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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Secretion of calcitonin and carcinoembryonic antigen in long-term organ culture of human medullary thyroid carcinoma: Biochemical and immunocytochemical studies (1985)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 63 (1985), S. 205-210 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Calcitonin ; Carcinoembryonic antigen ; Medullary thyroid carcinoma in vitro ; Organ culture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Tissue cultures of four C-cell carcinomas (medullary thyroid carcinoma, MTC) were prepared to study the basal and stimulated calcitonin (CT) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) release. Immunohistological staining of the explants for CT and CEA have been performed after various periods of culture. These MTC explants were able continuously to release CT and CEA for periods up to 157 days. The spontaneous CT and CEA release decreased sharply during the 1st week of culture, then remained nearly constant over the observation period. The CEA/CT secretion ratio slightly declined during long-term culture; CEA release seems to drop earlier than CT production. CT and CEA could be detected in the same cells by immunocytochemical technique. The septal tissue consisting of dense connective tissue and amyloid produced by tumor cells seemed to increase during long-term culture. CT, but not CEA, was stimulated by pentagastrin (10−5 M), glucagon (6×10−6 M), and dose related by calcium (2.5–20 mM) in vitro. The MTC explant organ long-term culture proved to be a useful model for studies of human CT and CEA secretion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01731170
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Katacalcin — Ein neuer Tumormarker beim C-Zell-Karzinom der Schilddrüse (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 65 (1987), S. 82-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Katacalcin ; Tumor marker ; C-cell carcinoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Katacalcin (KC) is situated on the C-terminal side of the procalcitonin molecule and is cleaved like calcitonin (CT) from this precursor peptide. Serum levels of KC were measured in 22 patients with C-cell carcinoma with a specific and sensitive radioimmunoassay (normal range, 〈0.1–0.15 ng/ml). Basal serum KC values in C-cell carcinoma patients were 0.32-290 ng/ml. There was a good correlation between KC and CT (r=0.98,P〈0.001). Serum KC, as well as CT, markedly increased after pentagastrin and calcium infusion. KC and CT were secreted in nearly equimolar amounts. During selective venous catheterization, KC and CT levels were increased in serum samples from veins draining tumor masses, which could be confirmed operatively. During the follow up, KC and CT measurements correlated well to the stage of disease. KC could be immunohistologically localized in C-cell carcinoma tissue. As a tumor marker, katacalcin is likely to be as useful as calcitonin in C-cell carcinoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01745480
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Procollagen-III peptide serum levels in Paget's disease of the bone (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 65 (1987), S. 174-178 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Procollagen-III peptide ; Paget's disease of the bone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A commercially available radioimmunoassay kit was used to determine aminoterminal procollagen-III peptide (pNcoll III) serum levels in patients with Paget's disease of the bone and control subjects. In patients with Paget's disease pNcoll III concentrations were significantly elevated. They decreased to varying degrees under chronic therapy with human and salmon calcitonin, disodium ethane 1-hydroxy 1,1 diphosphonate (EHDP), or a combination therapy of EHDP and human calcitonin. The results were compared with the effect on traditional biochemical markers of disease activity: serum alkaline phosphatase and urinary hydroxyproline excretion, both of which reacted more acutely to the various therapies than pNcoll III, although pretreatment correlations were close. The most probable source of pNcoll III is not the Pagetic bone per se, but the vascular, fibrous connective tissue replacing normal bone marrow.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01728230
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of voltage-dependent calcium channels in secretion of calcitonin from human medullary thyroid carcinoma cells (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 67 (1989), S. 635-639 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Voltage dependent calcium channels ; Calcitoninsecretion ; Human medullary thyroid carcinoma ; BAY K 8644-nifedipine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Extracellular calcium concentration is an important regulator of calcitonin secretion. We used primary cell cultures of human medullary thyroid carcinoma to study the role of voltage dependent calcium channels for stimulus secretion coupling. Increasing extracellular calcium concentration (1.6–5.0 mM) in the medium caused a dose dependent release of calcitonin. The calcium channel activator BAY K 8644, a dihydropyridine, stimulated calcitonin secretion in a dose dependent manner (10−7−10−5 M). This effect was completely inhibited by equimolar concentrations of the calcium channel blocker nifedipine and abolished in the absence of extracellular calcium. Similarly, nifedipine suppressed the stimulatory action of extracellular calcium. The effects of calcium and BAY K 8644 with and without nifedipine suggest that calcium influx via voltage dependent calcium channels plays an important role in calcitonin secretion. The primary cell culture of human medullary thyroid carcinoma is a good model for the study of stimulus secretion coupling.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01718147
