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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 337 (1974), S. 818-818 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Chronic Pancreatitis ; Total Pancreatectomy ; Chronische Pankreatitis ; Totale Pankreatektomie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die operative Behandlung der chronischen Pankreatitis bestand bislang in der Resektion mit oder ohne Drainage. Aber selbst die erfolgreiche Drainageoperation am Pankreasgang ändert oft nichts an den rezidiven Entziindungsschüben im Parenchym. eswegen wird an Hand von i Duodenopankreatektomien die Frage diskutiert, ob nicht bei generalisierten Veränderungen am Pankreas eine totale Pankreatektomie der Teilresektion vorzuziehen ist. Moderne Endoskopie und Intensivpflege tragen entscheidend zum Gelingen des risikoreichen Eingriffes bei.
    Notes: Summary Operative therapy of chronic pancreatitis has hitherto been largely limited to partial resection with or without drainage. However, even successful] drainage of the pancreatic duct frequently cannot prevent recurrent bouts of parenchymal inflammation. Seven cases of duodenopancreatectomy are presented to illustrate the contention that in cases of generalized pancreatic involvement total pancreatectomy may be preferable to partial resection. Preoperative endoscopy and postoperative intensive care contribute to the success of these dangerous procedures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Hypercalcemia of malignancy ; Parathyroid hormone-related protein ; Serum calcium ; Parathyroid hormones ; Immunoassay
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Overproduction of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) is a major cause of hypercalcemia of malignancy in patients with solid tumors. We measured plasma levels of the protein by a radioimmunoassay (RIA) against PTHrP(5384) and by an immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) against PTHrP(1–86). Of 16 affected patients 7 had elevated PTHrP levels in both assays and 4 had elevated levels in the RIA only. Median levels were about tenfold higher in these patients when measured by RIA (median of 34 versus 2.2 pmol/1). Measurements from both assays were, however, highly correlated with each other in this patient group (P〈0.01). PTHrP was not elevated in 10 normocalcemic patients with lung carcinoma. During long-term follow-up of a patient with a mesothelioma of the pleura, PTHrP levels measured with both assays decreased during chemotherapy in parallel with a normalization of serum calcium. In another hypercalcemic patient suffering from renal carcinoma, PTHrP measured by IRMA decreased by 40% within 12 h after nephrectomy, whereas PTHrP measured by RIA did not show a significant decline. Direct comparison of the assay results thus pointed to the existence of heterogeneity of circulating forms of PTHrP in plasma. In conclusion, both immunoassays detected elevated levels of PTHrP in a fraction of patients with hypercalcemia of malignancy and thus may be a tumor marker during treatment of malignancies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 242 (1987), S. 347-349 
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 22 (1976), S. 389-392 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-0843
