolymerizing the mitotic protein, if it already has been formed at the time of treatment.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670213
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  • 160
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Masthead (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670301
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  • 161
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The influence of temperature on the water exchange in amphibian eggs and embryos (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 355-360 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The water exchange has been measured in oocytes of siredon mexicanum and rana temporaria, and in unfertilized eggs and early gastrulae of the former species, by recording the D2O—H2O exchange with the cartesian diver balance.In oocytes, where no diffusion barrier to water is demonstrable, the temperature coefficient Q10 for the exchange of water is about 1.3-1.4, corresponding to that of free diffusion. in unfertilized eggs, and in early gastrulae the exchange is considerably slowed down, indicating that a surface membrane to some extent limits the rate of exchange. at the same time the Q10 value is increased, lying in the range 2.3-3.8. since it is most likely that the exchange even in this case occurs by diffusion, but through membrane pores, it is concluded that the area available for diffusion (pore size or number, or both) increases with temperature.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670216
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  • 162
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effect of CO2 on the growth of a bleached EuglenaThis investigation was supported in part by a contract nonr 233(95) nr 108673, between the Office of Naval Research, Department of the Navy and the University of California. Los Angeles, and includes portions of a thesis presented by R. D. Tremmel in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts at the University of California, Los Angeles. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 361-365 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The addition of CO2 in gaseous form to the growth medium of Euglena gracilis var bacillaris (streptomycin bleached) results in a marked increase in the peak populations reached by the organism. when 20 mm succinate is used as the carbon source, the increase in peak population is proportional to the percentage CO2 enrichment of an air wash up to at least 10% CO2. when acetate is used as a carbon source for growth, some increase is seen in the peak population reached by euglena but the increase is not dependent upon the percentage enrichment of CO2 between 2 and 10% CO2. this extended growth is dependent up the presence of gaseous CO2; bicarbonate ion actually inhibiting growth. thiamin is not required for the CO2 effect, in fact no thiamin requirement can be demonstrated for this organism under the conditions of this experiment.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670217
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  • 163
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Reversed potentials in isolated frog skin. II. Active transport of chloride (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 367-373 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Net inward transport of Cl in the absence of an electrochemical potential difference was demonstrated in the skin of two species of frog, R. pipiens and R. esculenta under conditions of low (2 mM) Cl concentration in the bathing solutions. The electrical potential profile of skins of R. pipiens was examined with microelectrodes under conditions in which the inside solution was negative relative to the outside solution. This reversal of the normal potential difference was found to arise as a result of potential changes across the outward facing electrical barriers in the skin. The reversed potential difference appears to arise, at least in part, as a result of the inward Cl transport. The effect may be due either to electrogenic Cl transfer or to variations in internal composition of the epithelial cells arising as a result of Cl transport.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670302
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  • 164
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Metabolic control reactions of the intact urinary bladder of the toadPreliminary reports of this work have been published (Davis and Canessa-Fischer, '61a, b; Canessa-Fischer, Edelmann and Davis, '62; Davis, Canessa-Fischer and Edelmann, '62). (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 345-354 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Metabolic control reactions have been studied in the intact toad bladder by means of fluorescence spectrophotometric measurement of reduced pyridine nucleotide and by measurement of respiration with the platinum electrode. substrates such as pyruvate and succinate lead to prompt increases in reduction level of pyridine nucleotide with only slight acceleration of respiration. major metabolic control is exerted by adp, which depletes the intact bladder of reduced pyridine nucleotide and accelerates respiration. respiratory control ratios, as for isolated mitochondria, depend upon the substrate being metabolized. a significant fraction of added adp appears to gain entry into the intact toad bladder and is converted to atp, anaerobiosis and amobarbital lead to increased levels of reduction of pyridine nucleotide. the spectroscopic and metabolic properties of the reduced pyridine nucleotide being studied identify it with that fraction of dpnh which is bound at one of the energy conservation sites linking phosphorylation reactions with electron transfer.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670215
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  • 165
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The metabolism of L-glutamate and L-5-Carboxypyrrolidone by mouse cells (NCTC clone 929) under conditions of defined nutritionThis investigation was supported in part by Public Health Service Research Grant A-4715 from the National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases, and in part by a grant to The Jackson Laboratory from The John A. Hartford Foundation. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 383-398 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The utilization of L-glutamate by clone 929 mouse cells growing in a synthetic medium, MAL 294/2, was studied with the aid of carbon-14 labeled L-glutamate. The rate of consumption of extracellular glutamate was rapid even though the extracellular concentration of this substance has been found to remain constant or to increase. The rate of uptake during an interval of otpimal growth was calculated to be approximately 42 mμmoles/mg of cell protein per hour.Among the metabolic products that are derived from the carbon of glutamate and secreted from the cells are carbon dioxide, lactic acid, proline, alanine, alpha-ketoglutaric acid and 5-carboxypyrrolidone. Aspartic acid, although produced by the cells in amounts sufficient to meet the needs for growth, does not appear as an extracellular product of glutamate metabolism. Extracts of L cells were found to exhibit four times as much glutamic-oxaloacetic as glutamic-pyruvic transaminase activities. Failure to secrete aspartic acid must not be due to a deficiency in the transaminase. The transaminase concentrations are apparently not affected by variations in the concentrations of aspartic acid and alanine in the medium, both of which are absent from MAL 294/2.5-Carboxypyrrolidone, although produced from L-glutamate by L cells, is metabolically inert in this system. Likewise, mouse fetal lung cells, cultured in a similar way, use glutamic acid as extensively as L cells and fail to metabolize exogenous 5-carboxypyrrolidone.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670304
