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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European radiology 10 (2000), S. 802-805 
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Gastrointestinal bleeding ; Embolization ; Interventional therapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Retrospective evaluation of interventional embolization therapy in the treatment of gastrointestinal hemorrhage over a long-term observation period from 1989 to 1997. Included in the study were 35 patients (age range 18–89 years) with gastrointestinal bleeding (GI) referred for radiological intervention either primarily or following unsuccessful endoscopy or surgery. Sources of GI bleeding included gastric and duodenal ulcers (n = 7), diverticula (n = 3), erosion of the intestinal wall secondary to malignancy (n = 6), vascular malformations (n = 4), and hemorrhoids (n = 2), as well as from postoperative (n = 6), posttraumatic (n = 2), postinflammatory (n = 4) or unknown (n = 1) causes. Ethibloc (12 cases) or metal coils (14 cases) were predominantly used as embolisates. In addition, combinations of tissue adhesive and gelfoam particles and of coils and Ethibloc were used (six cases). Finally, polyvinyl alcohol particles, a coated stent, and an arterial wire dissection were utilized in one case each. Bleeding was stopped completely in 29 of 35 cases (83 %). In one case (3 %) the source of bleeding was recognized but the corresponding vessel could not be catheterized. In five other cases (14 %) there was partial success with reduced, though still persistent, bleeding. The rate of complications was 14 %, including four instances of intestinal ischemia with fatal outcome in the first years, and, later, one partial infarction of the spleen without serious consequences. Gastrointestinal hemorrhage can be controlled in a high percentage of patients, including the seriously ill and those who had previously undergone surgery, with the use of minimally invasive interventional techniques. The availability of minicoils instead of fluid embolization agents has reduced the risk of serious complications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Chirurg 71 (2000), S. 182-188 
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Keywords: Bile ducts, injuries – Bile ducts, interventional procedure – Bile ducts, stenosis and obstruction – Bile ducts, stents and prostheses. ; Schlüsselwörter: Gallenwegverletzungen – Gallenwege, interventionelle Prozeduren – Gallenwege, Stenosen und Obstruktionen – Gallenwege, Stents und Prothesen.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. Einleitung: Hohe benigne biliäre Stenosen, die durch einen komplizierten Krankheitsverlauf bedingt sind oder als Folge einer Operation auftreten, können Bedingungen vorgeben, die eine operative Revision erschweren oder ein hohes Operationsrisiko bedingen. Alternativen zur operativen Revision stellen die percutane Implantation von flexiblen Metallgitterstents oder das Einbringen von Silikonprothesen in das stenosierte Areal dar. Methoden: Seit März 1992 wurden in unserer Klinik 12 Patienten mit benignen Gallenwegstenosen behandelt, von denen 6 einen Palmazstent erhielten und 6 mittels einer Silikonprothese therapiert wurden. Der Erfolg dieser 2 Behandlungskonzepte wurde retrospektiv untersucht. Ergebnisse: Die Nachbeobachtungszeit nach Abschluß der Behandlung beträgt bei der Stentimplantation über 7 Jahre und bei der Behandlung mit einer Silikonprothese über 3 Jahre. 50 % der behandelten Patienten mit einem Stent hatten einen völlig unauffälligen Verlauf. Unter Berücksichtigung einer notwendigen interventionellen Revision lag die Offenheitsrate bei 66 %. Bei den mit einer Silikonprothese behandelten Patienten war während der Nachbeobachtungszeit bei keinem eine Revision erforderlich. Schlußfolgerung: Unter Berücksichtigung der Vor- und Nachteile der interventionellen Alternativen zur Operation stellt die prolongierte, großkalibrige Schienung benigner biliärer Stenosen mit Silikonprothesen (Yamakava) eine vielversprechende Therapieform dar.
    Notes: Abstract. Introduction: High benign biliary stenoses, which can occur as a complication of disease or surgery, may be difficult to correct by open surgery and may also carry a high risk. An alternative to surgery is the percutaneous implantation of a flexible metallic stent or silicon prosthesis at the affected site. Methods: Twelve patients with benign biliary stenoses have been operated on in our department since March 1992, and the therapeutic success was reviewed in this study. Results: Six received a Palmaz stent and six a silicon prosthesis, with a follow-up after completion of treatment of more than 7 years and more than 3 years, respectively. Fifty percent of the patients with a stent experienced no problems and 66 % of the stents remained patent (including one requiring operative intervention to restore patency). No further surgery was necessary in any of the patients with a silicon prosthesis. Conclusion: When the advantages and disadvantages of the various procedures are considered, long-term splinting with a wide-lumened silicon prosthesis (Yamakava) appears to be a promising alternative to surgery for the treatment of benign biliary stenosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1262
    Keywords: Keywords MRI ; Abdomen ; Crohn’s disease ; Inflammatory small bowel disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Conventional enteroclysis remains the method of choice in the diagnosis of inflammatory small bowel disease. The reported sensitivity rates, however, for the diagnosis of extraintestinal processes, such as fistulae and abscesses, are moderate. Computed tomography (CT) is the method of choice for the diagnosis of extraintestinal complications. The anatomical designation of the affected bowel segment may, however, prove difficult due to axial slices, and the applied radiation dose is high. The use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of inflammatory small bowel disease is a relatively new indication for the method; prerequisites were the development of breathhold sequences and phased array coils. Optimized magnetic resonance tomographic imaging requires a combined method of enteroclysis and MRI, which guarantees an optimal filling and distension of the small bowel. The high filling volume leads to a secondary paralysis of the