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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of cardiac surgery 4 (1989), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1540-8191
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0930-9225
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Aortenklappe – Aneurysma – Aorta – Prädiktionsmodell ; Key words Valve – aneurysm – aorta – prediction model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Dissection of the ascending aorta (type A) develops in 0.6% of patients late after aortic valve replacement (AVR) and 15% of type A dissections reveal a history of AVR. Predictors of dissection at the AVR, however, have not been characterized.¶   A study group of 33 type A dissections had aortic surgery 49±55 months after routine AVR. A group of 101 controls without morphologic progression of aortic diameters at least 6 years after AVR was utilized to identify predictors of postsurgical dissection. Multivariate analysis identified aortic regurgitation (P〈0.002) and fragility (P〈0.001) or thinning of the aortic wall (P〈0.007) at the AVR as predictors associated with a 14%, 22% and 7% probability of late aortic dissection, respectively. Duration of aortic clamping, types of valve prostheses, concomitant coronary artery bypass grafting and mean ascending aortic diameters of 43±10mm at AVR failed to predict late dissection. A separate analysis of 29 nondissecting aneurysms of the ascending aorta developing 104±64 months after routine AVR revealed younger age at the AVR (P〈0.003) and congenitally bicuspid aortic valves (P〈0.03) as predictors of late aneurysm formation. Aortic regurgitation and fragility or thinning of the aortic wall have the potential to predict late aortic dissection in patients with only moderate aortic dilation. Assessment of these predictors permits intraoperative stratification of aortic risk and may guide decisions for prophylactic surgery of the aortic root.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei 0,6% aller elektiv durchgeführten Aortenklappenersatz-Operationen entwickeln sich proximale Dissektionen der Aorta, und bei 15% aller Typ-A-Dissektionen wurde zuvor ein Aortenklappenersatz durchgeführt. Die retrospektive Analyse von 33 Patienten ergab, dass 49±55 Monate nach elektivem Aortenklappenersatz eine Typ-A-Dissektion vorlag. Um Prädiktoren einer späteren Aortendissektion zu identifizieren, wurde eine Kontrollgruppe von 101 Patienten untersucht, bei denen über einen komplikationslosen Nachbeobachtungszeitraum von wenigstens sechs Jahren eine Progredienz des Aortendurchmessers mittels tomographischer Bildgebung ausgeschlossen wurde. Eine Aortenklappeninsuffizienz zum Zeitpunkt des Klappenersatzes (P〈0,002) sowie eine intraoperativ als dünn (P〈0,007) oder fragil beschriebene Aortenwand (P〈0,001) wurden mittels multivariater Analyse als unabhängige Prädiktoren mit einer 14%, 7% und 22%igen Wahrscheinlichkeit für die spätere Entwicklung einer Aortendissektion identifiziert. Die Dauer der Aortenklemmung, Art der implantierten Aortenklappenprothese, eine zusätzliche aortokoronare Bypassoperation und der Aortenwurzeldurchmesser von 43±10mm beim Klappenersatz erwiesen sich als nicht prädiktiv. Bei Patienten mit Aortenklappeninsuffizienz und intraoperativem Befund einer dünnen und/oder fragilen Aortenwand sollte auch bei nur moderater Aortendilatation ein prophylaktischer Ersatz der Aortenwurzel durchgeführt werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Conclusions Transesophageal echocardiography is a helpful tool to monitore potential complications in patients on ventricular assist devices. Its use helps to define the time-point of weaning in patients with postcardiotomy ventricular failure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 25 (1999), S. 862-864 
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Key words Surfactant ; Lung transplantation ; Reperfusion injury
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Reperfusion injury remains a significant risk factor in the immediate postoperative course after lung transplantation. We report on our initial clinical experience of surfactant replacement in reperfusion injury after clinical lung transplantation. Methods and results: In 31 consecutive patients, lung (8 single lung, 16 bilateral lung) or heart-lung (7) transplantation was performed. In 6 patients, severe reperfusion injury developed and was treated with continuously nebulized surfactant. Compliance of the allograft increased 40 ± 25 % within 3 h following treatment with surfactant. Alveolar arterial oxygen gradient decreased by 23 ± 11 % after 3 h and by 35 ± 20 % after 6 h. Normal graft function was reestablished within 1–3 days after transplantation. All treated recipients were extubated until the 6th postoperative day. The 30-day mortality for the 31 recipients was 3.3 %, the 1-year survival 84 %. Conclusions: Surfactant replacement may become a clinical method for treatment of reperfusion injury after lung transplantation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Aortic aneurysm – Endovascular grafting – Endograft – Endoleak