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  • 166
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The hibernation cycle and related changes in the brown fat tissue of Citellus lateralisThis project was supported from a grant from the Medical Research Council of Canada. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 421-429 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The hibernating habits of Citellus lateralis under standard laboratory conditions are described. It has been shown that it is possible to use a biopsy technique to investigate the brown fat tissues without serious disturbance to the hibernation pattern. This technique was used to sample brown and white fat tissues in the same animal at various seasons of the year. Histological studies did not reveal any changes in morphology or lipid composition which could be related purely to the hibernating season, however, during the short periods of arousal a large proportion of the brown fat cells appeared to be partially depleted of neutral fat. At this time a large increase in Luxol fast blue staining was always observed, which may be due to unmasking of tissue phosphatides.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670307
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  • 167
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Experimental coxsackie B-3 virus infection in Citellus lateralisThis project was supported from a grant from the Medical Research Council of Canada. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 443-453 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Coxsackie B-3 virus produces a mild infection which passes unnoticed in the non-hibernating Citellus lateralis. A severe infection occurs in the hibernating animal. The progress of infection in the hiberating animal is related to the number of arousal hours and quite independent of the number of infected days. Nevertheless, it has been shown that the low-temperature hibernation phase has a potentiating effect upon subsequent viral production. Infective virus has not been found in the inoculated brown fat pads during the hibernation phase but very high virus titers are recorded 48 hours after arousal. This results in an earlier viraemia and earlier and higher titers in other organs of the body. A similar effect is noted when virus is inoculated at the very beginning of the arousal phase. While most animals recover with subsequent antibody development, a few succumb. Antibody development is slow and related only to the number of arousal hours experienced.Particular note is made of the fact that an animal may successfully resume hibernation despite complete loss of the axillary brown fat pads.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670309
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  • 168
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Isolation and characterization of an isoantigenic variant from a heterozygous mouse lymphoma in cultureThis work was supported by grant C-4681 from the U.S. Public Health Service. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 407-420 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: A cell line from a mouse lymphoma heterozygous at the chromosome region for the H-2d and H-2k alleles was originally obtained from a transplantable lymphoma in the (C3H × DBA/2)F1 hybrid (H-2d/H-2k) and cultured in vitro. The original cultured line, termed parent line, was susceptible to the cytotoxic action of antibodies directed against antigenic components of both the d and k alleles. The parent line also absorbed hemagglutinins from both anti-d anti-k antisera. A resistant, variant subline was selected from the original population by immunoselection in vitro with anti-H-2d antibody and complement in a cytotoxic system. After one year in continuous culture in the absence of selecting antisera, the variant subline was still resistant to the cytotoxic action of anti-H-2d antibody. Serologic analysis of the variant indicated that it had lost the D antigenic component of the d allele, had a reduced amount of the H component, controlled by both the d and k alleles, and had retained the K component of the k allele. Possible genetic mechanisms that might account for the emergence of the variant line are discussed. While the results do not necessarily support an analysis based on mitotic recombination, ascribing other mechanisms is also difficult because of aneuploidy in the cell line. Finally, the experiments point out the advantages of using in vitro immunoselective methods in the genetics of mammalian somatic cells.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670306
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  • 169
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The glyceride fatty acid composition and lipid content of brown and white adipose tissue of the hibernator Citellus lateralisThis project was supported from a grant from the Medical Research Council of Canada. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 431-441 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Glyceride and total phosphatide levels of brown and white fat of Citellus lateralis have been followed throughout the year in biopsy samples.Extraction of the glycerides for fatty acid analysis is described. As much as 20% of the phosphatide of brown fat was found in the upper fat layer of a centrifuged tissue homogenate. This phosphatide appeared to be present as a low-density lipoprotein, and may be associated with the lipid globules of the intact cell.Glyceride and phosphatide levels varied considerably in brown fat, and no particular level was consistently observed to be associated with any part of the hibernation cycle. Fatty acid composition of the glycerides also varied widely. The degree of unsaturation was not related to the hibernation cycle, although there appeared to be a differential utilization of fatty acids during a few weeks prior to spring arousal.A decrease in tissue glyceride levels was observed in both brown and white fat during arousal from hibernation at 2°C, the loss from brown fat being double the loss from white fat.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670308
