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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 13 (1980), S. 1554-1558 
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Al0.5In0.5P/Ga0.5In0.5P superlattice structures have been investigated as multiquantum barriers (MQB) in 630 nm band laser diodes in order to reduce thermal current losses. By inserting an optimized MQB, we have succeeded in improving both threshold currents and characteristic temperatures of such devices. However, the optimized dimensions of the MQB found experimentally deviated strongly from those predicted theoretically, indicating that the commonly used theoretical description assuming effective mass approximation, electron wave interference, and using transfer matrix calculation is not adequate. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial & engineering chemistry 35 (1943), S. 346-348 
    ISSN: 1520-5045
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics 22 (1984), S. 267-289 
    ISSN: 0066-4146
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of clinical periodontology 31 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Aim: Zygomatic implants have been introduced for the rehabilitation of patients with severe bone defects of the maxilla. The soft tissue aspects of the palatal emergence situation have not been described yet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and clinical impact of possible periimplant alterations of zygomatic implants.Materials and methods: From 1998 to 2001 all patients with zygomatic implants were included into this study (24 patients, 37 zygomatic implants). One implant was lost in the loading phase giving a survival rate of 97%. Fourteen patients with 20 zygomatic implants fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were all available for the recall examination. Thirteen zygomatic implants were inserted in cases of severe maxillary atrophy, seven in cases of tumour-resection of the maxilla. Clinical examination and microbial analysis using a DNA probe was performed. The implants had a mean time in situ of 598 days (min: 326, max: 914).Results: Colonisation with periodontal pathogens was found at four of the 20 implants. A positive microbiologic result of the periimplant pocket and the maximum pocket probing depth were not statistically related. Nine of the 20 implants showed bleeding on probing, four of these had positive microbiologic results. At sites without bleeding on probing only negative microbiologic samples were found (p=0.026). The mean palatal and mesial probing depth was 1 mm deeper than at the vestibular and distal aspect. Thus at nine out of the 20 implants both, bleeding on probing and pocket probing depth 〈inlineGraphic alt="geqslant R: gt-or-equal, slanted" extraInfo="nonStandardEntity" href="urn:x-wiley:03036979:JCPE505:ges" location="ges.gif"/〉5 mm indicated soft tissue problems resulting in a success rate of only 55%. The patient's history (tumor versus atrophy) or smoking habits seemed not to have influence the situation.Conclusion: These soft tissue problems should be taken into account if zygomatic implants are considered as an alternative therapy option in the maxilla.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 106 (1983), S. 44-52 
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Metallocene dichlorides ; cis-Diammine-dichloroplatinum(II) ; Ehrlich ascites tumor ; Cytokinetics in vitro
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The influence of in vitro application of the cytostatic agents titanocene dichloride (TDC), vanadocene dichloride (VDC), and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) (DDP) on the cytokinetic behavior of EAT cells was investigated. All three substances induced similar cytokinetic phenomena that are characterized on the one hand, by an accumulation of cells in the late S phase and in the G2 phase during exposure periods of 8 to 20 h. On the other hand, some cells were apparently arrested at the end of the G1 phase and, after removal of the cytostatic agents, moved through the following S, G2, and M phases as synchronized cell populations. In view of this unusual cytokinetic pattern of multiple effects, it is argued that the striking similarities in cytokinetic behavior after treatment with the three different cytostatic substances indicate analogies in their molecular mechanisms of action. The different alteration patterns observed after in vivo application of the drugs are obviously due to additional processes occurring only in vivo.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 51 (1941), S. 196-206 
