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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A macrophage-suppressing 40-kD protein in a case of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 65 (1987), S. 893-897 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis ; Alveolar macrophages ; Oxidative metabolism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare disease of unknown etiology. Macrophage dysfunctions are claimed to be involved in the pathogenesis. We investigated phagocytosis and oxidative metabolism of alveolar macrophages in a case of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis. These cells phagocytize normally and phagocytizable stimulants cause a normal oxidative burst. In response to the membrane signals phorbolmyristate acetate and aggregated immunoglobulin, however, no stimulated turnover of the oxidative metabolism can be observed. A 40-kD protein found in the lavage fluid mediates this macrophage-inhibiting effect. This phenomenon may contribute to the frequent opportunistic infections seen in PAP patients. It can be concluded from our data that the high frequency of infections with opportunistic species in these patients can be reduced by therapeutic bronchoalveolar lavage. By this procedure the abnormal macrophage-suppressing protein can be washed out of the lung at an early stage of the disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01745499
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Blutverteilung in der Lunge beim obstruktiven Syndrom (1972)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 50 (1972), S. 360-363 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Blood flow distribution ; computer scintigraphy ; chronic obstructive airways disease ; pulmonary hypertension ; Durchblutungsverteilung ; Computerszintigraphie ; Chronisch obstruktive Atemwegserkrankung ; Pulmonale Hypertonie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei 19 Patienten mit obstruktivem Syndrom wurde mit Hilfe der Computerszintigraphie die Verteilung der Lungendurchblutung in den Lungenober- und Lungenunterfeldern bestimmt. Es zeigte sich, daß in signifikanter Korrelation mit zunehmendem Druck in der A. pulmonalis die Oberfclder vermehrt durchblutet werden. Eine Ausnahme bildeten Patienten mit ausgedehnten emphysematösen oder restriktiven Veränderungen. Die Computerszintigraphie bietet die Möglichkeit, durch ein den Patienten nicht belastendes Verfahren, wichtige Hinweise für das Vorliegen einer pulmonalen Hypertonie zu gewinnen.
    Notes: Summary The distribution of blood flow in the lungs was determined in 19 patients with chronic obstructive airways disease. It could be shown that the upper parts of the lungs tend to be more perfused with increasing pulmonary artery pressure. Exceptions are patients with massive emphysematous or restrictive alterations of lung parenchyma in the upper zones of the lungs. The computer scintigraphy provides with information concerning the presence or absence of pulmonary hypertension without great stress to the patient.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01486831
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Einfluß der Blutgaspartialdrucke und der Lungenfunktionsparameter auf den Pulmonalarterienmitteldruck beim obstruktiven Syndrom (1973)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 51 (1973), S. 562-564 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Chronic obstructive airways disease ; Blood gases ; Lung mechanic ; Age ; Pulmonary artery pressure ; Biometric analysis ; Chronisch obstruktive Ventilationsstörungen ; Blutgaspartialdrucke ; Atemmechanik ; Alter ; Pulmonalarteriendruck ; Biometrische Analyse
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 1. Daten von 43 Patienten und 11 Variablen lagen zur biometrischen Analyse von 9 Kenngrößen der Atemfunktionsdiagnostik und des Lebensalters hinsichtlich ihrer — voneinander unabhängigen — Wirkung auf den Mitteldruck der A. pulmonalis vor. 2. Der Pulmonalisdruck beim obstruktiven Syndrom kann zu etwa 52% allein aus den arteriellen Partialdruckwerten für Sauerstoff und Kohlensäure vorausgesagt werden. 3. Weitere 8% des Pulmonalisdruckes werden durch das Lebensalter der Patienten erklärt. Der Beitrag des Residualvolumens liegt bei 5%. 4. Andere Größen als die bei diesem Krankengut gemessenen tragen zu 35% zum Pulmonalisdruck bei. 5. Die Anwendung eines anderen statistischen Models bei einem größeren Patientenkollektiv führt möglicherweise zu einer genaueren Information über den Zusammenhang zwischen Lungenfunktion und Pulmonalarterienmitteldruck.
