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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (23)
  • 2010-2014
  • 2000-2004  (5)
  • 1995-1999  (12)
  • 1980-1984  (2)
  • 1975-1979  (4)
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  • ZIB Catalog  (1)
  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (23)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: In most cell types the major pathway of sphingomyelin synthesis is the direct transfer of the phosphocholine head group from phosphatidylcholine to ceramide catalyzed by the enzyme l-acylsphingosine:phosphatidylcholine phosphocholinetransferase (SM synthase; EC 2.7.8.-). Although this pathway has been demonstrated in brain tissue, its quantitative importance has been questioned. An alternative biosynthetic pathway for sphingomyelin synthesis in brain tissue has been proposed, viz., the direct transfer of phosphoethanolamine from phosphatidylethanolamine to ceramide, followed by methylation of the ethanolamine moiety to a choline group. We have evaluated various possible biosynthetic pathways of sphingomyelin synthesis in rat spinal cord oligodendrocytes, the myelin-forming cells of the CNS, by labeling cells in culture with radiolabeled choline, ethanolamine, or serine. Our results indicate that, in oligodendrocytes, most of the phosphocholine for the biosynthesis of sphingomyelin is provided by phosphatidylcholine, which is predominantly derived from de novo synthesis. No evidence was found for the operation of the alternative pathway via ceramide-phosphoethanolamine. Furthermore, our results indicate that a small pool of phosphatidylcholine is provided by methylation of phosphatidylethanolamine, which in turn is formed preferentially by decarboxylation of phosphatidylserine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 58 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Heat-shock proteins (Hsps) are highly conserved throughout evolution and evoke great interest both in basic biology and in medicine. They are expressed in small quantities under normal conditions, and their expression can be strongly induced by several stressors. Although their action is basically intracellular, it is now obvious that these proteins can be released into the extracellular environment from viable cells. In this study, the human Hsp 70 serum concentrations were determined using an optimized, cost-effective enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The average intra-assay variation was 6%, whereas the average interassay variation was 9%. The sensitivity of the assay was 10 ng/ml, and spiking experiments showed recoveries between 101 and 109%. As an application of the technique, we have investigated the serum levels of human Hsp 70 in patients with infection and in healthy subjects. Our data show significantly higher levels of Hsp 70 (P  = 0.003) in patients compared to control subjects. Positive correlations were noticed between the serum levels of Hsp 70 and various markers of inflammation (IL-6; r = 0.579, P = 0.009, TNF-α; r  = 0.552, P  = 0.012, IL-10; r  = 0.361, P = 0.002). We conclude that Hsp 70 is involved in inflammation of infectious origin. The interindividual variation in the serum concentration of Hsp 70 precludes the use of serum Hsp 70 levels to distinguish patients from healthy subjects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Grass and forage science 58 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The objective of the study was to evaluate the grazing behaviour by sheep in hill country paddocks in New Zealand which had received two long-term fertilization and stocking rate treatments [high fertility–high stocking rate (HH); low fertility–low stocking rate (LL)]. Herbage accumulation and selective grazing were evaluated within low slope (LS), medium slope (MS) and high slope (HS) categories. Transects lines were placed and tillers of Agrostis capillaris and Lolium perenne in the LS category; A. capillaris, Anthoxanthum odoratum and L. perenne in the MS category; and A. capillaris and A. odoratum in the HS category were marked. The leaf length of each marked tiller was measured and used to determine selective grazing over 3 weeks during each season. The highest herbage accumulation rates were during spring and the lowest in summer and winter. The LS category showed the highest herbage accumulation rates and HS the lowest. Except for autumn, the marked tillers were more frequently grazed in the HH than in the LL paddock. During summer, autumn and spring, grazing frequency in the slope categories was in the order LS 〉 MS 〉 HS. During winter sheep did not discriminate between slope category. During summer, autumn and spring, sheep did not selectively graze the species studied but this was not the case during winter. Overall, sheep selectively grazed L. perenne. In all the seasons L. perenne consistently had the longest leaves but within species there was no consistent relationship between leaf length and probability of being grazed. Selective grazing changed through the year according to herbage accumulation rate. Sheep concentrated grazing in the category LS when herbage accumulation rate was high, but they did not discriminate between slope categories in winter when herbage accumulation rate was low.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 39 (1983), S. 724-731 
    ISSN: 1600-5740
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 33 (1977), S. 1710-1716 
    ISSN: 1600-5740
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @journal of ecclesiastical history 47 (1996), S. 714-714 
    ISSN: 0022-0469
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: History , Theology and Religious Studies
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 128 (1997), S. 585-592 
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Fluorescence ; Hydrodynamic ; Micelle ; Surfactant ; Viscosity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Verbindung N,N-Dimethyl-N-2-(4-(t-butylphenoxy)ethoxy)ethyl-N-hexadecylammoniumchlorid (BDHC), eine oberflächenaktive Substanz mit zwei unterschiedlichen Seitenketten, wurde mittels einer Kombination von fluorimetrischen und viskosimetrischen Methoden charakterisiert. Anregung bei 274 nm ruft eine Fluoreszenz bei 315 nm hervor; diese Eigenschaft wurde zur Bestimmung der kritischen Micellenkonzentration (CMC) herangezogen. Es wurde ein geringfügig temperaturabhängiger Wert von 3.98×10−5 M gefunden (T min=25.35°C). Quenchexperimente mit 4-Nitroanilin ergaben eine Aggregationszahl von 42.0, viskosimetrische Untersuchungen einen hydrodynamischen Radius von 21.91 Å. Die erhaltenen Daten erlauben zusammen mit den Beziehungen nachTanford undEinstein-Stokes die Bestimmung der Micellenstruktur (sphärisch) und des Diffusionskoeffizienten (0.97×10−6 cm2/s). Das ΔG der Micellenbildung fürBDHC beträgt −34.9 kJ/mol.