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  • 170
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Response of cultured chick heart cells to changes in ionic environmentThis work was supported by USPH GM 10232 and USPH Training Grant GM-T866. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 455-461 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Ventricles from 11-day-old chick embryonic heart were disaggregated by elastase and the component cells cultured on glass in maintenance medium containing 10 μc of P32. After 48 hours incubation at 37°C the medium was removed, the cells rinsed and exposed to a phosphate-free test solution for two hours. During this period samples of the test medium were removed for counting and spectrophotometric analysis. Cells incubated in solutions lacking amino acids or vitamins or serum components lost phosphate at essentially the same rate as in the complete culture medium; furthermore such cells lost very small amounts of nucleotide materials. Cells incubated in 0.16 M NaCl lost phosphate and nucleotides rapidly; the addition of either K+ or Ca+2 or Mg+2 reduced phosphate and nucleotide loss and cells in balanced saline media containing all four cations, retained phosphate and nucleotides at essentially the same level as in the complete medium. These results show that primary isolated chick heart cells can be maintained for short periods in physiological saline solutions without injury and that saline balance in short term studies is a primary factor in maintaining these cells in an uninjured state.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670310
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  • 171
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effect of thermal conductance on water economy in the antelope jack rabbit, Lepus alleniThis work was supported by grant HE-02228 from the National Institutes of Health. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 463-471 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The heat and water balance of the antelope jack rabbit, Lepus alleni, was studied at various ambient temperatures. At high ambient temperature the animal primarily depends on evaporation for dissipation of the heat load. The use of water was, however, less than could be expected if only body size is considered.It was shown that, when the ambient temperature is below body temperature, there is a two- to three-fold increase in the conductance of the animal as ambient approaches body temperature. This facilitates dry heat loss and contributes to water economy. At ambient temperatures above body temperature the direction of heat flow is reversed, now being from the environment to the body. In this situation the heat flow inwards is impeded by a decrease in conductance to minimal values, thus achieving a considerable saving in the use of water for evaporation.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670311
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  • 172
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Transport of sugars into human red blood cell ghosts (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 501-506 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: It has been found that human red cell ghosts react differently in the presence of various sugars in the medium. The stability of spheric ghosts is preserved in solutions of sugars entering red cells by means of the common carrier. In media of other sugars the ghosts' shapes change to shrunken, crenated forms and between the microscope slides to discoid ones. Under the conditions employed it was further observed that the incubation of fructose- or rhamnose-containing ghosts in solutions of sugars sharing the carriers led to an equilibration of sugars between the medium and the ghosts. The impermeability of ghosts for sugars not sharing the carriers was supported by the finding that fructose could be washed out to a much less extent than glucose. These results suggest that sugars without affinity to the carriers may move in the erythrocyte membrane through nonspecific sites (pores, channels).
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670314
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  • 173
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The sodium and potassium activated atpase. II. Comparative study of intestinal epithelium and red cells (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 487-500 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The Na-K ATPase found in sedimentable fractions of intestinal epithelium of rats hydrolyzed cytidine triphosphate nearly as well as ATP (25% to 50%); was active only in presence of divalent cations, with specificity for Mg (100%), Mn (50%) and Ca (10%); showed a plateau of activation when Mg concentrations were in excess of substrate; and was inhibited by a second divalent cation (Zn 〉 Mn 〉 Ca), and by 3 × 10-4 M ouabain (50%). Parallel assays of rat red cell ghosts showed differences in substrate specificity (CTP was not utilized), in activation kinetics (activation peak with Mg) and in greater specificity to Mg (Mn was a weaker activator and Zn was a weaker inhibitor). Stabilities also differed in the two preparations: Na—K ATPase of intestinal epithelium was activated by sucrose extraction and denatured during cytolysis at room temperature, while that of red cell fragments was denatured during sucrose extraction and preserved by hemolysis at room temperature. Other properties of Na—K ATPase studied in the two tissues included activation by monovalent cations (optimum at 160 mM Na, 15 mM K), specificity to monovalent cations, and sensitivity to lipid solvents and to some drugs. The data were discussed in terms of comparative properties of Na—K ATPases of various cells.Residual ATPase activities of intestinal epithelium and red cell ghosts were shown to differ in substrate specificity, inhibition and activation. “Residual ATPase” from intestinal epithelium was a zinc-activated nucleoside polyphosphate phosphohydrolase, while ghosts contained Mg—ATPase. Only the latter enzyme was specific to ATP and Mg, activated by Ca in presence of Mg, and sensitive to inhibition by PCMB and Zn.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670313
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  • 174
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Masthead (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670401
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  • 175
