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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 22 (1972), S. 42-57 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Vincristine ; Brain ; Spinal Ganglia ; Mouse Fetus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Brain and spinal ganglia of mouse fetuses were examined under the light- and electon microscope 4 to 24 h after a 5 mg/kg dosage of vincristine. The following changes were observed: 1. In many proliferating cells, an inhibition of mitosis during metaphase could already be found after 4 h. 2. Numerous interphase cells develop damaged nuclear structures and organelles at the end of the 24 h period. On the one hand mitotic inhition can be demonstrated only in the proliferating paraventricular zones of the brain and also thinly scattered in the spinal ganglia. On the other hand cells demonstrating the typical pattern of damage to nucleus and organelles can be found diffusely spread through the whole cortex and spinal ganglia. The chromatin is clumped together in the nuclei of these cells, it is also extremely electron dense and arranged in wide threads. The perinuclear cistern is very widened and has often disintegrated into vesicles. Hereby wide connections between caryo- and cytoplasma develop. The number and size of the rough ER is decreased, often puffed up and vesicularly disintegrated. The quantity of free ribosomes has also decreased and polysomes are scarcely seen. The other cell organelles are often swollen. The connection between vincristine and the ultrastructural changes can be partly understood on the basis of the biochemical findings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 152 (1993), S. 1024-1029 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia ; Mechanical ventilation ; Radiology ; Cytology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Sequential chest radiographs from 40 newborn infants requiring assisted ventilation for respiratory distress syndrome or other conditions were evaluated with a new scoring system aiming at identifying abnormal expansion patterns and interstitial infiltrates representing an early stage of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Age at examination ranged from 3 to 23 days. Tracheal effluent samples obtained from the babes during the same period of observation were examined cytologically for evidence of regenerating airway epithelium with squamous metaplasia, indicating BPD. According to the radiological scoring system 24 babies (60%) developed BPD, first diagnosed at a median age of 9 days. By cytological criteria 20 babies (50%) developed BPD, first diagnosed at a median age of 10.5 days. The results from radiological and cytological diagnosis of BPD were concordant in 16 babies (P〈0.05 by chi-square test). Using oxygen dependency at the age of 28 days as evidence of established BPD, the radiological scoring system alone had a sensitivity of 93% and a specificity of 53%. The corresponding figures for cytological assessment alone were 73% and 58%, respectively. By combining radiological and cytological findings, values for sensitivity and specificity were 67% and 68%, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia ; Tracheobronchial aspirate ; Interleukins ; Cytokines
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Abstract Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease often occurring in ventilator-treated very low birth weight infants. The aetiology of BPD is multifactorial and pulmonary immaturity, high oxygen concentrations, peak inspiratory pressure levels and large tidal volumes during prolonged mechanical ventilation are important factors. We measured in tracheobronchial aspirate fluid (TAF) the concentrations of the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumour necrosis factor α, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-8, and IL-1 receptor antagonist in infants requiring artificial ventilation for BPD (n=17) or respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) (n=15) or postoperatively after surgery (n=15). The median levels of all studied cytokines in TAF were higher in infants with BPD without local or systemic corticosteroid, treatment compared to the median TAF levels of BPD neonates treated with corticosteroids (P=0.06−P〈0.01). The neonates with BPD not treated with corticosteroids also showed higher levels