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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 345 (1977), S. 606-606 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Talus, fractures ; Talus, dislocations of ; Talus ; Frakturen ; Luxationen ; ErgebniBe
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: ZusammenfaBung Die Indikation zu einer differenzierten Behandlung der Talusverletzungen wird an Hand der verschiedenen Verletzungsformen geschildert. Bei unverschobenen Brüchen ist eine konservative Behandlung vorzunehmen, dislozierte Frakturen bedürfen der notfallmäBigen stabilen Osteosynthese, Luxationen müBen evtl. blutig reponiert werden. Die Indikation zur Arthrodese wird diskutiert. Die BehandlungsergebniBe von 38 Patienten werden mitgeteilt, auf mögliche Ursachen der Spätschäden nach Talusverletzungen wird gesondert eingegangen.
    Notes: Summary Various types of treatment based on the type of talus lesion are described. Conservative treatment is preferred in cases of nondislocated fractures. Dislocated fractures require immediate rigid internal fixation: dislocations are treated by closed or open reduction and immobilization in a plaster cast. Indications for arthrodesis are discuBed. Results from a series of 38 patients are presented. PoBible reasons for late damage after talusinjury are described separately.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 349 (1979), S. 530-531 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Dislocated fractures humeral head ; Indikation ; Operationstechnik ; Nachuntersuchung ; Humeruskopfluxationsfrakturen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Frakturen am proximalen Humerus werden meist frühfunktionell behandelt. Bei einigen Frakturarten, z. B. der Humeruskopfluxationsfraktur, muß die Indikation zur Osteosynthese gestellt werden. Bei jüngeren Patienten ist die T- oder L-Platte die Osteosynthese der Wahl, bei Älteren kann die offene Kirschner-Draht-Spickung verwendet werden. Schraubenosteosynthesen sind selten; die Alloarthroplastik stellt die Ausnahme dar. Die p.o. Ergebnisse werden an 24 nachuntersuchten Fällen dargestellt; die Grundsätze für die Osteosynthese werden verdeutlicht.
    Notes: Summary Fractures of the proximal end of the humerus are treated by early functional movement. Dislocated fractures of the humeral head should be treated by means of osteosynthesis. In younger patients osteosynthesis with T- or L-shaped plates is the method of choice; in older patients open reduction and K-wire fixation can be used. Indication for screw osteosynthesis is rare; alloarthroplasty is an exceptional procedure. The functional results are demonstrated by 24 cases with dislocated fractures operated on; the principles of operative treatment are pointed out.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter: Perilunäre Luxation de Quervain ; Stromverletzung ; Lunatummalacie. ; Keywords: Perilunear dislocation ; Electricity injury ; Aseptic necrosis.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract. We describe the case of a 67-year-old man with an electricity inflicted injury in the left hand and a transscaphoidal perilunear dislocation of the opposite right hand. On admission, the injury was missed on the standard ap-radiogram of the right hand, so the operative reconstruction was delayed. Later on, the lunate showed aseptic necrosis and wrist collapse as consequence.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung. Vorgestellt wird der Fall eines 67 jährigen Patienten, der nach einer Stromverletzung der linken Hand eine transscaphoidale perilunäre Luxation des gegenseitigen rechten Handgelenks erlitten hat. Im Rahmen der primären Diagnostik wurde dieser Befund nicht erkannt, so daß der Patient erst sekundär zur operativen Rekonstruktion kam. Im weiteren Verlauf kam es zur Lunatumnekrose und einem carpalen Kollaps.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Key words: Ultrasound ; Three-dimensional sonography ; Meniscal tears. ; Schlüsselwörter: Ultraschall ; dreidimensionale Sonographie ; Meniscusläsion.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. Die klinische Bedeutung der konventionellen zweidimensionalen Sonographie in der Diagnostik von Meniscusläsionen am Knie wird kontrovers diskutiert. Die dreidimensionale Sonographie erlaubt eine räumlich wirkende Bildrekonstruktion aufeinanderfolgender Schnittbilder. In einer experimentellen Untersuchung an 96 isolierten Meniscen konnten Radiärrisse und Lappenrisse mit der dreidimensionalen Sonographie häufiger diagnostiziert werden. Eine klinische Untersuchung von 60 Meniscen ergab für die zweidimensionale und dreidimensionale Sonographie eine Sensitivität von 92 und 100 %, eine Spezifität von 83 und 88 %, einen positiven Vorhersagewert von 58 und 67 % und einen negativen Vorhersagewert von 98 und 100 %. Insgesamt ergaben sich jedoch keine statistisch signifikanten Unterschiede zwischen beiden Methoden. Der hohe negative Vorhersagewert läßt die dreidimensionale Sonographie für spezifische Fragestellungen in der Diagnostik von Meniscusläsionen als klinisch relevante Untersuchungsmethode erscheinen.
