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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amino acid losses and nitrogen balance during slow diurnal hemodialysis in critically ill patients with renal failure (1997)
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 23 (1997), S. 110-113 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Key words Amino acid ; Nitrogen balance ; Slow hemodialysis ; Critically ill ; Renal failure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: The effects of slow diurnal hemodialysis (slow HD) on amino acid losses and nitrogen balance were studied. Design: Slow HD was conducted for 10 h during the day at the dialysate flow rate of 30 ml/min. The patients received total parenteral nutrition including 40 g of amino acids (6.08 g of nitrogen). The amino acid concentrations in plasma and dialysate were determined and the daily nitrogen balance was calculated from the urea nitrogen appearance. Patients: Six critically ill patients with renal failure were entered into the study. Results: Slow HD eliminated 48.5±4.4 mmol (6.2±0.6 g) of amino acids, representing 16% of the daily amino acid load. The estimated nitrogen balance was –2.3±1.3 g/day. Amino acid nitrogen lost in the dialysate was 1.0±0.1 g, contributing 43% of the daily negative nitrogen balance. Conclusion: The amount of amino acid losses during slow HD should be taken into consideration when designing nutritional schedules for maintaining positive nitrogen balance in critically ill patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001340050299
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics of single-dose intravenous amikacin in critically ill patients undergoing slow hemodialysis (1995)
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 21 (1995), S. 348-351 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Amikacin ; Pharmacokinetics ; Slow hemodialysis ; Renal failure ; Critically ill patients
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective The pharmacokinetics of amikacin were studied in patients undergoing slow hemodialysis (HD). Design Slow HD was performed at the dialysate flow rate of 30 ml/min. After a single intravenous dose of amikacin 5 mg/kg, pharmacokinetic variables were calculated by fitting indivdual concentration-time curves to a two-compartment open model. Patients 6 critically ill patients with renal failure were entered into the study. Results The volume of distribution was 0.35±0.03 l/kg. Total body clearance was 35.1±2.3 ml/min with an elimination half-life of 10.5 h. During a 10.5 h session of slow HD, the serum amikacin concentration decreased from the peak level of 21.3±1.2 mg/l to 7.2±0.9 mg/l. Conclusion Slow HD eliminate amikacin more efficiently than other types of slowly performed renal replacement therapy and had profound effects on the pharmacokinetics. Amikacin elimination by this approach should be taken into consideration for designing a dosage schedule during the treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01705414
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Scanning electron microscopy of the subarachnoid macrophages after subarachnoid haemorrhage, and their possible role in the formation of subarachnoid fibrosis (1979)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 50 (1979), S. 273-280 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Macrophage ; subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) ; subarachnoid fibrosis ; scanning electron microscope (SEM)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Sixty dogs with experimental subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH), repeated SAH, and subarachnoid fibrosis (examined three weeks and three months after SAH, and treated with urokinase or dexamethasone) were examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The authors observed the resting and activated macrophages, the erythrophagocytosis, and giant cells in the subarachnoid space after SAH. They consider that the macrophages play an important role in the formation of subarachnoid fibrosis, similar to the role of macrophages in fibrosis in other sites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01808524
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of antifibrinolytic therapy on subarachnoid fibrosis in dogs after experimental subarachnoid haemorrhage (1980)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 54 (1980), S. 17-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Subarachnoid fibrosis ; subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) ; tranexamic acid ; antifibrinolytic therapy ; scanning electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of antifibrinolytic therapy on posthaemorrhagic subarachnoid fibrosis was observed experimentally in dogs with the scanning electron microscope (SEM). The subchronic subjects, given intravenous injections of tranexamic acid (1 mg/day) for 12 days and sacrificed 3 weeks after cisternal blood injection, showed residual clot with thick fibrosis, especially around the haemorrhage. The chronic subjects, to which the same procedure was applied and which were sacrificed three months after cisternal blood injection, showed significant increases in the subarachnoid fibrosis, most remarkably in the parasagittal region. Tranexamic acid is widely used for preventing the recurrence of subarachnoid haemorrhage. However, it was revealed in this study that antifibrinolytic therapy might increase chronic posthaemorrhagic subarachnoid fibrosis, which is considered to be responsible for communicating hydrocephalus by disturbing epicortical CSF flow4.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01401939
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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