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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 27 (1997), S. 1362-1368 
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Keywords: manganese oxide electrode ; oxygen evolution ; seawater electrolysis ; surface activation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Utilizing the fact that the equilibrium potential of oxygen evolution is lower than that of chlorine evolution, oxygen evolution in seawater electrolysis was enhanced by decreasing the polarization potential under galvanostatic conditions through increasing the effective surface area of manganese oxide electrodes. Electrodes were prepared by a thermal decomposition method. IrO2-coated titanium (IrO2/Ti electrode) was used as the substrate on which manganese oxide was coated (MnOX/IrO2/Ti electrode). Subsequently, oxide mixtures of manganese and zinc were coated (MnOX–ZnO/MnOX/IrO2/Ti electrode). The effective surface area of the MnOX–ZnO/MnOX/IrO2/Ti electrodes was increased by selective dissolution of zinc (leaching) into hot 6M KOH. The oxygen evolution efficiency of the MnOX/IrO2/Ti electrode was 68–70%. Leaching of zinc from the MnOX–ZnO/MnOX/IrO2/Ti electrodes with 25mol% or less zinc led to a significant increase in the oxygen evolution efficiency. The maximum efficiency attained was 86% after leaching of zinc from the MnOX–25mol%ZnO/MnOX/IrO2/Ti electrode. However, large amounts of zinc addition, such as 40mol% or more are detrimental because of a decrease in the oxygen evolution efficiency. This is due to the formation of a double oxide, ZnMnO3, which is hardly dissolved in hot 6M KOH.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Keywords: anodic deposition ; manganese-molybdenum oxide electrode ; oxygen evolution ; seawater electrolysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Manganese-molybdenum oxide electrodes were prepared by anodic deposition on an IrO2-coated titanium substrate at a constant current density of 600Am−2 from baths containing 0.2M MnSO4 and 0–0.1M Na2MoO4 at 90∘C and pH 0.5. These electrodes were characterised for oxygen evolution in the electrolysis at 1,000Am−2 in 0.5M NaCl solution at 30∘C and pH 8 or 12. The most active and stable oxygen evolving anode exhibited 100% efficiency for oxygen evolution, and an efficiency of 98.5% for over 1,500 h at pH 12 and of 96.5% for over 2,800 h at pH 8 of continuous electrolysis. X-ray diffraction measurement and XPS analysis indicated that the deposits consist of a nanocrystalline single γ-MnO2 type phase, and manganese and molybdenum in the deposits are in the Mn4+ and Mo6+ states. The electrochemical studies showed that the manganese-molybdenum oxide electrodes drastically reduced the electrocatalytic activity for chlorine evolution to the undetectable level, resulting in 100% efficiency for oxygen evolution, although the addition of molybdenum slightly increased the oxygen overpotential.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 40 (1984), S. 1395-1396 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Astropecten latespinosus ; starfish ; tetrodotoxin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A toxin causing paralysis was detected in the starfishAstropecten latespinosus. The toxin was purified by a method consisting of charcoal treatment and chromatography on CM-Sephadex C-25 and Bio-Rex 70. The toxin was identified as tetrodotoxin by its behavior in thin-layer chromatography and electrophoresis and its1H-NMR spectrum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 40 (1984), S. 971-972 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Rat brain ; Enolase ; acrylamide ; acrylamide derivatives ; neurotoxicity ; structure-activity relationship
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Acrylamide and its related compounds inhibited brain enolases in vitro independently of their neurotoxicity. The inhibitory potency was a function of the binding constants of the compounds for phenylalanine. The binding constant for tryptophan was higher in neurotoxic compounds than in non-neurotoxic ones.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 327 (1984), S. 156-158 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Canine coronary artery ; Superfusion media ; Nifedipine ; Ca2+-channels
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Responses of ring segments of the isolated canine coronary artery superfused with arterial blood from a donor dog were compared with responses of segments superfused with Krebs-Henseleit (K-H) solution. KCl (1–30 mg) caused contraction in a dose-dependent manner both in K-H solution- and in blood-superfused preparation. However, CaCl2 (1–100 mg) and nifedipine (0.1–30 μg) contracted and relaxed, respectively, only blood-superfused preparation but not K-H solution-superfused one. These results show that even in the same region of the coronary artery, different superfusates result in different responses to contracting or relaxing agents. This difference may be explained by the idea that Ca2+-channels are activated and endow basal tension in blood-superfused preparations, but not in K-H solution-superfused ones.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    ISSN: 1573-7446
    Keywords: cat ; dog ; free fatty acids ; fructose ; glucose ; plasma ; triglycerides