small bowel and avoids motion artifacts. In a trial of 84 patients with histological and endoscopic correlation the sensitivity in diagnosing inflammatory bowel disease was 85.4% for enteroclysis and 95.2% for MRI, and the specificity was 76.9% for enteroclysis and 92.6% for MRI. As none of the abscesses was diagnosed with enteroclysis, the sensitivity was 0% for enteroclysis, but 77.8% for MRI. The sensitivity in diagnosing fistulae was 17.7% for enteroclysis and 70.6% for MRI. In summary, MRI can detect the most relevant findings in patients with inflammatory small bowel disease with an accuracy superior to that of enteroclysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: MR imaging – Gastrointestinal tract – Contrast agent – Inflammatory bowel disease – Crohn's disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The aim of the study was to evaluate the additional findings of MRI following small bowel enteroclysis and to compare the efficacy of negative and positive intraluminal contrast agents. Fifty patients with inflammatory or tumorous small bowel disease were investigated by small bowel enteroclysis and consecutive MRI using breathhold protocol (T1-weighted fast low-angle shot, T2-weighted turbo spin echo). Patients were randomly assigned to either receiving a positive oral (Magnevist, Schering, Berlin, Germany) or a negative oral MR contrast media (Abdoscan, Nycomed, Oslo, Norway). The pattern of contrast distribution, the contrast effect, presence of artifacts, as well as bowel wall and extraluminal changes, were determined and compared between the contrast type using Fischer's exact test. Sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy for MRI and enteroclysis were calculated. Twenty-seven patients had clinically proven Crohn's disease and two patients surgically proven small bowel tumours. Magnetic resonance imaging had important additional findings as abscesses and fistulae in 20 patients. Surgically compared sensitivities were 100 and 0 % for MRI and enteroclysis, for the detection of abscesses, and 83.3 and 17 % for the diagnosis of fistulae, respectively. Bowel wall thickening was more reliably detected with use of positive oral contrast media without intravenous enhancement (p 〈 0.001), whereas postcontrast negative oral contrast media allow for a superior detection (p 〈 0.001). T2-weighted sequences were necessary with use of negative oral contrast media, because loop abscesses may be masked. Magnetic resonance imaging should be performed in all patients with suspicion of extraintestinal complications, because the complications are more reliably detected by MRI. Negative oral contrast media show advantages with the use of intravenous contrast but can mask loop abscesses using only T1-weighted imaging.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Papilloma ; Breast ; MRM ; Galactography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The aim of this study was evaluation of MRI alone and in combination with mammography and galactography in the diagnosis of intraductal papillomas. From 1994 to 1998, a total of 48 women presenting with pathologic mammary secretion underwent galactography and magnetic resonance mammography (MRM). Thirty-five patients aged 16–71 years (average age 46 years) subsequently underwent surgery or diagnostic puncture and the histologic findings were compared with the results of the radiologic examination. Histology revealed papillomas in 16 cases. In 6 of these patients, there was associated malignant degeneration. Malignancy without associated papilloma was observed in 3 cases. Galactography displayed a sensitivity of 94 % and a specificity of 79 % with five false-positive findings and one false-negative finding in the recognition of intraductal papillomas. Malignant processes were detected by mammography/galactography in only one instance. Magnetic resonance mammography visualized pathologic contrast medium uptake in 8 of 9 cases of malignant disease (sensitivity 89 %). One patient with in situ ductal carcinoma escaped detection with MRM. Papillomas showed no or below-the-threshold-lying contrast uptakes with no specific sign suggestive of papilloma. Galactography in combination with mammography remains the primary diagnostic procedure in cases of pathologic mammary secretion or suspected papilloma. The addition of MRI permits exclusion of malignant disease with a high degree of certainty; thus, expectant management in individual cases with negative findings appears justified.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-2102
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter A. ischiadica ; Aneurysma ; Thrombolyse ; Angiographie ; Keywords Sciatic artery ; Aneurysm ; Thrombolysis ; Angiography ; Stentgraft
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract The sciatic artery is a rarely seen variant of the vessels of the lower limb. Anatomically it is the prolongation of the inferior gluteal artery and accompanies the sciatic nerve from the sciatic foramen to the knee. More than other vessels, the sciatic artery shows vasculopathies like diffuse dilatation or aneurysms. This report describes an interesting case of embolic acute ischemia, caused by a persistent sciatic artery with an aneurysm. We treated the ischemia with intraA. l lysis and bridged the aneurysm with an covered stent.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die A. ischiadica ist eine selten zu findende anatomische Variante des Gefäßsystems der unteren Extremität. Anatomisch entspricht die A. ischiadica einer Verlängerung der A. glutea inferior und begleitet den N. ischiadicus ab dem Foramen ischiadicum bis zum Knie, wo sie in die Unterschenkelarterien mündet und zu den muskelversorgenden Arterien gehört. Die A. ischiadica neigt aufgrund eines minderwertigen Gefäßaufbaus zu Vaskulopathien. Insbesondere aneurysmale Dilatationen der A. ischiadica sind mit einer hohen Inzidenz beschrieben worden. Der vorliegende Fallbericht beschreibt den interessanten Fall einer akuten Ischämie im Bereich des Unterschenkels, ausgelöst durch Thromben aus einer aneurysmatisch veränderten A. ischiadica. Die akute Ischämie wurde erfolgreich durch eine intraarterielle Lyse behandelt. Das Aneurysma wurde sekundär durch eine beschichtete Stentprothese ausgeschaltet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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