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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diffusive Sampling and Biological Monitoring of 2-Bromopropane (1997)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 33 (1997), S. 23-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The possibilities to apply personal ambient air monitoring by diffusive sampling and biological exposure monitoring by urinalysis for 2-bromopropane or its metabolites were explored. The abilities of carbon cloth to adsorb 2-bromopropane was examined by experimental vapor exposure followed by solvent extraction and FID-GC. Urine from factory workers and rats exposed to 2-bromopropane were analyzed for 2-bromopropane, acetone and isopropyl alcohol by FID-GC, and for bromide ion by ECD-GC after chemical methylation. Carbon cloth adsorbed 2-bromopropane in a manner linearly related to exposures up to 1500 mg/m3 and to 8 h. The adsorption could quantitatively detect a 15 min peak exposure at 3,000 mg/m3. In rat experiments, analyses of urine samples collected over a 4-h period after termination of a 4-h exposure to 2-bromopropane at 500, 1,000 or 1,500 mg/m3 showed that acetone and bromide ion were excreted dose-dependently. Essentially, no 2-bromopropane or isopropyl alcohol was detected. When the analytical methods were applied to urine samples from 5 male workers exposed to 2-bromopropane at a low level (3 mg/m3 as a geometric mean), acetone and bromide ion levels were within respective normal ranges in four cases, but were higher than the upper limits of the normal ranges in the fifth case of a foreman who probably had the highest exposure. Thus, diffusive sampling is applicable to monitor exposure to 2-bromopropane. Urinalysis for acetone and bromide ion in combination appears to be a promising selective tool for biological monitoring of occupational exposure to 2-bromopropane.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002449900218
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Responses of non-spiking giant interneurons to substrate tilt in the crayfish, with special reference to multisensory control in the compensatory eyestalk movement system (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 179 (1996), S. 635-643 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Keywords: Crayfish ; Non-spiking giant interneurons ; Leg movements ; Multisensory interaction ; Compensatory oculomotor system
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In the brain of the intact crayfish, three pairs of non-spiking giant interneurons (G1, G2, G3; NGIs) scarcely responded to substrate tilt about the longitudinal axis of the body either in the dark or in the presence of an overhead light. However, when the statolith was removed, these NGIs responded with depolarizing and hyperpolarizing potentials respectively to upward movements of the ipsilateral legs (2nd–5th pereiopods) and upward movements of the contralateral legs produced by substrate tilt. The relationships between the polarity of the potential and the direction of movement in the contralateral legs were opposite to those in the ipsilateral legs. The amplitude of the responses was proportional to the frequency (0.5-0.05 Hz) and amplitude of tilting. When the legs were moved unilaterally, the NGIs responded with depolarizing and hyperpolarizing potentials to upward movements of the ipsilateral legs and to upward movements of the contralateral legs, respectively. When the legs were moved bilaterally in the same direction by upward or downward movement of the substrate, the NGIs scarcely responded to the leg movements. A hypothetical model is presented to account for the pathways of sensory inputs to the NGIs and the role of NGIs in compensatory oculomotor system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00216128
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Free ion concentrations in receptor lymph and role of transepithelial voltage in the fly labellar taste receptor (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 177 (1995), S. 123-133 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Keywords: Ion-selective electrode ; Receptor lymph ; Insect ; Transepithelial voltage ; Taste receptor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Free ion concentrations in the receptor lymph of the labellar taste hair were examined on the fleshfly Boettcherisca peregrina, making use of several kinds of ion-selective microelectrodes inserted into the outer lumen of the taste hair through its cut end. The receptor lymph was rich in Na+ and Cl- but poor in K+, that is, concentrations of free Na+, K+, Ca2+ and Cl- were (in mM) 117,24,0.2 and 109, respectively. The haemolymph of this insect had similar free ion concentrations. Next, the role of transepithelial voltage (TEV; 47.1 ± 1.0 mV), which the receptor lymph space of the taste hair had with respect to the haemolymph, was examined. The quantitative relationship between the TEV amplitudes and the impulse frequencies of the sugar receptor evoked by sucrose stimulation was determined, changing TEV with application of respiratory inhibitors to the taste hair tip or by injecting current into the outer lumen. The TEV is concluded to provide the major component of the driving electromotive force for the receptor current to flow.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00225093
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fentanyl analgesia increases the incidence of postoperative hypothermia in neonates (1998)
    Springer