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The plasma concentrations of fructose, glucose, free fatty acids (FFA) and triglycerides (TG) were measured in dogs and cats. Changes in these concentrations were investigated in dogs by an intravenous fructose tolerance test (IVFTT) at a dose of 0.1 g/kg body weight. Fructose concentrations in the plasma of dogs were significantly higher than those of cats. There was no significant difference in plasma glucose concentrations between dogs and cats. Plasma FFA concentrations decreased and TG concentrations increased after feeding in both dogs and cats. During the IVFTT, the plasma fructose concentrations in the dogs increased rapidly to a peak by 2 min and then decreased to half of the peak by 5 min after the administration of fructose. Administration of fructose resulted in an increase in the plasma TG concentrations and reduced plasma FFA concentrations in the dogs. Only 4% of the administered fructose was detected in the urine of dogs following IVFTT. Plasma fructose was considered to be rapidly absorbed and metabolized in both dogs and cats. However, as with glucose metabolism, there appear to be some differences in fructose metabolism between dogs and cats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    ISSN: 1434-9949
    Keywords: Disease Activity Index ; Anti-Myeloperoxidase Antibody ; Anti-Lactoferrin Antibody ; Lupus Nephritis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To investigate the incidence, the specificity and clinical significance of positivity for serum anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) in 31 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) technique and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to measure ANCA. Purified myeloperoxidase (MPO), lactoferrin (LF), cathepsin-G (CTG) and elastase (HLE) served as ANCA antigens for ELISA. Thirteen (42%) of the 31 SLE patients showed positivity for perinuclear, but not cytoplasmic, ANCA by IIF. Five of 31 sera were positive for MPO, 10 for LF, 1 for CTG and 0 for HLE by ELISA. Patients positive for ANCA had a higher score of SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) than those without ANCA. There was no correlation between ANCA positivity, clinical manifestations, or organic involvement. While the ANCA in patients with SLE reflected disease activity, it was unrelated to organic involvement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Clinical rheumatology 18 (1999), S. 268-271 
    ISSN: 1434-9949
    Keywords: Key words:Antilactoferrin antibody – Antimyeloperoxidase antibody – Autoantibody – Polyclonal B-cell activation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: The incidence, specificity and clinical significance of positivity for serum antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) was investigated in 60 patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome (SjS). The indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) technique and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to measure ANCA. Purified myeloperoxidase (MPO), lactoferrin (LF), cathepsin-G (CTG) and elastase (HLE) served as ANCA antigens for the ELISA. Ten (16.7%) of the 60 SjS patients showed positivity by IIF for perinuclear, but not cytoplasmic, ANCA. Four of the 60 sera were shown to be positive for LF, four for MPO, 0 for CTG and 0 for HLE by ELISA. There was no correlation between ANCA positivity and clinical features. ANCA in patients with SjS might be an epiphenomenon of polyclonal B-cell activation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 254 (1997), S. 145-149 
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Keywords: Eighth nerve compound action potential ; Aging effects ; Guinea pig
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The eighth nerve compound action potential (CAP) in 95 guinea pigs was measured using click stimuli to investigate age-related changes in their neural auditory thresholds. The animals were separated into three groups: group A (n = 43, 86 ears; 2–4 months old); group B (n = 29; 58 ears, 13–15 months old); and group C (n = 23; 46 ears, 23–25 months old). With increasing age, a gradual elevation of CAP thresholds was clearly seen among the three groups. The negative peak (N1) latencies of the CAP were prolonged, and the N1 amplitudes of the CAP decreased. There were significant differences in N1 latencies among the three groups and in N1 amplitudes between groups A and B, and between groups A and C. However, the rate of decline of the thresholds as well as the input-output function curves of the CAP varied in some of the oldest animals, suggesting that there were some individual differences in degenerative aging processes of the auditory system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 34 (1999), S. 2569-2574 
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The relation between the effect and the amount of SiO2 addition on photo-generated hydrophilicity of TiO2 thin film, was investigated by measuring the X-ray diffraction, the microstructure, the specific surface area and the TG-DTA. It was found that the optimum range existed in the amount of SiO2 addition to TiO2, 10–30 mol % SiO2 addition was most effective for contact angle of water. The SiO2 addition less than 30 mol % has a suppressive effect on the transformation of anatase to rutile and on the crystal growth of anatase in calcination, and it has large surface area. With the consequence that the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 and the capability of holding absorbed water which increases during UV irradiation improved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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