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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Hautarzt 46 (1995), S. 421-424 
    ISSN: 1432-1173
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Laser-Doppler-Flux ; Kutane Mikrozirkulation ; Morphaea ; Zirkumskripte Sklerodermie ; Therapiekontrolle ; Key words Laser-Doppler flux ; Microcirculation of the skin ; Morphoea ; Circumscribed scleroderma ; Control of therapy results
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A 38-year-old male patient presented with circumscribed scleroderma (10×12 cm) in the left pectoral area. Hyperaemia of the skin in the area of the lilac ring (morphoea) was quantified by means of Laser-Doppler flux (LDF). At the lilac border of the morphoea LDF was increased to 420% of the reference value recorded for the unaffected skin of the contralateral side. Immediately after 13 days of antibiotic therapy (3×10 Mega penicillin G per day, i.v.) LDF normalized, though clinical changes were hardly apparent at this stage. By 6 months later, LDF was still in the normal range, and clinical signs, such as induration and hyperaemic redness, had also significantly improved. LDF measurements allow assessment of the therapeutic response to antibiotic therapy at a very early stage while the clinical situation is still unchanged.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Wir berichten über einen 38jährigen Patienten mit zirkumskripter Sklerodermie (CS) und einem linkspektoralen Morphaea-Herd. Der Rückgang einer entzündlich gesteigerten Mehrdurchblutung im Areal des Lilac-Rings wurde durch wiederholte Messungen des Laser-Doppler-Flux (LDF) unter Therapie objektiviert. Unmittelbar vor Therapiebeginn sowie am letzten Behandlungstag und nach weiteren 6 Monaten wurde der Laser-Doppler-Flux an denselben Hautarealen im entzündlichen Randbereich, im Zentrum des Morphaea-Herdes sowie im Gesunden rechtspektoral bestimmt. Vor Antibiose fand sich im Lilac-Ring eine auf 420% – im Vergleich zum gesunden rechtspektoralen Referenzareal – gesteigerte Fluxmotion. Nach 13tägiger Therapie mit Penicillin G (3×10 Mega i.v.d) kam es zu einer Normalisierung der pathologisch erhöhten Meßwerte, während klinische Veränderungen zu diesem Zeitpunkt kaum erkennbar waren. Erst 6 Monate später – die LDF-Werte waren immer noch im Bereich der Vergleichswerte gesunder Haut – war klinisch eine deutliche Rückläufigkeit von Induration und Erythem sichtbar. Mit Laser-Doppler-Flux-Messungen kann frühzeitig, bevor klinisch eine Verbesserung diagnostiziert werden kann, das therapeutische Ansprechen nachgewiesen werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective To study the influence of compression on the haemodynamics o the deep venous system in pregnancy.Design A prospective, observational studySetting The phlebological unit of the department of dermatology at a university hospital.Population Fifteen pregnant women with no previous signs of chronic venous insufficiency.Methods Parameters of the venous pump function were assessed by strain-gauge plethysmography. Blood flow velocity, flow volume and vessel diameter in the superficial femoral vein were measured by duplex sonography. All examinations were performed with and without applied compression stockings (25–32 mmHg) at two different stages of gestation and after delivery. In addition, subjective symptoms were graded.Results Venous pump function improved and refilling time lengthened significantly when compression was used during gestation and postnatally. Duplex sonography showed an increase in blood flow velocity and flow volume in the superficial femoral vein with applied compression; the vessel diameter increased slightly. Subjective symptoms of the leg, graded on an arbitrary scale, were reduced by regular compression therapy.Conclusion Our results indicate that compression improves the clinical symptoms of venous congestion and the venous haemodynamics of the legs during pregnancy and in the postpartum period. Thus, the regular use of compression during pregnancy and the puerperium may reduce the incidence of thromboembolic events.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1173
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Diagnostik ; Farbkodierte Duplexsonographie ; Fingerarterien ; Morbus Raynaud ; Key words Colour coded duplex Sonography ; Diagnosis ; Finger arteries ; Raynaud’s phenomenon
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary By means of modern color-coded duplex sonography (CCDS) even very small vessels can be visualized. Maximum resolution nowadays is about 0.5 mm diameter of the vessel. We compared the use of CCDS and angiography in studying of acral perfusion. Besides morphologic criteria, hemodynamic criteria were recorded. Arteries in healthy fingers appear as long and straight vessels with a clearly defined border. The physiological maximal blood flow velocity exceded 20 cm/s. CCDS revealed tortuosity of finger arteries as typical finding in thrombangiitis obliterans. Segmental stenosis can either be identified morphologically or quantified by measurement of the flow velocity with poststenotic maximal systolic velocities of less than 20 cm/s or by the acceleration of the blood flow within the stenosis, as proven by angiographic examinations. CCDS is suitable for evaluation of acral perfusion in patients suffering from secondary Raynaud’s syndrome. Apart from diagnosis of disturbed acral circulation, other possible applications of CCDS are in in the surgical field, for example replantations in hand or finger surgery.