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Subunits of immunoglobulins and their relationship to antibody specificityResearch sponsored by the U.S. National Science Foundation and the Medical Research Council, London. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 67 (1966), S. 51-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Subunits of immunoglobulins have been prepared by two methods, both of which have contributed to our knowledge of the structural basis of antibody specificity. The first method is enzymic hydrolysis with either papain or pepsin and leads to the unequivocal conclusion that each combining site is contained in a fragment (Fab) of about 45,000 molecular weight and formed from the light chain and the N-terminal half of the heavy chain, the Fd fragment. The second method of preparing subunits is to reduce the interchain disulfide bonds and to isolate the chains. This should decide whether the combining site is in the Fd fragment, the light chain, or is formed jointly by both. In fact, considerable loss of affinity for the antigen follows, whatever technique is used to dissociate the peptide chains and, although many papers have been published on this subject, no definite answer has yet been obtained. Although the majority opinion probably favors the view that both chains are concerned in the formation of the combining site, our tentative conclusion is that the site is placed entirely in the heavy chain and that the light chain has only a semispecific role in facilitating the reformation of the native configuration of the heavy chain after its disruption under the conditions necessary for dissociation of the two chains.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040670407
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  • 176
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Ion and water shifts produced by ammonium chloride in high K and low K red cells (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 68 (1966), S. 19-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The effect of ammonium chloride on the cellular Na+, K+ and water has been examined in human and horse (high K), cow (medium K) and cat (low K) red cells. It was found that high K red cells, especially those of the horse, gained water an Na+, whereas the net movement of K+ was negligible. There was a correlation between the increase of cellular Na+ concentration and of the packed red cell volume. In contrast, the packed cell volume of low K red cells increased slightly or not at all, and Na+ ions leaked out from the cells. The high K cells had a lower Cl- concentration and higher buffer capacity than the low K cells. The results obtained with the medium K (cow) cells usually lay between those of the other two cell types. In all the cases both the plasma and cell pH decreased resulting from the addition of ammonium chloride. The mechanism of movements of water and Na+ ions in high K cells remained unsolved, but the response of low K cells to ammonium chloride was near that of a cation exchange resin.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040680104
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  • 177
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The effect of fluoride and calcium ions upon the insulin plus lactate-stimulated K uptake and respiratory rate of frog muscles (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 68 (1966), S. 35-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Using paired frog muscles it was shown that fluoride caused no observable change in the rate of oxygen consumption in Ca++-free Ringer's solution, but stimulated the rate in Ca++-containing Ringer's; the obvious explanation for this stimulation is the spontaneous activity of the muscle caused by the rapid lowering of Ca++ ion concentration when fluoride was added. Fluoride had no effect on potassium movement in these experiments. In a Ca++-free solution fluoride (0.03 M) inhibited the insulin + lactate-stimulated oxygen consumption of muscles which had been adapted to the absence of calcium by overnight soaking. In Ca++-containing Ringer's there was no net effect of fluoride, demonstrating the fact that the direct inhibition of oxygen consumption was cancelled by the indirect stimulation caused by the fluoride-lowering of the Ca++ ion concentration. Fluoride depressed the IL-induced K uptake but for this effect some calcium, albeit a very low concentration, was necessary. Fluoride did not alter the muscle glycogen concentrations.The only observable effect of calcium (in the absence of fluoride) was a rise in respiration caused by exposure to a sudden reduction in Ca++ ion concentration. Both the IL-stimulated O2 rate and K uptake were independent of Ca++ ions since they occurred in Ca++-free adapted muscles, in muscles exposed to a rapid reduction of Ca++ ions as well as in muscles in a Ca++-containing Ringer's solution.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040680106
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  • 178
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Purine pyrophosphorylase as a selective genetic marker in a mouse lymphoma, P388, in cell culture (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 68 (1966), S. 61-67 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: It is possible to use the purine pyrophosphorylase in mammalian cell culture systems as a genetic marker in selecting small numbers of enzyme positive cells from large populations of pyrophosphorylase negative cells of the mouse lymphoma line P388 in medium containing amethopterin, hypoxanthine, glycine and thymidine. Conversely, it is readily possible to obtain pyrophosphorylase-deficient cells by treatment with 8-Azaguanine. We were unsuccessful in demonstrating DNA-mediated transformation using DNA from enzyme positive cells incubated with cells which were enzyme negative.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040680108
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  • 179
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Hemoglobin functions in the blood of Bufo marinus (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 68 (1966), S. 69-73 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The effects of three physical-chemical factors, temperature, hydrogen ion concentration, and partial pressure of oxygen, on the respiratory functions of blood of the toad (Bufo marinus) have been studied.Measurements of oxygen affinity of hemoglobin in whole blood were measured tonometrically by a method devised for small quantities of blood. At pH 7.40 and 25°C blood was found to be 50% saturated with oxygen at a partial pressure of 44 mm Hg of oxygen. The Bohr effect was measured at various temperatures and found to be about one-half that found for mammalian blood. Carbon dioxide content of toad blood changes only slightly in the oxygenated and reduced states. Thus the “Haldane” effect parallels the small Bohr effect. Toad blood was found to have average hematocrit values of 37% for erythrocytes and average hemoglobin values of 11 gm/100 ml per cubic millimeter of blood. The respiratory functions of the blood of the toad conform to the pattern of respiratory mechanisms available for gas exchange between the environment and tissues of the organism.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040680109
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  • 180
