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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 86 (1999), S. 374-379 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The uniformity of surface layer characteristics of InAlAs Schottky diodes, the so-called level-shift diodes, on InAlAs/InGaAs high electron mobility transistors is noninvasively examined by photoreflectance (PR) spectroscopy, on-wafer mapping of PR signal intensity at a particular wavelength, and analyzed data. From the observed Franz–Keldysh oscillations, we have been able to evaluate the built-in dc electric fields in the i–n+, or so-called UN+, InAlAs Schottky diode layer. The on-wafer fluctuation of the electric fields in the diode layer, which is due to the fluctuation of the thickness of the diode layer, is clearly visualized by on-wafer mapping. Nonuniform composition of the InAlAs diode layers is also observed. The shape of the contour lines in the map of the PR signal intensity is related to the structure of the growth equipment. Our results suggest that photoreflectance mapping is quite effective for noninvasive screening of device epiwafers. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Inc
    Wound repair and regeneration 12 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1524-475X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Aim: Various treatments for hypertrophic and keloid scars have been attempted including electron beam irradiation, local triamcinolone injection, oral tranilast administration, use of silicone sheets, and compression therapy using splints. Among them, we have been attempting silicone cushion patching on hypertrophic scar. Methods: Twenty cases (10 males, 10 females) with hypertrophic scar were treated with silicone cushion. Scar surfaces were kept in contact with silicone cushion for as long periods of time as possible every day. Results were assessed in scores using objective findings (redness, bulging, induration) and subjective symptoms (itching, spontaneous pain, tenderness). Results: As for objective findings, redness remained unchanged in one case, but bulging and induration were found improved in all cases. As for subjective symptoms, itching and tenderness were found improved in all cases and clinical course considered proving usefulness of the treatment was obtained. Conclusions: Silicone cushions have highly viscous silicone oil enclosed in the silicone pack designed to generate negative charge electrostatic fields. Generation of adequate and sustaining electrostatic fields is important for useful clinical effect to exhibit on hypertrophic scar recession. Generation of negative charge electrostatic fields was confirmed on potential determination data with an electrostatic field meter as well.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 55 (1989), S. 451-453 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Secondary-ion mass spectroscopy and cathodoluminescence (CL) studies were carried out on GaAs films grown by Ar+ laser-assisted metalorganic molecular beam epitaxy. The Ar+ laser irradiation leads to the formation of a 400-μm-diam spot. In the growth temperature range 425–500 °C, the carbon concentration within the spot is maintained at 1017 cm−3, while that in the area not irradiated by the laser increases from 1017 to 1019 cm−3. The process of decomposition of the triethylgallium molecules and the mechanism by which the carbon concentration is maintained by the laser irradiation are discussed in detail. Low-temperature CL spectra revealed that the CL signal intensity in the selectively grown spot was some ten times greater than that in the area not irradiated by the laser.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 55 (1989), S. 622-624 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The initial stages of molecular beam epitaxial (MBE) growth of GaAs and AlGaAs are directly observed by scanning reflection electron microscopy. Under deficient As4 flux, it is shown that dark areas appear within several layers of growth, but disappear within several seconds of growth interruption, indicating that they are droplets of Ga and Al. The distance between the droplets is approximately 1 μm, which is identical in GaAs and AlGaAs growth. Thus, the diffusion length of Ga and Al on a group III-rich surface at around 600 °C is estimated to be about 5000 A(ring), which is the largest among previous reports. The role of droplet disappearance in interface flattening in alternating supply MBE is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 54 (1989), S. 436-438 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The interface structures of single quantum wells grown on vicinal (100) substrates with a controlled offset 0.2° are studied by cathodoluminescence microscopy. Bright and dark stripe patterns are periodically observed in monochromatic images of the single quantum wells and the stripes replicate stair-like stepped interfaces. It is further shown that the observed terrace width is several times larger than the average interstep distance of monolayer steps calculated from the offset angle and that the step height is not one monolayer. Based on the results, a new interface structure model