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Mittels Farbduplexsonographie (FKDS) lassen sich Dank moderner Technik auch kleinste Gefäße darstellen. Die derzeitige Grenze liegt bei ca. 0,5 mm Gefäßdurchmesser [4]. Anhand der vorliegenden Untersuchungen sollen exemplarisch die Möglichkeiten der FKDS zur Beurteilung der akralen Gefäße im Vergleich zur Angiographie demonstriert werden. Erfaßt wurden neben morphologischen auch hämodynamische Kriterien. Bei Gesunden stellen sich die Fingerarterien über einen geraden langen Verlauf mit gut abgrenzbarer Randbegrenzung dar. Es finden sich maximale Fließgeschwindigkeiten von in der Regel über 20 cm/s. Geschlängelt verlaufende Gefäße wie bei der Thrombangiitis obliterans lassen sich farbduplexsonographisch detailliert darstellen, dies konnte angiographisch bestätigt werden. Segmentale Stenosen lassen sich einerseits morphologisch erkennen, als auch durch die Messung der maximalen Fließgeschwindigkeiten mit poststenotischen systolischen Geschwindigkeiten von 〈20 cm/s sowie mit Geschwindigkeitsbeschleunigungen innerhalb der Stenose quantifizieren. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, daß die FKDS sich zur Beurteilung der akralen Gefäße bei Patienten mit sekundärem Raynaud-Phänomen eignet. Die Anwendungsgebiete liegen neben der Diagnostik akraler Durchblutungsstörungen auch im operativen Bereich bei Replantierungen in der Hand- und Fingerchirurgie.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1173
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Arthrogenes Stauungssyndrom ; Chronische Veneninsuffizienz ; Gefäßsport ; Gelenkbeweglichkeit ; Ulcus cruris ; Muskelpumpe ; Key words Arthrogenic congestive syndrome ; Chronic venous insufficiency ; Physical exercise training ; Ankle joint mobility ; Calf muscle pump ; Venous ulcer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary In 33 patients with chronic venous incompetence (CVI) caused by primary varicoses or postthrombotic syndrome stage I–III (according to Widmer) the therapeutic benefit of 6 months of medically supervised physical exercise training was documented. During the training penud there was an improvement in subjective complains such as pain and tendency for edema in the legs. Mobility in the upper ankle joint was improved asuss as venous drainage function. Clinical benefit was achieved in the reduction of ulcer size; 7 of 10 ulcers completely healed. Medically supervised physical exercise training and optimized compression therapy are basic therapeutic approaches in conservative treatment in chronic venous insufficiency. Costs are covered by the patient’s health insurance company in Germany, as long as the exercise training is medically supervised.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In einer klinischen Untersuchung bei 33 Patienten mit chronischer Veneninsuffizienz aufgrund primärer Varikose oder eines postthrombotischen Syndroms in den klinischen Stadien I bis III nach Widmer konnte der Therapieerfolg eines halbjährigen krankheitsspezifischen ambulanten Bewegungstrainings dokumentiert werden. Während des Trainings kam es zu einer deutlichen Besserung stauungsbedingter subjektiver Beschwerden wie Schmerzen und Ödemneigung sowie zu einer Verbesserung von Sprunggelenkbeweglichkeit und venöser Abpumpleistung. Der klinische Erfolg zeigte sich in einer kompletten Abheilung venöser Ulzera bei 7 von 10 Patienten. In Verbindung mit einer optimierten Kompressionstherapie stellt die Gefäßsporttherapie eine effiziente und kostengünstige Basistherapie bei der CVI dar. Auf der Grundlage des novellierten Deutschen Behindertensportabkommens aus dem Jahre 1994 werden die Kosten von den gesetzlichen Krankenkassen getragen, solange das Training unter qualifizierter Anleitung indiziert ist.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1173
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Chronische Veneninsuffizienz ; Kutane Mikrozirkulation ; Niederfrequenter gepulster Strom ; Ulcus cruris ; Key words Chronic venous insufficiency ; Cutaneous microcirculation ; Low frequency pulsed current ; Venous leg ulcer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is characterised by stage-dependent microangiopathy. With increasing severity there is a decrease in the number of skin capillaries and the oxygen partial pressure. The cutaneous vascular reserve, which is measured by laser-doppler fluxmetry, is reduced. Cutaneous microangiopathy is one of the main causes of the trophic disturbances associated with CVI. Low frequency pulsed current improves cutaneous microcirculation and thus nutrition as well as accelerating the formation of granulation tissue. In a open prospective pilot study, 15 patients suffering from CVI with persistent leg ulcers were treated with low frequency pulsed current (Dermapulse), which is thought to improve particularly the tissue microcirculation. The average age of the patients was 70.3 years and the average duration of ulceration was 79.1 months. The patients were treated over a period of 38 days. With this treatmen, 2 ulcers healed completely and 13 showed a reduction of size of on average 63%. Capillary density increased by 43.5%, while transcutaneous oxygen partial pressure increased by 82.4%. Electrostimulation is a treatment with few or no side effects.