    Pediatric surgery international 13 (1998), S. 508-511 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Key words Fentanyl analgesia ; Hypothermia ; Body temperature ; Neonate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Postoperative hypothermia remains a clinical problem in neonates undergoing surgery. Intraoperative analgesia can blunt the metabolic and hormonal response to operative stress in neonates. However, its effects on heat production and thermoregulation are not known. The aim of this review was to characterise the effects of intraoperative analgesia on body temperature in neonates undergoing surgery. The case notes of 25 consecutive neonates who underwent major operations were retrospectively reviewed. Axillary temperature was measured before the operation, and postoperatively after returning to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Patients were divided into groups based on the intraoperative analgesic used: (1) 9 neonates received fentanyl; (2) 5 received morphine; and (3) 11 received epidural bupivacaine. All groups were comparable in terms of conceptional age, postnatal age, body weight, duration of operation, and operative stress score. In all groups the body temperature was significantly lower at the time of returning to the NICU than preoperatively. Three patients (33%) who received fentanyl became hypothermic during the operation, whereas none of those who received either morphine or bupivacaine had hypothermia. The drop in temperature between preoperative and initial postoperative values was significantly greater in patients who received fentanyl intraoperatively (median drop 0.8 °C, range 0.6 – 2.4) when compared with patients who received morphine (P= 0.02) or epidural bupivacaine (P= 0.01). These data suggest that intraoperative fentanyl modulates the postoperative body temperature in neonates. We hypothesise that fentanyl blocks metabolic heat production, which results in a reduction in postoperative body temperature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003830050385
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased matrix metalloproteinases as possible cause of osseoarticular tissue destruction in long-term haemodialysis and β2-microglobulin amyloidosis (1996)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 428 (1996), S. 37-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: β2-Microglobulin amyloidosis ; Matrix metalloproteinases ; Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases ; Destructive arthropathy ; Bone cyst
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Immunolocalization of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs) in periarticular tissues of β2-microglobulin amyloidosis patients was investigated. MMP-1 (interstitial collagenase) the most strongly expressed of the MMPs, was localized in the synovial lining cells, mesenchymal cells in granulation tissue and nodular amyloid deposits, and chondrocytes within areas of cartilage erosion. Expression of MMP-1 was correlated with the degree of macrophage infiltration and synovial cell hyperplasia, but it was not correlated with the degree of amyloid deposition or haemodialysis period. Expression of MMP-1 appeared more intense than that of TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 in highly inflammatory cases. MMP-2 was mildly expressed in the interstitial fibroblasts and MMP-3 was faintly stained in the extracellular matrix of the synovial membrane. MMP-9 (gelatinase B) was found to be strongly positive in the osteoclasts which increased in the progressing osteolytic lesion from the destructive arthropathy. These results suggest involvement of MMPs in inflammation with an imbalance between expression of MMPs and TIMPs being closely related to pathogenesis of the destructive arthropathy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00192925
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A magnetic resonance abnormality correlating with permeability of the blood-brain barrier in a child with chemical meningitis during central nervous system prophylaxis for acute leukemia (1999)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 78 (1999), S. 564-567 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Key words Chemical meningitis ; Magnetic resonance ; Meningeal leukemia ; Blood-CSF barrier ; Permeability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Chemical meningitis developed in a boy with acute lymphoblastic leukemia during central nervous system (CNS) prophylaxis. Cerebrospinal fluid examination showed pleocytosis and a high protein level. There were no malignant cytological findings. Calculated permeability of albumin across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) was more elevated than that of immunoglobulin or alfa2-macroglobulin. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed diffuse pachymeningeal enhancement without any intracerebral lesion. Subsequent CNS prophylaxis was postponed. CSF findings and BBB permeability returned to normal, correlating well with the decrease of MRI abnormality.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002770050560