of the five studied cytokines in TAF compared to infants on short-time ventilator treatment (P〈0.01−P〈0.001) and compared to neonates with RDS (P=0.07−P〈0.001). The corticosteroid treated neonates with BPD had TAF cytokine levels approaching those of the control neonates. Conclusion Tumour necrosis factors α, IL-1β, IL6, IL8 and IL 1 ra were markedly elevated in tracheobronchial aspirate fluids from neonates with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Corticoid treatment seemed to reduce these levels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 111 (1970), S. 572-585 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Brain ; Intraventricular cellular processes ; Ependyma ; Lateral ventricle ; Synapses
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Ependym und subependymale Strukturen der Seitenventrikel von Katzen aus dem Bereich des Nucleus caudatus und des Corpus callosum wurden nach Perfusionsfixierung elektronenmikroskopisch untersucht. Dort findet sich eine Reihe von Neuritenanschnitten, deren kolbenförmige Auftreibungen leere Vesikel, “dense core granula” und Mitochondrien enthalten. Neben diesen neuronalen Elementen werden auch Zellfortsätze nichtneuronaler Natur im Ventrikellumen beobachtet, die Ependym- und intraventrikulären Zellen entstammen. An umschriebenen Stellen nehmen diese kolbig aufgetriebenen Fortsätze desmosomenartige Kontakte mit dem Ependym auf. An diesen Orten umgeben Mikrovilli die Fortsätze korbartig. Ob es sich bei diesen Kontakten um synapsenartige Strukturen handelt, oder um „Rezeptoren“ für unbekannte chemische Stoffe, wird diskutiert. Die Kontakte sind unabhängig von der Form der Ependymzellen und davon, ob diesen graue oder weiße Substanz unterliegt. Zwischen und in den Ependymzellen finden sich — bedingt durch den unterschiedlichen Gehalt an Zellorganellen — drei verschiedene Arten von Fortsätzen. Die Zahl der neuronalen Fortsätze in diesem Bereich ist sehr viel kleiner als im Ventrikellumen.
    Notes: Summary Ependyma and subependymal regions of the lateral ventricles of cats (area of Nucleus caudatus and Corpus callosum) were fixed by perfusion and investigated electronmicroscopically. Intraventricular axons showing a beaded shape with smaller and thicker parts were found. The varicosities contain empty vesicles, dense core granules and mitochondria. Beside those certainly neuronal elements there exist intraventricular cell processes originating from ependymal cells and free cells. The neuronal processes make desmosome-like contacts with the ependyma. These regions of contact are surrounded by basket-like arranged microvilli. It is discussed, whether the contacts function like synapses or as receptors for a substance, which is still unknown. Contacts do not depend on the shape of ependymal cells. They exist with the ependyma of Nucleus caudatus (grey substance) as well as with the ependyma of Corpus callosum (white substance). Because of the different contents of cell-organelles one can differentiate three different sorts of processes situated inter- or intracellularly in the ependyma. Neuronal processes within the lateral ventricles are more numerous than those found within the ependymal layer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 97 (1964), S. 415-418 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Umsetzung von L-Tryptophan mit D-Fructose liefert kristallisierte 2-Nα-L-Tryptophan-2-desoxy-D-glucose(I), mit D-Glucose 1-Nα-L-Tryptophan-1-desoxy-D-fructose (II), Aus L-Histidin und D-Fructose entsteht 2-Nα-L-Histidin-2-desoxy-D-Glucose (II).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Bei den Umsetzungen von Rhenium(I)-Kohlenoxidkomplexen mit verschiedensten Carbonylmetallaten konnten im wesentlichen 2 Reaktionstypen festgestellt werden. Einerseits ließen sich in geeigneten Lösungsmittelsystemen weitere Carbonylsalze [Re(CO)4L2][Me(CO)nL′] (L2 = 2 CO, 2 P(C6H5)3, o-Phenanthrolin; Me = V, Mn, Fe, Co; L′ = CO, NO) fassen, andererseits wurden infolge einer Redoxreaktion zwischen Carbonyl-Kation und Carbonylmetallat gemäß \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ [{\mathop{\rm Re}\nolimits}{\rm (CO)}_{\rm 4}{\rm L}_2]^ \oplus \; + \;[{\rm Me(CO)}_{\rm n}]^\Theta \; \to \;{\rm L}_{\rm 2}{\rm (CO)}_{\rm 3}{\mathop{\rm Re}\nolimits} - {\rm Me(CO)}_{\rm n} \; + \;{\rm CO} $$\end{document} gemischte Metallcarbonyle mit einer einfachen