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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 54 (1989), S. 1573-1575 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Thin films of YBaCu(F)O were deposited on SrTiO3(100) substrates by multilayer deposition from three electron guns containing Y, BaF2, and Cu under a pressure of 5×10−5 Torr of O2. The films were later annealed in a separate chamber under a flowing O2-H2O atmosphere. X-ray diffraction studies reveal that the resulting structure is highly oriented with the a axis perpendicular to the substrate. Scanning electron micrographs show a morphology consisting of an array of orthogonal, interconnecting bars with well-developed junctions. High-resolution electron microscopy and electron diffraction patterns show that these junctions are atomically abrupt and that the associated c axes are mutually perpendicular. These epitaxial films show a sharp resistive transition with Tc(R=0) as high as 90 K. The zero field critical current density, determined from magnetization measurements, is 2.9×106 A/cm2 at 4.2 K and 5.0×104 A/cm2 at 77 K.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: summary  A 28-year-old female underwent orthodontic treatment for approximately 22 months. During the later stages of this treatment, the patient reported right shoulder and neck-muscle pain. In addition, temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) with a ‘clicking’ sound during mastication commenced 5 months prior to treatment completion. Specific medication to deal with these symptoms was suggested by medical specialists, as were some stress-relief methods, although the pain still progressed, and subsequent clinical and radiographical examinations were undertaken by another orthodontist. Right mandibular condylar resorption was observed from both the panorex and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) radiographs. No clinical signs of rheumatic disease were observed, although bruxism was noted. Following the termination of the orthodontic treatment by the second practitioner, the patient was treated with splint therapy 1 month subsequent to which, the previous symptoms of pain in the shoulder and neck, and the clicking sound during mastication had subsided. During the 14-month period of splint therapy and follow-up, new bone growth in the right condyle was observed from radiographs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Epitaxial thin films of YBaCuO have been prepared with (1) the a axis perpendicular to (100) SrTiO3 ; (2) the c axis perpendicular to (100) SrTiO3 ; and (3) the [110] axis perpendicular to (110) SrTiO3. Films were fabricated using a multilayer deposition technique involving three electron guns containing Y, BaF2, and Cu under a pressure of 5×10−5 Torr of O2. As deposited films, which contained polycrystalline and amorphous regions, were later annealed in a furnace under a flowing O2-H2 O atmosphere. X-ray diffraction patterns as well as scanning electron microscopy and high-resolution electron microscopy images confirm that the films are highly oriented, essentially epitaxial. The a-axis oriented film exhibits zero resistance at 90 K and a critical current density of 2.9×106 A/cm2 at 4.2 K while the c-axis oriented film exhibits a Tc of 88 K and a Jc of 0.9×107 A/cm2 at 4.2K; the Jc values were determined magnetically. The [110]-orientation film shows the sharpest transition with a transition width of 1 K and zero resistance at 85 K.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 56 (1985), S. 607-612 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: We describe a four-gun sputtering system which has been used successfully to prepare composition-modulated structures consisting of amorphous semiconductors and superconducting alloys or binary compounds. The substrates are mounted in ovens which can be individually heated to over 1000 °C. The ovens are mounted on a wheel which is driven by a computer-controlled stepping motor. With appropriate programming of the movement of the stepping motor, the deposition sequence is determined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 61 (1990), S. 1436-1441 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: We describe modifications to an Oxford Model TLE 400 dilution refrigerator permitting measurements of microwave response at X-band. Coupling to the cavity is accomplished with a Gordon coupler involving a 1/4-in. access hole and a 1/4-in. dielectric rod running coaxial with the circular waveguide which feeds the microwave cavity. The rod extends through a vacuum load lock and may be removed. A stainless-steel sample insertion rod may then be inserted allowing top loading of specimens directly into the cavity; the samples themselves are attached to a copper fixture, involving a combination of left- and right-hand threads which may be reversibly screwed into and out of the bottom of the cavity. Preliminary surface impedance studies of s-wave superconductors (Sn, Zn, and In) and the heavy fermion UPt3 superconductor have been performed with this spectrometer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 85 (1999), S. 5030-5032 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The giant magnetoresistance (GMR) effects in sandwiched Co/Cu/Co and Co/CuMn/Co structures have been investigated. The GMR oscillates with the spacer thickness for both cases, but is nearly antiphased. With diluted Mn atoms in the Cu spacer, the GMR curve as a function of the magnetic field changes a lot, and the saturation/switching field for GMR can be reduced greatly compared with that in Co/Cu/Co systems. This may indicate one way to obtain a highly sensitive GMR. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 2543-2549 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Sandwich and superlattice structures composed of the high critical field superconducting alloy Nb0.53Ti0.47 (where the compositions refer to weight percent) and amorphous Ge were sputter-deposited on sapphire substrates using a novel multi-sputter-gun system. The thicknesses of both the superconducting Nb0.53Ti0.47 and the insulating Ge layers were varied over a wide range in order to study the two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) superconducting properties of these structures. The observed suppression of the measured resistive superconducting transition temperature Tc with increasing sheet resistance is tentatively interpreted using the Maekawa–Fukuyama theory which incorporates contributions from localization and Coulomb interaction effects. The upper critical fields, with the field both normal Hc2⊥ and parallel Hc2(parallel) to the film, were measured up to 50 kG. Hc2(parallel) exhibited 2D behavior when the thickness of the superconducting layer was less than 200 A(ring). The zero temperature values of Hc2(parallel)(0) were estimated using the Rickayzen formula, which is valid in the regime l(very-much-less-than)(lξ0)1/2(very-much-less-than)Ds (where l, ξ0, and Ds are the mean free path, pure material coherence length, and film thickness, respectively). The estimated Hc2(parallel)(0) peaks at about 400 kG for a superconducting layer thickness of 144 A(ring). This rather high upper critical field, which is considerably above the bulk value of 145 kG, likely has its origin in flux line accommodation within the insulating Ge layers. Since the Rickayzen expression neglects paramagnetic limiting, the true Hc2(parallel)(0) is expected to be somewhat lower; localization/interaction and spin orbit coupling effects are also neglected in this treatment. The situation is none the less encouraging and suggests multilayer superconductors may have a place in high-field magnet technology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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