    Notes: Summary A combination of fluorimetric and viscosimetric methods was used to characterize N,N-dimethyl-N-2-(4-(t-butylphenoxy)ethoxy)ethyl-N-hexadecylammonium chloride (BDHC), a doubletailed surfactant with dissimilar tail groups.BDHC was observed to fluoresce at 315 nm when excited at 274 nm, a feature which could be utilized to determine its critical micelle concentration (CMC). A value of 3.98×10−5 M was obtained and was observed to be slightly temperature dependent with aT min of 25.35°C. Fluorescence quenching experiments using 4-nitroaniline as a quencher were performed in order to determine the aggregation number which was found to be 42.0. The hydrodynamic radius of 21.91 Å was obtained using data from viscosimetric experiments. These data, together with theTanford andEinstein-Stokes relationships, were used to determine the micellar structure (spherical) and the diffusion coefficient (D=0.97×10−6 cm2/s), respectively. The ΔG of micellization forBDHC was determined to be −34.9 kJ/mol.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Lebensqualität ; Metaanalyse ; Depressive ; Schizophrene ; Facettenanalyse ; Modulares System ; Key words Quality of life ; Metaanalysis ; Depression ; Schizophrenia ; Facet analysis ; Modular system
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The construct Quality of Life (QoL) is investigated by metaanalysis of eight (inter)nationally validated questionnaires in a multicenter study. Data have been collected in a mentally healthy (n=479), a depressed (n=171) and a schizophrenic (n=139) sample. Conventional psychometric criteria and a facet analytical methodology have been applied. The resulting questionnaire „Modular System for Quality of Life” (MSQoL) consists of a core module with 47 items (one „G-factor” and six subdimensions), which is sufficiently valid for all three samples. Additionally, there are four specific modules (demography, family, partnership, profession). No specific modules can be identified for the psychopathological subgroups. The validated radex structure for subjective QoL offers the opportunity for a cumulative research design and for adaptations to the actual setting.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In einer von der Arbeitsgruppe „Lebensqualität (LQ)” der „Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Methodik und Dokumentation in der Psychiatrie” (AMDP) unterstützten multizentrischen Studie wird das Konstrukt Lebensqualität (LQ) anhand von acht (inter)national validierten Erhebungsinstrumenten sowie einer gesunden (n=479), einer depressiven (n=171) und einer schizophrenen (n=139) Stichprobe metaanalytisch untersucht. Neben herkömmlichen psychometrischen Kriterien liegt der methodische Schwerpunkt dabei auf einem facettenanalytischen Vorgehen. Der resultierende Fragebogen „Modulares System zur Lebensqualität” (MSLQ) besteht aus einem für alle 3 Stichproben hinreichend validen Kernmodul mit 47 Items (ein „G-Faktor” und 6 Subdimensionen) sowie 4 spezifischen Modulen (Demographie, Familie, Partnerschaft, Beruf). Für die psychopathologischen Subgruppen lassen sich keine spezifischen Module etablieren. Die validierte Struktur der subjektiv eingeschätzten Lebensqualität (in Form einer facettenanalytischen Radexkonstellation) bietet die Möglichkeit zu einer kumulativ angelegten Forschung und einer untersuchungsspezifischen Anpassung des MSLQ.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Schizophrenie ; Typische Antipsychotika ; Atypische Antipsychotika ; Umstellung ; Keywords Schizophrenia ; Conventional antipsychotics ; Atypical antipsychotics ; Conversion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract The introduction of atypical antipsychotics has presented new options for the pharmacological treatment of schizophrenic patients. It is assumed that in the near future, neuroleptic medication will shift from conventional to atypical antipsychotics for an increasing number of patients. The present article addresses guidelines for the conversion from conventional to atypical neuroleptics in inpatient and outpatient settings.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Mit der Einführung der atypischen Antipsychotika haben sich neue Möglichkeiten in der pharmakotherapeutischen Behandlung schizophrener Patienten ergeben. Es ist anzunehmen, dass in den folgenden Jahren viele weitere Patienten von typischen auf atypische Präparate umgestellt werden. Der vorliegende Artikel befasst sich mit stationären und ambulanten Richtlinien zur Umstellung von typischen Neuroleptika auf atypische Antipsychotika. Diskutiert werden Möglichkeiten der Identifizierung geeigneter Kandidaten, Empfehlungen bei der Auswahl des atypischen Antipsychotikums und praktische Vorgehensweisen bei der Umstellung. Ergänzend werden Dosierungsrichtlinien der einzelnen atypischen Antipsychotika, mögliche Entzugssyndrome und andere Komplikationen des Präparatewechsels sowie substanzspezifische Aspekte der Umstellung dargestellt. Ein letztes Kapitel befasst sich mit den notwendigen psychotherapeutischen Interventionen, die im Rahmen einer Umstellung der antipsychotischen Medikation beachtet werden sollten.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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