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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hysteresis variations of (Pb, La)(Zr, Ti)O3 capacitors baked in a hydrogen atmosphere (1999)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 74 (1999), S. 3395-3397 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Baking (Pb, La)(Zr, Ti)O3 capacitors in a hydrogen atmosphere causes a significant loss of remanent polarization even at 150 °C. The hysteresis variations depend on the polarization states during baking. The hysteresis loop showed voltage shifts when the capacitor was polarized before baking, whereas it became a cramped shape when the baking was carried out on a virgin capacitor. Although remanent polarization diminished in all cases, saturation polarization was not suppressed. The clamped hysteresis loop can be described as an average of two loops shifted to positive and negative voltages. The results indicate that the loss of remanent polarization is not due to the suppression of switching, but due to the shift of the hysteresis of each domain larger than the coercive voltage. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.123356
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transparent nanocrystalline diamond ceramics fabricated from C60 fullerene by shock compression (1997)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 71 (1997), S. 3016-3018 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Transparent nanocrystalline diamond ceramics, consisting of a few nanometer-sized diamond crystallites that are unstable in themselves because of higher surface energy, were fabricated successfully from C60 fullerene using a shock compression and rapid quenching technique. The platelets were transparent and very hard, nearly comparable to type IIa diamond. Transmission electron microscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy revealed that individual crystallites had combined directly or through a very thin and modified sp3 carbon layer, which possibly stabilized the nanometer-sized crystallites. The size order and sp3 configuration of the nanotexture caused the transparency and hardness of the present material. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.120248
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Erratum: Nonlinear optical properties of p-substituted benzalbarbituric acids [Appl. Phys. Lett. 56, 718 (1990)] (1990)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 57 (1990), S. 101-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.104294
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nonlinear optical properties of p-substituted benzalbarbituric acids (1990)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 56 (1990), S. 718-718 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A number of p-substituted benzalbarbituric acid derivatives were synthesized by the reaction of p-substituted benzaldehyde with barbituric acid, and their nonlinear optical properties were investigated by using the Kurtz powder test. p-acetamidobenzalbarbituric acid derivatives were found to exhibit the relatively high second-harmonic intensity and have the higher thermal stability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.102691
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of power loss in Ni–Zn ferrites (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 6229-6231 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The power loss (Pcv) was analyzed by combining two methods. The first, Pcv, is divided into hysteresis loss (Ph) and residual loss (Pr) from the frequency dependence of the power loss according to the method of Otsuki et al., and, second, the loss factors are attributed to domain wall motion (Pw) and the rotation magnetization (Prot) by adapting the method proposed by Visser et al. It was found that Pw coincides with Ph in the lower frequency range, but the difference between them becomes significant as frequency goes up. The higher value of Pw, in comparison with Ph in the higher frequency range, can be attributed to the enhancement of loss due to the dynamic motion of the domain wall (Pwd) by raising the frequency. The hysteresis loss dominates Pcv in the frequency range below 500 kHz, while Pwd becomes predominant factor in the higher frequency range more than 500 kHz. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.372663
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Shock compression of powder compacts of CaF2 (1987)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 61 (1987), S. 196-200 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Particle velocity gauges were used to measure the Hugoniots to 30 GPa of CaF2 powder compacts having initial porosities of 15% and 35%. The Hugoniot of the material with 15% porosity is concaved upward over the range to 30 GPa and lies close to the solid Hugoniot in the stress range above 15 GPa. The Hugoniot of the material with 35% porosity becomes an isovolume curve, at about the zero-pressure volume, in the stress range above about 10 GPa. Studies of recovered shock loaded samples indicate that the temperature distributions in the shock-compressed samples were very heterogeneous. It is inferred that the higher stress Hugoniot measurements pertain to a nonequilibrated mixture of the solid and liquid phases of CaF2. In view of this evidence against thermal equilibrium, one may question the validity of the Hugoniot data on the initially porous samples to obtain data on Grüneisen's ratio at high pressures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.338854
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Statistical method for efficient determination of electron temperature from pulse height analysis of soft x rays in Heliotron E (1989)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 60 (1989), S. 2838-2846 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A pulse-height-analysis (PHA) technique of soft x rays is applied to Heliotron E experiments. The primary interest of this measurement is the determination of the electron temperature. Since the number of photons measured in a PHA system is extremely restricted owing to a finite processing rate of the system, it is most important to use the full amount of information involved in the spectral data. The statistical estimator from the maximum-likelihood method is efficiently used for this purpose. The estimated temperature is in good coincidence with the temperature by the electron-cyclotron-emission measurement, which is calibrated by the laser Thomson scattering. A check of reliability of the estimated electron temperature is developed from a statistical test of goodness of fit. The identification of impurity lines buried in a thermal spectrum is also discussed in the spectra accumulated through several or several tens of plasma discharges. The line emissions from Si, Cl, Ca, and Ti are identified. A systematic error in the estimated temperature due to the impurity lines is evaluated. The contributions from Cl and Ti cannot be neglected in the temperature estimation from a spectrum accumulated through several currentless ECH plasmas in Heliotron E. A removal of those contributions to the temperature estimation is successfully demonstrated. The electron temperature with several percent uncertainty is obtained by PHA every 10 ms during a Heliotron E discharge.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1140668
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Visible and VUV spectroscopic diagnostics on Heliotron E (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 59 (1988), S. 1533-1535 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Diagnostic applications of visible and VUV spectroscopic techniques, as applied to the currentless Heliotron E plasma device, are described. Visible spectroscopy has been used to measure (i) ion temperature, (ii) proton-to-electron density ratio, (iii) Zeff by charge exchange recombination from an intense neutral beam, (iv) radial electric field by poloidal rotation velocity measurement, and (v) electron density around an ablating pellet by a Stark profile. VUV spectroscopy has been used to investigate emission spectra due to multiply ionized impurity species. This information is used to measure the densities of these species, and to learn about the transport of these particles. Recently, a flat-field survey spectrometer has been constructed and used to study the emission spectra due to metallic impurities in ICRF-heated plasmas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1140187
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Self-adjustable pre-event pulse generator for shock wave experiments (1987)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 58 (1987), S. 1755-1757 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A self-adjustable, pre-event pulse generator has been constructed for triggering diagnostic and driving instruments before impact in various shock experiments. The preset period before impact is based on the instant of impact and is independent of projectile velocity. A change in the target position is accounted for by a variable clock oscillator.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1139381
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Double-pass high-resolution vibrational electron energy loss spectrometer (1987)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 58 (1987), S. 307-308 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A double-pass high-resolution vibrational electron energy loss spectrometer of 127° cylindrical electrostatic deflection type has been constructed for surface studies. In the direct mode, an electron current at the detector of 1.3×10−14 A is obtained with the energy spread (full width at half-maximum) of 2.4 meV for electrons whose energy at the sample position is 5 eV.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1139654
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