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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Letter to the editor (1995)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 425 (1995), S. 647-648 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00199355
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Response of pig lung to irradiation with accelerated 12C-ions (1999)
    Springer
    Radiation and environmental biophysics 38 (1999), S. 185-194 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2099
    Keywords: Key words Normal tissue ; Minipig ; Lung ; Heavy particles ; Carbon ionsIntroduction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract  The response of pig lungs to irradiation with 12C-ions was assessed in two experiments to validate the procedures for heavy ion therapy planning at the Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung (GSI) and to explore their range of applicability. In both experiments, the target volume (spread-out Bragg peak, SOBP) was planned to be a 4 cm long cylinder with a diameter of 4 cm. Doses in the SOBP were prescribed to be equivalent to 5×4 Gy, 5×5.5 Gy and 5×7 Gy of x-rays in the first experiment, and to 5 fractions of 7 Gy and 9 Gy in the second experiment. The lung response in the first experiment was less than expected on the basis of earlier experiments with photons. Pneumonitis reaction and chronic fibrotic changes were observed outside the prescribed high-dose region. In the second experiment, the effects were more pronounced than had been expected on the basis of the first experiment. Changes were most intense in the high-dose region, but were also seen throughout the lung along the beam channel. Moreover, significant skin reactions were observed at the beam entrance site in all animals and – less pronounced – at the beam exit site in 3 of the 6 animals. In conclusion, the complex irradiation geometry of the pig lung, the changes of body weight between the two experiments, and insufficient accounting for a change in the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) computation led to substantial deviations of the observed reactions from expectations, the reasons for which could be identified in a subsequent analysis. The less pronounced lung reaction in the first experiment was due to an overestimation of RBE in a preliminary version of the algorithm for its determination. The extension of the fibrotic reaction resulted from the smear-out of the high-dose region due to density variations in tissue structures, respiratory movement, and limited positioning accuracy. The skin reactions at the entrance port reflect the different treatment geometry in the two experiments. The one unexplained observation is the mild skin reaction that was observed in the second experiment at the beam exit site.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004110050154
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Late Cadomian crustal tilting and Cambrian transtension in the Teplá–Barrandian unit (Bohemian Massif, Central European Variscides) (1997)
    Springer
    Geologische Rundschau 86 (1997), S. 571-584 
    Details
    ISSN: 0016-7835
    Keywords: Key words Teplá ; Barrandian ; Cadomian orogeny ; Variscides ; Bohemian Massif ; Barrovian-type metamorphism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract  The Cadomian basement of the Teplá–Barrandian unit is characterized by a classic Barrovian-type metamorphism, the degree of which increases considerably towards the west reaching amphibolite facies conditions in the Domaz˘lice crystalline complex (DCC). The number and volume of plutons also increases towards the west. The emplacement ages of the Te˘s˘ovice granite and the Mrac˘nice trondhjemite have been determined at 521.7±2 Ma and 523+4/–5 Ma, respectively, applying conventional U–Pb analyses of zircons. Pervasive high-temperature prolate fabrics and north-/northwest-dipping, dextral oblique-slip shear zones within the Mrac˘nice trondhjemite suggest a synkinematic melt emplacement within a Lower Cambrian transtensional setting. Transtension is probably related to early-stage rifting that introduced the separation of the Teplá–Barrandian unit (as part of Armorica) from Gondwana. Structural and petrological data of the country rocks show that the Barrovian-type metamorphism and two deformation stages (D1 with unknown kinematics and D2 top-to-the-north shearing) are older than the melt emplacement, and thus can be attributed to the Cadomian orogeny. The intrusion depth of both plutons is nearly the same (ca. 7 km), although the degree of Barrovian-type metamorphism differs significantly within the country rocks. This suggests late Cadomian eastward tilting of the metamorphic isograd planes. The weak post-plutonic, lower-greenschist to subgreenschist facies folding and thrusting result from Variscan northwest/southeast compression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005310050164
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Accretion and exhumation at a Variscan active margin, recorded in the Saxothuringian flysch (1997)
    Springer
    Geologische Rundschau 86 (1997), S. 599-611 
    Details
    ISSN: 0016-7835
    Keywords: Key words Variscan belt ; Geodynamic evolution ; Exhumation history ; Saxothuringian ; Flysch ; U/Pb- and K/Ar age determinations ; Detrital minerals
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract  The Saxothuringian flysch basin, on the north flank of the Central European Variscides, was fed and eventually overthrust by the northwestern, active margin of the Tepla-Barrandian terrane. Clast spectra, mineral composition and isotopic ages of detrital mica and zircon have been analyzed in order to constrain accretion and exhumation of rocks in the orogenic wedge. The earliest clastic sediments preserved are of early Famennian age (ca. 370 Ma). They are exposed immediately to the NW of the suture, and belong to the par-autochthon of the foreland. Besides ultramafic (?ophiolite) material, these rocks contain clasts derived from Early Paleozoic continental slope sediments, originally deposited at the NW margin of the Saxothuringian basin. These findings, together with the paleogeographic position of the Famennian clastics debris on the northwestern passive margin, indicate that the Saxothuringian narrow ocean had been closed by that time. Microprobe analyses of detrital hornblendes suggest derivation from the “Randamphibolit” unit, now present in the middle part of the Saxothuringian allochthon (Münchberg nappes). Detrital zircons of metamorphic rocks formed a little earlier (ca. 380 Ma) indicate rapid recycling at the tectonic front. The middle part of the flysch sequence (ca. early to middle Viséan), both in the par-autochthon and in the allochthon, contains abundant clasts of Paleozoic rocks derived from the northwestern slope and rise, together with debris of Cadomian basement, 500-Ma granitoids and 380 Ma (early Variscan) crystalline rocks. All of these source rocks were still available in the youngest part of the flysch (c. middle to late Viséan), but some clasts record, in addition, accretion of the northwestern shelf. Our findings permit deduction of minimum rates of tectonic shortening well in excess of 10–30 mm per year, and rates of exhumation of ca. 3 mm/a, and possibly more.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005310050166
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