    Notes: Summary 1. The lung function data, the age and the mean pulmonary artery pressure of 43 patients with chronic obstructive airways disease were examined by multifactorial analysis. The purpose of the study was to find out which of nine lung function variables determine preferentially the mean pulmonary artery pressure. 2. 52% of the mean pulmonary artery pressure in chronic obstructive airways disease can be predicted by the blood gases. 3. A further 8% can be explained by the age of the patient. The residual volume contributes 5%. 4. The analysis shows that 35% of the elevated mean pulmonary artery pressure cannot be accounted for by the conventional lung function data. 5. Another statistical model has to be investigated to obtain better information on the interrelationship between lung function data and mean pulmonary artery pressure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01482470
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Buchbesprechungen (1975)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 53 (1975), S. 936-937 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01468988
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An experimental model for the exposure of human ciliated cells to sulfur dioxide at different concentrations (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 72 (1994), S. 215-219 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Air pollution ; Sulfur dioxide ; Ciliary beat frequency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Mucociliary transport is an important nonimmunological defense mechanism of the respiratory tract. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of sulfur dioxide (S02) at different concentrations on ciliary beat frequency (CBF). Ciliated cells were obtained from 12 volunteers by nose brush. CBF was quantified using video-interference microscopy. The cells were placed on a polycarbonate membrane in contact with the surface of a reservoir filled with RPMI 1640 (bicarbonate buffered) or Ringer's (electrolyte) solution, allowing the cells to be supplied by capillarity. In an exposure chamber the cells were exposed for 30 min to SO2 2.5–12.5 ppm at 37°C and 100% air humidity. SO2 induced a dose-dependent decrease in CBF of the cells cultured in Ringer's solution. SO2 at 2.5 ppm caused a 42.8 % decrease and at 12.5 ppm a 96.5% decrease (8.1 ± 0.24 versus 0.28 ± 0.20 Hz). CBF of cells cultured in RPMI 1640 was reduced only moderately after 12.5 ppm SO2 exposure (7.9 ± 0.26 versus 6.70 ± 0.30 Hz). In Ringer's solution a decrease in pH was observed after 30 min of S02 exposure to 12.5 ppm to a minimum value of 3.6. By contrast, the pH of RPMI 1640 remained constant at 7.5 under identical conditions. After adding RPMI 1640 to Ringer's solution, CBF increased in parallel to the pH to control values (5.0 ppm: 4.64 ± 0.45 to 8.51 ± 0.60 Hz). These data suggest that the highly water-soluble SO2 reversibly eliminates CBF in correlation with a decrease in pH.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00189317
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Deletion of arginine (608) in acid sphingomyelinase is the prevalent mutation among Niemann-Pick disease type B patients from northern Africa (1993)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 92 (1993), S. 325-330 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract There is a high incidence of Niemann-Pick type B disease in the Maghreb region of North Africa, which includes Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia. A hypothesis that there may well be a common, predominant mutant acid sphingomyelinase allele responsible for the type B phenotype in this population has been tested. A deletion of an arginine codon at amino acid residue 608 was found in one patient. The same mutation was also observed in another of our cases. An original screening procedure using 3′end digoxigenin-labeled allele-specific oligonucleotides and chemiluminescent detection was developed and used parallel to the conventional assay with 5′-end radiolabeled oligonucleotides. Of the 15 non-related, non-Jewish North African type B patients studied, 12 were homozygous and two compound heterozygous for this deletion (26 ΔR608 alleles/30 mutant alleles). Among type B patients from other geographic regions (France, UK, Italy, Czechoslovakia), this mutation was observed in only one of the 16 alleles studied. Our results indicate that deletion of arginine 608 in the acid sphingomyelinase gene is the highly prevalent mutation underlying Niemann-Pick type B disease in the population of Maghreb. A varying severity of the clinical and enzymatic expression within the non-neuronopathic phenotype has however been observed in patients homozygous for the mutation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01247328
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular basis of acid sphingomyelinase dificiency in a patient with Niemann-Pick disease type A
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 179 (1991), S. 1187-1191 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0006-291X(91)91697-B