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 68 (1981), S. 272-273 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1433-0458
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Fetale Chirurgie ; Kopf-Hals-Chirurgie ; Fetendo ; Endoskop ; Kongenitale Zwerchfellhernie ; Larynxatresie ; Lippen-Kiefer-Gaumen-Spalte ; Fetale Wundheilung ; Key words Fetal endoscopic surgery ; Head and neck surgery ; Congenital diaphragmatic hernia ; Laryngeal atresia ; Cleft lip and palate ; Fetal wound healing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Fetal surgery is defined as the intrauterine surgical correction of malformations that endanger the unborn child’s life in prenatal stages of development or lead to death or severe damage of the child postnatally. Such surgery is a clinical reality now. Indications for intrataurine surgical procedures also exist for head and neck abnormalities, especially in the upper respiratory tract. These include exposure and temporary obstruction of the fetal trachea for correction of pulmonary hypoplasia in cases with congenital diaphragmatic hernias, prenatal tracheotomy in cases of laryngeal atresia for the correction of lethal pulmonary overdistension, and resection of embryonic tumors that obstruct the respiratory tract. The relatively high surgical risk resulting in particular from preterm labor occurring postoperatively may be reduced by employing minimally invasive techniques. Endoscopic procedures render opening of the uterus unnecessary and are of particular importance. In part of the procedures, only endoscopic surgery has led to therapeutic success rates justifying its clinical use. Further reduction of the operative risk suggests prenatal interventions, even in cases with non-lethal conditions. More diseases of the head and neck may thus be included in the spectrum of indications. One example is prenatal correction of a cleft lip and palate, which until now has only been performed in animal experiments. The particular characteristics of fetal wound healing allow this to take place without scarring up to a certain stage in pregnancy. This offers the prospect of a surgical correction that is invisible externally and avoids growth-impeding scars. The particular ethical and legal aspects of fetal surgery are discussed.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Fetale Chirurgie bedeutet die Durchführung von operativen Eingriffen am Ungeborenen mit dem Ziel der intrauterinen Korrektur von Mißbildungen, die das Leben des Kindes bereits pränatal gefährden oder die postnatal den Tod oder eine schwere Schädigung des Kindes zur Folge haben. Auch im Kopf-Hals-Gebiet, insbesondere im Bereich der oberen Luftwege, gibt es bereits Indikationen für fetale Eingriffe. Diese umfassen die Darstellung und vorübergehende Obstruktion der fetalen Trachea zur Rückführung der pulmonalen Hypoplasie bei kongenitaler Zwerchfellhernie, die pränatale Tracheotomie bei Larynxatresie zur Rückführung einer letalen Lungenüberblähung und die Resektion embryonaler atemwegsobstruierender Tumore. Das relativ hohe Operationsrisiko, daß sich vor allem aus den postoperativ regelmäßig auftretenden vorzeitigen Wehen ergibt, läßt sich durch den Einsatz minimal-invasiver Techniken verringern. Endoskopischen Verfahren, die die langstreckige Eröffnung des Uterus überflüssig machen, kommt dabei eine besondere Rolle zu. Bei einem Teil der Eingriffe führte erst die endoskopische Durchführung zu therapeutischen Erfolgsquoten, die eine klinische Etablierung rechtfertigen. Durch weitere Risikominimierung könnten Nutzen und Risiko eines pränatalen Eingriffs auch bei nicht lebensbedrohlichen Mißbildungen in einem verantwortbaren Verhältnis stehen und damit weitere Erkrankungen aus dem Kopf-Hals-Bereich in das Indikationsspektrum rücken. Ein Beispiel für eine solche, bisher nur im Tierversuch etablierte Option ist die pränatale Korrektur der Lippen-Kiefer-Gaumen-Spalte. Durch die besonderen Eigenschaften der fetalen Wundheilung, die bis zu einem bestimmten Schwangerschaftsabschnitt narbenfrei abläuft, böte sich die Perspektive einer äußerlich unsichtbaren Korrektur und fehlenden wachstumshemmenden Narbenzügen. Ergänzend wird auf die besonderen ethischen und rechtlichen Aspekte der fetalen Chirurgie eingegangen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1434-3940