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The aim of this study was to evaluate the Talent endoluminal stent graft (TESG) in treating abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). The TESG is a polyester-covered nitinol endograft (proximal diameters 20–38 mm and iliac limb diameters 8–22 mm). Twenty-two men were treated with the TESG via bilateral femoral arteriotomies. Pre-implantation, coil embolization of various vessels arising from the aneurysm was performed in 6 patients. Plain radiographs and spiral CT angiograms (CTA) were carried out at 7 days, 3, 6, and 12 months following TESG implantation or re-intervention. Median aortic and iliac diameters were 27 mm (range 20–34 mm) and 14 mm (range 10–19 mm). The corresponding graft diameters were 30 mm (range 24–38 mm) and 14 mm (range 12–20 mm). No patient was rejected purely on the basis of too large aortic or iliac diameters. Eight patients required custom-made grafts. Graft implantation was successful in all patients. There were no blood transfusions, distal embolic episodes, or conversions to open surgery. Re-intervention was necessary in 1 patient. Complications included one fatal myocardial infarction, one inguinal hematoma, and two superficial wound infections. The aneurysm thrombosed completely following implantation in 14 patients and at 3 or 6 months in 4 other patients. One patient with endoleak is awaiting his 3-month control and 2 patients show tiny endoleaks but reduction of aneurysm size. The mean aneurysm size decreased significantly from 58 ± 10 to 53 ± 13 mm (p 〈 0.0005). Due to the large sizes available and the option of custom-made grafts, the TESG helps widen the spectrum of patients who can be treated with endoluminal grafting. The treatment is associated with a significant reduction in aneurysm size.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 25 (1999), S. 1315-1318 
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Graft failure after lung transplantation may occur immediately after transplantation due to reperfusion injury or later due to rejection and infection. Although the pathological mechanisms are not completely known, the clinical findings are similar to the adult respiratory distress syndrome. In this condition, the blood coagulation contact system and the complement system are activated, leading to a capillary leak syndrome. Activation of the contact as well as the complement system is regulated by a common inhibitor, C1-esterase inhibitor (C1-INH). We report on two patients who received high doses of C1-INH for 2 days during graft failure either due to reperfusion injury immediately after transplantation or due to an acute rejection 2 months after double-lung transplantation. In both cases of graft failure, a capillary leak syndrome occurred with pleural effusions of 7 l to more than 10 l per day. In case 1 disturbance of gas exchange during severe reperfusion injury could not be treated effectively with other treatment modalities like nitric oxide ventilation or surfactant administration. With the use of C1-INH, pleural effusions reduced within 12 h, leading to normal graft function within 4 days. In the second recipient, acute rejection forced the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) within 24 h despite immunosuppressive therapy. After administration of C1-INH, pleural effusions reduced from 19 l per day to 300 ml within 3 days of treatment. ECMO was discontinued after C1-INH treatment and the patient extubated 2 weeks later. This experience indicates that C1-INH may play a role in the management of capillary leak syndrome after lung transplantation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 151 (1992), S. S65 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Heart transplantation ; Lung transplantation ; Immunosuppression ; Transplant vasculopathy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Growing experience in terms of immunosuppression, recipient and donor selection as well as organ preservation has established thoracic organ transplantation as a therapeutic option for many children with endstage cardiopulmonary diseases. While dilated cardiomyopathy and isolated myocardial failure represent the main indications for cardiac transplantation, replacement of the lungs or heart and lungs is necessitated in cystic fibrosis, primary and secondary pulmonary hypertension as well as some types of complex congenital heart defects involving the pulmonary arteries. We have performed a total of 20 heart, 4 heart-lung, 2 single lung and 1 double lung transplantation in the paediatric group up to 17 years of age. While with respect to the limited experience worldwide, early mortality after lung and heart-lung transplantation is still high (50%), long-term results in isolated cardiac transplantation using triple drug immunosuppression are excellent (79% survival after 6 years) without major impairment of renal function, arterial blood pressure, growth development and physical rehabilitation as well as social reintegration. Freedom from graft atherosclerosis of the allografted heart is documented over a 5 year follow up, while no data are available on the incidence of obliterative bronchiolitis after lung transplantation in the paediatric group. Despite only limited evidence of long-term dysfunction, diagnosis and prevention of chronic rejection should be given utmost attention to allow for a normal life span in this younger age group.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Internist 40 (1999), S. 764-771 
    ISSN: 1432-1289
