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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Locally-induced nonlinear modes and multiple equilibria in planetary fluids (1990)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 133 (1990), S. 733-748 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Nonlinear coherent structures ; modons ; IG eddies ; local multiple equilibria ; long Rossby waves ; potential vorticity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract It is demonstrated that nonlinear Rossby modes, such as modons and IG eddies, can be excited in planetary fluids by a sufficiently strong forcing of potential vorticity. When a weak forcing is balanced with a weak dissipation, two (linear and nonlinear) equilibrium states can be produced, depending on the initial condition. When the fluid is inviscid, a sufficiently strong steady forcing may generate a sequence of propagating nonlinear eddies. A weak forcing, by contrast, only generates linear Rossby waves. The criterion which divides the high amplitude nonlinear state and the low amplitude linear state may be interpreted in terms of a ratio of a time necessary to force the eddy to a time for a fluid particle to circulate about the nonlinear eddy once.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00876230
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Induction of glycation suppresses glucokinase gene expression in HIT-T15 cells (1999)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 42 (1999), S. 1417-1424 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Gene expression regulation, transcription factors, glycosylation, homeodomain protein, oxidative stress.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Aims/hypothesis. Chronic hyperglycaemia in patients with Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus often leads to a decline in glucose-responsive insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells, a phenomenon called glucose toxicity. Upon hyperglycaemia, glycation reaction occurs in the beta cells and induces oxidative stress. To understand the molecular basis of the beta-cell glucose toxicity, we investigated the possible effects of glycation on the expression and enzymatic activity of glucokinase, which plays a crucial part in glucose-responsive insulin secretion.¶Methods. Glycation and reactive oxygen species were induced in HIT-T15 cells by treatment with d-ribose and effects on glucokinase gene transcription, glucokinase protein amount, glucose phosphorylation activity, and DNA-binding activities of putative glucokinase gene transcription factors were evaluated.¶Results. When glycation was induced in HIT-T15 cells, the activity of the human glucokinase gene beta-cell-type promoter was suppressed substantially (83 % reduction at 60 mmol/l d-ribose). Also, similar reductions in mRNA and protein amounts of glucokinase and in the Vmax of its enzymatic activity were observed. In agreement with the reduction in the promoter activity, the two major transcription factors of the glucokinase gene, the Pal-binding factor and PDX-1, reduced their binding to their target sequences in the glucokinase gene promoter in glycation-induced HIT cells. Because these effects of d-ribose were counteracted by aminoguanidine or N-acetylcysteine, reactive oxygen species, generated by the glycation reaction, appears to be involved in the phenomena.¶Conclusion/interpretation. The induction of the glycation reaction, which is known to occur in pancreatic beta cells in chronic hyperglycaemia, suppresses the glucokinase gene transcription and its enzymatic activity. Thus, hyperglycaemia-dependent inhibition of glucokinase activity could in part explain beta-cell glucose toxicity. [Diabetologia (1999) 42: 1417–1424]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250051313
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prevention of glomerular hyperfiltration in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes by an atrial natriuretic peptide receptor antagonist (1995)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 38 (1995), S. 536-542 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Diabetic nephropathy ; atrial natriuretic peptide ; atrial natriuretic peptide receptor antagonist ; glomerular hyperfiltration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The contribution of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) to the development of glomerular hyperfiltration in diabetes was investigated by examining the effects of HS-142-1, a non-peptide antagonist of biological receptors for ANP, on glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal plasma flow (RPF) in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Three to four weeks after streptozotocin injection, the plasma concentration of ANP, urinary cyclic GMP excretion rate, GFR, and RPF were significantly higher in diabetic rats than in control rats. The increase in GFR and RPF in diabetic rats was significantly reduced, in a dose-dependent manner, by a single intravenous injection of HS-142-1; the maximal effect was apparent at a dose of 10 mg per kg of body weight. Continuous subcutaneous administration of HS-142-1 with an osmotic minipump for 3 to 4 weeks, beginning 2 days after streptozotocin injection, prevented the increases in urinary cyclic GMP excretion rate, GFR, and RPF observed in untreated diabetic rats. These results highlight the importance of ANP in the development of diabetic glomerular hyperfiltration and indicate that this condition can be prevented by continuous inhibition of the action of ANP.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00400721