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Mundhöhlenkarzinom Prognosefaktoren ; Unterkieferresektion ; Strahlentherapie ; Keywords Oral carcinoma ; Prognostic factors ; Mandibular resection ; Radiotherapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract The prognostic effect of bone resection (continuous vs non-continuous) was analysed in a retrospective study of 100 patients who were treated for squamous cell carcinoma located close to the lower jaw, between 1983 and 1994. Tumour stage, type of bone resection, extent of lymphatic node resection, dose of radiotherapy and chemotherapy were documented. Prognosis was characterised by the statistical end points “death”, “metastasis” and “relapse”. Thirty-two stage pT2 carcinomas, half of which were treated by continuous and half by non-continuous resection of the lower jaw, showed the same occurrence of the statistical end points death, metastasis or relapse. There was a trend towards a significantly longer survival time and metastasis-free interval in the group of continuous resection. The hazard ratios, however, showed no effect depending on the type of resection. However, both tumour stage (pTNM) and dose of radiation independently influenced prognosis in multivariate analysis. Consequently, three groups were defined. Univariate analysis of 62 patients without radiotherapy vs 19 with low-dose radiotherapy (36 Gy) and 19 with high-dose (62 Gy) showed a positive effect on the rate and time of survival in the group treated with high-dose radiotherapy. This was confirmed by multivariate analysis showing significantly lower hazard ratios for death and metastasis in the high-dose radiotherapy group after adjusting to cofactors (e.g. tumour stage). The data of this study challenge the current concept of resection of the lower jaw. However, due to the low number of patients and the retrospective character of the study, it is not possible to give suggestions regarding established therapy concepts. The advances of a high-dose radiotherapy in this study should be the subject of further multicentre retrospective and prospective randomised trials.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Durch die retrospektive Auswertung von 100 Patienten mit unterkiefernahen Karzinomen (1983–1994) sollte eruiert werden, inwieweit die Art der Unterkieferresektion (Kasten- vs. Kontinuitätsresektion) den Erkrankungsverlauf prognostisch beeinflusst. Als potenziell prognosebeeinflussende Parameter wurden das Tumorstadium, der Unterkieferresektionsmodus, der Umfang der Lymphknotendissektion, die Strahlentherapiedosis und die Chemotherapie einbezogen. Zur Prognosebewertung dienten die Endpunkte „Versterben“, „Metastase“ und „Rezidiv“. 32 pT2-Karzinome, die jeweils zur Hälfte kasten- bzw. kontinuitätsreseziert wurden, zeigten bezüglich der Endpunkte „Versterben“, „Metastase“ und „Rezidiv“ gleiche Ereignisquoten. Überlebenszeiten und Metastasenfreiheitszeiten (Kaplan-Meier) verwiesen univariat auf einen tendenziellen Vorteil der Kontinuitätsresektion. Die relativen Risiken ergaben dagegen keinen Hinweis auf einen relevanten Effekt der Resektionsform. Da sich in ¶der multivariaten Analyse neben dem pTNM-Stadium die Bestrahlungsdosis als unabhängiger Prognosefaktor präsentierte, wurden hierzu zusätzlich ¶3 Gruppen gebildet. Der Vergleich von 62 nicht strahlentherapierten Patienten gegenüber 19 niedrig dosiert ¶(36 Gy) und 19 hoch dosiert (63 Gy) Bestrahlten zeigte univariat in den Überlebenszeiten einen Vorteil nach Ausbestrahlung. Dieser Vorteil wurde multivariat durch ein signifikant geringeres relatives Risiko für „Versterben“ und „Metastase“ nach Ausbestrahlung bestätigt. Die diskordante Datenlage der Studie zur Unterkieferresektion ist keine verlässliche Basis, eine Therapieempfehlung zu stützen, die vom etablierten Konzept abweicht. Bei aller Zurückhaltung aufgrund der retrospektiven und monozentrischen Ergebniseruierung kann aber ein Hinweis auf einen möglichen relevanten Prognosevorteil durch eine hochdosierte, adjuvante Bestrahlung abgeleitet werden, der multizentrisch retrospektiv und ggf. in prospektiven, randomisierten Studien geprüft werden sollte.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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