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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Islet cell antibodies and the development of diabetes mellitus in relation to mumps infection and mumps vaccination (1986)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 29 (1986), S. 30-33 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Islet cell antibodies ; Type 1 diabetes mellitus ; mumps infection ; virus infections ; autoimmunity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Islet cell antibodies were investigated in 127 non-diabetic children after mumps infection and in four out of seven children who developed diabetes mellitus shortly after active mumps vaccination. Twenty-one of the children who had mumps and all four vaccinated children who were tested had islet cell cytoplasmic antibodies. In contrast, islet cell surface antibodies were detected in 43 out of 68 patients with mumps infection and in 32 out of 44 patients with other viral diseases. All but one mumps-infected child and all the other viral infected patients investigated did not develop diabetes mellitus. The mumps-infected ICA positive children did not show those HLA-frequencies associated with Type 1 diabetes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02427277
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Proinsulin autoantibodies are more closely associated with Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus than insulin autoantibodies (1991)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 34 (1991), S. 830-834 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Proinsulin autoantibodies ; insulin autoantibodies ; Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The disease association of autoantibodies to proinsulin and insulin was compared in patients with Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus and first-degree relatives. Following the recommendation of the Fourth International Workshop on the Standardization of insulin autoantibodies, autoantibodies were determined by fluid-phase radioimmunoassay using equimolar concentrations of mono125I-A14-insulin or -proinsulin to detect insulin or proinsulin autoantibodies, respectively. A higher prevalence of proinsulin autoantibodies vs insulin autoantibodies was found in 97 patients with Type 1 diabetes prior to insulin treatment (34.0 % vs 22.7 %, p〈 0.05) and in 16 islet cell antibody-positive relatives (43.8% vs 31.3%, NS). There was only one serum positive for insulin and proinsulin autoantibodies in 110 islet cell antibody-negative first degree relatives (0.9 %). None of 88 normal sera contained proinsulin autoantibodies or insulin autoantibodies. There was a close correlation of proinsulin autoantibody and insulin autoantibody titres in individual sera (r=0.95, p〈 0.01) due to crossreaction of all insulin autoantibodies with proinsulin. However, some proinsulin autoantibodies did not crossreact with insulin. Background binding in normal sera was lower for proinsulin autoantibodies. We conclude that proinsulin autoantibodies have a higher association to acute Type 1 diabetes than insulin autoantibodies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00408359
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inflammatory islet damage in patients bearing HLA-DR 3 and/or DR 4 haplotypes does not lead to islet autoimmunity (1994)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 37 (1994), S. 471-475 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Key words IDDM, chronic pancreatitis, islet cell antibodies, autoimmunity.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The hypothesis was tested that islet autoimmunity is induced by ongoing islet cell destruction in subjects with susceptibility genes HLA-DR 3 and/or DR 4. Sixty-one patients with confirmed chronic pancreatitis were analysed, 30 of whom expressed HLA-DR 3 and/or DR 4. Electron microscopy studies in 10 patients showed that the inflammatory process also affected islets, as recognisable from islet cell lysis, intrainsular fibrosis and immune cell infiltrates. None of the sera tested contained any of three markers of islet autoimmunity, ICA, IAA or GAD antibodies. A correlation was seen between the loss of exocrine function, as determined by the ALTAB-test, and of beta-cell function, as determined by the C-peptide response to i. v. glucagon. However, there was no preferential loss of beta-cell function in patients with HLA-DR 3 and/or DR 4. We conclude that islet cell destruction occurs during chronic pancreatitis, but does not trigger islet autoimmunity, even in the presence of HLA-DR 3 and/or DR 4. [Diabetologia (1994) 37: 471–475]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250050134
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Autoantibodies to the islet antigen ICA 69 occur in IDDM and in rheumatoid arthritis (1995)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 38 (1995), S. 351-355 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Key words ICA 69 ; insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; rheumatoid arthritis.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Islet cell antigen (ICA) 69 is a newly-recognized islet cell antigen to which autoantibodies have been observed in prediabetic relatives of patients with insulin-dependent-diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Here we extend the earlier analysis of ICA 69 antibodies to patients with recent-onset IDDM and to patients with other immune-mediated diseases. ICA 69 antibodies were determined by Western blot using an affinity purified recombinant fusion protein of ICA 69 and maltose binding protein. ICA 69 antibody quantities were determined as titres using a titration curve of a standard serum as reference. Mean logarithmic ICA 69 antibody titres were 3.4 (± 1.4) in 99 patients with acute IDDM compared to 2.8 (± 0.9) in 49 healthy blood donors (p 〈 0.001). A higher mean ICA 69 antibody titre of 4.1 (± 0.8) was observed in 16 patients with rheumatoid arthritis in comparison to acute IDDM (p 〈 0.01) and healthy control subjects (p 〈 0.001). The percentage of sera with ICA 69 antibody titres above the 2 SD level of normal subjects was 21 % in IDDM, 31 % in rheumatoid arthritis and 6 % in healthy blood donors. None of the patients with autoimmune thyroid disease (n = 20), inflammatory bowel disease (n = 9) or multiple sclerosis (n = 7) had elevated ICA 69 antibodies. In IDDM, presence of ICA 69 antibodies persisted and the titre remained the same over 18 months of follow-up. The relationship of ICA 69 antibodies to islet cell antibodies (ICA) or insulin autoantibodies (IAA) was tested. The production of ICA 69 antibodies was not associated in diabetic patients with the presence of any of the two other autoantibodies. In conclusion, this study describes ICA 69 antibodies in acute IDDM and finds them to be independent of other islet autoantibodies. In addition ICA 69 is a target of humoural autoimmunity not only in IDDM but also in rheumatoid arthritis. [Diabetologia (1995) 38: 351–355]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00400641
