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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Heat and mass transfer 27 (1992), S. 195-200 
    ISSN: 1432-1181
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Strömungen in horizontalen Rohrleitungen, die für die chemische Gasphasenabscheidung (CVD) von unten beheizt werden, spielen eine wichtige Rolle bei der Erzeugung von dünnen Halbleiterschichten. Jedoch verhindert die Entstehung von Benard-Zellen, daß Schichten gleichmäßiger Dichte wachsen. Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit besteht in der Ermittlung der Verhältnisse für ein mittleres zeitlich gleichmäßiges Wachstum der Schicht auf dem Boden einer rechteckigen CVD-Rohrleitung. Um die günstigsten Verhältnisse zu ermitteln, wurden experimentelle Studien mit verschiedenen Temperaturen auf den Seitenwänden der Rohrleitung durchgeführt. Strömungen im chaotischen Zustand können zu einer gleichmäßigen Verteilung der horizontalen Temperaturen und damit zu einem gleichmäßigen Wachstum von Halbleiterschichten führen.
    Notes: Abstract Flows in horizontal chemical vapor deposition (CVD) ducts heated from below play an important role for manufacturing thin semiconductor layers. However, the formation of Benard cells prevents the growth of layers of uniform thickness. The present paper aims at finding conditions for time-mean uniform growth of the layer on the bottom of a rectangular CVD duct of aspect ratio 2 and heated from below. Experimental studies of various side wall temperature distributions were performed to identify conditions appropriate for controlling the Benard cells. It was found that flows in the chaotic state can provide the uniform horizontal temperature distribution preferable for the uniform growth of semiconductor layers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 68 (1990), S. 1669-1673 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Three levels corresponding to photo energies E0(=1.7 eV), E1(=1.43 eV), and E2 (=energy gap) were observed in differential photocapacitance measurements of Si-doped AlxGa1−xAs grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (0.23〈x〈0.4). On the other hand, E1 and E2 were observed but E0 was not observed in the differential photoconductance measurements. Both photon energies E1 and E2 cause persistent photoconductance (PPC) and the electron concentration coincides with the concentration of Si atoms. Our results support the broken-bond model proposed by D. J. Chadi and K. J. Chang [Phys. Rev. B 39, 10063 (1989)].
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 95 (1991), S. 6421-6428 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We present a new analytical representation of the lowest 3A‘ energy surface for the reaction O(3P)+HCl(X 1Σ+)→OH(X 2Π)+Cl(2P). This surface is derived by fitting ab initio calculations, and adjustments are made to the barrier height so that rate constants derived from accurate quantum scattering calculations match the room temperature thermal rate constants. Contributions to thermal and state resolved rate constants arising from reaction on the lowest 3A' surface are also considered. Comparisons of thermal and state resolved rate constants with experiment are good except at high temperature where the 3A' contributions are significant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 64 (1993), S. 1822-1824 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A new optical method is established to measure the crack length and its velocity in transparent crystals by utilizing the total reflection of light beam at the cleavage crack plane. The optical system is constructed by using a laser, a PIN photodiode sensor, and a wave memory. With the apparatus the crack propagation velocity can be measured at any desired position inside the specimen with a time resolution of less than 1 μs. The measurement on a cleavage crack in NaCl reveals that the maximum speed of the crack is about 800 m/s and the fluctuation of the velocity occurs prior to the arrest.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 128 (1993), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We report a case of β2-microglobulin-induced amyloidosis. The patient was a 40-year-old man suffering from non-amyloid nephropathy, who had been treated by haemodialysis for 20 years. Lichenoid skin lesions, consisting of groups of pin-head-sized shiny papules, were present on the arms and trunk. On histological examination, amyloid deposits were present, principally in the dermal papillae, hut also around the sweat ducts and hair follicles. The amyloid displayed potassium-permanganate-resistant Congo red affinity, and green birefringence under polarized light, Immuno-histochemically, β2-microglobulin was demonstrated in the lesions, confirming that they were a manifestation of β2-microglobulin-associated amyloidosis. Skin lesions of this type have not been reported previously in β2-microglobulin-associated amyloidosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) is an important second messenger of