    Notes: Summary. There is no consensus regarding the clinical significance of conventional two-dimensional ultrasound in the diagnosis of meniscal tears of the knee. Three-dimensional ultrasound spatially reconstructs a transparent image of subsequent ultrasound scans. In an experimental study of 96 menisci, radial and oblique tears were detected more often by three-dimensional ultrasound. In a clinical study of 60 menisci the two- and three-dimensional ultrasound reached a sensitivity of 92 % and 100 %, a specificity of 83 % and 88 %, a positive predictive value of 58 % and 67 %, and a negative predictive value of 98 % and 100 %, respectively. Altogether, there was no statistically significant difference between both methods. The high negative predictive value, however, shows that the three-dimensional ultrasound may be a clinically relevant examination for special questions in the diagnostics of meniscal tears.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Key words: Pigmented villonodular synovitis ; Knee ; MRI ; Synovectomy. ; Schlüsselwörter: Pigmentierte villonoduläre Synovitis ; Knie ; MRT ; Synovektomie.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. Die Therapie der pigmentierten villonodulären Synovitis (PVNS), insbesondere der diffusen Form, wird weiterhin unterschiedlich beurteilt aufgrund der geringen Incidenz dieser Erkrankung. Die wichtigsten operativen Verfahren stellen die arthroskopische oder offene Synovektomie dar. Zur Vermeidung von Gelenkdestruktionen und funktionellen Einschränkungen ist die frühe Erkennung der PVNS entscheidend. In den Jahren 1994 und 1995 haben wir 4 Fälle operativ behandelt und in einem Zeitraum von mehr als 12 Monaten nachuntersucht. In 2 Fällen wurde die komplette Synovektomie, in einem Fall die partielle Resektion der Synovia und in einem weiteren Fall die Gelenkresektion und Arthrodese als offene Verfahren durchgeführt. Anhand unserer Ergebnisse ließ sich zeigen, daß das MRT unverzichtbar in der Diagnostik und der operativen Therapieplanung ist. Liegt ein lokaler Befall der Synovia vor, so scheint die partielle Synovektomie ausreichend. Bestehen aber Zweifel in der Einschätzung oder zeigt sich klar das Bild eines diffusen Befalls, sollte die komplette Synovektomie, aufgrund der hohen Rezidivrate der diffusen PVNS, bevorzugt werden. Es zeigte sich weiterhin, daß bei allen unseren Patienten sekundäre ossäre Läsionen auftraten bis hin zur Gelenkdestruktion bei einem Patienten. Daher ist die frühzeitige operative Therapie als z. Z. einzig kausale Behandlung zu empfehlen. Inwieweit arthroskopisch oder als offenes Verfahren vorgegangen werden kann, ist abhängig von der Form der PVNS, dem Ausmaß des Tumorbefalls und sekundären Gelenkveränderungen.
    Notes: Summary. Because this disease is so rare the optimum treatment of pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS), in particular the diffuse form differs in the literature. The most important surgical procedures are arthroscopic and open synovectomy. The prevention of disease progression, as well as joint destruction and dysfunction, depends upon the early diagnosis of PVNS. During 1994 and 1995, we treated four cases of PVNS surgically and followed the patients for a time period of more than 12 months. Two patients were treated with complete synovectomy, one patient underwent partial synovial resection, and in the final case an arthrodesis was performed. Our results indicate that an MRI is essential for diagnosis and treatment planning. For the localized form of PVNS, it appears that a partial synovectomy is appropriate. However, in the event of diagnostic uncertainty or obvious diffuse involvement of the synovium, a total synovectomy is indicated because of the high recurrence rate. In our study, all four patients had disease involving secondary bony lesions and, in one case, joint destruction. Based on our findings, it is clear that early surgical therapy is the only recommended curative intervention. The decision regarding the surgical approach, arthroscopic versus open, depends on the form of PVNS, the extent of the disease and secondary changes of the joint.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Chirurg 71 (2000), S. 1107-1114 
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter: Langer Gammanagel ; proximale Femurfraktur ; Vollbelastung. ; Keywords: Long Gamma nail ; Proximal femoral ; Fracture ; Full weight bearing.