has been proposed that takes the offset angle into account. Finally, it is shown that employing growth interruption during epitaxial growth as an interface smoothing technique has limitations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 51 (1987), S. 1617-1619 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Fundamental processes such as charge generation, trapping and emission, and collection in scanning deep level transient spectroscopy (SDLTS) are analyzed. It is concluded that SDLTS is more sensitive to minority-carrier traps than to majority-carrier traps and that a two-dimensional map of SDLTS peak signal magnitude, i.e., SDLTS image, of minority-carrier traps does not necessarily show the trap concentration distribution. A practical equation for trap concentration is derived by utilizing an electron beam induced current. Concentration of a hole trap with an activation energy 0.45 eV in an n-type as-grown liquid encapsulated Czochralski GaAs is calculated to be 1×1016 cm−3.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 63 (1993), S. 2525-2527 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: This letter demonstrates that minority-carrier injection entirely removes ion-implantation- induced defects in GaAs at temperatures as low as 200 °C, where no annealing is observed as a result of a simple thermal annealing. The enhancement mechanism is discussed within the framework of recombination-enhanced defect reaction. The present findings have opened the door to "room temperature semiconductor material processing.''
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A ridge quantum wire structure has been successfully fabricated on a patterned (001) GaAs substrate by first growing a (111)B facet structure with a very sharp ridge and then depositing a thin GaAs quantum well on its top. Electron microscope study has shown that a GaAs wire with the effective lateral width of 17–18 nm is formed at the ridge top. Photoluminescence and cathodoluminescence measurements indicate that one of the luminescence lines comes from the wire region at the ridge and its blue shift (∼60 meV) agrees with the quantum confined energy calculated for the observed wire structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 2 (1975), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Cheek pressure during swallowing was measured on six operated complete cleft lip and palate cases (4–8 years of age) before and after expansion of buccal segments of maxillary arch, As control, seven non-cleft subjects with acceptable occlusion of the same age level were used. Before expansion, the pressures in the cleft cases were much higher than the controls. Immediately after expansion, increase in pressure was observed in cases which received rapid expansion. However, a few months after expansion, most cases showed a decrease in pressure. This is explained as being due to the adaptation of the perioral musculature to the expanded dental arch and/or the disappearance of hyperactivity of the perioral musculature during swallowing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The effect of Helicobacter pylori infection on non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced gastric mucosal injury is controversial.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Aim:To examine the effect of the interaction between H. pylori and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on gastric mucosal injury.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Methods:Mongolian gerbils infected with H. pylori were treated with indometacin at 8 mg/kg for 2 days or 7 days. Mucosal damage was assessed by macroscopic and histological examination, and myeloperoxidase activity was measured as an index of neutrophil infiltration. The expression levels of cyclo-oxygenase proteins were determined by Western blot analysis and cyclo-oxygenase activity.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉Results:A 2-day course of indometacin did not cause an increase in gastric damage in H. pylori-infected Mongolian gerbils compared to uninfected gerbils, while a 7-day course of indometacin caused additive gastric damage in H. pylori-infected animals. H. pylori infection induced cyclo-oxygenase-2 expression in the stomach. Treatment with indometacin for 2 days did not significantly affect cyclo-oxygenase activity in H. pylori-infected animals, while treatment for 7 days inhibited both cyclo-oxygenase-1 and cyclo-oxygenase-2 activities. Pre-treatment with a selective cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitor aggravated mucosal injury in H. pylori-infected animals treated or not treated with indometacin for 2 days.〈section xml:id="abs1-5"〉〈title type="main"〉Conclusions:Our results suggest that cyclo-oxygenase-2 protein induced by H. pylori infection may be involved in the defence of the gastric mucosa against damage caused by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Therefore, inhibition of cyclo-oxygenase-2 activity may enhance non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-caused gastric damage in H. pylori-infected animals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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