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Autoantibodies to the islet antigen ICA 69 occur in IDDM and in rheumatoid arthritis (1995)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 38 (1995), S. 351-355 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: ICA 69 ; insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ; rheumatoid arthritis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Islet cell antigen (ICA) 69 is a newly-recognized islet cell antigen to which autoantibodies have been observed in prediabetic relatives of patients with insulin-dependent-diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Here we extend the earlier analysis of ICA 69 antibodies to patients with recent-onset IDDM and to patients with other immune-mediated diseases. ICA 69 antibodies were determined by Western blot using an affinity purified recombinant fusion protein of ICA 69 and maltose binding protein. ICA 69 antibody quantities were determined as titres using a titration curve of a standard serum as reference. Mean logarithmic ICA 69 antibody titres were 3.4 (±1.4) in 99 patients with acute IDDM compared to 2.8 (±0.9) in 49 healthy blood donors (p〈0.001). A higher mean ICA 69 antibody titre of 4.1 (±0.8) was observed in 16 patients with rheumatoid arthritis in comparison to acute IDDM (p〈0.01) and healthy control subjects (p〈0.001). The percentage of sera with ICA 69 antibody titres above the 2 SD level of normal subjects was 21% in IDDM, 31% in rheumatoid arthritis and 6% in healthy blood donors. None of the patients with autoimmune thyroid disease (n=20), inflammatory bowel disease (n=9) or multiple sclerosis (n=7) had elevated ICA 69 antibodies. In IDDM, presence of ICA 69 antibodies persisted and the titre remained the same over 18 months of follow-up. The relationship of ICA 69 antibodies to islet cell antibodies (ICA) or insulin autoantibodies (IAA) was tested. The production of ICA 69 antibodies was not associated in diabetic patients with the presence of any of the two other autoantibodies. In conclusion, this study describes ICA 69 antibodies in acute IDDM and finds them to be independent of other islet autoantibodies. In addition ICA 69 is a target of humoural autoimmunity not only in IDDM but also in rheumatoid arthritis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00400641
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Immunpathogenese und Immuntherapie des insulinbedürftigen (Typ I) Diabetes mellitus (1983)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 61 (1983), S. 491-491 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01488715
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Genetik des Morbus Crohn: Untersuchung der HLA-Assoziation bei 169 Patienten (1985)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 63 (1985), S. 747-751 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: HLA-association ; Crohn's disease ; Immunological aspects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Histocompatibility (HLA) antigen phenotypes have been studied in 169 patients with Crohn's disease. The following results could bei shown: 1. HLA-Aw33, -B45 and -Cw3 showed a positive association and HLA-A26, -DR3 and -DRw8 a negative association with Crohn's disease compared to healthy controls. However, when the p-values were corrected by multiplying them by the number of determined antigens per gen-locus, the differences were not significant. 2. Patients with a late onset of the disease (〉25 years) showed a statistical significant negative association with HLA-DR3. 3. Numerous studies revealed no significant association between Crohn's disease and HLA-antigens except Smolen et al. (HLA-B12). 4. The significant association of Crohn's disease and HLA-B12 reported by Smolen et al. could be caused by an increased frequency of HLA-B45 as we found in our patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01733826
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Autoantikörper gegen Lymphocyten (CoCoCy) bei Patienten mit verschiedenen Formen der Hepatitis und Cirrhose (1976)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 54 (1976), S. 227-233 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Lymphocytes ; Autoantibodies ; Hepatitis ; Cirrhosis ; Immunology ; Lymphocyten ; Autoantikörper ; Hepatitis ; Cirrhose ; Immunologie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Seren von insgesamt 282 Patienten mit verschiedenen Formen der Hepatitis und Cirrhose wurden auf das Vorhandensein lymphocytärer Antikörper untersucht. Bei diesen Antikörpern handelt es sich um 19S-IgM-Immunglobuline, die in vitro optimal bei einer Temperatur von 15°C unter Komplementverbrauch reagieren und keine HLA-Spezifität aufweisen. Sie waren in Prozentsätzen zwischen 14% und 48% bei Patienten mit Hepatopathien nachweisbar, wobei die höchste Frequenz bei chronisch-aggressiver Hepatitis (CAH) und die niedrigste bei Patienten mit chronisch-persistierender Hepatitis (CPH) beobachtet wurden. Bei Patienten mit akuter Hepatitis (blander und rezidivierender Verlauf) lag die Häufigkeit des Nachweises der Kältelymphocytotoxine (Cold reactingComplement dependant lympho-Cytotoxins=CoCoCy) zwischen denjenigen der CAH- und CPH-Patienten. Eine Korrelation zum Hepatitis-B-Antigen bestand nicht. Diese Antikörper waren nicht nur bei Leberpatienten, sondern auch in der Kontrollgruppe der HB-Ag-positiven und HBAg-negativen Blutspender in 20% bzw. 6% nachweisbar. Die Serumkonzentration der CoCoCy ist gering. Der Nachweis dieser Antikörper ist weniger von diagnostischem als von pathogenetischem Interesse. Möglicherweise sind die CoCoCy ein „Brutto-Parameter“ für die Immunreaktivität. Sie besitzen wahrscheinlich T-Zell-Spezifität und sind unabhängig von dem spezifischen Antigenstimulus der Immunreaktion.
