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  • 2000-2004
  • 1995-1999  (10)
  • 1985-1989
  • 1995  (10)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The x-ray energy responses of silicon semiconductor detectors, including surface-barrier and photodiode-type detectors, have been investigated, using synchrotron radiation from a 2.5 GeV positron storage ring at the Photon Factory (KEK) in order to study the fundamental physics mechanism of the output signals. These studies are essential to obtain the principles of the future designs of plasma x-ray detectors, as well as of their plasma data analyses. The characterization experiments and their physics interpretations were made using (i) a group of fully depleted detectors and (ii) another group of partially depleted detectors characterized by obviously different depletion-layer thicknesses and minority-carrier diffusion lengths, but with the same wafer thickness. Both results are well interpreted by our newly proposed formula for a semiconductor x-ray-detector response. The importance of these investigations for the plasma x-ray diagnostics is highlighted by significant errors for the estimation of plasma-electron temperatures when the commonly utilized conventional theory is employed for the plasma data analyses. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 762 (1995), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Suite 500, 5th Floor, 238 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA : Blackwell Science Inc.
    International journal of gynecological cancer 5 (1995), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1525-1438
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Despite high primary response rates with cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy, the overall survival rate for advanced ovarian cancers remains dismal. We designed a new systematic treatment approach with a combination chemotherapy consisting of cisplatin, doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide (cyclic PAC chemotherapy), with the aim of improving survival rates with minimal disturbance of quality of life. Cyclic PAC chemotherapy is a three-step chemotherapy with three courses of the PAC regimen in each step. A total of nine courses with a 3-month drug-free period between each step were administered over a 15-month period to patients with clinical stage IC-IV ovarian cancer who had undergone cytoreductive surgery. Forty-eight patients with stage IC-IV disease (34 patients with stage III and IV disease) were treated with cyclic PAC chemotherapy. Thirty-four patients with stage IC-IV disease (23 patients with stage III and IV disease) were treated by a brief course of PAC chemotherapy. Long-term survival and toxicity were evaluated for both treatment groups. Cyclic PAC chemotherapy improved the overall outcome of patients (66.6% 3-year and 56.5% 5-year survival rates) compared to brief PAC (41.2% 3-year and 23.5% 5-year survival rates) (P 〈 0.01). The outcome of patients with stage III-IV ovarian cancer of the cyclic PAC group (52.6% 3-year and 37.2% 5-year survival rates) was also superior to that of the brief PAC group (21.7% 3-year and 8.7% 5-year survival rates). Generally, the treatment was well tolerated. The toxicity was similar in both groups, although myelosuppresion and neurotoxicity were rather prominent in the cyclic PAC group. Cyclic PAC chemotherapy may lead to improved survival in advanced ovarian cancer, and merits further investigation in a randomized study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-5195
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les auteurs étudient par ultrasonographie les effets de la chimiothérapie pré-opératoire dans les ostéosarcomes et les sarcomes d'Ewing. Les variations de la taille des tumeurs de 15 patients (13 ostéosarcomes et 2 sarcomes d'Ewing) ont été examinées par échographie et les résultats ont été comparés aux résultats histopathologiques constatés après résection tumorale. Dans 6 cas où le volume de la tumeur a progressé durant cette chimiothérapie préopératoire, l'histopathologie a montré une mauvaise réponse tumorale (niveau I 3 cas, niveau II 3 cas). Dans 6 des 7 cas où le volume tumoral a diminué, on note une réponse tumorale favorable à la chimiothérapie (niveau III 5 cas, niveau IV 1 cas). L'échographie est donc une bonne méthode de contrôle de l'action de la chimiothérapie pré-opératoire sur les sarcomes notamment à cause de sa facilité d'utilisation et de son coût modique.