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effect of halothane anesthesia on extravascular mobilization of neutrophils (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 68 (1966), S. 81-83 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The ability of neutrophil leukocytes to extravasate into the peritoneal cavity in response to an intraperitoneal injection of bacterial endotoxin was studied in mice. The normal response of a marked accumulation of intraperitoneal neutrophils was completely abolished by halothane anesthesia. It was further shown that such abolition depended upon the presence of halothane duringthe time the extravasation would normally be occurring. The evidence points toward an effect on either the leukocyte or the vessel rather than a non-specific “stress” effect. It is suggested that the effect is on the neutrophil, rendering it less deformable and, hence, less able to undergo trans-vascular diapedesis.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040680111
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  • 181
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The conversion of ATP to IMP by muscle surface enzymes (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 68 (1966), S. 241-247 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: These experiments showed that an isolated muscle bundle could be used to study, simultaneously, ion transport and the activity of surface enzymes. Frog muscles were carefully dissected and incubated for four hours in Ringer's solution containing a tris buffer and 3 mM ATP; at various times samples of the medium were chromatographed and analysed spectrophotometrically for nucleotide content. Samples of the final medium were analysed for inorganic phoshpate and for ammonia. The results demonstrated the conversion of adenosine triphosphate to inosine monophosphate, via adenosine diphosphate and adenosine monophosphate. Under the conditions of the experiment IMP was detected on chromatograms within 20 minutes of incubation; at the end of four hours the media had concentrations of 2.3 mM IMP, 4.4 mM inorganic phosphate and 2.6 mM ammonia, showing a stoichiometric relation among the products formed. There was convincing evidence that the enzymes involved (ATPase, adenylate kinase and AMP deaminase) must be situated close to or on the muscle surface. No effect of ouabain (1 μM) on the activity of the ATPase, adenylate kinase or deaminase could be found in these experiments, but the drug inhibited Na and K recovery from a Na-loaded, K-depleted state.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040680305
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  • 182
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effects of inhibitor, competitors and temperature on transport of carbohydrate in Crithidia luciliaeSupported by U.S.P.H.S. grant GM 12235. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 68 (1966), S. 237-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Effects of KCN (10-4 M), simultaneous presence of varying concentrations of D-glucose and L-sorbose, and temperature on transport of carbohydrate in C. luciliae have been studied. The rate of carbohydrate entrance is inhibited, in all sugars used, ranging from 19% to 70% inhibition at 0.5 mM external concentrations. However, this inhibitor does not affect transport from external concentrations of the order of 0.02 M. At 20 mM external concentration, the rate of L-sorbose entrance is greatly inhibited by the simultaneous presence of D-glucose, and the transport mechanism shows enormously greater affinity for glucose than for other monosaccharides. However, at 0.5 mM external concentration, the rate of sorbose entrance is not inhibited at all by the simultaneous presence of D-glucose. In the temperature interval 15°-25°C, the Q10 for rate of entrance when the external concentration is 0.5 mM is 2.8 times larger than the Q10 when the external concentration is 20 mM. These data are interpreted as strongly suggesting two mechanisms for carbohydrate entrance: (a) facilitated diffusion, of importance only at high external concentrations; (b) an active transport mechanism, active at low external concentrations and dependent upon a supply of metabolic energy. These results are compared with those reported in the literature for other types of cells.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040680304
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  • 183
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The effect of erythropoietin on the growth and development of spleen colony-forming cellsSupported in part by the U. S. Atomic Energy Commission and in part by Cancer Research Funds of the University of California. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 68 (1966), S. 249-262 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: The progressive growth and development of spleen colonies was studied in heavily irradiated host mice in which erythropoiesis was modified by various procedures. Erythropoietic activity in non-polycythemic hosts bearing spleen colonies was not increased by injections of exogenous erythropoietin. Detectable levels of erythropoietin were found in the heavily irradiated host mice suggesting that the failure of exogenous erythropoietin to modify erythropoiesis was because the host mice were already maximally stimulated by the high endogenous erythropoietin levels.Spleen colonies do not become erythroid in polycythemic mice. The injection of exogenous erythropoietin into heavily irradiated polycythemic hosts did not decrease the total number of spleen colonies produced by a given bone marrow transplant, as would be expected if erythropoietin acted directly on the colony-forming cells. Comparison of growth curves for colony-forming cells in the spleens of polycythemic hosts either receiving or not receiving erythropoietin indicated that the overall doubling time of colony-forming cells during the first ten days after transplantation was not changed by the daily injection of erythropoietin.These experiments are consistent with the concept that erythropoietin is necessary for the development of erythroid colonies. Erythropoietin acts upon some progeny of the colony-forming cell rather than the colony-forming cell itself.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040680306
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  • 184
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Membranes of animal cells. I. Methods of isolation of the surface membraneThis work was supported by U.S.P.H. Grant no. 1-RO1 HD 0052-01 and the American Cancer Society Grant T-333. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 68 (1966), S. 269-287 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Procedures have been devised for the isolation of the surface membranes of mouse fibroblasts (L cell) and a variety of other cells. The surface membranes are stabilized by various reagents in a hypotonic solution and are then removed intact or as large fragments with a Dounce homogenizer. The membranes are purified by differential centrifugation on solutions of sucrose or glycerol or on a column of fine glass beads. A trilaminar pattern can be seen in thin sections of the membrane in the electron microscope. Sufficient material can be conveniently obtained for chemical analyses.