    Keywords: Key words Podophyllotoxin derivative ; Pharmacokinetics ; Pharmacodynamics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  NK 611 is a new podophyllotoxin derivative in which a dimethyl amino group replaces a hydroxyl group at the sugar moiety of etoposide. This results in profound physico-chemical differences: NK 611 is much less hydrophobic than etoposide. Preclinical studies have shown that NK 611 is advantageous in terms of bioavailability and of the potency of its anticancer activity. A clinical phase I study was performed in cancer patients within the framework of the AIO. Additionally, its pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics were investigated. NK 611 was given to 26 patients at doses ranging from 60 to 140 mg/m2 [maximum tolerated dose (MTD) 120 mg/m2] in a 30-min infusion. Plasma and urine samples were collected from 25 patients and analyzed using a validated high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assay procedure. The concentration versus time curve of total NK 611 in plasma samples was best described by a three-compartment model. The overall median pharmacokinetic values were as follows (ranges are given in parantheses): mean residence time (MRT) 16.5 (5.4– 42.3)h, terminal half-life 14.0 (8.2–30.5)h, volume of distribution at steady state (Vss) 11.4 (7.9–18.1) l/m2, and plasma clearance (Clp) 15.1 (3.6–36.4) ml min-1 m -2. The total systemic drug exposure, represented by the area under the curve (AUC), varied between 53.4 and 532.0 μg ml-1 h. The mean AUC (±SD) increased with the dose from 78.7±3.7 μg ml-1 h at 60 mg/m2 up to 202.8±157.2 μg ml-1 h at 120 mg/m2. The mean urinary excretion (UE) fraction of unchanged drug at 48 h after the end of the infusion varied between 3.0% and 25.8% of the total dose delivered. Analysis of ultrafiltrate samples showed a protein binding of approx. 99%. The percentage reduction in white blood cells (WBC) and neutrophils (ANC) correlated with the dose, AUC, and AUCfree. The best relationship between the percentage of reduction in ANC and a pharmacokinetic parameter (AUC) took a nonlinear Hill-type form. The laboratory parameter for kidney or liver function did not correlate with the AUC. The variation of pharmacokinetic parameters within each dose level was profound. The reason for this pharmacological behavior remains unclear and should be investigated in further studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Renal osteodystrophy ; Child ; Metabolites of vitamin D ; Secondary hyperparathyroidism ; Renale Osteodystrophie ; Kind ; Vitamin-D-Metaboliten ; Sekundärer Hyperparathyreoidismus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 1. Durch die Behandlung mit 1,25-DHCC gelingt es nach unseren Untersuchungsergebnissen einen Anstieg des Serumkalziumspiegels zu erhalten, die PTH-Synthese zu blockieren und die intestinale Kalziumresorption zu verbessern. 2. Die Fibroosteoclasie und die aktuellen Zeichen der Knochenresorption können unter der Therapie vollständig behoben bzw. verbessert werden. 3. Bei der Behandlung dialysierter Kinder mit 1,25-DHCC konnten wir eine Verbesserung der Osteoidose in Fällen mit erheblicher Mineralisationsstörung beobachten. 4. Die Zahl der Osteoblasten wird unter der Therapie erheblich reduziert, in den meisten Fällen beobachteten wir Werte im Bereich der unteren Norm oder niedriger. Dies bedeutet in Bezug auf eine Langzeittherapie die Reduktion der Knochenformation mit Gefahr der Osteopenie. 5. Die Entwicklung einer gefährlichen Hyperkalzämie bei gleichzeitiger Imbalance im Serumphosphathaushalt muß streng beachtet werden. Wir beobachteten aufgrund dieser Kalzium- und Phosphatstoffwechselstörungen erhebliche Kalzifikationen im Limbusbereich der Augen. 6. Aufgrund dieser Befunde sollte 1,25-DHCC individuell in niedriger Dosierung nur bei Kindern mit histologisch nachgewiesener schwerer renaler Osteodystrophie verwandt werden, sofern eine engmaschige kontinuierliche Überwachung sämtlicher Stoffwechselparameter möglich ist. 7. Eine Verbesserung des Körperwachstums konnte unter 1,25-DHCC-Behandlung nicht beobachtet werden.