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A convulsant, 3-mercaptopropionic acid, decreases the level of GABA and GAD in rat pancreatic islets and brain (1995)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 51 (1995), S. 217-219 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Gamma-aminobutyric acid ; glutamate decarboxylase ; pancreatic islets ; brain ; 3-mercaptopropionic acid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To investigate the properties of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) synthesizing enzyme, glutamate decarboxylase (GAD), in the brain and the pancreatic islets of the rat, GABA concentration in the brain and the pancreatic islets was measured after intraperitoneal administration of 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3-MP) at 25 mg/kg. 60 min after the administration of 3-MP, GABA concentration in the hypothalamus, the superior colliculus and the hippocampus of the brain decreased by 20–30% and in the pancreatic islets by 35%. The concentration in the pancreatic acini did not change. Western blotting showed that GAD activity in the pancreatic islets decreased after administration of 3-MP compared to the control. The activity of GAD in the pancreatic islets as well as brain can be modified by a convulsant, in this case 3-MP. These results suggest the properties of GAD may be similar in the pancreatic islets and brain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01931099
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radiographic findings of intractable gastric ulcers with H2-receptor antagonists (1996)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 21 (1996), S. 133-141 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Gastric ulcer〈+〉—〈+〉Intractable ulcer〈+〉—〈+〉H2receptor antagonists〈+〉—〈+〉Radiographic findings〈+〉—〈+〉Multivariate analysis.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Background: To clarify the radiographic characteristics of intractable gastric ulcers with H2-receptor antagonists. Methods: The radiographic findings at the time of starting treatment were compared between 42 patients with gastric ulcers that did not heal within eight weeks of starting treatment with H2-receptor antagonists (the intractable group) and 58 patients whose ulcers healed within the eight-week period (the tractable group). Results: The following radiographic findings in the intractable group were observed at a significantly higher incidence than those in the tractable group and included: an ulcer located on the angle, linear ulcers, a greater depth, an uneven mound surrounding an ulcer, prominent folds' convergence, an overhanging gastric mucosa, an irregular ulcer base, a shortening of the lesser curvature and a U-shaped deformity of the angle. A multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the following three factors had a significant and independent delaying effect on healing: a U-shaped deformity of the angle, an uneven mound surrounding an ulcer and prominent folds' convergence. The relative risk of these factors were 12.7, 14.4 and 12.5, respectively. Conclusions: Intractable gastric ulcer with H2-receptor antagonists can be predicted based on the characteristic radiographic findings at the start of treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002619900028
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Angiomyolipoma of the liver: significance of CT and MR dynamic study (1998)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 23 (1998), S. 520-526 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Angiomyolipoma—Liver, US, CT, MRI, angiography.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Angiomyolipoma is a benign mesenchymal tumor that has been reported frequently in the kidney but rarely in the liver. In the present study, we present four cases of hepatic angiomyolipoma with different radiologic appearances, discuss differential diagnosis, and review previously reported cases. One of our cases was followed for 8 years. Computed tomography (plain, enhanced, and dynamic study), magnetic resonance imaging (T1-weighted spin echo, T2-weighted spin echo, and dynamic study), ultrasonography, and angiography were performed in all cases. Although different radiologic appearances were observed in the tumors, based on different proportions of fat, blood vessels, and muscle, three cases were diagnosed as angiomyolipoma. In one case, it was quite difficult to make radiologic diagnosis; hepatocellular carcinoma with fatty metamorphosis in part was most likely suspected, but histopathological examination revealed angiomyolipoma with few fat elements. In the present study, early and prolonged enhancement of the lesion with the special pattern of time density/intensity curve was significant for angiomyolipoma, and we suggest that preoperative radiologic diagnosis of the lesion is possible in most of the cases. However, it can be quite difficult to distinguish angiomyolipoma from some hepatocellular carcinomas with fatty metamorphosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002619900391
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Septic shock due toPseudomonas aeruginosa in a previously healthy woman (1995)
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 21 (1995), S. 226-228 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; Septicemia ; Septic shock
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Pseudomonas aeruginosa septicemia rarely occurs in non-immunocompromised adults. We present a case of septic shock followingPseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia in a previously healthy 48-year-old woman. The onset was sudden, with back pain, pyrexia and shock. Chest radiographs revealed pneumonia, andPseudomonas aeruginosa was identified from blood and sputum cultures. Therapy with dopamine, piperacillin and fluid replacement led to a prompt recovery. Laboratory tests failed to reveal any immunological deficits. Including this case, only five cases ofPseudomonas aeruginosa septicemia in patients though to be non-immunocompromised have been reported. Two remarkable features of this type ofPseudomonas infection are apparent: i) it commonly develops from pneumonia and ii) it has a better prognosis than that in immunocompromised hosts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01701476
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