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hyperthyreose durch ein hormonproduzierendes follikuläres Schilddrüsencarcinom (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 67 (1989), S. 304-307 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Hyperthyroidism ; Follicular thyroid carcinoma ; Radioiodine scan
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A well differentiated carcinoma of the thyroid is usually less productive with respect to thyroid hormones than normal thyroid tissue. Very rarely, it happens though that a metastatic follicular carcinoma of the thyroid produces hyperthyroidism as the following example illustrates. In our patient with follicular thyroid carcinoma the radioiodine scan demonstrated an increased uptake of123I in the right thyroid lobe but also in a lung metastasis, even before thyroidectomy. In contrast, the iodine uptake of the left — normal — thyroid lobe was suppressed. Following thyroidectomy the levels of the thyroid hormones were normal and only dropped into the hypothyroid range after the beginning of the therapy with radioiodine. Hence we conclude that the metastases of a thyroid carcinoma can attain the hormone secretion of a normal thyroid gland and take up more radioiodine than normal thyroid tissue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01892899
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metastatic C-cell carcinoma: Calcitonin and CEA production in monolayer culture (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 111 (1986), S. 284-288 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: C-cell carcinoma ; Monolayer culture ; Calcitonin ; Carcinoembryonic antigen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Mechanically dissociated cells from a surgically removed mediastinal C-cell carcinoma (MTC) were cultured over a period of 4 months. The cells of the monolayer culture consisted of clusters of small epithelial-like cells. Using semithin and ultrathin sections, two different types of cells could be characterized by shape of nucleus and by content and distribution of secretory granules. One type of cell showed a more irregularly shaped nucleus, the other contained a large oval nucleus, similar to the normal C-cell of the human thyroid. Calcitonin (CT) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were measured in supernatants in duplicate by radioimmunoassays. Radioimmuno-detectable CT levels in the supernatant of culture medium varied between 0.8 and 1.6 ng/ml and CEA levels between 5 and 27 ng/ml during a 2-month period. The present study proves that in monolayer-cultured cells of a MTC, metastases continue to produce radioimmuno-detectable CT and CEA. Whether the two different cell types in culture are relevant for carcinoma needs further investigation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00389246
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neuron-specific enolase in medullary thyroid carcinoma: immunohistochemical demonstration, but no significance as serum tumor marker (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 113 (1987), S. 599-602 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Neuron-specific enolase ; Medullary thyroid carcinoma ; Tumor marker ; Calcitonin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) is an enzyme detectable in nervous and neuroendocrine tissue. Increased serum levels of NSE are found in small cell lung cancer and in patients with neuroblastoma, in whom NSE is used as a serum tumor marker. We have investigated 32 patients with histologically proven medullary thyroid carcinoma, a tumor of neuroendocrine origin, in which the classical tumor marker calcitonin (CT) was pathologically elevated. Positive immunocytochemistry for NSE and CT in C-cells was obtained in all cases. Increased serum NSE levels were found in only 5 of 32 patients, there was no correlation between NSE and CT concentrations. We also compared NSE and CT serum levels during long-term follow-up and again found no correlation between NSE and CT. After i.v. stimulation tests with pentagastrin and calcium, no correlation was found between NSE and CT serum levels. We conclude, therefore, that in medullary thyroid carcinoma NSE is useful for immunocytochemistry but not a reliable serum tumor marker.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00390873
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    120. Therapeutische Aspekte und Möglichkeiten beim Rezidiv des C-Zell-Carcinoms der Schilddrüse (1985)
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 366 (1985), S. 590-590 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: C-cell (medullary) carcinoma ; Tumor recurrence ; Surgical therapy ; C-Zell-Carcinom ; Tumorrezidiv ; Chirurgische Therapie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Zwischen 1972 und 1984 wurden 25 kurativ operierte Patienten mit C-Zell-Carcinom der Schilddrüse beobachtet. 19 Patienten entwickelten ein Tumorrezidiv. Insgesamt wurden deshalb 40 Rezidivoperationen durchgeführt. Bei fehlenden therapeutischen Alternativen und häufig inadäquater Primärtherapie ist beim Rezidiv ein erneutes chirurgisches Vorgehen erforderlich. Eine Kuration wird durch den Rezidiveingrifisehr selten beobachtet, indiziert ist aber auch eine palliative Tumor- und Metastasenexstirpation. Eine Heilung wird vor allem erreicht durch die frühe Diagnose und einen adäquaten Ersteingriff.
    Notes: Summary Between 1972 and 1984, 25 curatively treated patients with medullary carcinoma of the thyroid gland were observed: 19 of them developed tumor recurrence. Altogether, there were 40 reoperations performed. Because there are no therapeutic alternatives and primary treatment is often unsatisfactory, further surgical procedures are required. Very rarely is a cure observed by secondary operation, but palliative tumor and metastasis extirpation is also indicated. A cure is mostly obtained by early diagnosis and adequate primary operation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01836719
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