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  • 2000-2004
  • 1990-1994  (3)
  • Chemistry  (3)
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Erscheinungszeitraum
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: In a number of infectious and inflammatory diseases, stimulation of the immune system can lead to increased accumulation of tryptophan metabolites via induction of kynurenine pathway enzymes in extrahepatic tissues. We developed a liquid chromatographic/mass spectrometric (LC/MS) method suitable for tracing the disposition of 13C isotopomers of L-tryptophan and L-kynurenine in various cultured cell, tissue slice, and whole animal model systems used to investigate tryptophan flux through the kynurenine pathway. The method employs extractive derivatization of the analytes and their 2H internal standards with pentafluorobenzyl bromide in order to enhance the negative ion chemical ionization (NICI) mass spectrometric response. Normal-phase liquid chromatographic separation of derivatized analytes was optimized using a silica column with organic solvents, followed by particle beam transfer and NICI-MS. Standard curves were linear over the range 1-250 ng per sample. Particle beam and mass spectrometric operating parameters were optimized with direct flow injections of 1-(methylamino) anthra-quinone, which is an ideal test compound for the evaluation of LC/NICI-MS. The developed method was used to quantify the conversion of (13C6)L-tryptophan to (13C6)L-kynurenine by human monocytes (THP-1) stimulated with interferon-γ, lung and brain tissue slices obtained from gerbils immune-stimulated with pokeweed mitogen. The effect of whole body immune stimulation on the plasma levels of engogenous L-kynurenine in mice stimulated with interferon-γ was also quantified.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 42 (1991), S. 637-642 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: The long-term corrosion rate of passive iron in anaerobic alcaline solutionsGas generation is an important issue in safety assessments of low and intermediate level radioactive repositories. In this connection the hydrogen production from corrosion of passive iron in saturated calcium hydroxide, in dilute alkali hydroxide and cement porewater solutions has been determined. The measurements were performed manometrically using fusion sealed glass cells, the measurement periods being between 275 and 560 days.In 0.1 M and 0.04 M alkali hydroxide solutions the initial hydrogen generation rate was 12 mmol/m2yr corresponding to a linear corrosion rate of 64 nm/yr. The reaction rate decreases with time. The smallest value obtained after 330 days is 0.3 mmol/m2yr corresponding to 1.5 nm/yr.The influence on iron of the saturated calcium hydroxide solution and the calcic porewater solutions differs from that of the alkali hydroxide solutions. At pH 12.5 the hydrogen generation rate remains practically constant up to breaking off the experiment, the value being about 1 mmol/m2yr corresponding to 5 nm/yr.
    Notizen: Im Zusammenhang mit der Gasentwicklung in einem Endlager für schwach- und mittelradioaktive Abfälle ist die Wasserstoffentwicklung am passiven Eisen in verdünnten Alkalihydroxidlösungen, in gesättigter Calciumhydroxidlösung und in synthetischen Zementporenwässern bestimmt worden. Die Messung erfolgte manometrisch in zugeschmolzenen Glaszellen; die Meßzeiten lagen zwischen 275 und 560 Tagen.In 0,1 und 0,04 M Alkalihydroxidlösungen beträgt die anfängliche Wasserstoffbildungsrate 12 mmol/m2a (entsprechend einem Materialabtrag von 64 nm/a). Korrosionsgeschwindigkeiten in diesem Bereich wurden von anderen Autoren auch elektrochemisch gemessen. Die Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit nimmt mit der Zeit ab. Der kleinste gemessene Wert liegt nach 330 Tagen bei 0,3 mmol/m2a (1,5 nm/a).Gesättigte Calciumhydroxidlösung und die calciumhaltigen Zementporenwässer unterscheiden sich in ihrer Einwirkung auf das Eisen von den Alkalihydroxidlösungen. Bei pH 12,5 ist die Wasserstoffbildungsrate mit etwa 1 mmol/m2a (5 nm/a) bis zum Versuchsabbruch praktisch konstant.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 21 (1994), S. 718-723 
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The formation of Schottky barriers at the Sb/n-ZnSe interface has been investigated for a selected number of chemically etched n-ZnSe surfaces. Microscopic properties of the surfaces and interfaces have been observed with SEM, XPS, AES and SIMS, while the conventional I-V technique has been used to determine the macroscopic electrical properties. Both polycrystalline ZnSe wafers and molecular beam epitaxy-grown layers of n-ZnSe on n+-GaAs substrates were used for this investigation. Stoichiometric variations resulting from wet chemical etching of n-ZnSe were investigated using XPS, AES and SIMS techniques. The electrical properties of Sb contacts formed by vacuum evaporation on the etched surfaces were also determined. Possible intermixing at the Sb/n-ZnSe interface was studied using the SIMS imaging technique. The correlation between macroscopic electrical properties and microscopic interactions at the interface will be presented in this paper.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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