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of sulfur dioxide on mucociliary activity and ciliary beat frequency in guinea pig trachea (1994)
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 65 (1994), S. 325-328 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Sulfur dioxide ; Mucociliary activity ; Ciliary beat frequency ; Mucociliary clearance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of 30 min exposure to sulfur dioxide on mucociliary activity (MCA) and ciliary beat frequency (CBF) were studied in 31 guinea pig tracheas. MCA was measured by recording the light reflected from ciliated mucous membranes using an infrared bar code reader. CBF of single ciliated cells obtained by brushing was measured with phase-contrast microscopy. Each tracheal sample was exposed to SO2 at concentrations ranging from 2.5 to 12.5 ppm, or to air for control purposes. MCA and CBF were measured before and immediately after gas exposure. A reduction in mean MCA of 63% (P = 0.0007) and statistically insignificant changes in CBF (P 〉 0.05) were recorded at concentrations of 2.5 PPM SO2. Higher SO2 concentrations caused a further impairment of MCA as well as a dose-dependent decrease in CBF (P = 0.002). A concentration of 12.5 PPM SO2 induced a decrease from baseline values of approximately 80% in mean MCA and of roughly 70% in mean CBE This study demonstrates a dose-dependent SO2-induced decrease in MCA of guinea pig tracheas. The decrease in MCA was associated with an impairment of CBF only at SO2 concentrations higher than 5.0 ppm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00405697
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acid sphingomyelinase deficient mice: a model of types A and B Niemann–Pick disease (1995)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature genetics 10 (1995), S. 288-293 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Types A and B Niemann–Pick disease (NPD) result from the deficient activity of acid sphingomyelinase (ASM). An animal model of NPD has been created by gene targeting. In affected animals, the disease followed a severe, neurodegenerative course and death occurred by eight months of age. ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng0795-288
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Assessment of local cellular immunity in lung cancer by bronchoalveolar lavage (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 68 (1990), S. 728-734 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Lung cancer ; Cellular immunity ; Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid ; T-lymphocytes ; Surface antigens
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is the most malignant of the pulmonary neoplasms and is associated with a poor local cellular immune response. 16 patients with non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and 11 patients with SCLC underwent bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in the lung which harbored the tumor in order to investigate the lymphocyte surface antigens utilizing the immunoperoxidase technique. Analysis of blood lymphocytes was performed in parallel. 8 patients with previous sarcoidosis in complete remission who underwent BAL and 10 normal blood donors served as controls. Among blood lymphocytes the CD3+, CD4+ and CD16+ cell populations were elevated significantly and the T4/T8 ratio was elevated in NSCLC patients, but only CD16+ were augmented in SCLC. Cell populations expressing the activation markers transferrin (TF) receptor, interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor and the very late antigen VAL-1 were also increased in NSCLC, while SCLC was associated with antigen distributions similar to controls. No differences between the cohorts were seen in the expression of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR. In BAL the population of CD3+ and CD4+ cells were reduced in SCLC and the T4/T8 ratio was diminished in contrast to controls and NSCLC patients, whereas these two latter groups did not differ from each other. The distribution pattern of CD16, TF receptor and IL-2 receptor in the study groups resembled that of cells of the blood stream, but CD16+ natural killer cells were additionally down regulated to control values in SCLC. No differences were seen in the distribution of VLA-1. HLA-DR+ cells were clearly elevated in both cancer groups. In general NSCLC was associated with a shift to higher relative numbers of immunocompetent and activated cells. This was most probably attributable to an immune response to neoplastic growth. This shift was largely lacking in SCLC. The analysis of lymphocytes from the periphery of the target organ emerged as a sensitive tool for the study of cellular immunity in lung cancer and showed many similarities to circulating blood cells. However, the analysis of natural killer cells and HLA-DR suggested a dissection of cellular immune response between blood and lung in pulmonary cancer. A depressive interaction between the tumor and the cellular host immune response may contribute to the exceptional malignancy of SCLC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01647581
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