    Zusätzliches Material: 14 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040680308
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  • 185
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The response of the early chick embryo heart to anoxiaSupported by grants from the National Science Foundation, G-15853 and GB-1064. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 68 (1966), S. 263-268 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Isolated 3- and 5-day chick embryo hearts contain sufficient endogenous substrates to maintain their pulsatile activity for several hours under aerobic conditions, and even after five hours in substrate-free medium the rates are 40 to 50% of the original rates. Carbohydrate appears to be an important component of the endogenous substrates since 1 mM 2-deoxyglucose causes rapid failure of rate, and glycolysis appears to be a major energy pathway since the rate is depressed only about 50% by 2-hour's exposure to 10 mM fluoroacetate. In nitrogen the hearts rapidly become asystolic in the absence of added substrate. Recovery of the rate occurs if oxygen is reintroduced within one hour, but longer periods of anoxia result in progressively less recovery, especially with the 3-day hearts which appear to be particularly susceptible to irreversible damage. With 5.55 mM glucose as substrate there is little decrease in the original aerobic heart rate during five hours, and the hearts can tolerate total anoxia for five hours with rates only slightly less than the aerobic rates. The hypothesis of a preferential pentose phosphate pathway of glucose catabolism in the very young chick embryo heart is discussed, but no direct evidence in support of its existence is revealed in this study.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040680307
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  • 186
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    Digitale Medien
    The apparent second and third dissociation constants, pK′2 and pK′3, of phosphoric acid in sea water (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 68 (1966), S. 306-308 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040680310
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  • 187
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Tritiated-histidine incorporation into Drosophila salivary chromosomesSupported in part by U.S. Public Health Service grant GM 10503-02 and an institutional grant of the American Cancer Society of Marquette University. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 68 (1966), S. 325-333 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: An autoradiographic study of H3-histidine incorporation into nonhistone protein of explanted larval salivary gland chromosomes of D. virilis showed patterns of incorporation that were dependent upon the stage of larval development. The sequence of changes in the development of several puffs in a specific chromosomal region was followed using the appearance of pigment in the anterior spiracles as a means of larval staging. H3-histidine incorporation into these puffs in prepupae occurred as the puffs were regressing in size and protein staining. Acid extraction of histone and nucleic acid failed to alter the character of the autographs; presumably a non-histone protein is involved in the H3-histidine incorporation. Other puff sites in the same prepupal chromosomes showed various patterns of isotopic amino acid incorporation indicating that the pattern reported for a specific region may not be true for all puff sites.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040680312
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  • 188
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Amino acid requirements for attachment and outgrowth of the mouse blastocyst in vitroSupported by Research Career Program Award 6 K3 HD-21,269-01A1 from the Institute of Child Health and Human Development, U. S. Public Health Service, and by grants GB617 and GB4053 from the National Science Foundation. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 68 (1966), S. 335-343 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Arginine, cystine, histidine, leucine and threonine were needed for outgrowth of the mouse blastocyst in vitro. Omission of lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, tryptophane and tyrosine from the culture medium markedly reduced blastocyst outgrowth, but did not inhibit it completely; while omission of isolecine and valine reduced the extent of outgrowth only slightly. Blastocysts kept for seven days in a free-floating condition by omitting arginine and leucine from the medium, grew out when these amino acids were added. Such behavior may be analogous to delayed implantation in utero and suggests that the free amino acid content of the uterus could be an important factor in the control of implantation. Blastocysts delayed from implanting in the uterus by ovariectomy were activated to outgrowth in a complete medium, but the intracellular changes associated with outgrowth occurred more slowly than in undelayed blastocysts.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040680313
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  • 189
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The presence of ribonucleic acid within the peripheral zones of two types of mammalian cell (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 68 (1966), S. 345-359 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: An attempt has been made to locate RNA as a structural component of the peripheries of cultured cells derived from a human osteogenic sarcoma, and L1210 mouse leukaemia cells. In the case of cells derived from the osteogenic sarcoma, their detachment from glass was facilitated by incubation with ribonuclease; on removal from glass, they left cellular “footprints” behind, which were visulized in radioautographs of cells previously labeled with tritiated uridine, and removable with ribonuclease. The electrophoretic data show loss of charge by both types of cell following incubation with ribonuclease.These results are interpreted to indicate that RNA is a structural component of the peripheries of these cells. No attempt is made to speculate on the obvious biological improtance of these observations if they are applicable to cells in general.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040680314
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  • 190
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A catenary analysis of the maxillary dental arch during human embryogenesisThis investigation was supported by research grant HD 00178 from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, grant 7 from the Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studies, The University of Michigan, and by a dental student research fellowship from the National Institute of Dental Research (USPHS 1 SD1-FR 05321). (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 154 (1966), S. 13-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Human embryos aged six and one-half through 1 weeks were studied to determine the morphological changes in shape of the maxillary dental arch during this early developmental period. Age was determined by crown-rump lengths using the table of Patten ('53).When compared to a reference catenary curve, the embryonic dental arch exhibited several time-linked and directional changes in shape. First, 6.5 to 8 week embryos characteristically had upper dental arches which were wide and anteroposteriorly flattened and did not conform to the catenary curve. At 7.5 to 9 weeks, the C-shaped dental arch showed more elongation and increasing depth. It was not until weeks 9.5 to 12 that the embryonic dental arch grew enough to conform to the catenary curve.It is suggested that the catenary curvature of the postnatal upper dental arch can be first recognized as early as 9.5 weeks of development.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091540103