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die chronische Veneninsuffizienz (CVI) ist gekennzeichnet durch eine stadienabhängige Mikroangiographie. Mit zunehmendem Schweregrad verringern sich die Anzahl der Hautkapillaren, der Sauerstoffpartialdruck und die kutane vaskuläre Reserve, die durch den Laser-Doppler-Flux gemessen wird, nehmen ab. Diese kutane Mikroangiographie gehört zu den Hauptursachen für die bei der CVI auftretenden trophischen Störungen. Die Therapie mit niederfrequentem gepulstem Strom verbessert die kutane Mikrozirkulation bzw. Nutrition und beschleunigt die Ausbildung von Granulationsgewebe. Die klinische Wertigkeit dieses Therapieprinzipes zur Behandlung chronisch venöser Beinulzera wurde in einer offenen prospektiven Pilotstudie evaluiert. Es wurden 15 Patienten mit niederfrequentem gepulstem Strom (Dermapulse) behandelt. Das mittlere Alter betrug 70,3 Jahre. Bei einer durchschnittlichen Ulkusdauer von 79,1 Monaten wurden die Patienten über eine Zeitdauer von 38 Tagen im Rahmen einer Anwendungsstudie behandelt. Unter dieser Behandlung zeigte sich bei 2 Patienten eine Ulkusabheilung, bei 13 Patienten eine Ulkusverkleinerung um 63%. Die Kapillardichte nahm um 43,5% zu, der transkutane Sauerstoffpartialdruck stieg um 82,4%. Die Elektrostimulationsbehandlung erwies sich dabei als nebenwirkungsarme Behandlungsmethode.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: Mice ; ultrasonic calls ; infants ; individual differences ; signatures
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Infant house mice, Mus musculus, produce ultrasonic calls that reliably lead to retrieval by adult mice. While individual differences in calls have been demonstrated both among and within species, the influences of age and sex on call characteristics have not been systematically investigated in mice. This study examined the influences of age, sex, and genotype (inbred versus hybrid) on the rate, length, and frequency characteristics of the calls of 486 male and female mice from 2 to 12 days of age. Rate of calling followed a shallow inverted U-shaped function across days. Call lengths decreased and call frequency characteristics increased, in a linear manner, with age. Females emitted fewer calls, with a smaller bandwidth, at some ages than males. Hybrid pups produced more calls of greater length and a lower frequency than inbred pups. These results indicate the presence of cues that could allow adult mice to behave differentially toward pups as a function of their age and sex.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 26 (1996), S. 463-470 
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: Mice ; agonistic behavior ; aggression ; homogeneous set ; standard tester ; social behavior
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Though social behavior has not been overlooked by behavior geneticists, the number of studies is small when compared to those on individual traits. One reason for the neglect may be the difficulty of making connections between genes and social behaviors, which by definition involve the interaction of two or more organisms. Fuller and Hahn (1976) addressed this issue and described three means of establishing social groups that would facilitate genetic analysis. We survey the literature on agonistic behavior in mice from 1976 through 1994 and describe interesting uses of those three methods. One of those methods (the standard tester design) often employs a “noninteractive” social partner. We present data showing that the standard tester design may be more valuable when using an evocative and interactive standard tester.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: Mice ; ultrasounds ; ultrasonic calls ; infants ; diallel cross ; individual differences
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Ultrasonic calls produced by young mice reliably elicit investigation and retrieval by adults. While there are large individual differences in the characteristics of these calls, little work has been done to partition that variation. We completed a 4 × 4 diallel cross and Hayman analyses on several characteristics of these cries. The major result was the detection of directional dominance toward a higher rate of calling, longer calls, and calls of lower overall frequency with a greater bandwidth. Within the context of biometrical genetic theory, we conclude that calls with such characteristics may have important fitness value. Extending this idea, we propose that within the population sampled for this study (the animals of the four inbred strains and 12 F1 hybrid groups), the calls most effectively eliciting investigation and retrieval would be calls with the average hybrid values of the diallel cross.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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