    Notes: Summary Growth arrest and renal osteodystrophy are major problems in renal insufficiency of children. The present report describes our experiences in managing renal osteodystrophy in 14 dialyzed children using 1,25-DHCC for 12 months. Values in plasma of Ca, P, Mg, alkaline phosphatase, iPTH, 25-OH-D, and 1,25-DHCC were determined regulary. Skeletal X-rays and analysis of iliac crest biopsies were obtained in each child. In treatment with 1,25-DHCC episodes of severe but reversible hypercalcemia occurred. Alkaline phosphatase and iPTH normalized completely. Radiographic examinations revealed marked improvement. Histological signs of fibro-osteoclasia and resorptive defects disappeared but there was no recovery of osteomalacia. A reduction of osteoblast population and of bone transformation was obvious. 1,25-DHCC failed to normalize growth in uremic children. In short, neither vitamin D nor 1,25-DHCC can guarantee complete recovery of renal osteodystrophy and growth arrest in uremic children.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Onkologe 4 (1998), S. 1019-1029 
    ISSN: 1433-0415
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Die Chemotherapie ist im multimodalen Behandlungskonzept des kleinzelligen Bronchialkarzinoms (SCLC) ein wesentlicher Faktor. Dieses wird beim Vergleich der Behandlungsergebnisse der 60er Jahre mit denen der aktuellen Standardtherapie deutlich. Mit der Chemotherapie lassen sich die mediane Überlebenszeit als auch das rezidivfreie Überleben signifikant verbessern. Zudem hat die Kenntnis prognostischer Faktoren zu einem differenzierten Umgang mit der Chemotherapie geführt, sodaß heute u.a. zwischen einer rein palliativen Therapie bei fortgeschrittener Tumorerkrankung und einer potentiell kurativen Therapie bei limitierter Erkrankung unterschieden werden kann. Die verschiedenen Möglichkeiten der Chemotherapie sind Gegenstand dieser Arbeit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Onkologe 6 (2000), S. 1098-1106 
    ISSN: 1433-0415
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Die zunehmende Bedeutung der Chemotherapie im Früh- und Spätstadium des nichtkleinzelligen Bronchialkarzinoms (NSCLC) und die gleichzeitig begrenzte Wirksamkeit der First-line-Behandlung erfordern die Entwicklung einer wirksamen Second-line-Therapie. Die klinische Prüfung von Taxotere in Phase-II-Studien an über 500 Patienten hat dieser zwingend notwendigen Entwicklung entscheidende Impulse gegeben. In 2 kürzlich publizierten multizentrischen internationalen Phase-III-Studien konnten die viel versprechenden Phase-II-Ergebnisse bestätigt und die 3-wöchige Applikation von 75 mg/m2 Taxotere als aktueller Behandlungsstandard empfohlen werden. Der vorgelegte Review fasst die aktuellen Ergebnisse der Second-line-Therapie beim NSCLC zusammen und kommentiert schwerpunktmäßig die zu Taxotere vorliegende Literatur.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Onkologe 3 (1997), S. 375-379 
    ISSN: 1433-0415
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Die Lunge steht in der Metastasenentwicklung bei allen histologischen Tumortypen vor dem Skelett und nach der Leber an 2. Stelle [1]. Bei metastasierten Tumorleiden ohne bekannten Primärtumor (CUP) ist die Lunge bei 40% der Fälle mitbetroffen [2]. Als führende Metastasenmanifestation findet sie sich mit parenchymatösen Metastasen oder als Pleurakarzinose bei 10–30% der Patienten [3, 4]. Die Tumordissemination in die Lunge erfolgt vorrangig hämatogen und/oder lymphogen [5]. Charakteristischerweise siedeln sich 80–90% der Metastasen in den peripheren Lungenabschnitten oder subpleural an [6, 7]. Solitäre Infiltrate sind seltener als multiple Lungenmetastasen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 114 (1988), S. 425-428 
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Bone marrow examination ; Cytokeratin antibodies ; Breast cancer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The purpose of our study was to investigate the value of cytokeratin antibodies for identifying bone marrow involvement in breast cancer patients who showed no evidence of distant metastases using noninvasive tumor staging procedures. Bone marrow for histological (biopsy) and immunocytochemical (aspiration) evaluation was obtained from the anterior iliac crest from 50 unselected consecutive women during surgical treatment of the primary tumor. The histological examination was done on nondecalcifed bone sections. The immunocytochemical studies were carried out on interface smears of the bone marrow aspirates. For staining, cytokeratin antibodies (PKK 1) and the immune alkaline phosphatase method was used. Cytokeratin-positive cells were found in 4 of the 50 cases (8%). Of those 4 patients, however, 2 also showed evidence of neoplastic bone marrow infiltration histologically. We thus were able to prove that immunocytochemistry on aspirates is superior to conventional histology in identifying tumor in bone marrow. Nonetheless, our results clearly fell below the rate found in previous studies where epithelial membrane antigen antibodies were used.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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