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Cor pulmonale ; chirurgische Therapie ; pulmonale Hypertension ; Therapie ; Thrombendarterektomie ; Lungenembolie ; Therapie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Zum Thema Chirurgische Maßnahmen stellen die ultima ratio in der Behandlung der Cor pulmonale in fortgeschrittenem Stadium dar: beidseitige Lungentransplantation, kombinierte Herz- und Lungentransplantation sowie pulmonale Thrombendarterektomie. Die Transplantation thorakaler Organe kommt seit Beginn der 80er Jahre mit immer besseren Ergebnissen zum Einsatz, was wesentlich auf die Anwendung von Cyclosporin als Immunsuppressivum zurückzuführen ist. In dieser Übersicht wird im Hinblick auf die verschiedenen Operationsverfahren über die Indikationen, die nicht wenigen Kontraindikationen, die jeweils notwendige Diagnostik, die operativen Techniken und die Langzeitergebnisse berichtet. Werden vor allem die Kontraindikationen sorgfältig beachtet und wird nur ein selektiertes Krankengut operiert, dann darf man erwarten, daß durch ständig verbesserte Operationsverfahren und Immunsuppression die operative Therapie der pulmonalen Hypertension und des Cor pulmonale eine große Zukunft hat. Hoffentlich wird auch hier kein Engpaß bestehen, wenn wie bei anderen Organtransplantationen nicht genügend Spenderorgane zur Verfügung stehen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-2277
    Keywords: Heart preservation ; Heart transplantation, experimental ; Reperfusion injury ; Warm blood cardioplegia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract At present, many investigations of myocardial function following ischemic insults concentrate on the modalities of reperfusion rather than on the mode of preservation. In this study, we tried to define the effect of reperfusion using warm blood cardioplegia (WBC) after medium-term (3 h) cold global ischemia, as required in cardiac transplantation. Twenty-one porcine hearts were harvested after preservation with cold cardioplegia (St. Thomas Hospital solution) and topical cooling. Normothermic reperfusion with blood was initiated after 3 h of ischemia utilizing a special extracorporeal pump circuit. Twelve hearts served as controls (group A), while substrate-enriched WBC was applied during the initial 20 min of reperfusion in nine hearts (group B). Hearts in both groups were then studied for myocardial function and metabolism under both working and nonworking conditions for a maximum of 180 min. In the nonworking mode, left ventricular dp/dt was significantly higher in group B than in group A at 15 min (2201±785 mm Hg/sec vs 1515±732 mm Hg/sec) and at 180 min (1730±471 mm Hg/sec vs 836±147 mm Hg/sec;P〈0.05). After 3 h, lactate production was significantly higher in group A (371±45 mg/dl) than in group B (108±44 mg/dl;P〈0.05). Creatine kinase release into the coronary sinus was also significantly elevated in group A at 15 min (2807±1478 IU/l vs 1148±1272 IU/l;P〈0.05). Similarly, the hemodynamic data obtained under working conditions in group B were superior to those in group A. We conclude that following 3 h of cold global ischemia, reperfusion with WBC improves myocardial function and metabolism. Cautious application in clinical heart transplantation is recommended.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Transplant international 1 (1988), S. 140-145 
    ISSN: 1432-2277
    Keywords: Cardiac transplantation ; Organ procurement ; Euro-Collins' solution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In distant heart procurement, optimal storage conditions remain to be defined, especially with respect to the electrolytic concentrations of storage solutions. Between December 1986 and April 1987, heart transplants were carried out in 18 patients. After cardioplegic arrest (St. Thomas), the hearts were randomly stored in either Euro-Collins' solution (ECS; n=9) or Ringer's solution (RS; n-9) at 4°C. For the first 24 h postsurgery, atrial pressures (LAP, RAP), systemic (MAP) and pulmonary pressures (LAP), and cardiac output (CO) were monitored. In addition, catecholamine and nitroglycerine requirements as well as the type of cardiac rhythm were documented. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of the period of graft ischemia (ECS, 162±28 min; RS, 141±47 min); the MAP, RAP, LAP, and CO were also similar in both groups. The total amount of epinephrine needed to maintain the MAP between 60 and 80 mm Hg was 10.5 mg/24 h±4.1 mg in ECS compared with 19.9 mg/24 h±12 mg in RS (P〈0.05). Despite less inotropic support, the left cardiac work index was considerably higher in the ECS group (P〈0.05). In the first few postoperative hours, 8/9 RS patients needed either atrial (n=4) or ventricular pacing (n=4) for a heart rate of 90–100 beats/min (bpm), whereas only three ECS patients required atrial pacing (P〈0.05). All other ECS hearts showed a spontaneous sinus rhythm. At the 24th postoperative h eight RS patients remained pacemaker-dependent, as opposed to two ECS patients with atrial and one with ventricular pacing. We conclude that storage of the donor heart in a medium with intracellular ionic composition, such as ECS, is superior to RS (extracellular composition). ECS appears to result in better preservation of cardiac performance and electrical stability of the transplanted heart.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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