Metall-Metall-Bindung erhalten. Dieses sehr allgemein anwendbare Reaktionsprinzip lieferte hier die Metallcarbonyle (CO)5 Re—Mn(CO)5, (CO)5Re—Co(CO)4 und deren o-Phenanthrolinderivate. IR-Spektren und Struktur der Verbindungen werden diskutiert. - Natrium-pentacarbonylrhenat(-I) bildet mit Chlorameisensäure-äthylester das flüchtige Carboäthoxopentacarbonylrhenium, das von Chlorwasserstoff in Carbonyl-Kation und Äthanol gespalten wird: Anhand der Reaktionsweise kationischer Kohlenoxidkomplexe von Mangan(I) und Rhenium(I) mit Alkoholaten und Hydroxyl-Ionen wird eine neue Anschauung über die Basen-reaktion neutraler Metallcarbonyle mit Alkalilaugen entwickelt. Als einleitender Schritt wird der nuceophile Angriff eines Hydroxyl-Ions am C-Atom eines CO-Liganden postuliert.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 210-225 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Absolute Intensitätsmessungen im IR- und UV-Spektrum (νC = O-, νC = C- und K-Banden) bringen den Beweis, daß  -  entgegen der Ansicht BRAUDES - konjugiert ungesättigte Ketone s-cis-Konstellation besitzen, wenn die ebene s-trans-Form wegen sterischer Hinderung unmöglich ist.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 64 (1981), S. 2383-2392 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The circular dichroism (CD.) spectra of all-trans-(3S, 3′S) astaxanthin diacetate and its 9-cis, 13-cis, 9,9′-di-cis, 9,13′-di-cis, and 9,13-di-cis isomers conform to the rules previously formulated for optically active carotenoids with a 4-oxo-β-end ring containing an asymmetric C-atom [1]. Thus the CD. bands of the all-trans and the di-cis isomers show the same signs whereas those of the mono-cis isomers have opposite signs. The CD. spectra of all the astaxanthin diacetate isomers invert sign upon cooling to -180°. The CD. spectra of the 9-mono-cis and 9,9′-di-cis isomers and to a lesser extent also those of the 9, 13′-di-cis and 9, 13-di-cis isomers are concentration dependent at -180°, with the longest wavelength band giving at the higher concentration a bisignate CD. curve under the main absorption characteristic of aggregation. This phenomenon has been observed only in isomers with a 9-cis linkage. It is suggested that steric hindrance prevents such aggregation taking place in the other isomers.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 1,2-Epoxycarotenoids: Synthesis, 1H-NMR and CD Studies of (S)-1,2-Epoxy-1,2-dihydrolycopene and (S)-1′,2′-Epoxy-1′, 2′ -dihydro-γ-caroteneThe synthesis of (S)-1,2-epoxy-1,2-dihydrolycopene ((S)-1) and (S)-1′, 2′ -epoxy- 1′, 2′ -dihydro-γ-carotene ((S)-2) are described. The CD spectra of the (all-E)-isomers and of the isomers (7Z, S)-1 and (7′Z, S)-2 are discussed. The comparison of the CD spectra of the synthetic (S)-1 and the compound isolated from the tomatoes proves the (S)-configuration of the natural product.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A detailed analysis of the system Pd + Pb on CaCO3 is presented. This system known as Lindlar catalyst is used for selective hydrogenations of C≡C bonds to C=C bonds. It was found to consist of seven distinct chemical phases. Essential ingredients are solid solutions of hydrogen and oxygen in Pd. The latter phase enables the metal particles to be attached to the support via an orientational relationship calcite (113)∥Pd + O (111). The addition of Pb neither changes the micromorphology of the disk-shaped Pd particles nor does it modify the electronic structure of Pd as studied by chemisorption experiments. The addition of Pb seems to block certain active sites and, thus, to enhance the selectivity. The support was found to be a multi-domain mixture of calcite and aragonite with domain sites of several hundred Å. The free surface of the pore-free solid is covered by a calcium-hydroxide carbonate. This phase as well as several other Pb phases seem to represent only spectator materials. Verification of this as well as finding the correlation between structure and function of the various components requires a kinetic analysis which is outside the scope of this paper. It is demonstrated that a variety of analytical techniques is required to unravel the complex nature of such a ‘simple' catalyst’ as it is Pd on CaCO3.
    Additional Material: 36 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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