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  • 191
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Differences in internal structure and nerve terminals of the slow and twitch muscle fibers in the cat superior oblique (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 154 (1966), S. 243-251 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Measurements of nerve fiber size in the trochlear nerve indicate that many small nerve fibers are present which could serve as the small nerve motor supply for innervation of the slow muscle fibers in the superior oblique of the cat. Twitch and slow muscle fibers in the superior oblique muscle of the cat have been examined in the electron microscope. In twitch fibers, triads consisting of the transverse tubule and dilated sacs of the sarcoplasmic reticulum occur at the level of junction of A and I bands. In the slow fibers, the sarcoplasmic reticulum is reduced in amount and the transverse tubular system is completely absent. The junctional folds of the postsynaptic membrane of the muscle fiber under the nerve terminal of a twitch fiber are present, although not extensive; in slow fibers, these postjunctional sarcolemmal folds are essentially absent. Some physiological implications of these differences in fine structure of twitch and slow fibers and their respective nerve terminals are discussed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091540207
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  • 192
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Studies of the rings of henle associated with collagenous bundles in human and calf skinSupported by United States Public Health Service grant AM 02469. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 154 (1966), S. 513-525 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: The nature of Henle's rings, which are the highly refractile constricting fibers seen around chemically swollen collagen, has long been in dispute. Several theories can be found in the literature to account for this phenomenon. Henle's rings were abundant in oxhide and calfskin, but were rarely seen in human skin. They did not stain with any of the common elastic tissue stains. Reactions of Henle's rings, collagen fibers, and elastic fibers in purified hexosamine-free collagen of oxhide, fresh calfskin, fresh human abdominal skin, and ligamentum nuchae were compared using microscopic heat reactions both before and after chemical enzymatic treatment. Solutions used were 50% glycerin, glacial formic acid, 1 N NaOH, 0.1 N acetic acid, 3 N acetic acid, elastase, collagenase, pepsin, and hyaluronidase. The conclusions reached were that Henle's rings are not elastin, mucoid, or protoplasmic in nature but closely resemble a nonswelling collagen, probably reticulin. Henle's rings are very rare in human skin, but after digestion with elastase or treatment with NaOH, long, curving, poorly swelling fibers are seen which react like collagen in other respects. Henle's rings in oxhide varied in diameter from 24 μ up to several hundred microns. They seemed to be made up of fine fibrillae as seen with the phase-contrast microscope. The fluorescent colors of Henle's rings with various filters differed from the fluorescent colors of elastic fibers. Attempts to stain them with silver were not successful.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091540302
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  • 193
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The anterior choroidal artery: An anatomical study of its area of distributionSupported by grants from the Kresge Foundation and NIH no. NB-04336. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 154 (1966), S. 95-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: The morphology and the structures supplied by the extraventricular segment of the anterior choroidal artery was studied in 22 human brains. The pertinent arterial sections were injected with a gelatin-india ink mixture and the brains serially sectioned and cleared after formalin fixation. The area of distribution of the anterior choroidal artery varied widely.There is good supply to the globus pallidus, the posterior and retrolenticular portions of the internal capsule, the cerebral peduncle, the optic tract and the lateral geniculate body. A lesser supply is furnished to the genu of the internal capsule, thalamus, hypothalamus, subthalamus, and amygdala.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091540109
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  • 194
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An electromyographic analysis of certain movements and exercises. I. some deep muscles of the backA film presentation of this material was made at the 78th Annual Session of the American Association of Anatomists in Miami, Florida, March, 1965 and at the 8th International Congress of Anatomists in Wiesbaden, Germany, August, 1965.Supported by Public Health Service grant AM 08310-02, from the National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 155 (1966), S. 223-234 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Pairs of fine wire electrodes were inserted by means of hypodermic needles 1 cm apart into the semispinalis capitis, semispinalis cervicis, spinalis, longissimus, iliocostalis lumborum, main mass of the erector spinae between the ilium and the twelfth rib, the multifidus and glutenus maximus of 20 young men and women.Each pair of electrodes was connected to an EMG integrator coupler in an 8-channel recorder. Because the integrated electromyogram is displayed as a deviation from the baseline proportional to the strength of the muscle contraction, it was possible to appraise the relative contributions made by different muscles to any given movement or exercise. By this method simultaneous recordings were made from the muscles while the subjects flexed, extended, hyperextended, abducted and adducted the trunk from the orthograde position; walked on a treadmill, lifted weights; and performed certain exercises recommended by the President's Council on Adult Physical Fitness. Many exercises were compared, and the best ones were selected on the basis of the strength of the contractions they produced. The best exercises for strengthening the deep muscles of the back were those that involved hyperextension of the back from the prone position.Contrary to current opinion, the erector spinae is not active during abduction or adduction of the trunk from the orthograde position if the body is maintained in the frontal plane.The integrated electromyogram is an excellent tool for the evaluation of exercises.
