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  • 2000-2004  (5)
  • 1970-1974  (6)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background, aims: The present study was undertaken to assess the periodontal status of a rural Japanese population and to study the correlation between the periodontal status and the serum antibody titers for Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) fimbriae.Method: A total of 236 individuals were examined for their periodontal conditions by the use of the community periodontal index for treatment needs (CPITN), and serum antibody titers for Pg fimbriae in their peripheral blood samples were evaluated using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results: There was a substantially larger proportion of edentulous subjects in the age group older than 60 years. The remaining teeth were 24.1, 23.2, 11.1 and 10.1 per person in the 40–49, 50–59, 60–69 and 〈inlineGraphic alt="geqslant R: gt-or-equal, slanted" extraInfo="nonStandardEntity" href="urn:x-wiley:03036979:JCPE280311:ges" location="ges.gif"/〉70 age groups, respectively. The % of sextants with a CPITN code of missing sextant (MS) increased towards elderly and reached 〉60% in the age group of 〈inlineGraphic alt="geqslant R: gt-or-equal, slanted" extraInfo="nonStandardEntity" href="urn:x-wiley:03036979:JCPE280311:ges" location="ges.gif"/〉70 years, as the % of the CPITN 2, 1 or 0 sextant decreased. The % of CPITN 4 and 3 sextants did not differ between different age groups and were about 6–8% and 15–20%, respectively. The % of CPITN 1 or 0 sextants was higher in female subjects than in male subjects in the 60–69 and 〈inlineGraphic alt="geqslant R: gt-or-equal, slanted" extraInfo="nonStandardEntity" href="urn:x-wiley:03036979:JCPE280311:ges" location="ges.gif"/〉70 age groups, while the % of CPITN 4 or 3 sextants was higher in male subjects than in female subjects in all age groups. There was no significant difference between various age groups in the mean serum antibody titers for Pg fimbriae. The mean anti-Pg fimbriae antibody titers was significantly higher for the subjects with a maximum CPITN code 4 (max.-CPITN 4 subject) than for the subjects with lower maximum CPITN codes. The antibody titers varied extensively among the max.-CPITN 4 or 3 subjects, but not among the max.-CPITN 2/1/0 or MS subjects.Conclusions: The present study demonstrated that tooth loss is a remarkable event in elderly subjects and that oral prophylaxis and mechanical debridement should be mandatory in the population examined. It was also demonstrated that the serum antibody titers against Pg fimbriae could be useful for screening individuals with moderate to severe periodontitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Determining the chronology for the assembly of planetary bodies in the early Solar System is essential for a complete understanding of star- and planet-formation processes. Various radionuclide chronometers (applied to meteorites) have been used to determine that ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Previous studies have shown that rat peritoneal mast cells and mast cell model rat basophilic leukaemia (RBL-2H3) cells generate intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to antigen challenge. However, the physiological significance of the burst of ROS is poorly understood.Objective The present study was undertaken to investigate the role of superoxide anion in mediator release in rat and human cell systems.Methods RBL-2H3 cells were directly stimulated with anti-rat FcεRI α-subunit monoclonal antibody (mAb). For the analysis of human cell system, leucocytes were isolated by dextran sedimentation from healthy volunteers or from patients, and challenged either with anti-human FcεRI mAb or with the relevant antigens. Superoxide generation was determined by chemiluminescence-based methods. The releases of histamine and leukotrienes (LT)s were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorben assay (ELISA).Results Cross-linking of FcεRI on RBL-2H3 cells or on human leucocytes from healthy donors by the anti-FcεRI mAb resulted in a rapid generation of superoxide anion, as determined by chemiluminescence using superoxide-specific probes. Similarly, leucocytes from patients generated superoxide anion in response to the challenge with the relevant allergen but not with the irrelevant allergen. Furthermore, diphenyleneiodonium (DPI), a well-known inhibitor of flavoenzymes suppressed the superoxide generation and the release of histamine and LTC4 induced by the anti-FcεRI mAb or by allergen in parallel.Conclusion These results indicate that both RBL-2H3 cells and human basophils generate superoxide anion upon FcεRI cross-linking either by antibody or by allergen challenge and that blockade of the generation prevents the release of allergic mediators. The findings strongly support the role of superoxide generation in the activation of mast cells and basophils under both physiological and pathological conditions. The findings suggest that drugs regulating the superoxide generation have potential therapeutic use for allergic disorders.