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxidative stress induces p21 expression in pancreatic islet cells: possible implication in beta-cell dysfunction (1999)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 42 (1999), S. 1093-1097 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Oxidative stress ; glucose toxicity ; p21 ; cyclin-dependent kinase ; insulin gene ; insulin secretion ; beta-cell.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Aims/hypothesis. Prolonged poor glycaemic control in patients with Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus often causes pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction accompanied by decreases in insulin biosynthesis and beta-cell proliferation. This is well known as a clinical concept called glucose toxicity. Whereas oxidative stress is provoked under diabetic conditions, we examined the possible implication of cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) inhibitor p21 (WAF1/CIP1/Sdi1) in beta-cell dysfunction mediated by oxidative stress. Methods. Oxidative stress was induced in isolated rat pancreatic islet cells by treatment with H2O2 and mRNA expression of p21 and insulin was examined by northern blot analyses. Also, the expression of p21 and insulin mRNA was examined in Zucker diabetic fatty rat. In islet cells p21 was overexpressed using adenovirus and its effect on insulin gene transcription was examined. Results. When oxidative stress was charged on isolated rat pancreatic islet cells, p21 mRNA expression was induced whereas insulin mRNA was decreased. Also, when diabetes developed in Zucker diabetic fatty rats, p21 expression was induced and the insulin mRNA expression was reduced. As support for the implication of p21 in impairment of beta-cell function, the p21 overexpression in the islet cells suppressed the insulin gene transcription. Conclusions/interpretation. The expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21, which can be induced by oxidative stress, increases in pancreatic islet cells upon development of diabetes. By suppressing cell proliferation and insulin biosynthesis, the p21 induction is likely to be implicated in the beta-cell glucose toxicity. [Diabetologia (1999) 42: 1093–1097}
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250051276
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prevention of glomerular hyperfiltration in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes by an atrial natriuretic peptide receptor antagonist (1995)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 38 (1995), S. 536-542 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Key words Diabetic nephropathy ; atrial natriuretic peptide ; atrial natriuretic peptide receptor antagonist ; glomerular hyperfiltration.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The contribution of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) to the development of glomerular hyperfiltration in diabetes was investigated by examining the effects of HS-142-1, a non-peptide antagonist of biological receptors for ANP, on glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal plasma flow (RPF) in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Three to four weeks after streptozotocin injection, the plasma concentration of ANP, urinary cyclic GMP excretion rate, GFR, and RPF were significantly higher in diabetic rats than in control rats. The increase in GFR and RPF in diabetic rats was significantly reduced, in a dose-dependent manner, by a single intravenous injection of HS-142-1; the maximal effect was apparent at a dose of 10 mg per kg of body weight. Continuous subcutaneous administration of HS-142-1 with an osmotic minipump for 3 to 4 weeks, beginning 2 days after streptozotocin injection, prevented the increases in urinary cyclic GMP excretion rate, GFR, and RPF observed in untreated diabetic rats. These results highlight the importance of ANP in the development of diabetic glomerular hyperfiltration and indicate that this condition can be prevented by continuous inhibition of the action of ANP. [Diabetologia (1995) 38: 536–542]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00400721
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radiographic findings of intractable gastric ulcers with H2-receptor antagonists (1996)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 21 (1996), S. 133-141 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Gastric ulcer〈+〉—〈+〉Intractable ulcer〈+〉—〈+〉H2receptor antagonists〈+〉—〈+〉Radiographic findings〈+〉—〈+〉Multivariate analysis.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Background: To clarify the radiographic characteristics of intractable gastric ulcers with H2-receptor antagonists. Methods: The radiographic findings at the time of starting treatment were compared between 42 patients with gastric ulcers that did not heal within eight weeks of starting treatment with H2-receptor antagonists (the intractable group) and 58 patients whose ulcers healed within the eight-week period (the tractable group). Results: The following radiographic findings in the intractable group were observed at a significantly higher incidence than those in the tractable group and included: an ulcer located on the angle, linear ulcers, a greater depth, an uneven mound surrounding an ulcer, prominent folds' convergence, an overhanging gastric mucosa, an irregular ulcer base, a shortening of the lesser curvature and a U-shaped deformity of the angle. A multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the following three factors had a significant and independent delaying effect on healing: a U-shaped deformity of the angle, an uneven mound surrounding an ulcer and prominent folds' convergence. The relative risk of these factors were 12.7, 14.4 and 12.5, respectively. Conclusions: Intractable gastric ulcer with H2-receptor antagonists can be predicted based on the characteristic radiographic findings at the start of treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002619900028
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interaction between supernodulating or non-nodulating mutants of soybean and two arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (2000)
    Springer
    Mycorrhiza 10 (2000), S. 101-106 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1890