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract. The introduction of the Gamma nail (GN) as an intramedullar implant for pertrochanteric femoral fractures that allowed full weight bearing decreased the death rate from 17 % (methods without full weight bearing) to 6 %. The long Gamma nail (LGN) is a logical supplement of the standard version, designed to treat unstable per-, subtrochanteric and segmental fractures. This study evaluated 44 consecutive operations. Seventy percent of the patients had to be classified ASA III and IV, due to their high morbidity. The median age was 73.5 years. Multiple injuries occured in 30.2 %. All fractures were considered unstable. Surgery was usually performed within 24 h. The median duration of the surgical treatment was 120 min. In five cases technical problems were observed. Radiological controls showed a good positioning of the head screw. Early complications consisted of four local wound infections, three of them deep infections with a osteomyelitis. Deep venous thrombosis was observed in four cases, two of which included a pulmonary embolism (conservative treatment). The 30-day death toll was 2.3 % (one patient). The median survival time (using Kaplan-Meier) in the study was 46 months, compared to 80 months in a matched population. This difference has to be linked to high premorbidity. The median duration of admission was 15 days. Mobilisation with full weight bearing was theoretically possible in all cases, but additional injuries or preoperatively impaired walking ability prevented full mobilisation in 15 cases. Functional assessment uncovered a decrease in Merle d,Aubigne score of 26.7 % due to an impaired walking ability. Seventy-three percent of the patients regained their preoperative social status. In conclusion the long Gamma nail is a universal, less invasive implant with high early weight bearing. It thus allows early remobilisation and reduces lethality in the treatment of complex, unstable coxal fractures.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung. Die Einführung des Gammanagels (GN) als einer intramedullären, primär belastungsstabilen Versorgung pertrochanterer Femurfrakturen reduzierte die Letalität von 17 % bei nicht belastungsstabilen Winkelplatten auf 6 % beim GN [13]. Der lange Gammanagel (LGN) ist eine logische Ergänzung der Standardversion zur belastungsstabilen Versorgung komplexer, per-/subtrochanterer und Mehretagenfrakturen. In dieser Studie wurden 44 konsekutive Versorgungen retrospektiv evaluiert. 70 % der Patienten wurden präoperativ in die ASA-Klassen III und IV eingeteilt, entsprechend einer hohen Comorbidität. Das mediane Alter betrug 73,5 Jahre. 30,2 % hatten weitere Verletzungen. Alle Frakturen waren instabil. Der Eingriff erfolgte überwiegend innerhalb der ersten 24 Std. Die mediane Operationsdauer betrug 120 Min. Bei 5 Eingriffen wurden intraoperativ technische Probleme registriert. Postoperativ zeigte sich in allen Fällen eine favourisierte Lage der Schenkelhalsschraube in den caudalen zwei Dritteln. Als Frühkomplikationen ergaben sich 4 Wundinfekte, davon 3 tiefe mit daraus resultierenden Osteomyelitiden. Bei einer Patientin trat bei fehlender Frakturheilung 2mal ein Implantatbruch auf. Tiefe Beinvenenthrombosen wurden 4mal diagnostiziert, davon 2 mit einer Lungenembolie (Grad II). Die 30-Tage-Letalität betrug 2,3 % (entsprechend einer Patientin). Die mediane Überlebenszeit der Patienten betrug 46 Monate nach Kaplan-Meier, gegenüber 80 Monaten einer vergleichbaren Normalbevölkerung (Matched Pair-Analyse). Der Vergleich spiegelt die erhöhte Comorbidität der Patienten wieder. Die stationäre Aufenthaltsdauer betrug im Median 15 Tage. Grundsätzlich war die Versorgung bei allen Patienten voll belastbar. Biomechanisch waren alle Versorgungen belastungsstabil, allerdings verhinderten Mehrfachverletzungen oder eine bereits präopertiv eingeschränkte Gehfähigkeit die Mobilisation unter Vollbelastung bei 15 Patienten. Die Analyse der funktionellen Ergebnisse (Merle d'Aubigné-Score) zeigte bei 26,7 % der Patienten eine Verschlechterung. 73 % der Patienten erreichten ihren präoperativen Wohnstatus wieder. Zusammenfassend stellt der LGN ein universelles, wenig traumatisierendes Implantat dar, das durch hohe primäre Belastbarkeit die frühzeitige Mobilisation sicherstellt und dadurch die krankheitsbedingte Letalität deutlich herabsetzt. Es zeigte sich, daß der LGN zur Behandlung instabiler coxaler Frakturen im subtrochanteren Bereich geeignet ist.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1433-2965
    Keywords: Key words:Bone mineral density – Calcaneus – Hip fracture – Osteoporosis – Phalangeal ultrasonography – Quantitative ultrasound
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Measurements of bone mineral density (BMD) are useful for the assessment of fracture risk in osteoporosis. First prospective studies showed that quantitative ultrasound as measured at the calcaneus also predicts future hip fracture risk, independently of BMD and as accurately as BMD. The aim of this study was to compile a reference population for a new ultrasound device that determines amplitude-dependent speed of sound (AD-SOS) through the proximal phalanges of the hand and to prove its ability to distinguish between health volunteers and osteoporotic patients. In a case–control study we examined 139 healthy women aged 21–94 years and a group of 24 female patients aged 69–94 years with recent hip fractures. In the healthy reference population additional BMD measurements were performed with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and quantitative ultrasound measurements at the calcaneus were carried out. In vivo precision of AD-SOS measurements through the phalanges was 0.52% CV. Simple regression analyses showed a negative correlation with age (r= 70.73, p50.001); modest significant correlations with BMD of the lumbar spine (r= 0.36, p50.001) and BMD of the femoral neck (r= 0.37, p= 0.002) as measured with DXA were shown. The comparison with another ultrasound device measuring SOS and broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) through the calcaneus showed correlation with SOS (r= 0.50, p50.001); no significant correlation was found with BUA measurements. Furthermore a dependency of AD-SOS values in anthropometric factors such as body mass index (r= 0.37, p50.001), height (r= 0.40, p50.001) and weight (r= 0.23, p50.05) was shown. First study results on 24 clinically diagnosed osteoporotic patients, defined as patients with recent (51 week) pertrochanteric or femoral neck fractures, showed a good separation between age- and sex-matched controls and osteoporotic patients (Z= 72.0 SD). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves showed an area under the fitted curve of 0.83 + 0.06. These results are powerful for a device measuring AD-SOS through the proximal phalanges of the hand, and further prospective studies have proven the capability of phalangeal ultrasound in fracture risk assessment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery 115 (1996), S. 38-42 
    ISSN: 1434-3916
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Forty patients (18–89 years old, mean 58 years) with comminuted intra-articular fractures of the distal radial end (AO-type C 2 or C 3) treated with external fixation could be followed for an average of 2.3 years. After 3 weeks, the distraction was released, and after another 3 weeks, the device was removed. Complications seen were one malunion, one radial shaft fracture caused by excentric drilling of a Schanz screw, one Sudeck atrophy, and one subcutaneous pin-track infection. Radial and ulnar deviations were reduced to 52% and 71% of the untreated wrist, whereas the range of motion in the other planes reached about 80% or more of the healthy side. In all, 82.5% of the patients showed good or excellent radiological and functional results. This study demonstrates that external fixation of distal radial C 2 and 3 fractures for 6 weeks results in good recovery for young patients and elderly patients with osteoporosis.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery 114 (1995), S. 335-339 
    ISSN: 1434-3916
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Bone cement implantation syndrome (BCIS) is characterised by hypotension, hypoxaemia, cardiac arrhythmias, cardiac arrest or any combination of these, leading to death in 0.6–1% of patients. One of the mechanisms suggested to explain these complications is diffuse microembolisation of the lungs as a consequence of extrusion of the bone marrow content by the pressurised bone cement. By reducing intramedullary pressure and changing the operative technique, BCIS can be diminished, but deaths still occur. An anaphylactoid mechanism as a major factor in BCIS is receiving renewed attention since increased plasma histamine levels were recently demonstrated after the implantation of bone cement and a prosthesis. Therefore, we conducted a prospective, randomised study to demonstrate the potential benefit of histamine-receptor-blocking agents in patients undergoing cemented hip arthroplasty. Thirty patients were divided into two groups: group 1, the control group, received no histamine-receptor-blocking agents; group 2, the antihistamine group, received H1 and H2-receptor-blocking agents in standard dosages preoperatively. Both groups were comparable concerning age, sex and physical status (ASA criteria). There was no hospital mortality in either group. Thirteen patients of group 1 demonstrated a sudden fall by more than 10% of their blood pressure, level of PaO2 or both. Fourteen patients of group 2 showed similar changes. The mean decrease of blood pressure in group 1 was 14.6 mmHg (SD 36.8) and in group 2 20.5 mmHg (SD 33.43). The difference is not significant (P = 0.65). The mean decrease of PaO2 in group 1 was 30.5 mmHg (SD 30.5) and in group 2 33.4 mmHg (SD 34.1). The difference is not significant (P = 0.81). Overall, we found even a slight disadvantage for patients receiving antihistamine drugs (statistically not significant). Therefore, histamine-receptor-blocking agents do not have a prophylactic potential in BCIS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery 120 (2000), S. 183-187 
    ISSN: 1434-3916
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To improve the technique of intraoperative sonography of the spinal canal, a teaching model of the thoracolumbar spine was developed. It allows to simulate the typical spinal stenosis of a vertebral fracture and the sonographic procedure to detect and measure such a lesion. Moreover, partial laminectomy and modification of a fixateur interne set-up, which are preconditions for successful sonography, can be simulated. Independent of the surgical qualification, a high precision in sonographic localisation and measurement of the spinal canal stenosis was achieved by the training. The results could be validated in the cadaveric model. Thus, sonographic expertise acquired with the teaching model proved to be reliable in the clinical situation.
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