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 32 (2002), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Allergic airway eosinophilia is suppressed by cysteinyl leukotriene (CysLT) receptor (CysLT1 receptor) antagonists in several species including humans and guinea-pigs, suggesting that CysLTs are directly or indirectly involved in induction of the response.Objective We examined the effect of CysLT antagonists (pranlukast and MCI-826) on antigen inhalation-induced eosinophilia in peripheral blood and lung, and on IL-5 activity in serum during late increase of airway resistance (late asthmatic response, LAR) in sensitized guinea-pigs.Methods Guinea-pigs inhaled ovalbumin (OVA) + Al(OH)3 and OVA mists alternately for sensitization and challenge, respectively, once every 2 weeks. At the fifth challenge, the effects of CysLT antagonists and an anti-IL-5 antibody (TRFK-5) on the occurrence of LAR, and blood and lung eosinophilia, which appeared at 5 h after challenge, were examined. The time-course of IL-5 activity in the serum after the challenge was evaluated by measuring in vitro‘eosinophil survival prolongation activity’. The influence of CysLT antagonists on IL-5 activity was assessed.Results CysLT antagonists and TRFK-5 completely abolished blood and lung eosinophilia. LAR was suppressed by both MCI-826 and TRFK-5 by 40–50%. Sera obtained from sensitized, challenged animals 3 h and 4 h after challenge induced an obvious prolongation of eosinophil survival. The activity of the sera was completely neutralized by prior exposure to TRFK-5, suggesting that it reflected IL-5 activity. Increased IL-5 activity in the serum was inhibited by both pranlukast and MCI-826 by over 90%.Conclusions CysLTs produced after antigen provocation sequentially induced IL-5 production from some immune component cells via CysLT1 receptor activation. Thus, it is likely that CysLTs indirectly cause antigen-induced eosinophilia through IL-5 production.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 30 (1974), S. 273-275 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The autoradiographic studies on spleen of rats show — compared with results after cryosurgery on liver and kidney of rats — that local deep tissue freezing induces irreversible cell injuries, but the localized spleen freezing is followed by an exceptionally fast healing process. After 3 weeks, there are no proliferative mesenchymal activities in the granulation tissue 4 weeks after cryonecrosis, only a small scar can be detected on the spleen surface.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 40 (1974), S. 275-279 
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Autoradiograms of sections 0.8–1.0 μ thick of epoxy-embedded, glutaraldehyde and OsO4 fixed lymphatic and hemopoietic tissues were stained with 4% aqueous basic fuchsin at 70°C for 3 min, rinsed well and destained twice at 70°C for 1 min. A 1% methylene blue solution dissolved in 1% borax aqueous solution mixed with 1% aqueous azur II solution in the proportion of 1:1 was then allowed to act on the slide at 70°C for 1 min. The stain was rinsed well off slide and destained also twice at 70°C for 1 min. The preparation was dried before applying a mounting medium (Eukitt) and cover glass. An Eukitt mounting prevented the stain from fading for at least 1 year. The method is simple, rapid and provides sharp contrast in autoradiography with well destained nucleal emulsion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 61 (1974), S. 134-134 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 250 (1972), S. 459-470 
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die viskoelastischen Eigenschaften einer Reihe von Pfropf-Kopolymeren von Polymethylacrylat mit Styrol, die sich im Grad der Pfropfung und damit folgerichtig in der heterogenen Struktur unterscheiden, wurden mit der mechanischen Relaxation im Bereich von Glas-bis zum Gummi-Verhalten untersucht. Das Relaxationsverhalten der entsprechenden Homopolymeren war zuvor in Form von 4 verschiedenen Relaxationsmechanismen festgelegt worden; lokalisierte Relaxation verknüpft mit dem sek. Glasübergang, zwei Arten von intramolekularer Relaxation entsprechend kooperativer thermischer Diffusion von Kettensegmenten im Kurz- und Langbereich, beide verknüpft mit dem prim. Glas-Gummi-Übergang und zwischen-molekularer Relaxation, ebenfalls aufgrund kooperativer thermischer Bewegung von Kettensegmenten, aber über weite Bereiche einschl. der sog. Kettenverhakungen. Das Relaxationsverhalten des heterogenen Systems der Pfropf-Kopolymeren wurde auf Grundlage einer homogenen Spannung sowohl für das System als für die 4 verschiedenen Relaxationsmechanismen der bei-den Komponenten analysiert. Es traten zwei Typen von zusätzlichen Relaxations-mechanismen auf, die mit Grenzflächenphänomenen und mit dem Fließen ganzer Pfropfketten (Abbau) in Domänen-Strukturen zusammenhängen, sie wurden als charakteristisch für das System betrachtet.