    Keywords: Keywords Arbuscular mycorrhiza ; Mycorrhizal inoculation effect ; Nodulation mutants ; Soybean ; Supernodulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Twelve nodulation mutants (seven non-nodulating and five supernodulating) of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Mirr.] were screened for arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization in the presence of either Glomus etunicatum Becker and Gerdemann or Gigaspora margarita Becker and Hall. The cultivars showed variation in colonization parameters. The two supernodulating mutants En6500 and NOD1–3 had higher frequencies of colonization with 2.5–4.5 times higher arbuscular abundance than the respective wild types. The enhanced mycorrhization resulted in significant enhancement of P uptake by En6500. The non-nodulating mutants showed decreases in mycorrhizal parameters. Mutants En1282 and Harosoy–exhibited aborted infection after formation of typical appressorium-like structures at some sites. However, none of these had the non-mycorrhizal phenotype. Growth and nutrient-uptake parameters should be considered while studying plant mutants for mycorrhization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005720000064
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of fungal to bacterial biomass ratio on the relationship between CO2 evolution and total soil microbial biomass (1994)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 17 (1994), S. 39-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: CO2 evolution ; Microbial obiomass ; Fungal ; bacterial biomass ratio ; qCO2 ; Organic manuring
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The relationship between the fungal: bacterial biomass ratio and the metabolic quotient (qCO2) was studied in three different soils. In addition, the effect of the fungal: bacterial biomass ratio on the relationship between CO2 evolution and the size of the soil microbial biomass was examined. Soil samples were collected from three experimental fields amended with various organic materials (Yatsugatake, Ibaraki, and Tochigi fields). The range of the fungal:bacterial biomass ratio in the Yatsugatake and Ibaraki fields was small (1.54–2.24 and 1.11–1.71, respectively), but it was large in the Tochigi field (1.18–3.75). We found a high negative correlation between this ratio and the metabolic quotient (qCO2=2.10−0.361 (fungal:bacterial biomass ratio), R=−0.851, P〈0.01) in the Tochigi field. Therefore, we suggest tha qCO2 decreases with an increase in the fungal:bacterial biomass ratio, which may be due to a higher efficiency of substrate C use by fungal flora in comparison with bacterial flora. In the Yatsugatake and Ibaraki fields, there was a high positive correlation between CO2 evolution and total microbial biomass. In contrast, no correlation was observed between these two parameters in the Tochigi field, probably reflecting the wide range of values for the fungal:bacterial biomass ratio. From the results obtained, we suggest that the fungal: bacterial biomass ratio is an important factor regulating the relationship between CO2 evolution and the size of the microbial biomass.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00418670
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distinguishing the antigen specificities of pemphigus vulgaris and pemphigus foliaceus using the biotin-avidin immunofluorescence method (1987)
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 279 (1987), S. 143-146 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Pemphigus vulgaris ; Pemphigus foliaceus ; Biotin-avidin immunofluorescence method
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To compare the specificities of autoantibodies in sera from patients with pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and those with pemphigus foliaceus (PF), blocking-immunofluorescence studies were carried out using the biotin-avidin immunofluorescence technique. First cryostat sections of bovine muzzle epidermis were incubated with one of either the unlabeled PV or PF serum samples for 2 h at room temperature, then rinsed and overlayered for 30 min with serially diluted corresponding or other biotin-labeled PV (or PF) IgG fractions containing their autoantibodies. The sections were then incubated for 30 min in fluorescein-labeled avidin. The blocking abilities of PV (or PF) sera for the reaction of labeled PV (or PF) IgG on the membranous part of keratinocytes were compared. The following results were obtained: (a) The titers of biotin-labeled PF IgG decreased considerably more in sections preincubated with PF sera than sections preincubated with PV or normal sera. (b) The titers of biotin-labeled PV IgG decreased considerably more in sections preincubated with PV sera than sections preincubated with PF or normal sera. These results suggest that there may be a distinction in antigenic specificities between PV and PF sera.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00413247
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Congenital absence and aberrant course of the internal carotid artery (1996)
    Springer
    European radiology 6 (1996), S. 650-654 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Aberrant internal carotid artery ; Congenital absence of the internal carotid artery ; CT ; MRI ; MR angiography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We retrospectively reviewed the imaging features of an aberrant course of the internal carotid artery (ICA) in one patient and its unilateral absence in four. Absence of the ICA was initially detected by MRI and MR angiography in both patients who underwent these examinations. CT revealed an abnormal or absent carotid canal in all cases. Radiological diagnosis by MRI and MR angiography could play an important role in the diagnosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00187666
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