    Notes: Summary Sera of altogether 282 patients with different forms of hepatitis and cirrhosis were screened forcold reactingcomplement dependent auto-lympho-cytotoxins (CoCoCy). These antibodies are 19S-IgM-immunoglobins and have no HLA-antigen-specificity. CoCoCy occurred in 48% of the patients with chronic aggressive hepatitis (CAH), in 14% of the patients with chronic persistent hepatitis (CPH) and in intermediate rates in the sera of patients with acute hepatitis. No correlation was found between CoCoCy and hepatitis B-antigen (HB-Ag). CoCoCy could be demonstrated also in 20% of the sera of a HB-Agpositive and in 6% of a HB-Ag-negative control group. The serum concentration of CoCoCy is low. CoCoCy seem to be of T-cell-specificity and to reflect the overall-immunoreactivity without relation to the specificity of the antigenic stimulus. Thus demonstration of CoCoCy may be of pathogeneic and pathodynamic rather than of diagnostic interest.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01469130
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prevalence of cytoplasmatic islet cell antibodies and insulin autoantibodies is increased in subjects with genetically defined high risk for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 67 (1989), S. 66-73 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Immunology ; Diabetes mellitus ; Prediabetes ; Islet cell antibodies ; Insulin autoantibodies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The presence of cytoplasmatic islet cell antibodies (ICA) and IgG insulin autoantibodies (IgG-IAA) has been observed in the prediabetic state of type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes (IDDM). We therefore analyzed the prevalence of these markers in sera from 1117 healthy HLA-typed first-degree relatives (1° Rel) of IDDM patients. ICA was determined by indirect immunofluorescence on cryostat sections of human pancreas. For IgG-IAA measurement a competitive solid-phase ELISA was used. ICA were present in 3.5% of 1° Rel vs 0.4% of controls (P〈0.025). The highest frequencies of ICA were found in individuals of IDDM multiplex families (7.7%) and HLA-DR1,3 (5.4%), -DR1,4 (5.8%), and -DR3,4 (6.7%) positive subjects. We therefore conclude that the prevalence of ICA is increased in 1° Rel with high genetic risk for diabetes. IgG-IAA occurred in 9.9% of 1° Rel vs 1.4% of controls (P〈0.01). Like ICA, IgG-IAA were significantly increased in a group of subjects being positive for either HLA-DR1,3-DR1,4, or -DR3,4 (16.5%,P〈0.01). In multiplex families, however, prevalence of IgG-IAA was not increased. In contrast to ICA there was an additional influence of age and sex: IgG-IAA were found more often in siblings (mean age, 16.6 years; prevalence, 15.0%) than in parents (mean age, 44.1 years; prevalence, 8.3%) of IDDM patients (P〈0.01). In brothers the prevalence of IgG-IAA is higher than in other 1° Rel. Only a weak association between ICA and IgG-IAA was observed in subjects (n=810) tested for both antibodies. IgG-IAA occurred in 6/35 (17%) ICA positive 1°Rel, while ICA were found in 6/79 (8%) IgG-IAA positive relatives.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01735654
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    HLA-D typing in 111 multiple sclerosis patients: Distribution of four HLA-D alleles (1977)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 4 (1977), S. 481-488 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Multiple sclerosis patients-111 of them-were typed for theHLA-D allelesw1, w2, andw3 and a new determinant, EI. Statistically significant increase was obtained for thew2 andw3 frequencies as compared to healthy controls. The distribution of HLA-D phenotypes among MS patients revealed a good fit according to the Hardy-Weinberg law. By calculating linkage disequilibrium parameters, theHLA-B7,Dw2 allele combination was found to be more closely associated than in normal controls, whereas forHLA-Bw35, Dw1, no linkage disequilibrium could be detected in the patients' group. From these data we conclude that in multiple sclerosis, the disturbance affects the frequency ofDw3 and the gametic association between alleles of theHLA-B andD loci, as well as the already known increase ofHLA-B7 andDw2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01575682
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