extracellular signals to induce various cellular responses. Extracellular and intracellular Ca2+ are considered to be important for cellular differentiation and proliferation of epidermal keratinocytes. Several mechanisms which increase [Ca2+]i have been demonstrated in various tissues, but in epidermal keratinocytes these mechanisms are poorly understood. In epidermal keratinocytes the adenylate cyclase-cyclic AMP response is thought to regulate cell proliferation and differentiation. However, the series of reactions which follow the cyclic AMP response remain unknown. Beta-adrenergic agonists increase [Ca2+]i in cultured epidermal keratinocytes, and we have therefore studied whether stimulation of keratinocyte adenylate cyclase could induce [Ca2+]i increase, by using fluorescence microscopy with Fura 2-AM.Adenosine and histamine, which are known to be keratinocyte adenylate cyclase receptor agonists, induced transient [Ca2+]i increase, as did epinephrine. In addition, forskolin, a direct adenylate cyclase activator, and dibutylyl-cyclic AMP also induced an increase in [Ca2+]i. In a calcium-free medium epinephrine, adenosine, histamine and dibutylyl-cyclic AMP induced an increase in [Ca2+]i. These results suggest that cyclic AMP in human epidermal keratinocytes regulates [Ca2+]i, which is released from intracellular stores.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 127 (1992), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Substance P is a neuropeptide present in, and released from, peripheral C nerve endings. The presence of substance P-positive nerve fibres in the epidermis has been reported. We investigated the effect of substance P on the transmembrane signalling system of pig epidermal keratinocytes. Treatment of pig epidermis with substance P resulted in an increase in inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3), and in intracellular free calcium. The treatment also resulted in translocation of protein kinase C from a cytosol to a membrane fraction. Substance P, however, did not affect the β-adrenergic- or histamine (H2)- adenylate cyclase responses of the epidermis. Neither forskolin-induced, nor cholera toxin-induced cyclic AMP accumulation were affected by substance P treatment. These results are consistent with the view that substance P stimulates phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) hydrolysis of keratinocytes, resulting in IP3-Ca2+ and diacylglycerol-protein kinase C signal activation. Although protein kinase C is known to affect the epidermal adenylate cyclase system, no evidence for such ‘cross-talk regulation’ was detected in keratinocytes by substance P treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Duchenne muscular dystrophy ; Manifesting carrier ; Cardiomyopathy ; Dystrophin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A 42-year-old so-called manifesting carrier of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), whose first complaints were severe myocardial symptoms, is described. Immunohistochemical study using anti-dystrophin antiserum and analysis of cloned segments of X chromosome DNA were performed. Her two sons and one of her brothers appear to have had the same disease. She was admitted to hospital complaining of dyspnoea, back pain and palpitations and was first diagnosed as having myocardial infarction. However, this diagnosis was excluded. The echocardiogram showed diffuse abnormalities of myocardial function. Serum enzymes were increased. Minimal weakness and decreased deep tendon reflexes were detected in her left lower extremity. Muscle biopsy revealed a small number of necrotic fibres. Immunohistochemical study using anti-dystrophin antiserum showed a mosaic pattern of the surface membrane. Analysis of cloned segments of X chromosome DNA from the patient and her son showed the XmnI(Asp) alleles of pERT 87-15 and the TaqI alleles of pERT 87-8 in both patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Analogues of human erythrocyte protein 4.1 have been examined in the human skin by immunochemical techniques using anti-human erythrocyte protein 4.1 antibodies. Immunoblot analysis revealed that human epidermis contains 4.1-like proteins of 80 kDa and 78 kDa that cross react with anti-protein 4.1 antibodies. Analysis with immunofluorescence microscopy revealed that the plasma membrane of the human epidermal keratinocyte was stained intensively in the basal cells, whereas spinous cells were moderately stained. It is noted that eccrine sweat gland cells and ductal cells were also stained in the peripheral cytoplasma. Taken together, these results demonstrate that 4.1-like proteins are present in human epidermal keratinocytes, eccrine sweat gland cells and ductal cells. The present findings enable us to suggest that a membrane skeletal protein lattice might exist in these cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Peroxide ; Keratinocyte ; UV ; Dihydrorhodamine ; Hydrogen peroxide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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