    Notes: Summary The viscoelastic properties of a series of graft copolymers of poly(methyl acrylate) with styrene differing in the degree of grafting and, consequently, in the heterogeneous structure, were investigated in terms of the relaxation modulus function in a range from glassy to rubber flow consistencies. The relaxation behavior of the corresponding homopolymers was first analyzed in terms of the four different relaxation mechanisms; localized relaxation mechanism associated with the secondary glass transition, two types of intra-molecular relaxation mechanisms due to cooperative thermal diffusion of chain segments in short and long ranges, respectively, both associated with the primary glass-rubber transition, and inter-molecular relaxation mechanisms due to also the cooperative thermal diffusion of chain segments but in further long range including the so-called chain entanglements. The relaxation behavior of the heterogeneous system of the graft copolymers was then analyzed on the bases of the homogeneous strain hypothesis for the system as well as of the four different relaxation mechanisms for both of the two components. Two types of additional relaxation mechanisms associated with the grain boundary phenomena and with the flow of entire graft copolymer chains after melting (disintegration) of the domain structures, respectively, were investigated as characteristics of the system.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Key words Hybrid titania ; Photocatalysis ; Visible light ; Ru(2 ; 2′-bipyridyl)3Cl2 ; Polymer modification
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract  The preparation and photocatalysis of colloidal titania modified with Ru(2,2′-bipyridyl)3 2+-grafted polyacrylate were investigated. Visible light irradiation of the Ru(2,2′-bipyridyl)3 2+-tethered titania in pH 7.0 buffer solution gave electron transfer to methyl viologen to form the cation radical via electron migration from the Ru(II) complex to the titania surface.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Astrophysics and space science 12 (1971), S. 104-117 
    ISSN: 1572-946X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Cosmic soft X-rays in the energy range between 0.14 and 7 keV were observed with thin polypropylene window proportional counters on board a sounding rocket. The field of view crossed the galactic plane in the Cygnus-Cassiopeia region at a large angle and reached the galactic latitudes of −55° and +30°. Referring also to the result with Be window counters, we obtained the energy spectrum of Cyg XR-2, the flux from the Cas A region and the distribution of the intensity of diffuse X-rays over the scanned region. The turn-over of the Cyg XR-2 spectrum at about 1 keV indicates that the distance of the Cyg XR-2 source lies between 600 and 800 pc, if the turn-over is due entirely to interstellar absorption. The flux from the Cas A region is obtained as 0.23±0.05 photons cm−2 sec−1 in the energy range between 1.1 and 4.1 keV. The intensity of diffuse soft X-rays depends on the galactic latitude more weakly than expected from the interstellar absorption of extragalactic X-rays and shows asymmetry with respect to the galactic equator, thus suggesting a contribution of galactic X-rays. The spectrum of extragalactic X-rays is approximately represented by a power lawE −1.8.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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