    Notes: Summary This study evaluates ultrasonography as a method of monitoring the effect of preoperative chemotherapy on two types of tumour. Changes in the size of tumours of 15 patients (13 osteosarcoma, 2 extraosseous Ewing's sarcoma) were monitored by this method, and the results compared with the histological examination of the resected specimens. Six patients in whom the tumour size increased towards the end of chemotherapy showed in inadequate histological response, whereas 6 of the 7 patients in whom the tumour decreased in size had a good histological response. Ultrasonography is of value as it can indicate the effect of preoperative chemotherapy on sarcoma by monitoring the size of the tumour, and it is simple and cheap to use.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1600-5740
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Metoprolol ; Denopamine ; exercise ; heart rate response ; healthy volunteers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effects of a combination regimen of metoprolol and β1-adrenoceptor agonist denopamine on resting and exercise heart rate have been studied in 10 normal volunteers. Maximal ramp upright bicycle exercise was performed three times at 1-week intervals. Two hours before each exercise test, 5 mg metoprolol plus 20 mg denopamine, 5 mg metoprolol plus a denopamine placebo, or two placebos were orally administered in a double-blind fashion. During exercise after placebo administration, heart rate increased in parallel with the exercise intensity. Compared to the placebo values, resting heart rate was significantly decreased by an average of 10 beats · min−1 by 5 mg metoprolol, whereas it was not altered by the combination regimen. During exercise, however, both the combination regimen and metoprolol alone showed a significant negative chronotropic effect, decreasing peak exercise heart rate by an average of 14 and 21 beats · min−1, respectively. Peak oxygen uptake was also significantly decreased by both regimens. We conclude that concomitant administration of 5 mg metoprolol and 20 mg denopamine exerts an effective β-adrenoceptor blocking action during exercise but a minimal effect at rest in normal subjects. The combination regimen appears to have a favourable pharmacological profile for β-adrenoceptor blocker therapy in patients with chronic heart failure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Esophageal achalasia ; Laparoscopic surgery ; Extramucosal myectomy ; Dor fundoplication ; Intraoperative manometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Laparoscopic extramucosal myectomy with anterior fundoplication according to the Dor technique was performed on a 24-year-old-woman. Intraoperative inflation of a pneumatic balloon made the operative procedures such as extended submucosal dissection quite easy. Intraoperative gastrofiberscopy was useful for confirming that the remaining mucosal layer was not injured after completion of myectomy. Intraoperative manometry confirmed a complete decompression of the high-pressure zone in the lower esophageal sphincter. Complete relief of the symptoms has been recognized for 6 months after operation without any medication. It is considered that these laparoscopic procedures including intraoperative inflation of a pneumatic balloon, gastrofiberscopy, and intraoperative manometry can be used as a standard operation for esophageal achalasia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Das Genom des Hepatitis-C-Virus (HCV) wurde im Speichel von 76 chronischen HCV-Trägern (Durchschnittsalter knapp 60 Jahre), die einen hohen c-100-Serum-Titer und Core-Antikörper der zweiten Generation aufweisen und in einer ländlichen Stadt in Japan leben, gesucht. In 27 Proben (27 Fälle, 36%) wurde das HCV-RNA-Genom nachgewiesen durch reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase-Kettenreaktion mit beiden Primer-Sätzen, die zwei Regionen des HCV-Genomes einschließen: die 5′-nichtkodierende Region und die die mutmaßliche Hülle umgebende Region (E1). Die Transaminasen-Werte zur Zeit der Probenahme waren bei Patienten mit HCV-RNA im Speichel höher als bei denjenigen ohne feststellbare HCV-RNA (p=0.04 für Alaninaminotransferase, p=0.04 für Aspartataminotransferase; Wilcoxon-Test). Zwar war die Häufigkeit der Positivität bei 5′-nichtkodierenden Primern höher (14/59 gegenüber 15/68), aber die Differenz war nicht signifikant. Unsere Daten zeigen, daß die Schwere und die Dauer der Leberfunktionsstörung die Nachweisbarkeit des HCV-Genoms im Speichel beeinflussen, was ein strittiger Punkt unter den Forschern war.
    Notes: Summary The hepatitis C virus (HCV) genome was sought in the saliva of 76 chronic HCV carriers (mean age nearly 60 years) in a rural Japanese twon, who had high serum titers of c-100 and anti-core second generation antibodies. In 27 samples (27 cases, 36%), the HCV-RNA genome was detected by the reverse transcriptase — polymerase chain reaction with either of two sets of primers covering two regions of the HCV genome: the 5'noncoding region and the region encompassing the putative envelope (E1). Transaminase values at the time of sampling were higher in the patients with than in those without detectable HCV RNA in saliva (p=0.04 for alanine aminotransferase, p=0.04 for aspartate aminotransferase; Wilcoxon test). The prevalence of the positivity was higher by 5'noncoding primers (14/59 vs. 15/68). Our data show that the severity and duration of hepatic dysfunction influence the detectability of the HCV genome in the saliva. This has been a controversial point among investigators.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 14 (1995), S. 1303-1305 
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Human evolution 10 (1995), S. 53-62 
    ISSN: 1824-310X
    Keywords: Japanese macaque ; DNA polymorphism ; paternity test ; reproductive success
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Paternity in many primate species cannot be established reliably on behavioral grounds. For instance, Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) have a multi-male group structure and promiscuous mating patterns. On the other hand, accurate evaluation of male reproductive success is needed to analyze primate behavior. DNA finger-printing techniques were applied to 2 captive groups of Japanese macaques in the Primate Research Institute of Kyoto University for identification of paternity. Also, mating behavior of a captive group was observed in order to compare the reproductive success of each male with that expected on the basis of his observed mating activity. The number of offspring of full adult males was not related to their social rank although the number of copulations with ejaculation was highly correlated with their social rank. Monitoring of the female sexual cycles from the plasma profiles of gonadotropins and ovarian hormones suggested that males could not choose females at days of ovulation. The results of two-free-ranging wild troops, like those of the captive groups, indicated that high-ranking males could not monopolize the paternity of offspring. The results of paternity discrimination in Japanese macaques were compared with results from patas monkeys (Erythrocebus patas) in a discussion of social structure and male reproductive success. Some aspects of polymorphism detection techniques are also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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