    Zusätzliches Material: 10 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091550209
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  • 195
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Internal hernia of embryological origin (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 155 (1966), S. 279-285 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: An anatomical specimen is described in which a considerable part of the small bowel had, apparently, in its return to the abdomen during fetal development invaginated the descending mesocolon and that of the left half of the transverse colon, thus producing a large internal hernia. The ascending branch of the left colic artery and the inferior mesenteric vein were in the neck of the sac, anterior to the loops of bowel entering and emerging from the sac. These relationships were obscured by the fact that there was a broad adhesive band extending from the mesentery of the free loops of small intestine to the descending colon, thus bridging over the vessels. The relationships referred to and as shown in the drawings, which include a cross-sectional view, would indicate that the mechanism of production of the hernia was as suggested and that there were in fact four layers of peritoneum in the anterior wall of the sac.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091550302
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  • 196
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The anatomy of the cervicothoracic arterial system in the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) with a surgical approach suitable for guided angiographyThis research was supported by grant NB 03097, National Institute of Neurological Disease and Blindness, National Institutes of Health, and N.S.F. grant GB 4407 to Communication Research Institute. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 155 (1966), S. 325-337 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Anatomical dissections on the cervicothoracic arterial system of the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) have been carried out as a necessary stage preceding certain physiological investigations in this animal. It is essential to have access to large blood vessels in these investigations, and the lack of superficial blood vessels suitable for catheterization in this species has required that a surgical approach to deeper vessels be developed. We have described a surgical technique for exposure of the A. carotis externa and V. jugularis externa and have used this method to introduce angio-catheters into both of these vessels. By these means we have been able to carry out hemodynamic, blood chemistry, and angiographic studies with successful recovery of the animals. These investigations, anatomical dissections on normal animals, and studies of vinylite vascular casts have delineated many specialized features of the cervicothoracic vascular systems in the dolphin.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091550306
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  • 197
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    Digitale Medien
    American Association of Anatomists. Proceedings of the American Association of Anatomists seventy-ninth meeting. University of California school of medicine, April 6, 7, 8, 1966, with list of officers and members (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 155 (1966), S. 401-491 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091550311
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  • 198
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Electron microscopic observations of pericytes of small blood vessels in the lungs and hearts of normal cattle and swineSupported by grant 07188-04 from the National Institutes of Health. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 155 (1966), S. 513-529 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: In an electron microscopic study of lungs and hearts from cattle and swine, filament-containing cells were observed to extend through the basement membrane and form contacts with endothelial cells of capillaries, arterioles, and venules. It is suggested that these may be cells of Rouget and that they may be of considerable functional significance.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091550404
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  • 199
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The effects of ultracentrifugation on the mammalian erythrocyteThis investigation was supported by research grants GM-5479, GM-4706, GM-09229, HD-00699 from the National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service, and grant G-9879 from the National Science Foundation. Dr. Kessel is the recipient of a Career Development Award GM-11,524, from the National Institute of General Medical Science. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 155 (1966), S. 541-549 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Pieces of rat spleen were subjected in an air turbine ultracentrifuge to a force of approximately 400,000 times gravity for periods varying from one-half to one hour. They were immediately fixed for study with both the light and electron microscopes. Stained preparations show a displacement and stratification of materials within the erythrocytes. The stratified layers are probably components of the stroma which differ in their relative specific gravities and staining reactions. The chemical nature of the different layers has not been determined, but their relative volumes are indicated by the dimensions of the layers.Electron micrographs show some effects of the ultracentrifugation such as stretching and the concentration of more dense material in the centrifugal halves of the cells, but a clear cut demonstration of the three stratified layers observed in Mallory's triple stained preparations is not evident. Except for the plasma membrane and a finely granular interior of the erythrocyte, little other structure is revealed within it, especially concerning the nature and distribution of the stroma.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091550407
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  • 200
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Light and electron microscopy of intestinal ferritin absorption. Observations in sensitized and nonsensitized hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus)Supported by N.S.F. grant GB-4159 and U.S.P.H.S. grant FR-05423. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 155 (1966), S. 603-621 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: The intestinal absorptive cells of adult hamsters which have been pretreated with intraperitoneal injections of horse ferritin or subcutaneous injections of ferritin-adjuvant mixture show a marked absorption of this protein when it is introduced into ligated segments of the intestinal lumen for periods up to three hours.Ferritin is concentrated in the enteric surface coating, intracytoplasmic vesicles in the supranuclear area, and the Golgi apparatus. Large aggregates are localized in macrophages, fibrocytes, and endothelial cells of the lamina propria. Individual molecules are also present in these cells, plasma cells, intercellular spaces and capillary lumens.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091550412
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